scholarly journals White Paper: Bridging the gap between surveillance data and antimicrobial stewardship in the animal sector—practical guidance from the JPIAMR ARCH and COMBACTE-MAGNET EPI-Net networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. ii52-ii66
Author(s):  
Monica Compri ◽  
Rodolphe Mader ◽  
Elena Mazzolini ◽  
Giulia de Angelis ◽  
Nico T Mutters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
One Health ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
White Paper ◽  
Surveillance Data ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Modified Delphi ◽  
Control Programmes ◽  
The One

Abstract Background The JPIAMR ARCH and COMBACTE-MAGNET EPI-Net networks have joined efforts to formulate a set of target actions to link the surveillance of antimicrobial usage (AMU) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) with antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) activities in four different settings. This White Paper focuses on the veterinary setting and embraces the One Health approach. Methods A review of the literature was carried out addressing research questions in three areas: AMS leadership and accountability; AMU surveillance and AMS; and AMR surveillance and AMS. Consensus on target actions was reached through a RAND-modified Delphi process involving over 40 experts in infectious diseases, clinical microbiology, AMS, veterinary medicine and public health, from 18 countries. Results/discussion Forty-six target actions were developed and qualified as essential or desirable. Essential actions included the setup of AMS teams in all veterinary settings, building government-supported AMS programmes and following specific requirements on the production, collection and communication of AMU and AMR data. Activities of AMS teams should be tailored to the local situation and capacities, and be linked to local or national surveillance systems and infection control programmes. Several research priorities were also identified, such as the need to develop more clinical breakpoints in veterinary medicine. Conclusions This White Paper offers a practical tool to veterinary practitioners and policy makers to improve AMS in the One Health approach, thanks to surveillance data generated in the veterinary setting. This work may also be useful to medical doctors wishing to better understand the specificities of the veterinary setting and facilitate cross-sectoral collaborations.

scholarly journals COVID-19 and Emerging Zoonosis - The Clock is Counting Down: Time for Closer Collaboration between Veterinary and Human Medicine

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Ana Cláudia Coelho
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
One Health ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Emerging Pathogens ◽  
Task Forces ◽  
The One

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) quickly spread from China and crossed international borders. For the first time in this century, the world is facing a nightmare of 2 million deaths due to the respiratory pandemic by January 2021. Most of the emerging or re-emerging pathogens are likely to be zoonotic, and SARS-CoV-2 potentially has an animal origin, a circumstance that is a public health concern and a burden on any country’s economy. Greater awareness and understanding of potential disease promoters and effective disease surveillance systems are crucial for detecting outbreaks of emerging zoonotic diseases as quickly as possible. In order to achieve this goal, there is an urgent need for a One Health approach between human and veterinary medicine. Indeed, the One Health approach, along with all the lessons learned from previous coronavirus threats (SARS- and MERS-CoVs), as well as the advance of science is essential for dealing with emerging zoonosis, including COVID-19. It is urgent to create task forces, networks and all types of collaborations between human and veterinary medicine to prevent future pandemic events.

scholarly journals White Paper: Bridging the gap between surveillance data and antimicrobial stewardship in the outpatient sector—practical guidance from the JPIAMR ARCH and COMBACTE-MAGNET EPI-Net networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. ii42-ii51
Author(s):  
Fabiana Arieti ◽  
Siri Göpel ◽  
Marcella Sibani ◽  
Elena Carrara ◽  
Maria Diletta Pezzani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
White Paper ◽  
Outpatient Setting ◽  
Surveillance Data ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Flexible Tool ◽  
Modified Delphi ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Outpatient Sector

Abstract Background The outpatient setting is a key scenario for the implementation of antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) activities, considering that overconsumption of antibiotics occurs mainly outside hospitals. This publication is the result of a joint initiative by the JPIAMR ARCH and COMBACTE-MAGNET EPI-Net networks, which is aimed at formulating a set of target actions for linking surveillance data with AMS activities in the outpatient setting. Methods A scoping review of the literature was carried out in three research areas: AMS leadership and accountability; antimicrobial usage and AMS; antimicrobial resistance and AMS. Consensus on the actions was reached through a RAND-modified Delphi process involving over 40 experts in infectious diseases, clinical microbiology, AMS, veterinary medicine or public health, from 18 low-, middle- and high-income countries. Results Evidence was retrieved from 38 documents, and an initial 25 target actions were proposed, differentiating between essential or desirable targets according to clinical relevance, feasibility and applicability to settings and resources. In the first consultation round, preliminary agreement was reached for all targets. Further to a second review, 6 statements were re-considered and 3 were deleted, leading to a final list of 22 target actions in the form of a practical checklist. Conclusions This White Paper is a pragmatic and flexible tool to guide the development of calibrated surveillance-based AMS interventions specific to the outpatient setting, which is characterized by substantial inter- and intra-country variability in the organization of healthcare structures, maintaining a global perspective and taking into account the feasibility of the target actions in low-resource settings.

scholarly journals Tick-borne zoonoses and commonly used diagnostic methods in human and veterinary medicine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Springer ◽  
Antje Glass ◽  
Julia Probst ◽  
Christina Strube
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
One Health ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Zoonotic Pathogens ◽  
Health Concept ◽  
The One

AbstractAround the world, human health and animal health are closely linked in terms of the One Health concept by ticks acting as vectors for zoonotic pathogens. Animals do not only maintain tick cycles but can either be clinically affected by the same tick-borne pathogens as humans and/or play a role as reservoirs or sentinel pathogen hosts. However, the relevance of different tick-borne diseases (TBDs) may vary in human vs. veterinary medicine, which is consequently reflected by the availability of human vs. veterinary diagnostic tests. Yet, as TBDs gain importance in both fields and rare zoonotic pathogens, such as Babesia spp., are increasingly identified as causes of human disease, a One Health approach regarding development of new diagnostic tools may lead to synergistic benefits. This review gives an overview on zoonotic protozoan, bacterial and viral tick-borne pathogens worldwide, discusses commonly used diagnostic techniques for TBDs, and compares commercial availability of diagnostic tests for humans vs. domestic animals, using Germany as an example, with the aim of highlighting existing gaps and opportunities for collaboration in a One Health framework.

Leptospirosis prevalence and risk factors in India: Evidence gap maps

2021 ◽  
pp. 004947552110052
Author(s):  
Sandeep Moola ◽  
Deepti Beri ◽  
Abdul Salam ◽  
Jagnoor Jagnoor ◽  
Arun Teja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
One Health ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Public Health Importance ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Disease Condition ◽  
Extraction Parameters ◽  
The One

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease of public health importance in India. A country-level evidence gap map was developed to identify gaps on epidemiology of leptospirosis. It is the first such on leptospirosis globally and on any single disease condition in India. The steps for development of evidence gap map were development of a framework to map evidence, retrieval of evidence, data extraction parameters and mapping of available evidence in evidence gap map framework. The prevalence evidence gap map consisted of 157 studies (102 in humans, 55 in animals, and 12 in both). The evidence gap map on risk factors had 120 studies (102 in humans, 11 in animals and 7 in both). There were inter-state differences in availability of research and disparity between animal and human research. Research on high-risk groups was limited and studies did not use the One Health approach to identify epidemiology, which can help understand the issue more comprehensively. The study demonstrates the potential of evidence gap maps to inform research priorities.

A Hidden Corner of the “One Health” Concept: One Health, the Military Veterinarian, and Education

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-120
Author(s):  
Andrea Győrffy ◽  
Ákos Jozwiak
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
National Security ◽  
One Health ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Veterinary Services ◽  
Health Concept ◽  
The One ◽  
The Military ◽  
Over Time

Public health belongs to the “One Health” umbrella. As military veterinary medicine evolved, it became embedded in national security. Many armed forces still have active veterinary services, both regular and reserve components. The military veterinarian can serve as an interface between civilians and civil organizations, can handle complex and interdisciplinary cases. Introducing the “One Health” concept both in practice and education has encountered many difficulties. Over time, “One Health” has been judged to be a “buzz word” in civilian areas; however, it is a weighty concept. Its importance is pronounced in military areas where practicing along One Health principles were present before the appearance of the term itself. Nevertheless, military “One Health” has not penetrated into the overwhelming “One Health” literature. Emphasizing the military aspects of One Health not only reveals an obscure corner but might help to regain the proper importance of the “One Health” concept.

scholarly journals Mammary microbial dysbiosis leads to the zoonosis of bovine mastitis: a One-Health perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudipa Maity ◽  
Kiran Ambatipudi
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
One Health ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Bacterial Disease ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Microbial Dysbiosis ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Primary Focus ◽  
The One

ABSTRACT Bovine mastitis is a prototypic emerging and reemerging bacterial disease that results in cut-by-cut torture to animals, public health and the global economy. Pathogenic microbes causing mastitis have overcome a series of hierarchical barriers resulting in the zoonotic transmission from bovines to humans either by proximity or remotely through milk and meat. The disease control is challenging and has been attributed to faulty surveillance systems to monitor their emergence at the human–animal interface. The complex interaction between the pathogens, the hidden pathobionts and commensals of the bovine mammary gland that create a menace during mastitis remains unexplored. Here, we review the zoonotic potential of these pathogens with a primary focus on understanding the interplay between the host immunity, mammary ecology and the shift from symbiosis to dysbiosis. We also address the pros and cons of the current management strategies and the extent of the success in implementing the One-Health approach to keep these pathogens at bay.

scholarly journals Building the European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance network in veterinary medicine (EARS-Vet)

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolphe Mader ◽  
Peter Damborg ◽  
Jean-Philippe Amat ◽  
Björn Bengtsson ◽  
Clémence Bourély ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
One Health ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
World Health ◽  
European Economic Area ◽  
Surveillance Network ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) should be tackled through a One Health approach, as stated in the World Health Organization Global Action Plan on AMR. We describe the landscape of AMR surveillance in the European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA) and underline a gap regarding veterinary medicine. Current AMR surveillance efforts are of limited help to veterinary practitioners and policymakers seeking to improve antimicrobial stewardship in animal health. We propose to establish the European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance network in Veterinary medicine (EARS-Vet) to report on the AMR situation, follow AMR trends and detect emerging AMR in selected bacterial pathogens of animals. This information could be useful to advise policymakers, explore efficacy of interventions, support antimicrobial stewardship initiatives, (re-)evaluate marketing authorisations of antimicrobials, generate epidemiological cut-off values, assess risk of zoonotic AMR transmission and evaluate the burden of AMR in animal health. EARS-Vet could be integrated with other AMR monitoring systems in the animal and medical sectors to ensure a One Health approach. Herein, we present a strategy to establish EARS-Vet as a network of national surveillance systems and highlight challenges of data harmonisation and bias. Strong political commitment at national and EU/EEA levels is required for the success of EARS-Vet.

Antimicrobial stewardship through a one health lens

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 114-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisa Anne D'Angeli ◽  
Joe B. Baker ◽  
Douglas R. Call ◽  
Margaret A. Davis ◽  
Kelly J. Kauber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
One Health ◽  
Work Group ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Washington State ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The One

Purpose – Antibiotic resistance (AR) is a global health crisis that is attracting focussed attention from healthcare, public health, governmental agencies, the public, and food producers. The purpose of this paper is to describe the work in Washington State to combat resistance and promote antimicrobial stewardship from a one health perspective. Design/methodology/approach – In 2014, the Washington State Department of Health convened a One Health Steering Committee and two workgroups to focus on AR, the One Health Antimicrobial Stewardship work group and the One Health Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance work group. The group organized educational sessions to establish a basic understanding of epidemiological factors that contribute to resistance, including antibiotic use, transmission of resistant bacteria, and environmental contamination with resistant bacteria and antibiotic residues. Findings – The authors describe the varied uses of antibiotics; efforts to promote stewardship in human, and animal health, including examples from the USA and Europe; economic factors that promote use of antibiotics in animal agriculture; and efforts, products and next steps of the workgroups. Originality/value – In Washington, human, animal and environmental health experts are working collaboratively to address resistance from a one health perspective. The authors are establishing a multi-species resistance database that will allow tracking resistance trends in the region. Gaps include measurement of antibiotic use in humans and animals; integrated resistance surveillance information; and funding for AR and animal health research.

scholarly journals Using a One Health Approach to Build an Integrated Surveillance Data System

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne Clifford
Keyword(s):  
Data Structure ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
One Health ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Data System ◽  
Surveillance Data ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Data Types ◽  
Vector Surveillance

Objective: Integrate and streamline the collection and analysis of environmental, veterinary, and vector zoonotic data using a One Health approach to data system development.Introduction: Environmental Public Health Zoonotic Disease surveillance includes veternary, environmental, and vector data. Surveillance systems within each sector may appear disparate from each other, although they are actually complimentaly and closely allied. Consolidating and integrating data in to one application can be challenging, but there are commonalities shared by all. The goal of the One Health Integrated Data Sysytem is to standardize data collection, streamline data entry, and integrate these sectors in to one application.Methods: Data Assessment. An assessment of each surveillance function was carried out to evaluate data types and needs.Identify Commonalities. Common data was identified across each of the surveillance areas.Identify Unique Data. Data unique to specific surveillance efforts was identified.Build Data Structure. A back-end data structure was developed that reflected the data needs from each surveillance area.Build Data Entry Interfaces. Data entry interfaces were developed to meet the needs of each surveillance area.Build Data QC. Procedures were developed that run several quality control checks on the data.Build Data Eports. To allow users to carry out more extensive analysis of data, customized data exports were built.Results: This data integration project resulted in:● Reduced time spent entering and managing data● Improved data entry error rates● Increased visibility through automated program metrics● Improved access to data from data usersConclusions: Integrating data and building a data system that reflects the diversity of environmental, veterinary, and vector surveillance data is doable using off-the-shelf database tools. The process of integrating data and building the data structure results in a more intimate understanding of the data revealing opportunities for improving data quality.

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