Understanding, Managing, and Communicating Credit Fundamentals

2021 ◽  
pp. 119-140
Author(s):  
Christine R. Martell ◽  
Tima T. Moldogaziev ◽  
Salvador Espinosa
Keyword(s):  
Capital Market ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Credit Ratings ◽  
Informational Content ◽  
Quality Information ◽  
Credit Quality ◽  
Governance Institutions ◽  
The City

This chapter probes the informational content of city credit ratings: what the credit ratings are, why city policymakers should care about credit ratings, and how city policymakers may evaluate credit ratings and make use of their informational content. By explicitly showcasing 12 cities from different contexts, this chapter conducts a comparative evaluation of core credit quality fundamentals for these cases. This analysis looks at the economic, fiscal, debt and financial management, and governance factors that policymakers may leverage to proactively manage the city’s underlying credit quality. It asks: How can policymakers manage city credit fundamentals to leverage access to capital market options? What are the elements of credit quality information that city policymakers may signal? What can city policymakers do to improve their agency? The results give tools to city policymakers to announce their market readiness, regardless of, and perhaps even undeterred by, the context of governance institutions in which the city is nested.

Information Resolution, Information Content, and City Debt

2021 ◽  
pp. 77-118
Author(s):  
Christine R. Martell ◽  
Tima T. Moldogaziev ◽  
Salvador Espinosa
Keyword(s):  
Information Content ◽  
Credit Ratings ◽  
Quality Information ◽  
Debt Structure ◽  
Market Activity ◽  
Credit Quality ◽  
The City ◽  
Debt Levels

This chapter furthers an understanding of how information resolution relates to borrowing and debt composition at the city level. The study examines the role of credit ratings, as well as the key informational components of credit quality, for city borrowing levels and debt structure. The informational components of credit quality include economic, fiscal, debt and financial, and governance factors. This chapter evaluates city debt for the largest cities in select countries with SNG market activity across the globe by asking: What debt levels do cities have, and what is the composition of that debt? How does information resolution, both information resolution institutions and the underlying components of credit quality information assessment, influence subnational-level borrowing?

A theoretical framework of the governance institutions of low-income housing in China

Urban Studies ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (9) ◽  
pp. 1967-1982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Deng
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Rental Housing ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Public Rental Housing ◽  
Governmental Intervention ◽  
Governance Institutions ◽  
The City ◽  
Important Form ◽  
Low Income Housing

This paper develops a theoretical framework for institutional analysis of the governance of low-income housing in the city. I focus on the provision of local public goods as a central issue for low-income housing. Factors that affect the governance structure from the efficiency perspective and the equity perspective, respectively, are explored. I argue that over-subsidisation is an important problem for income-redistribution institutions and, hence, public housing or social housing becomes an important form of governmental intervention in low-income housing. The framework is then applied to low-income housing in China. In particular, I analyse the governance structures of several major types of low-income housing including public rental housing, private low-income housing, work-unit compound and urban village.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PELAKSANAAN MANAJEMEN PEMUSATAN PENDIDIKAN DAN LATIHAN OLAHRAGA BAGI PUSAT PEMBINAAN LATIHAN MAHASISWA (PPLM) CABANG OLAHRAGA TARUNG DERAJAT KOTA BANDA ACEH

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-89
Author(s):  
Munzir ◽  
Irfandi
Keyword(s):  
College Student ◽  
Organizational Structure ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Management Training ◽  
Training Center ◽  
Training Development ◽  
Student Training ◽  
Development Center ◽  
The City ◽  
Banda Aceh

This study aims to: (1) Determine the organizational structure of the Banda Aceh City Training Center (PPLM) fighting class (2) Know the stages of the process carried out in the recruitment of athletes at the Banda Aceh City Level Training Center for Students Training (3) Knowing management of facilities and infrastructure in supporting the achievements of athletes of the Center for Student Training Development (PPLM) fighting the Banda Aceh City. (4) Knowing the implementation of financial management in the Center for the Training of Student Training (PPLM) fighting the Banda Aceh City degree. (5) Knowing the implementation of the management training of the Tarung College Student Training Development Center (PPLM). The study was conducted at the Central Training Center for Student Training (PPLM) fighting in the city of Banda Aceh. This research uses descriptive qualitative method. The unit of analysis is the Central Training Center for Student Training (PPLM) fighting in the city of Banda Aceh. (1) Organizational Structure of the Center for Training of Students Training (PPLM) fighting in the city of Banda Aceh has been good which already has elements of the organization that continues to strive to facilitate athletes to excel. (2) The process of recruiting athletes has been carried out well because it is very selective and in accordance with the criteria / marking as determined by the standards of the Ministry of Youth and Sports of the Republic of Indonesia (3) The implementation of facilities and infrastructure management is not good, this is because the supporting media for PPLM athlete facilities is not yet complete and only utilize what is there. (4) The implementation of financial management has been carried out well because it is in accordance with their respective portions. (5) The implementation of training management in the Tarung College Student Training Development Center (PPLM) has been going well. Considering the allocation of funds from the APBN and ABPD which is limited to each year, so that management only maximizes in accordance with the allocation of existing funds. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan: (1) Mengetahui struktur organisasi Pusat Pembinaan Latihan Mahasiswa (PPLM) tarung derajat Kota Banda Aceh (2) Mengetahui proses tahapan yang dilakukan dalam perekrutan atlet di Pusat Pembinaan Latihan Mahasiswa (PPLM) tarung derajat Kota Banda Aceh (3) Mengetahui manajemen sarana dan prasarana dalam mendukung prestasi atlet Pusat Pembinaan Latihan Mahasiswa (PPLM) tarung derajat Kota Banda Aceh. (4) Mengetahui pelaksanaan manajemen keuangan di Pusat Pembinaan Latihan Mahasiswa (PPLM) tarung derajat Kota Banda Aceh. (5) Mengetahui pelaksanaan manajemen latihan Pusat Pembinaan Latihan Mahasiswa (PPLM) tarung derajat Kota Banda Aceh. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Balai Pusat Pembinaan Latihan Mahasiswa (PPLM) tarung derajat Kota Banda Aceh. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode diskriptif kualitatif. Unit analisisnya adalah Balai Pusat Pembinaan Latihan Mahasiswa (PPLM) tarung derajat Kota Banda Aceh. (1) Struktur Organisasi Pusat Pembinaan Latihan Mahasiswa (PPLM) tarung derajat Kota Banda Aceh sudah sudah baik dimana sudah memiliki unsur-unsur organisasi yang terus berupaya memfasilitasi atlet untuk berprestasi. (2) Proses perekrutan atlet sudah dilaksanakan dengan baik karena sangat selektif dan sudah sesuai dengan kriteria/ bencmarking sebagaimana yang ditentukan oleh standar Kemenpora Republik Indonesia (3) Pelaksanaan manajemen sarana dan prasarana kurang baik, hal ini dikarenakan media pendukung fasilitas atlet PPLM belum lengkap sepenuhnya dan hanya memanfaatkan apa yang ada saja. (4) Pelaksanaan manajemen keuangan telah dilaksanakan dengan baik karena sudah sesuai dengan porsinya masing-masing. (5) Pelaksanaan manajemen latihan di Pusat Pembinaan Latihan Mahasiswa (PPLM) tarung derajat Kota Banda Aceh sudah berjalan dengan baik. Mengingat alokasi dana dari APBN dan ABPD yang terbatas pada setiap tahunnya, sehingga pengelolaan hanya memaksimalkan sesuai dengan alokasi dana yang ada. Kata Kunci:   Pelaksanaan Manajemen PPLM, Struktur Organisasi, Perekrutan Atlet, Manajemen Sarana Prasarana Manajemen Keuangan Dan Latihan

scholarly journals PENGARUH DANA BAGI HASIL DAN INFRASTRUKTUR TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI KOTA MANADO

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Franklien Senduk ◽  
Daisy S.M. Engka ◽  
George M.V. Kawung
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Revenue Sharing ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Regional Finance ◽  
Development Paradigm ◽  
The City

ABSTRAK Keuangan Daerah adalah semua hak dan kewajiban Daerah yang dapat dinilai dengan uang serta segala sesuatu berupa uang dan barang yang berhubungan dengan pelaksanaan hak dan kewajiban Daerah. Semangat desentralisasi yang melimpahkan kewenangan pengelolaan keuangan kepada pemerintah daerah,  khususnya tingkat kota atau kabupaten membuat daerah mencari cara mendapatkan pendapatan daerah yang sah untuk mendukung program pembangunan dalam bentuk Infrastruktur untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat, di tengah gencarnya program pembangunan perekonomian di berbagai sektor, sehingga berimplikasi kepada pembangunan yang berkelanjutan dan berdampak luas pada penambahan pendapatan masyarakat sehingga pertumbuhan ekonomi meningkat secara positif . Perangkat Daerah yang terkait di dalam proses penerimaan daerah di pacu untuk meningkatkan peluang penerimaan daerah dari semua sektor pendapatan daerah. dengan paradigma pembangunan berkelanjutan (sustainable development) yang harus diimplementasikan oleh pemerintah daerah. Fakta empiris (empirical evidents) menunjukkan penerapan otonomi  daerah  memberi keleluasaan kepada daerah untuk  mendapatkan sumber sumber pendapatan yang sah seperti pajak dalam bentuk Dana Bagi Hasil baik dari Pemerintah Pusat maupun Pemerintah Provinsi dan retribusi daerah dengan luasnya kewenangan pemerintah daerah. Kata kunci : Dana Bagi Hasil, Infrastruktur dan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi                                                                       ABSTRACT                                                               Regional Finance is all Regional rights and obligations that can be valued with money and everything in the form of money and goods related to the implementation of the rights and obligations of the Region. The spirit of decentralization that delegated financial management authority to local governments, especially at the city or district level, made the regions look for ways to obtain legitimate regional revenues to support development programs in the form of infrastructure to improve community welfare amid the intense economic development programs in various sectors, thus implicating development sustainable and have a broad impact on increasing community income so that economic growth increases positively. Regional Apparatus that is related to the process of regional revenue is encouraged to increase the opportunities for regional revenues from all regional income sectors. with a sustainable development paradigm that must be implemented by the regional government. Empirical evidence shows the application of regional autonomy which gives freedom to the regions to obtain legitimate sources of income such as taxes in the form of Revenue Sharing Funds from both the Central and Provincial Governments and regional retributions with the broad authority of the regional government. Keywords: Revenue Sharing Funds, Infrastructure and Economic Growth

Information Resolution and Subnational Capital Markets

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine R. Martell ◽  
Tima T. Moldogaziev ◽  
Salvador Espinosa
Keyword(s):  
Capital Markets ◽  
Capital Market ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Financial Sector ◽  
External Resources ◽  
Credit Quality ◽  
Infrastructure Finance

This book theorizes that information is a critical factor for subnational government (SNG) capital market formation and development. It empirically tests the stated relationship between information resolution institutions and mechanisms of information resolution on SNG borrowing. Based on empirical results, analyses of underlying fundamentals of city credit quality, and the study of contexts of information resolution reforms, the book recommends policy measures for central governments, regional and local governments, and financial sector firms to build capital markets for subnational borrowing. As subnational governments across the globe, especially cities, bear increasing pressures to provide critical capital infrastructure, responsibilities for the provision of local infrastructure resulting from decentralization efforts and population demands, the need for a wider array of internal and external resources, including bond market alternatives, become a priority. With information resolution, access to capital market financing becomes a feasible option of regional and local government finance. The evidence reported in this book demonstrates that SNG access to capital market financing depends on credit contractibility, which is the nation’s capacity of information resolution. The bases of credit contractibility are transparency of credit information, depth of credit information, dissemination, and regulatory quality. Evidence also shows that the informational content of underlying credit quality is a significant covariate of city-level borrowing and debt composition. Based on empirical findings and focusing on cities, the book argues that SNGs can and should strengthen their agency vis-à-vis the public and financial sector actors, in an environment where global capital is increasingly intertwined with the provision of critical infrastructure finance. Agency is necessary for city policymakers not only to achieve their key governance tasks efficiently, but do so effectively and equitably, consistent with the demands of the citizenry.

Efficiency of Liquidity Management in Indian Tyre Industry

2014 ◽  
pp. 362-382
Author(s):  
Pratap Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Capital Market ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Financial Statement ◽  
Working Capital ◽  
Statistical Tools ◽  
Liquidity Management ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Manufacturing Sectors ◽  
Tools And Techniques ◽  
Tyre Industry

It is unanimously accepted that liquidity management is a very important facet of financial management in any kind of business. An overall control over liquidity of the firm can only ensure a smooth running of its business wheel. Like other manufacturing sectors in India, the Indian tyre industry has been facing fierce challenges due to intensified competition in the marketplace as a result of Liberalization, Privatization, and Globalization (LPG). In this backdrop, an attempt has been made to study the efficiency of working capital in maintaining liquidity of Indian tyre industry during the period 1998-99 to 2007-08. The data for the period from 1998-99 to 2007-08 used in this chapter have been collected from the Capitaline Corporate Database, the official of Capital Market Publishers (India) Ltd., Mumbai. While carrying out this study, suitable measures relating to financial statement analysis as well as relevant statistical tools and techniques have been applied at appropriate places. The overall findings of the study indicate that there was no proper trade-off between liquidity and profitability in the selected tyre companies during the study period.

Financial management of Kashima Rinkai specified sewage works

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 173-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Ochiai ◽  
T. Igarashi ◽  
H. Iseki ◽  
H. Seya ◽  
S. Matsui
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Steel Industry ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Industrial Zone ◽  
Industrial Wastewaters ◽  
Livestock Feeds ◽  
Northern Side ◽  
The City

The Kashima Rinkai Specified Sewage Works (KRSSW) is located at the northern side of the Kashima Coastal Industrial Zone, facing the Sea of Kashimanada (Pacific Ocean). It straddles one city and two townships: the city of Kashima, which boasts Kashima Port, a transportation center that was constructed on Kashimanada Beach by digging into the virgin sands, and the towns of Kamisu and Hasaki. The industries located there include steel, petrochemicals, chemicals, foodstuffs, livestock feeds, electric power and machinery metals. Industrial wastewaters with public sewage, except steel industry, are treated by the Fukashiba Treatment Plant which is managed by the Ibaraki Prefectural Government. The financial management of KRSSW is analysed to show its stand-alone condition.

scholarly journals Fiscal Discipline and the Successful Completion of Municipal Projects: The Case of City of Tshwane

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Taola Simon Shai ◽  
Zeleke Worku ◽  
Mammo Muchie
Keyword(s):  
Financial Services ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Municipal Finance ◽  
Probit Regression ◽  
Successful Completion ◽  
Fiscal Discipline ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Finance Management ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
The City

Kaiser, Crother, Kelly, Luiselli, O’Shea, Ota, Passos, Schleip and Wuster (2013) have shown the relationship between fiscal discipline and the successful completion of municipal projects in Sub-Saharan African countries. The study aims to assess and evaluate the degree of fiscal discipline exercised by employees of the City of Tshwane on municipal finance. Financial practitioners working in the City of Tshwane are required to comply with regulations and guidelines stipulated in the South African Municipal Finance Management Act (Act number 56 of 2003). Data was collected from a stratified random sample of 146 employees of the City of Tshwane who were responsible for providing financial services to customers. Data was collected by using a structured, pre-tested and validated questionnaire of study. Statistical methods such as frequency tables, cross-tab analyses and ordered probit regression were used for performing data analyses. Efficiency in financial management was assessed by assessing the degree of adherence of employees to the Municipal Finance Management Act (MFMA) based on a composite index defined by Kaiser, Crother, Kelly, Luiselli, O’Shea, Ota, Passos, Schleip & Wuster (2013). The study showed that 89% of the 146 employees who were selected for the study demonstrated adequate adherence to the Act, whereas 11% of employees failed to do so by the same standards. The study found that the degree of adherence of employees to the MFMA was significantly influenced by 3 factors. These 3 factors were degree of skills in financial accounting and auditing, duration of service, and degree of job satisfaction, in a decreasing order of strength. The results indicated a robust association between fiscal discipline and the successful completion of municipal projects.  

THE STRATEGY TO ENHANCE THE SHARIAH FINANCIAL LITERACY AND INCLUSION IN INDONESIA (Case Study at Financial Services Authority Office in The City of Malang)

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Ma’rufa Khotiawan ◽  
Muhammad Luthfiansyah
Keyword(s):  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
National Strategy ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Know How ◽  
The Government ◽  
The City

<p>The<strong> </strong>results of the survey of literacy and Financial Inclusion Shari'ah in Indonesia 2016 each show numbers 8.11 %  and 11.06 %. Whereas the inhabitants of the religion of Islam in Indonesia more than 85%. With this then needs to be formulated strategies that can increase the level of literacy and financial inclusion shari'ah in Indonesia. The importance of literacy improvement and Financial Inclusion Shari'ah to improve the behavior of the community in financial management and to improve the welfare of them. So that priorities are intended to know how the strategy applied to increasing literacy and Financial Inclusion Shari'ah. This research uses qualitative research method with the approach of the case study. The results of this research are some government policy that is contained in the form of National Strategy for Financial Literacy Indonesia (SNLKI) to improve financial literacy Shari'ah and inclusive Financial National Strategy (SNKI) to improve financial inclusion. But the next research needs to examined and monitored about various programs to increase shari'a literacy and financial inclusion is doing by the government.</p><strong>Keywords: </strong>Sharia Financial Literacy, Sharia Financial Inclusion, the strategy.

scholarly journals ANALISIS SISTEM DAN PROSEDUR PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN DAERAH DI KOTA BITUNG

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erick Ricky Tambun ◽  
Rosalina A.M Koleangan ◽  
Vekie A. Rumate
Keyword(s):  
Financial Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
City Government ◽  
Research System ◽  
Slowing Down ◽  
Second Amendment ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Financial Management System ◽  
The Government ◽  
The City

ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ialah bagaimana Sistem  dan Prosedur Pengelolaan Keuangan Daerah di Kota Bitung sudah dilaksanakan sesuai Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor  13  tahun  2006  tentang Pedoman Pengelolaan Keuangan Daerah sebagaimana yang telah diubah dengan Permendagri No. 59 Tahun2007 dan Permendagri No. 21 Tahun 2011 tentang perubahan kedua atas permendagri no 13 Tahun 2006. Bagaimana hambatan  pelaksanaan Sistem dan Prosedur Pengelolaan Keuangan Daerah di Kota Bitung. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah Data yang dikumpulkan selanjutnya diolah dan kemudian dianalisis secara Deskriptif dengan menggunakan analisis data komparatif. Hasil penelitian  Sistem dan prosedur pengelolaan keuangan daerah pada Pemerintah Kota Bitung, khususnya penatausahaan penerimaan, penatausahaan pengeluaran dan penatausahaan pertanggungjawaban, dokumen-dokumen yang digunakan serta batas waktu pengajuan SPP, penerbitan SPM, penerbitan SP2D, penolakan penerbitan SPM, penolakan penerbitan SP2D serta penyampaian laporan pertanggungjawaban (SPJ) dilaksanakan oleh Pemerintah Kota Bitung. Sistem dan prosedur penatausahaan pengeluaran tidak sesuai dengan Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 13 Tahun 2006 sebagaimana yang telah diubah dengan Permendagri No. 59 Tahun 2007 belum sepenuhnya dilaksanakan pada Pemerintah Kota Bitung. Kurangnya pengetahuan dan pemahaman tentang penatausahaan pengeluaran yaitu prosedur, dokumen yang digunakan dan batas waktu penerbitan SPM, dan SP2D oleh Pejabat Pengelola Keuangan, mengakibatkan proses penerbitan SP2D terlambat sehingga memperlambat juga proses pencairan dana. Kata Kunci : Sistem  dan Prosedur Pengelolaan Keuangan Daerah ABSTRACT The research objective is how the Regional Financial Management System and Procedure in Bitung City has been carried out in accordance with Minister of Home Affairs Regulation No. 13 of 2006 concerning Guidelines for Regional Financial Management as amended by Permendagri No. 59 of 2007 and Permendagri No. 21 of 2011 concerning the second amendment to Permendagri no 13 of 2006. What are the obstacles to the implementation of the Regional Financial Management System and Procedure in Bitung City. The analysis technique used is the data collected then processed and then analyzed descriptively using comparative data analysis. The results of the research system and procedures for regional financial management in the Bitung City Government, especially administration of revenues, administration of expenses and administration of accountability, documents used and deadlines for submission of SPP, issuance of SPM, issuance of SP2D, rejection of SPM issuance, refusal of SP2D issuance and submission of reports accountability (SPJ) carried out by the Government of the City of Bitung. The system and procedures for expenditure administration are not in accordance with Minister of Home Affairs Regulation No. 13 of 2006 as amended by Permendagri No. 59 of 2007 has not been fully implemented in the City Government of Bitung. Lack of knowledge and understanding of expenditure administration, namely procedures, documents used and the deadline for issuing SPM, and SP2D by Financial Management Officers, resulted in the issuance process of SP2D being too late, thus slowing down the process of disbursement of funds. Keywords: Regional Financial Management System and Procedure

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