Quantification and Characterization of Phenolic Compounds from Northern Indian Propolis Extracts and Dietary Supplements

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (5) ◽  
pp. 1378-1393
Author(s):  
Bharathi Avula ◽  
Satyanarayanaraju Sagi ◽  
Mubashir H Masoodi ◽  
Ji-Yeong Bae ◽  
Adil F Wali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
The United States ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Chemical Fingerprinting ◽  
Simple Economic

Abstract Background Propolis is a resinous substance produced by bees. Propolis extracts have been used for anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities. The use of propolis dietary supplements has been increasing in the United States and the rest of the world. Objective A simple, economic, and valid analytical method is needed for quality assessment of dietary supplements and extracts claiming to contain propolis. Methods A ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) quadropole time-of-flight-MS method was used to characterize the chemical composition of northern Indian propolis. Fourteen major phenolic compounds were quantified using a UHPLC-DAD method. An HPTLC method was used to develop chemical fingerprinting profiles for propolis extracts and dietary supplements. The seven propolis extracts and 14 dietary supplements purchased in the U.S. were analyzed using the UHPLC-DAD-QToF method. Results Fifty-seven compounds belonging to phenolic, coumarin, fatty acid, and terpene classes were identified in propolis extracts. Based on quantification results, the content of 14 phenolic compounds in propolis extracts varied from 19–32% in dietary supplements, a significant variation to the recommended daily intake (0.2–94 mg/day). Conclusions/Highlights The developed analytical methods can be used for quality assessment of propolis extracts and dietary supplements.

scholarly journals Phenolic Profile and Bioactive Potential of Stems and Seed Kernels of Sweet Cherry Fruit

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sílvia Afonso ◽  
Ivo Vaz Oliveira ◽  
Anne S. Meyer ◽  
Alfredo Aires ◽  
Maria José Saavedra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Phenolic Profile ◽  
Bioactive Potential ◽  
Sweet Cherry Cultivars

Every year, large quantities of stems and pits are generated during sweet cherry processing, without any substantial use. Although stems are widely recognized by traditional medicine, detailed and feasible information about their bioactive composition or biological value is still scarce, as well as the characterization of kernels. Therefore, we conducted a study in which bioactivity potential of extracts from stems and kernels of four sweet cherry cultivars (Early Bigi (grown under net cover (C) and without net cover (NC)), Burlat, Lapins, and Van) were examined. The assays included antioxidant (by 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic) acid (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and β-carotene-linoleic acid bleaching assays), and antibacterial activities against important Gram negative and Gram positive bacterial human isolates. Profile and individual phenolic composition of each extract were determined by High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. Extracts from stems of cv. Lapins and kernels of Early Bigi NC presented high levels of total phenolics, flavonoids, ortho-diphenols and saponins. Excepting for cv. Early Bigi NC, major phenolic compounds identified in stems and kernels were sakuranetin and catechin, respectively. In cv. Early Bigi NC the most abundant compounds were ellagic acid for stems and protocatechuic acid for kernels. In all extracts, antioxidant activities showed a positive correlation with the increments in phenolic compounds. Antimicrobial activity assays showed that only stem’s extracts were capable of inhibiting the growth of Gram positive isolates. This new data is intended to provide new possibilities of valorization of these by-products and their valuable properties.

scholarly journals PSIII-23 Nutrient and Maillard reaction product concentrations of commercially available pet foods and treats

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 273-274
Author(s):  
Patricia M Oba ◽  
Nagait Hwisa ◽  
Xinhe Huang ◽  
Keith Cadwallader ◽  
Kelly S Swanson
Keyword(s):  
Maillard Reaction ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
The United States ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Maillard Reaction Products ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Total Dietary Fiber ◽  
Randomized Design

Abstract Exposing ingredients to high temperatures may result in chemical reactions between amino acids and sugars, leading to the formation of Maillard reaction products (MRPs). These products may result in altered palatability, protein quality, and digestibility. This experiment quantified key MRPs in commercial pet foods, estimated daily intake of MRPs of pet animals, and correlated MRPs with macronutrient concentrations present in the foods. The analysis included 53 pet foods and treats commercially available in the United States: 11 dry dog foods, 29 wet dog foods, 2 dry dog treats, 3 wet dog treats, 2 dry cat foods, and 6 wet cat foods. Diets and treats were analyzed for dry matter, organic matter, crude protein (CP), acid-hydrolyzed fat, total dietary fiber, and gross energy using standard techniques. MRPs were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. All data were analyzed as a completely randomized design using the GLM procedure of SAS 9.4. On average, wet foods had higher (P < 0.001) fructoselysine (FRUC) and carboxymethyllysine (CML) than dry foods. Dry dog treats had the highest (P < 0.001) FRUC (29.64 µg/g) and CML (0.47 mg/g) concentrations of all products tested. Dry cat foods had the lowest (P < 0.001) CML (0.10 mg/g) concentrations of all commercial segments. Wet dog treats had the highest (P < 0.001) 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural (HMF) (10.92 µg/g) concentrations of all segments and wet cat foods had the lowest (P < 0.001) HMF (0.22 µg/g) content. Dogs and cats fed wet diets would be more likely to ingest higher amounts of CML and FRUC compared to animals fed dry diets. Dogs consuming dry treats would be more likely to ingest higher amounts of CML than wet treats. CP was negatively correlated to HMF (P = 0.0425; r = -0.27973), while TSF was positively correlated to CML (P = 0.0417; r = 0.28080).

Characterization of phenolic compounds from inner bark of Betula pendula

Holzforschung ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaana Liimatainen ◽  
Maarit Karonen ◽  
Jari Sinkkonen ◽  
Marjo Helander ◽  
Juha-Pekka Salminen
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Silver Birch ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Inner Bark ◽  
First Time

Abstract A method has been developed for the characterization of biologically active silver birch (Betula pendula) inner bark phenolics based on high-performance liquid chromatography/diode array detector (HPLC-DAD)/electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). It was demonstrated that the inner bark contains high amounts of flavonoids, arylbutanoids, diarylheptanoids, simple phenolic compounds, phenolic acids, lignans, and procyanidins. Altogether, 30 individual compounds were characterized based on their ultraviolet (UV) and MS data. Structures of 22 compounds were confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. In addition to previously reported phenolic compounds, 12 compounds were identified in silver birch inner bark for the first time; two of them are novel compounds: 3-β-glucopyranosyloxy-2-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)-propan-1-one and 1,7-bis-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-heptanol 3-O-β-ap-iofuranosyl-(1→2)-β-glucopyranoside.

scholarly journals Laboratory characterization of Cor-Tuf Baseline and UHPC-S

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dylan Scott ◽  
Steven Graham ◽  
Bradford Songer ◽  
Brian Green ◽  
Michael Grotke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
The United States ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Ultra High Performance Concrete ◽  
Laboratory Characterization ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Protective Structures

This experimental effort is part of a larger program entitled Development of Ultra-High-Performance Concrete Tools and Design Guidelines. This program operates in accordance with an agreement concerning combating terrorism research and development between the United States of America Department of Defense and the Republic of Singapore Ministry of Defence. The objective of the program is to develop a better understanding of the potential benefits that may be achieved from the application of ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) materials for protective structures. The specific effort detailed in this report will provide insight into laboratory-scale mechanical properties of Cor-Tuf and a proprietary material termed UHPC-Singapore (UHPC-S).

scholarly journals Characterization of Polyphenols, Flavonoids and Their Anti-microbial Activity in the Fruits of Vangueria madagascariensis J. F. Gmel

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-37
Author(s):  
Peter K. Njenga ◽  
Samuel M. Mugo ◽  
Ting Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Botany Department ◽  
Fruit Extracts ◽  
Caffeoylquinic Acid

Aim: The study aimed to characterize phenolic acids, flavonoids, and determine their antimicrobial activities in fruits of Vangueria madagascariensis (Tamarind of Indies). Study Design: The design of the study included picking of Vangueria madagascariensis fruits from Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT) botanical garden and analysis for their antimicrobial activities at the Botany department research laboratory, JKUAT. Characterization of phenolic acids and flavonoids were conducted at MacEwan University Canada. Place and Duration: JKUAT, Kenya and MacEwan University, Edmonton, Alberta Canada between June 2013 and June 2016. Methodology: Phenolic acids and flavonoids from Tamarind of Indies were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array detection and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-ESI-MSN). The antimicrobial assay was determined using the disk diffusion method. Results: Based on the retention time, the UV spectrum, and the tandem MS behavior, the results revealed a profile composed of 25 phenolic compounds. Some of the identified phenolic compounds included: 3-caffeoylquinic acid, 5-caffeoylquinic acid, 4-caffeoylquinic acid, 4-feruloyl quinic acid, quercetin 3-O-galactoside, quercetin 3-O-glucoside, quercetin, 3,4-di-caffeoylquinic acid, 4, 5-di-caffeoylquinic acid, kaempferol, diosmetin, caffeic acid, epicatechin, kaempferol 3-O-glucoside. The fruit extracts had a probable presence of quercetin 3-O-6’-malonylglucoside, ikarisoside C, epimedin C, unknown epigallocatechin-3-gallate and quercetin conjugate derivatives. Furthermore, the fruit extracts from Vangueria madagascariensis showed appreciable antimicrobial properties against human pathogen strains. Strong antimicrobial activity was observed for Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans. The Vangueria madagascariensis was found to be highly potent against Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis even at low concentrations of 0.1 mg/mL. Conclusion: The research findings may suggest value of the use of Vangueria madagascariensis fruits as a rich source of antioxidants with therapeutic and nutraceutical value.

Extraction and characterization of phenolic compounds with antioxidant and antimicrobial activities from pickled radish

2020 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. 111050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Li ◽  
Shi-Ying Huang ◽  
Qianying Deng ◽  
Guiling Li ◽  
Guocheng Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activities

Fate of Aflatoxin B1 during the Cooking of Korean Polished Rice

2005 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 1431-1434 ◽  
Author(s):  
JE WON PARK ◽  
CHAN LEE ◽  
YOUNG-BAE KIM
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cooked Rice ◽  
Polished Rice ◽  
Mutagenicity Assay ◽  
Processing Factors

The fate of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), a mycotoxin known to occur in polished rice, during rice cooking was evaluated to determine reduction in AFB1 residues and mutagenic potentials. The amounts of AFB1 in three lots of naturally contaminated polished rice from Korea were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography after washing and after steaming. An in vitro mutagenicity assay with Salmonella Typhimurium TA100 was used to confirm the results of the chemical analyses. Cooking significantly reduced AFB1 (mean reduction, 34%) in naturally contaminated polished rice and reduced mutagenicity by ca. 27%. Processing factors (reflecting the removal of AFB1 residues during processing) for cooked rice were estimated at 0.66 to 0.73, as determined chemically and toxicologically, respectively. The revised Korean provisional daily intake of AFB1 from consumption of rice as a dietary staple (0.58 to 3.94 ng/kg of body weight per day) is still higher than that reported for foods in general in the United States (0.26 ng/kg of body weight per day). Thus, Koreans probably consume higher amounts of foodborne AFB1 than do Americans and thus are at higher risk for AFB1-induced health consequences.

scholarly journals Extraction and Characterization of Phenolic Compounds from Rose Hip (Rosa canina L.) Using Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Electrospray Ionization - Mass Spectrometry

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 349-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreea STĂNILĂ ◽  
Zorița DIACONEASA ◽  
Ioana ROMAN ◽  
Nicușor SIMA ◽  
Dănuț MĂNIUȚIU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Electrospray Ionization ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Rosa Canina ◽  
Rose Hip

Wild berry are a rich of natural compounds which provide them high antioxidant potential. The compounds which provide them these proprieties are known to be vitamins, flavonoids, anthocyanins and phenolic acids. The aim of this study was to extract and characterize bioactive compounds from rose hip (Rosa canina L.) currently found in Romania. A qualitative high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometric (ESI-MS) detection in positive ion mode has been used to identify phenolic compounds from rose hip crude extract. The chromatograms revealed the presence of a large number of compounds (19), identified and grouped as phenolic acids and flavones/ols, flavan-3-ols and also anthocyanins. Based on obtained results these berries can be highly recommended as part of our diet. Also this finding represents a contribution to the chemical characterization of phenolic profile of rose hip.

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