PSXII-11 The effects of feeding finishing cattle benzoic acid and/or live active yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on feeding behaviour, growth performance, and carcass characteristics

Abstract In a randomized complete block design, 59 Angus-cross finishing steers were used to evaluate the effects of benzoic acid, active dry Saccharomyces cerevisiae or a combination of both when supplemented in a high-grain finishing diet on feeding behavior, animal performance, and carcass characteristics. Steers were fed for 106 d (77% high-moisture corn, 16% alfalfa haylage, 6% soybean meal, 1% mineral and vitamin supplement with salt and limestone) containing: no supplementation (CON; n = 15), 0.5% benzoic acid (ACD; n = 14), 3 g/hd/d active dry S. cerevisiae (YST; n = 15), or both 0.5% benzoic acid and 3 g/hd/d S. cerevisiae (AY; n = 11). Every 14 d steers were weighed, and ultrasound images for rib and rump fat thickness were collected at the beginning, middle, and end of the experiment. Insentec feeding stations were used to collect individual animal feeding behaviour data and DMI throughout the study. Data were analyzed using PROC GLIMMIX of SAS with initial BW as a covariate. Benzoic acid supplementation increased (P = 0.002) overall DMI compared to YST and AY steers, which was due to faster eating rates for ACD steers (P ≤ 0.008). Individual animal DMI variation was greater (P = 0.001) for ACD and AY steers. Rumen pH was greater (P = 0.006) for ACD steers vs. CON and AY steers (6.16, 5.84, and 5.66, respectively). Growth performance measures were similar (P ≥ 0.11) between treatment groups. Aspartate aminotransferase concentrations in blood were greatest (P ≤ 0.01) for YST steers, which was reflected in greater proportions of abscessed livers at slaughter. Carcass characteristics did not differ (P ≥ 0.68) between treatment groups. The results from this experiment suggest that steers fed a high grain finishing diet supplemented with benzoic acid, Saccharomyces cerevisiae or both had similar growth performance and carcass characteristics as a control group. The addition of benzoic acid increased eating rate and elevated rumen pH, which was ultimately reflected in increased DMI.

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The effects of feeding benzoic acid and/or live active yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on beef cattle performance, feeding behaviour, and carcass characteristics

Translational Animal Science ◽

10.1093/tas/txab143 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

M S Williams ◽

I B Mandell ◽

B M Bohrer ◽

K M Wood

Keyword(s):

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽

Benzoic Acid ◽

Feeding Behaviour ◽

Carcass Characteristics ◽

Animal Performance ◽

Eating Rate ◽

Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Ruminal Ph ◽

Active Dry Yeast

Abstract Fifty-nine Angus-cross finishing steers were used to evaluate benzoic acid, active dry yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), or a combination of benzoic acid and active dry yeast when supplemented in a high-grain finishing diet on live animal performance, feeding behaviour, and carcass characteristics. Steers were fed a high-grain diet for the final 106 d of finishing. Treatments were; no additional supplementation (CON), 0.5% benzoic acid (ACD), 3 grams per head per day active dry S. cerevisiae (YST), or both 0.5% benzoic acid and 3 grams/head per day S. cerevisiae (AY). Steers were weighed every 14 d, and ultrasound was performed for rib and rump fat thickness at the beginning (d 1), middle (d 57), and end (d 99) of the experiment. Insert feeding stations were used to collect individual feeding behaviour data and DMI daily throughout. Blood samples were collected on d 21-22 and d 99-101 to assess plane of nutrition and metabolism. Ruminal fluid samples were collected by oral gavage 4 weeks prior to slaughter. Carcass characteristics were examined at a federally inspected slaughter facility. Data were analyzed using PROC GLIMMIX of SAS with initial body weight (BW) as a covariate. Benzoic acid supplementation increased (P = 0.002) overall dry matter intake (DMI) compared to YST and CON steers, which may be due to a faster eating rate (P ≤ 0.008). Animal performance parameters (BW, average daily gain, feed conversion, and ultrasound fat depth) were not different (P ≥ 0.11) among treatment groups. Aspartate aminotransferase concentration was greatest (P ≤ 0.01) for YST steers, which may have been reflected in numerically greater liver abscesses. Carcass traits did not differ (P ≥ 0.33) among treatment groups. Ruminal pH was greater (P = 0.006) for ACD steers than AY steers (pH of 6.16 vs. 5.66, respectively), which indicated that there may be an interactive effect between benzoic acid and active dry yeast. To summarize, steers fed a high-grain finishing diet supplemented with benzoic acid, active dry yeast, or both benzoic acid and active dry yeast had similar growth performance and carcass characteristics compared to those without supplementation. However, the addition of benzoic acid alone increased DMI, variation in DMI, eating rate, and ruminal pH. Future studies are warranted to further investigate the impacts of benzoic acid on the ruminal environment of feedlot cattle

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Effect of Probiotics on Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics in Broilers at Farmer’s Door

Advances in Research ◽

10.9734/air/2020/v21i530201 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Hemant Kumar ◽

Shikha Kumari

Keyword(s):

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Control Diet ◽

Carcass Characteristics ◽

Control Group ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Commercial Diet ◽

Group B

Aims: An experiment was conducted to investigate the comparative efficacy of two probiotics of different origins (yeast and bacterial based) on the growth performance and carcass characteristics of broilers chicken. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Purnea between January, 2020 to March, 2020. Methods: Two hundred and forty, day old chicks were kept and were randomly divided into 4 groups (A, B, C and D) and each group had 2 replicates of 20 chicks. Four (A, B, C and D) iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous (ME 3000 kcal/ kg and CP 21.56%) broiler starter and finisher (ME 3000 kcal/ kg and CP 18.75%) diets were formulated containing Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Bacillus cereus toyoi and mixture of both @ 0.2% except group A which was control. Birds were raised for first week on commercial diet. Broiler starter and finisher diets were fed from 8-28 and 29-42 days, respectively. Results: A significant (P<0.05) effect was observed on overall performance of the birds fed diet containing probiotics. Probiotics in feed at 0.2% Saccharomyces cerevisiae supplementation improved body weight gain (+12.7%), feed intake (3.8%) and feed conversion efficiency (-8.7%) compared with the control diet. Among groups, no significant differences were observed in carcass traits but highest dressing percentage was recorded in group-B followed by group-C than group-D and lowest in control group. Conclusion: The result indicated that the addition of probiotics in feed containing 0.2% Saccharomyces cerevisiae improved broiler growth performances and it is beneficial to be used as supplement in feed of broiler chickens.

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Effects of non-steroidal growth implant and dietary zilpaterol hydrochloride on growth and carcass characteristics of feedlot lambs

South African Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4314/sajas.v48i4.1 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 48 (4) ◽

pp. 601-608

Author(s):

E.C. Webb ◽

J Allen ◽

S.D. Morris

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

South African ◽

Meat Quality ◽

Carcass Characteristics ◽

Feed Additives ◽

Control Group ◽

Feed Supplementation ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Zilpaterol Hydrochloride ◽

Growth Implant

The effects of steroidal growth implants alone or in combination with β-adrenergic agonist feed additives have not been studied thoroughly in mutton sheep in South African feedlot conditions. This study investigated the effects of a non-steroidal growth implant zeranol (Ralgro®), alone or in combination with zilpaterol hydrochloride (Zilmax®), on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and selected meat quality traits in 160 SA Mutton Merino ram lambs fed in a commercial feedlot. The experimental design consisted of two Ralgro treatment groups x two Zilmax treatments x two Zilmax feeding periods x 20 animals per treatment group. Lambs were randomly allocated to eight treatment groups, of which one half were implanted with Ralgro after arrival, followed by feed supplementation with Zilmax at two Zilmax feeding periods during the finisher phase, compared with negative control treatments (e.g. no Ralgro or Zilmax; Ralgro + no Zilmax; or no Ralgro + Zilmax). All lambs were fed the grower ration traditionally used by the commercial feedlot, which contained 16.89% crude protein (CP) and 2.94 Mcal/kg dry matter (DM). Zilmax was supplemented in the feed at 40 mg per animal per day and fed for 18 days or 25 days, plus three days withdrawal. Lambs that did not receive the Zilmax treatment were fed the basal diet without Zilmax feed supplementation. Ralgro significantly increased average daily gains (ADG) and cold carcass mass (CCM) of lambs. Lambs supplemented with Zilmax during the finisher phase had higher ADG, greater CCM and increased dressing percentage by ca.1.1% compared with those in the control group. Lambs fed Zilmax for 25 days had higher CCM than those fed for 18 days. The duration of the Zilmax treatment also decreased hide weight, fat thickness and shear force values (tenderness). Zilmax increased ADG and CCM in lambs, particularly if combined with Ralgro implants during the growing phase. The results from this study indicate that the combination of Ralgro implants with Zilmax feed supplementation during the finisher phase had additive effects and increased ADG and CCM of feedlot lambs.Keywords: Growth performance, meat quality, South African Mutton Merino, sheep, Ralgro®, Zilmax®

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Effect of dietary supplementation of different levels of saccharomyces cerevisiae on growth performance and hematology in broiler

Indian Journal of Animal Research ◽

10.18805/ijar.b-695 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Kanwal Rafique ◽

Abdur Rahman ◽

Mubarik Mahmood

Keyword(s):

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽

Treatment Group ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Live Weight ◽

Feed Consumption ◽

Control Group ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Farm Economics ◽

Group D ◽

Different Levels

Present study was planned to highlight the effects of inclusion of different levels of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae (SC) in broiler feed, on growth performance, hematology and farm economics. One hundred and fifty, one day old broiler chicks (Hubbard) were divided into five groups; each group was subdivided into three replicates of 10 birds each. Starter (CP 20% and ME 2860 Kcal/Kg) and finisher (CP 18.75% and ME 3000 Kcal/Kg) diets were fortified with levels of SC at 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 g/Kg to prepare diets A, B, C, D and E respectively. Each dietary treatment was allotted to three replicates. Weight gain, feed consumption and feed conversion ratio improved significantly (p less than 0.05) as a result of feeding diet D containing 1.5 g/Kg SC in comparison to all other treatments. Dietary inclusion of SC significantly (P less tham 0.05) reduced the levels of blood glucose and cholesterol in the birds of all treated groups when compared to those of control group. Maximum reduction in glucose and cholesterol levels was observed in the birds of treatment group D using SC @ 1.5g/Kg diet as compared to those of other treatment groups. Values regarding hemoglobin, PCV and DLC of the birds remained unaffected by dietary inclusion of SC in all treatment groups. However, numerical values of Hb and PCV in the birds consuming diet supplemented with 1.5g/Kg SC were apparently higher than those of control group. The treatment group D using SC @ 1.5g/Kg proved to be cost effective and fetched more profit per kg live weight which positively affected the farm economics.

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Dietary purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) promotes the growth performance of broilers by modulation of gut microbiota

AMB Express ◽

10.1186/s13568-021-01190-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Cong Wang ◽

Qing Liu ◽

Fengchun Ye ◽

Hongbo Tang ◽

Yanpeng Xiong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gut Microbiota ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Scientific Basis ◽

Control Group ◽

Good Growth ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Illumina Hiseq ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Dietary Treatments

AbstractPurslane is a widespread wild vegetable with both medicinal and edible properties. It is highly appreciated for its high nutritional value and is also considered as a high-quality feed resource for livestock and poultry. In this study, Sanhuang broilers were used to investigate the effect of feeding purslane diets on the growth performance in broilers and their gut microbiota. A total of 48 birds with good growth and uniform weight were selected and randomly allocated to four treatment groups A (control), B, C and D. Dietary treatments were fed with basal diet without purslane and diets containing 1%, 2% and 3% purslane. The 16S rDNA was amplified by PCR and sequenced using the Illumina HiSeq platform to analyze the composition and diversity of gut microbiota in the four sets of samples. The results showed that dietary inclusion of 2% and 3% purslane could significantly improve the growth performance and reduce the feed conversion ratio. Microbial diversity analysis indicated that the composition of gut microbiota of Sanhuang broilers mainly included Gallibacterium, Bacteroides and Escherichia-Shigella, etc. As the content of purslane was increased, the abundance of Lactobacillus increased significantly, and Escherichia-Shigella decreased. LEfSe analysis revealed that Bacteroides_caecigallinarum, Lachnospiraceae, Lactobacillales and Firmicutes had significant differences compared with the control group. PICRUSt analysis revealed bacteria mainly enriched in carbohydrate metabolism pathway due to the additon of purslane in the diet. These results suggest that the addition of purslane to feed could increase the abundance of Lactobacillus in intestine, modulate the environment of gut microbiota and promote the metabolism of carbohydrates to improve its growth performance. This study indicates that the effect of purslane on the growth-promoting performance of broilers might depend on its modulation on gut microbiota, so as to provide a certain scientific basis for the application of purslane in the feed industry.

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Meat production from pigs which have farrowed. 2. Carcass characteristics

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s0003356100035078 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 123-131 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

P. H. Brooks ◽

D. J. A. Cole ◽

W. J. N. Jennings

Keyword(s):

Young Adult ◽

Meat Quality ◽

Adult Female ◽

Carcass Characteristics ◽

Live Weight ◽

Control Group ◽

Meat Production ◽

Large White ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Significant Difference

SUMMARYThe carcass characteristics of young adult female pigs (gilts) slaughtered after weaning their first litters have been investigated using three groups of 19 Landrace × (Landrace×Large White) gilts. In two treatment groups gilts were mated at their pubertal oestrus and suckled their piglets for 5 to 11 and 35 to 42 days respectively. These gilts were slaughtered on average 10 days after weaning. A third control group consisted of unmated gilts slaughtered at 118 kg live weight.There was no significant difference in the killing-out percentage for the three groups. The carcasses of the gilts which farrowed contained significantly less fat (P<0·001) than those of the unmated controls. The carcasses of the farrowed gilts had significantly lighter middle sections (P<0·001) and significantly heavier shoulders (P<0·001) than the controls.Despite the variations in tissue yield and distribution, the yield of prime joints for the gilts which had farrowed was only 0·62 percentage units less than that of the controls.No commercially significant variations between groups in meat quality were observed.

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Effect of chedu and mattha on growth performance of Murrah buffalo calves

Indian Journal of Animal Research ◽

10.18805/ijar.10273 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Ramesh Kumar ◽

Sanjay Kumar ◽

Jyoti Palod ◽

Himani Tewari ◽

Balwan Singh

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Health Status ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Research Work ◽

Experimental Period ◽

Control Group ◽

Buffalo Calves ◽

Early Puberty ◽

Murrah Buffalo ◽

Treatment Groups

The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of chedu and mattha on growth performance of Murrah buffalo calves. To assess the effect of chedu and mattha on growth rate, 20 growing buffalo calves of around 1 year of age and approximately of same weights were selected and were divided into 4 treatment groups having 5 animals in each group. The animals had access to ad libitum berseem hay as the basal roughage T0 (Control), T1 (Administration of mattha @ 2% of body weight with salt @ 0.5% of mattha), T2 (Application of chedu on their body @ 150 g per animal), T3 (Administration of mattha and application of chedu). Body weight of all buffalo calves was recorded at 15 days interval during the experimental period. From 75th day of experiment, significant effect (P<0.05) was observed in body weight, heart girth and height at withers of treatment groups as compared to control group whereas, body length and paunch girth showed significant effect (P<0.05) on 90th day of experiment. The results further indicated that use of chedu and mattha improved the health status of the calves and helped to attain a comparatively higher body weight and an early puberty. It can be concluded on the basis of findings of present research work that the use of chedu and mattha may be recommended for supplementation of calves’ diet, as it improves the health status of the calves and helps in the attainment of higher body weight and an early onset of puberty in the calves.

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Effect of Hibiscus seed-based diet on chemical composition,carcass characteristics and meat quality traits of cattle

Indian Journal of Animal Research ◽

10.18805/ijar.11458 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

G. M. Suliman ◽

S. A. Babiker ◽

H. M. Eichinger

Keyword(s):

Meat Quality ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Control Diet ◽

Carcass Characteristics ◽

Control Group ◽

Hibiscus Sabdariffa ◽

Linear Measurements ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Water Holding ◽

Color Components

This study investigated the effects of Hibiscus (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) seeds inclusion in diet of cattle. Fifty-five Sudan Baggara bulls were selected and divided into five treatment groups, and fed iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous experimental diets where groundnut cake was the source of protein in the control diet (0% Hibiscus seeds), while in the other experimental diets, Hibiscus seeds replaced groundnut at a rate of: 25, 50, 75, and 100%. The crude protein was significantly lower in the 100% group than in the control group, whereas muscle fat content was significantly lower in the 25, 75, and 100% groups than in the control group. There were no significant differences between the tested groups for the carcass linear measurements, but there were so for the redness and yellowness color components of the fat, water-holding capacity, and cooking loss. In conclusion, the growth performance and meat quality attributes of the cattle were improved as the level of Hibiscus seeds increased up to 75%, without any adverse effect.

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The effects of in ovo feeding of glutamine in broiler breeder eggs on hatchability, development of the gastrointestinal tract, growth performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens

Archives Animal Breeding ◽

10.5194/aab-59-235-2016 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 59 (2) ◽

pp. 235-242 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Mehdi Salmanzadeh ◽

Yahya Ebrahimnezhad ◽

Habib Aghdam Shahryar ◽

Jamshid Ghiasi Ghaleh-Kandi

Keyword(s):

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Carcass Characteristics ◽

Abdominal Fat ◽

Control Group ◽

Villus Height ◽

In Ovo ◽

Crypt Depth ◽

In Ovo Feeding

Abstract. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of in ovo feeding (IOF) of glutamine on hatchability, development of the gastrointestinal tract, growth performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens. Fertilized eggs were subjected to injections with glutamine (Gln) (10, 20, 30, 40 or 50 mg dissolved in 0.5 mL of dionized water) on day 7 of incubation. Hatchability, growth performance, carcass characteristics (carcass weight and relative weights of breast, thigh, heart, liver, gizzard, abdominal fat, intestine, pancreas and spleen) and jejunal morphometry (measurement of villus height and width and crypt depth) were determined during the experiment. The weight of newly hatched chickens was significantly greater in groups with Gln injection than in control and sham groups. But IOF caused lower hatchability than in the control group (non-injected eggs) (p < 0.05). Chickens from IOF of Gln showed better weight gain and feed conversion ratio (0–42 days of age), when compared to chickens hatched from control and sham groups. The IOF of Gln significantly increased villus height, villus width and crypt depth at hatch period and villus height at 42 days of age. In addition, carcass weights and relative weights of breast, thigh and gizzard were also markedly increased in chickens treated in ovo with Gln; whereas heart, liver, abdominal fat, intestine, pancreas and spleen were not significantly altered at the end of the experimental period. These data suggest that the IOF of Gln may improve jejunum development, leading to an increased nutrient assimilation and consequently to greater performance in broiler chickens.

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Supplementation with sodium butyrate improves rumen fermentation, antioxidant capability, and immune function in dairy calves before weaning

10.21203/rs.3.rs-25876/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Wenhui Liu ◽

A La Teng Zhu La ◽

Alexander Evans ◽

Shengtao Gao ◽

Zhongtang Yu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Body Weight ◽

Immune Function ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Sodium Butyrate ◽

Rumen Fluid ◽

Rumen Fermentation ◽

Control Group ◽

Quadratic Effect ◽

Treatment Groups

Abstract Background Short-chain fatty acids including butyrate have received increasing research interest as potential alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) in animal production. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of supplementation of sodium butyrate (SB) on the growth performance, rumen fermentation, antioxidant capacity, and immune response of calves before weaning. Healthy Holstein female calves (4-day-old; 40 ± 5 kg of body weight) were randomly allocated to 1 of 4 treatment groups (n = 10 per group). The control group was fed no SB (SB0), while the other groups were supplemented with 2% (SB2), 4% (SB4), or 6% (SB6) of SB/kg of dry matter. All calves were housed in individual hutches. Results The SB supplementation enhanced growth rate and improved feed conversion into body weight gain compared with the SB0 group. At 60 days of age, the rumen fluid pH increases quadratically with increased SB supplementation, and the ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) concentration of rumen fluid in the treatment groups were significantly lower than that of the SB0 group. There was a quadratic effect that indicated that the SB4 treatment was most effective in reducing the NH3-N concentration. The concentration of volatile fatty acids and Acetic: Propionic in rumen fluid were not affected by SB in any groups. At 28 days of age, the serum level of maleic dialdehyde of the SB groups was significantly lower than that of the control group, and the glutathione peroxidase activity in the serum of group SB4 was significantly increased compared with the that of the control group. At 28 days of age, SB had a quadratic effect on serum immunoglobulin A concentration, with the greatest increase being observed in group SB4. At 60 days of age, the serum immunoglobulin G concentration increased linearly as SB levels increased. Conclusions Under the conditions of this study, there were positive effects of SB supplementation on growth performance, rumen fermentation, antioxidant ability, and immune function in calves before weaning. We recommended 4% as the optimal SB supplementation level to improve growth, antioxidant and immune function of calves before weaning.

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