Turbidimetric Evaluation of Bacterial Culture Resistance in Disinfectant Testing

1972 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-223
Author(s):  
John H S Chen ◽  
L F Ortenzio
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Nutrient Broth ◽  
Turbidimetric Method ◽  
Salmonella Choleraesuis ◽  
Test Organisms ◽  
Test Cultures

Abstract A simple turbidimetric method has been developed for determining the degree of phenol resistance of cultures used for disinfectant testing. Net transmission values are used to assess t h e degree of resistance; these are based on t h e measurement of the total amount of light scattered by the bacterial growth i n the AOAC broth medium without interfering turbidity of the dissolved ingredients. A decrease in the net transmission value corresponds to a decrease in phenol resistance; the converse is also true . The transmission values obtained in a 10 month study of a total of 77 weekly r and om samples of AOAC nutrient broth media blanks showed no substantial differences among the broth media tested by the turbidimetric method. Net transmission values were obtained for 71 broth cultures of Salmonella choleraesuis, 74 of Staphylococcus aureus, and 78 of Pseudomonas aeruginosa having the same required resistance against phenol. These values, which fell within a wider range than would be expected, are given. The effect of the number of 10-carrier-soakings on the net transmission value and equivalent phenol resistance of the cultures was determined for 60 broth cultures of the 3 test organisms named above. Soaking wet cylinder carriers in a given volume of test cultures used for the AOAC use-dilution test directly reduced the net transmission value and equivalently decreased the phenol resistance of the cultures. The turbidimetric method has proven experimentally satisfactory i n several hundred determinations and in selecting test cultures of uniform quality for disinfectant testing.

Standardization of Bacterial Numbers on Penicylinders Used in Disinfectant Testing: Interlaboratory Study

1987 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 635-637
Author(s):  
Eugene C Cole ◽  
William A Rutala ◽  
Gregory P Samsa
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Interlaboratory Study ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Adjustment Method ◽  
Salmonella Choleraesuis ◽  
Significant Variability ◽  
Test Organisms

Abstract An interlaboratory study was conducted to evaluate a method of standardizing bacterial numbers on penicylinders used in the AOAC use-dilution method (4.007-4.015) of disinfectant testing. Eight participating laboratories followed a broth adjustment method using their media and stock cultures of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Salmonella choleraesuis ATCC 10708, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442. The culture broths that were used to inoculate the penicylinders were incubated for 48 h at 37°C after several (4-6) 24 h passages. McFarland turbidity standards of 1.0 and 0.5 were used to adjust visually the cultures of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, respectively. S. choleraesuis was used undiluted. The results showed significant variability in numbers of test bacteria which adhered to die penicylinders, with mean values of 1.6 x 106 for S. choleraesuis, 3.5 x 106 for S. aureus, and 8.2 x 106 for P. aeruginosa. The results from collaborating laboratories attempting standardization of bacterial numbers on penicylinders demonstrated significant interlaboratory and cylinder variation for all 3 test organisms.

The Study of Bacillus Subtils Antimicrobial Activity on Some of the Pathological Isolates

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hussein A Kadhum ◽  
Thualfakar H Hasan2
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Inhibitory Ability ◽  
Selection Of

The study involved the selection of two isolates from Bacillus subtilis to investigate their inhibitory activity against some bacterial pathogens. B sub-bacteria were found to have a broad spectrum against test bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. They were about 23-30 mm and less against Klebsiella sp. The sensitivity of some antibodies was tested on the test samples. The results showed that the inhibitory ability of bacterial growth in the test samples using B. subtilis extract was more effective than the antibiotics used.

scholarly journals Jabuticaba skin extracts: phenolic compounds and antibacterial activity

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávia Cíntia de Oliveira ◽  
Tamara Rezende Marques ◽  
Gustavo Henrique Andrade Machado ◽  
Thaís Cristina Lima de Carvalho ◽  
Aline Aparecida Caetano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Salmonella Choleraesuis ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

Abstract The phenolic compounds from various extracts of jabuticaba skin powder (JSP) were characterized in this study, and the antibacterial activity assessed. The phenolic compounds were extracted from the JSP using four methods: a) acetone extraction - 1 g JSP: 10 mL 70% acetone, resting for 2 hours; b) aqueous extract - 1 g JSP: 15 mL water, under agitation; c) ethanolic extract - 1 g JSP: 15 mL acidified ethanol, under agitation; and d) methanolic extract - 1 g JSP: 50 mL 50% methanol, under reflux. The antibacterial activity was evaluated by the agar diffusion assay, using Escherichia coli ATCC 11229, Salmonella choleraesuis ATCC 6539, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 and Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19117. The ethanolic and methanolic extracts showed the highest levels of phenolic compounds, especially of cyanidin chloride, catechin and epicatechin. The extracts did not inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli and Salmonella choleraesuis, but inhibited 30% of the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa with an extract concentration of 250 µg mL-1. Against Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes the highest inhibitory effect observed was 41.8% for the ethanolic extract, followed by 36% inhibition by the methanolic extract, thus revealing the potential of these extracts as possible alternatives for use in the food and/or pharmaceutical industries.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF THE EFFICACY OF A HYDROGEN PEROXIDE DISINFECTANT

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Luz Karime Medina-cÓrdoba ◽  
Ligia Lucia Valencia-mosquera ◽  
Gretty Paola Tarazona-diaz ◽  
Janeth Del Carmen Arias-palacios
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Microbial Population ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Minimum Level ◽  
Salmonella Choleraesuis ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis Atcc ◽  
High Level

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of a disinfectant based on hydrogen peroxide.Methods: The method used to assess the efficacy of the disinfectant was the agar plate technique. With this procedure, it was possible to determine the percentage of inhibition of the high-level disinfectant of STERIS against four microorganisms, i.e., Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027, Staphylococcus aureus (Beta-Hemolytic 227), Salmonella choleraesuis (Kuznedorf CMDM 074), and Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633). The effectiveness of five disinfectant concentrations (0.02%, 0.04%, 0.08%, 1%, and 2%) was determined and evaluated in three different times 5, 10, and 15 min, for vegetative strains and 3, 6, and 9 h for the sporulated strain.Results: According to the experimental test, the reduction of the microbial population was, on average, 100% for the disinfectant concentrations of 0.08%, 1%, and 2%.Conclusion: The results obtained demonstrated that the high-level disinfectant of STERIS based on hydrogen peroxide is 100% effective when the concentration recommended by the commercial house (2%) is used in the shortest time exposure to disinfectant. The minimum level of effectiveness was 0.08%; however, if lower concentrations are used, destruction of the microorganisms is not guaranteed.

scholarly journals Uji efek antibakteri daun mangrove Rhizophora apiculata terhadap bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa dan Staphylococcus aureus

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivi P. Santoso ◽  
Jimmy Posangi ◽  
Henoch Awaloei ◽  
Robert Bara
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Rhizophora Apiculata ◽  
Tissue Systems ◽  
Bacterial Growth Inhibition ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

Abstract: Endophytic Fungi are microorganisms that live in the plant tissue systems such as seeds, leaves, flowers, twigs, stems, and roots. Endophytic fungi used in this study was isolated from Mangrove Rhizophora apiculata leaves. R. apiculata is widely grown in coastal areas. This study aimed to determine whether there was an antibacterial effect of endophytic fungi that was isolated from leaves of Rhizophora apiculata against the sample bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. This study was conducted in the Pharmacology and Therapeutics Laboratory of Sam Ratulangi University by using experimental methods. The results showed two types of fungi, tusky white endophytic fungi and white filamentous endophytic fungi, isolated from Mangrove Rhizophora apiculata leaves. Both types of fungi showed the presence of bacterial growth inhibition, but the white filamentous endophytic fungi had greater antibacterial effect than the tusky white endophytic fungi.Keywords: endophytic fungi, antibacterial, rhizophora apiculata leavesAbstrak: Jamur endofit merupakan mikroorganisme yang hidup di dalam sistem jaringan tumbuhan seperti biji, daun, bunga, ranting, batang, dan akar. Jamur endofit yang digunakan pada penelitian ini merupakan hasil isolasi dari daun mangrove Rhizophora apiculata. Tanaman mangrove R.apiculata ini banyak tumbuh di kawasan pesisir pantai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat efek antibakteri jamur endofit yang diisolasi dari daun Rhizophora apiculata terhadap bakteri uji Pseudomonas aeruginosa dan Staphylococcus aureus. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Farmakologi dan Terapi Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado dengan menggunakan metode eksperimental. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan dua jenis jamur yaitu jamur endofit berwarna putih gading dan jamur endofit berwarna putih berserabut yang diisolasi dari daun mangrove Rhizophora apiculata. Kedua jenis jamur menunjukan adanya daya hambat pertumbuhan kedua bakteri uji, namun jamur endofit berwarna putih berserabut memiliki efek antibakteri lebih besar dari pada jamur endofit berwarna putih gading.Kata kunci: jamur endofit, antibakteri, daun rhizophora apiculata

scholarly journals Atividade antimicrobiana dos extratos metanólicos de diferentes espécies do gênero Lippia

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. e22610918051
Author(s):  
Soraya Castro Trindade ◽  
Jurandi Nery Pereira-Filho ◽  
Laerte Oliveira Barreto Neto ◽  
Thais Brito de Oliveira Moura ◽  
Antonio Pedro Fróes de Farias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Candida Glabrata ◽  
Micrococcus Luteus ◽  
Salmonella Choleraesuis

As espécies do gênero Lippia (Verbenaceae) possuem diversas moléculas bioativas, oriundas do seu metabolismo secundário, que apresentam atividade antimicrobiana, analgésica, antifúngica e imunomoduladora. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a atividade antimicrobiana in vitro do extrato metanólico das folhas de L. alnifolia, L. origanoides, L. insignis e L. thymoides frente a microrganismos de importância clínica.  Foi realizada uma triagem fitoquímica dos extratos das plantas e a avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana pelo método de difusão em disco, além da determinação da concentração inibitória mínima (MIC) frente às bactérias Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Micrococcus luteus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus e Salmonella choleraesuis, e os fungos Candida albicans e Candida glabrata. A presença de saponinas, terpenos, esteroides, cumarinas, ácidos fenólicos e flavonoides foi observada na análise fitoquímica. Os extratos metanólicos das folhas de L. alnifolia, L. origanoides e L. insignis apresentaram atividade antimicrobiana contra todas os microrganismos testados. O extrato metanólico da L. thymoides apresentou atividade antimicrobiana frente aos microrganismos M. luteus, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, C. albicans e C. glabrata. A maioria dos extratos apresentou atividade bacteriostática e todos os extratos apresentaram atividade fungistática para C. albicans e fungicida para C. glabrata. A utilização dos extratos de Lippia pode ser uma alternativa viável no tratamento de doenças infecciosas de origem bacteriana e fúngica.

scholarly journals Antimicrbial Effect of Diode Laser and Biossynthesis Silver Nanoparticles on Bactrium Staphylococcus Aureus in Vitro

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.36) ◽  
pp. 290
Author(s):  
Raad Sh. Alnayli ◽  
Adnan H. Al Hamadani ◽  
Safaa A. Yaseen
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Diode Laser ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Antibacterial Agent ◽  
Laser Energy ◽  
Nutrient Broth ◽  
Biological Method ◽  
Effective Result

The present work was aimed to illustrate how the use of Diode laser or silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) each of them individually, as an antibacterial agent against  Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) as well as study the effective result from the absorption of laser energy by these nanoparticles to kill or inhibition bacterial growth. The silver nanoparticles are prepared by biological method. S. aureus are isolated and identified in the Central Health Laboratory in Al Najaf city. Nanoparticles are tested against S. aureus cultured on Muller Hinton agar but Diode laser or laser with nanoparticles are tested against S. aureus cultured in Nutrient broth. S. aureus are irradiating by Diode laser with different irradiation times, moreover there are different concentrations of AgNPs have been employed for killing and inhibition bacterial growth. Results showed that S. aureus is affected by AgNPs (mainly highest concentration of nanoparticles) also detected that decrease bacterial availability with increase time of irradiation to laser. 

scholarly journals Coeficiente fenólico na avaliação microbiológica de desinfetantes de uso hospitalar e doméstico

1989 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-174
Author(s):  
Jorge Timenetsky ◽  
Flávio Alterthum
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Salmonella Choleraesuis

Analisou-se o coeficiente fenólico de 24 desinfetantes comercializados em São Paulo (Brasil). Seis produtos eram de uso hospitalar e os restantes de uso doméstico. Os compostos ativos eram à base de fenóis, amônio quaternário, formaldeído, etanol e cloro, sendo que alguns estavam associados. Os microrganismos utilizados foram Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442 e Salmonella choleraesuis ATCC 10708. Os valores dos coeficientes fenólicos variaram de 58,3 a 0,1. Os desinfetantes hospitalares mostraram valores superiores aos de uso doméstico, mas estas diferenças, proporcionalmente, não significaram melhor qualidade dos mesmos. O método microbiológico adotado mostrou que alguns produtos, de uso doméstico, aparentemente possuiam atividade antibacteriana baixa ou inexistente porque o coeficiente fenólico não pôde ser obtido nas diluições utilizadas na avaliação.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Properties of Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Therapeutic Potential for Cystic Fibrosis Infection, and Treatment

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morgan T. Sutton ◽  
David Fletcher ◽  
Santosh K. Ghosh ◽  
Aaron Weinberg ◽  
Rolf van Heeckeren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Human Mscs ◽  
Antimicrobial Effectiveness

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease in which the battle between pulmonary infection and inflammation becomes the major cause of morbidity and mortality. We have previously shown that human MSCs (hMSCs) decrease inflammation and infection in thein vivomurine model of CF. The studies in this paper focus on the specificity of the hMSC antimicrobial effectiveness usingPseudomonas aeruginosa(gram negative bacteria) andStaphylococcus aureus(gram positive bacteria). Our studies show that hMSCs secrete bioactive molecules which are antimicrobialin vitroagainstPseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus,andStreptococcus pneumonia, impacting the rate of bacterial growth and transition into colony forming units regardless of the pathogen. Further, we show that the hMSCs have the capacity to enhance antibiotic sensitivity, improving the capacity to kill bacteria. We present data which suggests that the antimicrobial effectiveness is associated with the capacity to slow bacterial growth and the ability of the hMSCs to secrete the antimicrobial peptide LL-37. Lastly, our studies demonstrate that the tissue origin of the hMSCs (bone marrow or adipose tissue derived), the presence of functional cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR: human,Cftr: mouse) activity, and response to effector cytokines can impact both hMSC phenotype and antimicrobial potency and efficacy. These studies demonstrate, the unique capacity of the hMSCs to manage different pathogens and the significance of their phenotype in both the antimicrobial and antibiotic enhancing activities.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity and Acute Toxicity Testing of Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles against Methicilin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ifeyomi Wilfred Olobayotan ◽  
Bukola Catherine Akin-Osanaiye ◽  
Olukemi A. Onuh
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Toxicity Testing ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Test Organisms

Antibacterial activity of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles was studied using the macrobroth dilution technique. The silver nanoparticles was significantly active (p > 0.05) against the test organisms at an extract concentration of 75 µg/ml. Concentrations ≤ 50 µg/ml were not as effective as the colony forming units at this concentration, 1.61 x 106 for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and concentrations ≤ 25 µg/ml 1.45 x 106 for Pseudomonas aeruginosa respectively, were about the same range as the colony forming units of the controls. The silver nanoparticles inhibited Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus more (MIC of 75 µg/ml and MBC of 100 µg/ml) than they inhibited P. aeruginosa (both MIC and MBC was 100 µg/ml). The LD50 of the synthesized silver nanoparticles after oral administration was seen to be greater than 5000 mg/kg body weight and is therefore thought to be safe. This study supports the use of silver nanoparticles as therapeutic agents. KEYWORDS: Nanoparticles, Biosynthesis, Inhibition, Therapeutic agents, Macroboth Technique

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