Cartoon Images on E-juice Labels: A Descriptive Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 1909-1911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher M Seitz ◽  
Muhsin Michael Orsini ◽  
Grace Jung ◽  
Kate Butler
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
The Body ◽  
Electronic Cigarette ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract Introduction Although previous studies have found cartoons in electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) advertisements, social media posts, and a small sample of labels, there has yet to be an analysis of cartoons located on the labels attached to bottles of e-juice (the solution that contains nicotine and other chemicals). As such, the objective of this study was to analyze the prevalence and types of cartoons on e-juice labels. Methods Two researchers independently analyzed the presence and types of cartoons on the labels of e-juice flavors available on eliquid.com. Based on the Master Settlement Agreement’s definition of a cartoon, the cartoons were placed into five categories: (1) comically exaggerated people, (2) comically exaggerated animals, (3) comically exaggerated creatures, (4) anthropomorphic creatures, or (5) extra-human creatures. Results There was a total of 1587 brands that offered 7135 e-juice products. Of those, 311 brands (19%) offered 1359 products (19%) that contained cartoons on the e-juice labels. From the labels that contained cartoons, 790 (58%) were of comically exaggerated people, 247 (18%) were of anthropomorphic creatures, 212 (16%) were of comically exaggerated animals, 73 (5%) were of comically exaggerated creatures, and 37 (3%) were of extra-human creatures Conclusions Given the previous success of Joe Camel on youth tobacco use, the prevalence of cartoon images found in this study is noteworthy. In addition, the number of brands that had cartoons on e-juice labels indicates that this issue is pervasive among businesses that sell e-juice. Implications This study adds to the body of knowledge on this topic by describing a concerning number of cartoons located on e-juice labels, indicating a need for policy that prohibits the use of cartoon images in e-cigarette packaging.

Web 2.0

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 17-32
Author(s):  
Sumarie Roodt ◽  
Roberto Viola
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Web 2.0 ◽  
Business Models ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
User Centric ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
The Way

With the emergence of Web 2.0, new online trends and technologies will continually emerge and play an increasingly important role in the way businesses operate. As Web 2.0 has revolutionised the internet by shifting from a published web to a user centric, user-generated web, businesses needed to understand how to change and adapt in order to benefit from these changes. This paper analyses organisations across a variety of industries, in order to determine how Web 2.0 is influencing the way companies conduct business – how they benefit, and what the advantages and disadvantages are. The authors will try to determine whether the traditional business models are changing or simply evolving through the utilisation of Web 2.0 technologies. This research contributes to the body of knowledge regarding the use of social media in commercial organisations.

Organisations' conversations in social media: applying dialogue strategies in times of crises

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefania Romenti ◽  
Grazia Murtarelli ◽  
Chiara Valentini
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Crisis Communication ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Crisis Response ◽  
The Body ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Crisis Communications ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Response Strategies ◽  
Body Of Knowledge

Purpose – The aim of this paper is to develop and test a theoretical framework, grounded in managerial and organisational theories of dialogue, through which organisations can take decisions in relation to the most appropriate crisis response strategies for handling social media stakeholders. Design/methodology/approach – The theoretical framework is developed through a conceptual analysis of literature on dialogue, social media and crisis communication. The theoretical framework is then tested in eight different international organisations experiencing a crisis. For each case, different web contents, such as organisations' status updates/posts, links, videos published on Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube, were analysed using a rhetorical research approach. Findings – The analysed organisations apply different online dialogue strategies according to crisis types and in combination with specific crisis response strategies. Most of the organisations investigated carry on those dialogue strategies suitable to develop consensus (concertative), guide conversations on specific topics or issues (framing), find solutions to the crisis collectively (transformative). Concertative strategies were often associated with informative crisis response strategies, framing strategies with denial and justification crisis response strategies and transformative strategies with corrective actions. Research limitations/implications – By using a dialogic perspective in setting up online conversations with their external stakeholders, the paper proposes a theoretical model to explain companies' decisions in carrying on online dialogues during critical situations and thus contribute to the body of knowledge on online crisis communications. Practical implications – The proposed model can support crisis communicators to manage dialogue's aims and dimensions differently by taking into account both contextual and situational conditions. Originality/value – By integrating management studies on dialogue into crisis communication and social media literature, the authors intend to offer an alternative thinking of organisations' decision-making in relation to crisis response strategies and social media stakeholders.

scholarly journals Demographic Differences and Perceived Engagement among Islamic Banking Employees in Malaysia

2018 ◽  
pp. 246-249
Keyword(s):  
Employee Engagement ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
The Body ◽  
Work Place ◽  
Demographic Differences ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Selection Of

A successful of employee engagement strategy will not only create good employee at workplace but also the community at a work place. Employees form an emotional connection with the company when they are effectively and positively engage with their organization. Their attitude effects both their colleagues and company’s client and improves customer satisfaction. Studies have highlighted the importance of demographics factors such as gender in ensuring highly engage employee. This paper explores the individual differs across three parameters as gender, age and educational background. Significant variations are observed across employees of various age and qualifications. One- way analysis of variance (ANOVA) is used for descriptive analysis on demographic variables. Data was collected from 200 employees of 13 Islamic banks in Malaysia. The research has made significant contributions to the body of knowledge at academic levels by extending knowledge regarding the effects of demographic differences on employee attitude and behaviour.The key findings of this research suggest that the organisations and managers need to understand the differences of demographics factors on engagement. So that, the potential effectiveness the selection of strategies and the development of employees may be conducted more effectively.

scholarly journals The scientific building blocks for business coaching: A literature review

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Flip Schutte ◽  
Renier Steyn
Keyword(s):  
Leadership Development ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Academic Discipline ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
The Body ◽  
Business Coaching ◽  
Academic Field ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Definition Of

Orientation: Business coaching is a relatively new approach to leadership development. It is also slowly growing as an academic discipline with only a small number of active researchers and a dearth of published literature reviews.Research purpose: This article is an investigation into the current level of development of the body of knowledge related to business coaching by means of a systematic literature review.Motivation of the study: Previous literature reviews summarised the available published articles. In order to contribute to establishing business coaching as an independent academic discipline, the building blocks for science in the phenomenon under investigation have to be scientifically not only summarised, but also synthesised and explored to ground this new discipline as an academic field of research.Research design, approach and method: A methodological framework has been developed to analyse the information. The data were synthesised according to the following building blocks for science: concepts, definitions, typologies, models, theories and paradigms.Main findings: A total of 84 articles were accessed by the specified search strategy and 36 were analysed according to inclusive and exclusive criteria. Although coaching has not been sufficiently developed as an academic discipline, it is possible to develop a comprehensive definition of coaching, as well as to identify the main models and theories that apply to this field.Practical/managerial implications: This literature review has synthesised and summarised the available data in such a way that it will contribute to the conceptualisation and foundation of business coaching as an academic discipline.Contribution: The building blocks for business coaching as a relatively new and emerging science within the field of business leadership have been defined. This will contribute to the articulation of concepts within this discipline by future researchers and practitioners.

A toolkit for women: the mis(sed) management of gender in resource industries

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 802-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dean Laplonge
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
The Body ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Human Practice ◽  
Definition Of

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to show the extent to which work on how to manage gender in resource industries fails to draw on the body of knowledge which explores gender in the workplace. Design/methodology/approach – This paper explores the efficacy of a recently published toolkit within the context of the current debate about gender in resource industries (such as mining, and oil and gas). Findings – The Australian Human Rights Commission’s toolkit speaks to this debate, but fails to analyse existing strategies to deal with the “gender problem”; it simply repeats them as successful examples of what to do. The authors of the toolkit also fail to ask a question which is fundamental to the success of any intervention into gender: what is the definition of “gender” on which the work is based? Originality/value – The debate about gender in resource industries fails to take into consideration contemporary ideas about gender as they have appeared in academic research and human practice.

scholarly journals An empirical investigation of banks employees’ interactions and workflow influence during social media advent: a case study of two commercial banks

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 90-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khulekani Yakobi
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Team Management ◽  
Body Of Knowledge

The primary aim of this study is to investigate commercial banks employee’s interactions in the advent and eminence of social media, thus, depict the major influence which is made by social media in two commercial banks (ABSA and Standard Bank) workflow. This study has employed a quantitative research approach whereby structured questionnaires were distributed respectively to two commercial banks’ employees. A self-developed and administered questionnaire was distributed to a population size of 194 employees with 102 returned and completed successfully, thereby generating a response rate of 53%. Findings in this study revealed the extent to which social media has changed workflow in commercial banks (54% agree, 23% were undecided, and 24% disagreed). Among other major findings that this study reflected, social media among commercial banks employees’ has totally transformed channels of communication (60% agreed, 25% were undecided, and 24% disagreed). Despite the positive advancements revealed in this study, social media has not allowed openness of emotions among commercial banks employees’ (49% agreed, 28% were undecided, and 24% disagreed). This study is expected to contribute to the body of knowledge, as there is a paucity of published studies on commercial banks employee’s interactions in the advent of social media. This study will also help the bank managers to intensify online team management and supervision. Keywords: collaboration, communications, employees’ emotions, human interaction, supervision, team management. JEL Classification: G21, M30, M54

Understanding consumer’s showrooming behaviour

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 409-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sourabh Arora ◽  
Kunal Singha ◽  
Sangeeta Sahney
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
The Body ◽  
Multiple Channels ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Partial Least Squares Method

Purpose Recent multichannel research suggests that consumers use multiple channels to reap attribute-based benefits which have led to showrooming phenomenon. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the reasons for consumers’ showrooming behaviour and propose a comprehensive model based on application and extension of the “Theory of planned behaviour”. Design/methodology/approach Using the probability sampling approach, 278 complete responses were obtained via web-based surveys for analysing the showrooming behaviour. The research model was tested using the “Partial least squares method” which follows a variance-based structural equation modelling approach. Findings The results of the study indicate that “touching and feeling the product” and “sales staff assistance” motivated customers to visit the physical store before buying online. “Better online service quality” and “lower prices online” induced customers to later purchase online. Price conscious customers and those with the ability to use multiple channels were more likely to engage in showrooming behaviour. Research limitations/implications The generalization of the findings may be limited because the data were collected from a small sample size. The subject calls for more extensive research for drawing generalizations due to lack of the substantive literature on the core area of study. Practical implications The model proposed will help retailers in understanding the showrooming phenomenon which recent researchers have considered as a threat to retail. The study provides basis for devising strategies to defend showrooming customers. Originality/value This paper adds to the body of knowledge in retailing by proposing a model on showrooming which is an emerging area of research in the present retail landscape.

Assessing the Possible Relationship between the Sentiment of Church-related Tweets and Church Growth

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony-Paul Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Church Growth ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
The Body ◽  
Social Media Data ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Media Data

This article examines the possible relationship between the sentiment of church-related tweets and church growth. It finds that within the sample of tweets analysed, there is a statistically significant relationship between the sentiment of a church-related tweet and the presence of church growth in the geographical area from which the tweet was posted. This work builds on the body of knowledge surrounding church growth and decline in the United Kingdom, by seeking to better understand how new sources of data, in this case freely available social media data, can be used to gain a better understanding of the behaviours of churches which regularly form, merge, move, split and close.

scholarly journals The Influence of Instagram Influencers’ Activity on Green Consumption Behavior

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Sanaz Saghati Jalali ◽  
Haliyana Binti Khalid
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Word Of Mouth ◽  
The Body ◽  
Green Consumption ◽  
Consumption Behavior ◽  
Perceived Credibility ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Consumption Behaviour ◽  
The Impact

Nowadays, environmental problems are rising due to the individuals’ consumption behaviour, which necessitates serious attention. Consumers gradually become aware of the effect of their consumption behaviour on the environment and make a difference. Social media, particularly Instagram, play a major role in increasing awareness and promoting environmentally friendly behaviour. Hence, it is crucial to investigate the impact of Instagram on green consumption intention, which is the best predictor of behaviour. By reviewing the existing literature, the current study develops a conceptual model regarding the effect of Instagram influencers’ green activity on followers’ intention. As the model proposes, green attitude and green consumption intention are shaped among followers by the Instagram influencers’ green concern, green photo content, and green word of mouth (WOM). Additionally, it is proposed that the perceived credibility of followers moderated the link between green WOM and green consumption intention. The study contributes to the body of knowledge by developing a new model that helps identify green consumption intention determinants.

scholarly journals The Influence of Cognitive Image on Tourist Loyalty: A Study of Foreign Tourists Visiting Tirana City

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Irisi Kasapi ◽  
Ines Nurja
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modelling ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Image Data ◽  
The Body ◽  
Destination Image ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Equation Modelling ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This paper attempts to shed light on the concepts of cognitive and affective image and investigate the effects of destination image on tourist loyalty, though one of the aforementioned aspects of destination image. Data was collected using the convenience sampling method. After a review of the most crucial places where foreign visitors could turn into during their stay in Tirana, there were identified a few attractive interception points. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was used to test the hypotheses constructed. SPSS 20.0 statistical package was employed in this particular study for the descriptive analysis of the sample, while LISREL 9.30 was used for structural equation modelling. The results of the study showed that cognitive image had a direct and significant influence on affective image, explaining in this way the formation process of the destination image concept. Moreover, when examining the relationship between destination image and tourist loyalty it was found out that cognitive image had a direct influence on tourist loyalty. The results of the study prove to be beneficial both at an empirical and practical level. As a matter of fact, it does not only provide insightful information for tourism operators and policy-makers, but it also contributes in the body of knowledge of the country where the study takes place.

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