Mammary microbial dysbiosis leads to the zoonosis of bovine mastitis: a One-Health perspective

ABSTRACT Bovine mastitis is a prototypic emerging and reemerging bacterial disease that results in cut-by-cut torture to animals, public health and the global economy. Pathogenic microbes causing mastitis have overcome a series of hierarchical barriers resulting in the zoonotic transmission from bovines to humans either by proximity or remotely through milk and meat. The disease control is challenging and has been attributed to faulty surveillance systems to monitor their emergence at the human–animal interface. The complex interaction between the pathogens, the hidden pathobionts and commensals of the bovine mammary gland that create a menace during mastitis remains unexplored. Here, we review the zoonotic potential of these pathogens with a primary focus on understanding the interplay between the host immunity, mammary ecology and the shift from symbiosis to dysbiosis. We also address the pros and cons of the current management strategies and the extent of the success in implementing the One-Health approach to keep these pathogens at bay.

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White Paper: Bridging the gap between surveillance data and antimicrobial stewardship in the animal sector—practical guidance from the JPIAMR ARCH and COMBACTE-MAGNET EPI-Net networks

Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy ◽

10.1093/jac/dkaa429 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 75 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. ii52-ii66

Author(s):

Monica Compri ◽

Rodolphe Mader ◽

Elena Mazzolini ◽

Giulia de Angelis ◽

Nico T Mutters ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Veterinary Medicine ◽

Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽

One Health ◽

Research Priorities ◽

White Paper ◽

Surveillance Data ◽

Surveillance Systems ◽

Modified Delphi ◽

Control Programmes ◽

The One

Abstract Background The JPIAMR ARCH and COMBACTE-MAGNET EPI-Net networks have joined efforts to formulate a set of target actions to link the surveillance of antimicrobial usage (AMU) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) with antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) activities in four different settings. This White Paper focuses on the veterinary setting and embraces the One Health approach. Methods A review of the literature was carried out addressing research questions in three areas: AMS leadership and accountability; AMU surveillance and AMS; and AMR surveillance and AMS. Consensus on target actions was reached through a RAND-modified Delphi process involving over 40 experts in infectious diseases, clinical microbiology, AMS, veterinary medicine and public health, from 18 countries. Results/discussion Forty-six target actions were developed and qualified as essential or desirable. Essential actions included the setup of AMS teams in all veterinary settings, building government-supported AMS programmes and following specific requirements on the production, collection and communication of AMU and AMR data. Activities of AMS teams should be tailored to the local situation and capacities, and be linked to local or national surveillance systems and infection control programmes. Several research priorities were also identified, such as the need to develop more clinical breakpoints in veterinary medicine. Conclusions This White Paper offers a practical tool to veterinary practitioners and policy makers to improve AMS in the One Health approach, thanks to surveillance data generated in the veterinary setting. This work may also be useful to medical doctors wishing to better understand the specificities of the veterinary setting and facilitate cross-sectoral collaborations.

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Proposed Integrated Control of Zoonotic Plasmodium knowlesi in Southeast Asia Using Themes of One Health

Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease ◽

10.3390/tropicalmed5040175 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 175

Author(s):

Jessica Scott

Keyword(s):

One Health ◽

Plasmodium Knowlesi ◽

Integrated Control ◽

Current Control ◽

Control Measures ◽

Forest Conversion ◽

Surveillance Systems ◽

Zoonotic Malaria ◽

Disease Agent ◽

The One

Zoonotic malaria, Plasmodium knowlesi, threatens the global progression of malaria elimination. Southeast Asian regions are fronting increased zoonotic malaria rates despite the control measures currently implemented—conventional measures to control human-malaria neglect P. knowlesi’s residual transmission between the natural macaque host and vector. Initiatives to control P. knowlesi should adopt themes of the One Health approach, which details that the management of an infectious disease agent should be scrutinized at the human-animal-ecosystem interface. This review describes factors that have conceivably permitted the emergence and increased transmission rates of P. knowlesi to humans, from the understanding of genetic exchange events between subpopulations of P. knowlesi to the downstream effects of environmental disruption and simian and vector behavioral adaptations. These factors are considered to advise an integrative control strategy that aligns with the One Health approach. It is proposed that surveillance systems address the geographical distribution and transmission clusters of P. knowlesi and enforce ecological regulations that limit forest conversion and promote ecosystem regeneration. Furthermore, combining individual protective measures, mosquito-based feeding trapping tools and biocontrol strategies in synergy with current control methods may reduce mosquito population density or transmission capacity.

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Drivers of Antibiotic Resistance Transmission in Low- and Middle-Income Countries from a “One Health” Perspective—A Review

Antibiotics ◽

10.3390/antibiotics9070372 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. 372 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Katia Iskandar ◽

Laurent Molinier ◽

Souheil Hallit ◽

Massimo Sartelli ◽

Fausto Catena ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibiotic Resistance ◽

One Health ◽

Geographical Area ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Surveillance Systems ◽

Market Failures ◽

Middle Income ◽

Safety Issues ◽

Middle Income Countries ◽

The One

Antibiotic resistance is an ecosystem problem threatening the interrelated human-animal-environment health under the “One Health” framework. Resistant bacteria arising in one geographical area can spread via cross-reservoir transmission to other areas worldwide either by direct exposure or through the food chain and the environment. Drivers of antibiotic resistance are complex and multi-sectoral particularly in Lower- and Middle-income countries. These include inappropriate socio-ecological behaviors; poverty; overcrowding; lack of surveillance systems; food supply chain safety issues; highly contaminated waste effluents; and loose rules and regulations. In order to examine the drivers of antibiotic resistance from a “one health” perspective, a literature review was conducted on three databases including PubMed, Medline and Google Scholar. A total of 485 studies of potential relevance were selected, out of which 182 were included in this review. Results have shown that the aforementioned market failures are the leading cause for the negative externality of antibiotic resistance that extends in scope from the individual to the global ecosystem. Incremental and sustainable global actions can make the change, however, the problem will continue to prevail if governments do not prioritize the “One health” approach and if individual’s accountability is still denied in a world struggling with profound socio-economic problems.

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WHY DOES CHINA NEED «ONE BELT, ONE ROAD» AND WHY CHINESE INITIATIVE CAN BE PUNISHED?

Federalism ◽

10.21686/2073-1051-2019-1-147-160 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 147-160

Author(s):

S. A. Lukonin ◽

M. N. Novichova

Keyword(s):

Global Economy ◽

Media Campaign ◽

Competitive Pressure ◽

Chinese Media ◽

Economic Expansion ◽

One Belt One Road ◽

The Usa ◽

Pros And Cons ◽

The One ◽

The Eu

The Chinese initiative «One Belt, One Road» has a growing influence on the development of the global economy. As it progresses, it carries both new opportunities, risks, and challenges for concrete regions and countries. On this background, «One Belt, One Road» begins to encounter ambiguous perception and often with the opposition. This article is devoted to the analysis of this tangle of problems. The authors identify the main economic prerequisites for its occurrence; define economic and political goals, which can be achieved by China within its implementation, and also describe the main geographical directions of the initiative’s development. It’s noted that China began to experience competitive pressure from the USA and the EU, mainly in the form of countering Chinese economic expansion, as well as the anti-Chinese media campaign. Critical arguments for the Chinese initiative, as well as arguments in its favor, are presented and explored in the paper. Basing on the analysis of “pros” and “cons”, the authors come to the conclusion that the nature of the «One belt, One Road» is likely to be changed towards greater consideration of the interests of the hosting countries.

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A One Health Approach to Investigating Leptospira Serogroups and Their Spatial Distributions among Humans and Animals in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, 2013–2015

Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease ◽

10.3390/tropicalmed4010042 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 42

Author(s):

Noemi Polo ◽

Gustavo Machado ◽

Rogerio Rodrigues ◽

Patricia Nájera Hamrick ◽

Claudia Munoz-Zanzi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

One Health ◽

Agricultural Practices ◽

Rio Grande ◽

The State ◽

Surveillance Systems ◽

Rio Grande Do Sul ◽

Control And Prevention ◽

High Risk Populations ◽

The One ◽

Human Vaccine

Leptospirosis is an endemic zoonotic disease in Brazil and is widespread throughout rural populations in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. This study aimed to identify presumptive infecting Leptospira serogroups in human and animal cases and describe their occurrences within the ecoregions of the state by animal species. Data for human and animal leptospirosis cases were gathered from the government’s passive surveillance systems and presumptive infecting serogroups were identified based on a two-fold titer difference in serogroups in the microscopic agglutination test (MAT) panel. A total of 22 different serogroups were reported across both human and animal cases. Serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae was the most common among humans, while serogroup Sejroe predominated among animal cases, particularly bovines. Each ecoregion had a large distribution of cases, with 51% of the human cases in the Parana–Paraiba ecoregion, and 81% of the animal cases in the Savannah ecoregion. Identifying and mapping the serogroups circulating using the One Health approach is the first step for further understanding the distribution of the disease in the state. This study has the potential to aid in guiding public health and agricultural practices, furthering the need for a human vaccine in high-risk populations to complement control and prevention efforts.

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COVID-19 and Emerging Zoonosis - The Clock is Counting Down: Time for Closer Collaboration between Veterinary and Human Medicine

Open Access Journal of Veterinary Science & Research ◽

10.23880/oajvsr-16000209 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Ana Cláudia Coelho

Keyword(s):

Veterinary Medicine ◽

Disease Surveillance ◽

One Health ◽

Lessons Learned ◽

Health Concern ◽

Animal Origin ◽

Surveillance Systems ◽

Emerging Pathogens ◽

Task Forces ◽

The One

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) quickly spread from China and crossed international borders. For the first time in this century, the world is facing a nightmare of 2 million deaths due to the respiratory pandemic by January 2021. Most of the emerging or re-emerging pathogens are likely to be zoonotic, and SARS-CoV-2 potentially has an animal origin, a circumstance that is a public health concern and a burden on any country’s economy. Greater awareness and understanding of potential disease promoters and effective disease surveillance systems are crucial for detecting outbreaks of emerging zoonotic diseases as quickly as possible. In order to achieve this goal, there is an urgent need for a One Health approach between human and veterinary medicine. Indeed, the One Health approach, along with all the lessons learned from previous coronavirus threats (SARS- and MERS-CoVs), as well as the advance of science is essential for dealing with emerging zoonosis, including COVID-19. It is urgent to create task forces, networks and all types of collaborations between human and veterinary medicine to prevent future pandemic events.

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Compressed Development

10.1093/oso/9780198744948.001.0001 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

D. Hugh Whittaker ◽

Timothy Sturgeon ◽

Toshie Okita ◽

Tianbiao Zhu

Keyword(s):

Social Development ◽

Global Economy ◽

National Development ◽

Value Chains ◽

Middle Income ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Development Processes ◽

Multiple Levels ◽

New Perspective ◽

The One

This book highlights the importance of time and timing in economic and social development. ‘Compressed development’ consists of two key features and their interaction: the tendency for development processes to unfold more rapidly (compression) and the institution-shaping influences of major periods of change and growth, especially when countries become integrated into the global economy (era). Using an interdisciplinary conceptual framework of state–market and organization–technology co-evolution, the authors contrast the experiences of ‘early’ and ‘late’ developers such as the United Kingdom and Japan, with countries–most notably China–which have become more deeply integrated with the global economy since the 1990s. Compressed developers experience ‘thin industrialization’, layered types of employment, and ‘double burdens’ or challenges in social development. National development strategies must accommodate global value chains and powerful international actors on the one hand, and decentralization on the other. To cope, and thrive, states must remain developmental, whilst being increasingly engaged and adaptive in multiple levels of governance. Compressed Development explores the historical and contemporary features of economic and social development at the intersection of development studies and studies of globalization. By bringing a new perspective on the ‘middle-income trap’, as well as the emerging digital economy, and the state–market and geopolitical tensions that are currently upending conventional wisdoms, the book offers timely insights that will be useful, not only for students of development, but for policymakers, business, and labour organization seeking to navigate the rushing currents of contemporary capitalism.

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Structural Transformation and Inclusive Growth

10.1093/oso/9780198792369.003.0003 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Andy Sumner

Keyword(s):

Structural Transformation ◽

Global Economy ◽

Focal Point ◽

Import Substitution ◽

National Development ◽

Inclusive Growth ◽

1960S And 1970S ◽

The 1960S ◽

The One ◽

Import Substitution Industrialization

This chapter reviews currents in theory with a focus on modernization and neoclassical statements of comparative advantage on the one hand, and structuralism, dependency, and other theories of underdevelopment on the other. The latter theories of underdevelopment hit their zenith in the policies of the import-substitution industrialization of the 1960s and 1970s. They were largely dismissed in the 1980s as the limits of import-substitution industrialization became apparent and as East Asia industrialized, undermining any argument that structural transformation was problematic in the periphery. This chapter theorizes that neither orthodox nor heterodox theories of structural transformation adequately explain the development of late developers because of the heterogeneity of contemporary capitalism. That said, heterodox theories, which coalesce around the nature of incorporation of developing countries into the global economy, do retain conceptual usefulness in their focal point, ‘developmentalism’, by which we mean the deliberate attempts at national development led by the state.

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Tick-borne zoonoses and commonly used diagnostic methods in human and veterinary medicine

Parasitology Research ◽

10.1007/s00436-020-07033-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Andrea Springer ◽

Antje Glass ◽

Julia Probst ◽

Christina Strube

Keyword(s):

Veterinary Medicine ◽

Diagnostic Tests ◽

One Health ◽

Animal Health ◽

Diagnostic Techniques ◽

Diagnostic Methods ◽

Diagnostic Tools ◽

Zoonotic Pathogens ◽

Health Concept ◽

The One

AbstractAround the world, human health and animal health are closely linked in terms of the One Health concept by ticks acting as vectors for zoonotic pathogens. Animals do not only maintain tick cycles but can either be clinically affected by the same tick-borne pathogens as humans and/or play a role as reservoirs or sentinel pathogen hosts. However, the relevance of different tick-borne diseases (TBDs) may vary in human vs. veterinary medicine, which is consequently reflected by the availability of human vs. veterinary diagnostic tests. Yet, as TBDs gain importance in both fields and rare zoonotic pathogens, such as Babesia spp., are increasingly identified as causes of human disease, a One Health approach regarding development of new diagnostic tools may lead to synergistic benefits. This review gives an overview on zoonotic protozoan, bacterial and viral tick-borne pathogens worldwide, discusses commonly used diagnostic techniques for TBDs, and compares commercial availability of diagnostic tests for humans vs. domestic animals, using Germany as an example, with the aim of highlighting existing gaps and opportunities for collaboration in a One Health framework.

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