A step-by-step approach to the research process

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisy Fancourt
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Depth Information ◽  
The Public ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Study Team ◽  
Research Questions

This chapter maps the four stages involved in a research process, giving an overview of each one and providing sources for more in-depth information such as specific research methods books. The first stage involves developing the idea for a research study, including identifying a research problem, developing research questions and hypotheses, developing a theory, assessing the feasibility of an intervention, choosing a study team, and involving patients and the public. The second stage involves designing a research study, including deciding on a research design and selecting the research methods. The third stage involves running the research study and assessing whether it has been run with enough fidelity to the initial plan to provide viable data. The fourth stage is the outcome of the research study, including deciding how to report results, how to disseminate findings, and whether findings can lead to further implementation of the intervention or further research.

scholarly journals URBAN PLANNING IN LIBYA – EVOLUTION, LEVELS, PROBLEMS

HERALD ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abousa Hadoud
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
The Public ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Development And Environment

Urban planning in Libya in general effectively contributed to preparation of comprehensive and the public plans for all Libyan cities. especially after the issuance of Law No. (5) of 1969, concerning the planning of cities and villages, three key schemes have been developed in three stages starting from the first phase for years 1968 to 1988, and the second stage years from 1988 to 2000, and the third stage years 2000 to 2025. Goal of such schemes is to make a balance between the natural increase of population and urban mass, in order to achieve urban development and environment and preserve of the environment and urban environment from degradation and the spread of degraded areas in Libyan cities. But a number of problems disrupted the planning, and have had effects on the urban development in Libya.

scholarly journals Applying a Delphi process towards assessing the status and conceptualization of intercultural communication studies in china

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-396
Author(s):  
Suo Gefei ◽  
Steve Kulich
Keyword(s):  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Delphi Process ◽  
Communication Studies ◽  
Related Field ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Emerging Trends ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
The Status ◽  
Theoretical Issues

Aiming at pooling the opinions of internationally and nationally known intercultural experts on the status and conceptualization of intercultural communication studies in China, this research project adopted a Delphi process. Exploratory questionnaires were sent to an identified set of experts (N = 45) via email for the first stage, responses (N = 34) compiled, evaluated, and questions edited; a more focused questionnaire redistributed to experts for the second stage (N = 20); and a summary of findings was checked and confirmed for the third stage (N = 15). Themes and theoretical issues were formulated through each stage, compiled, and where possible integrated. This research process has generated the following findings: (1) leading topics related to intercultural communication are identified; (2) major research methodologies adopted in each related field are examined; (3) highly cited authors and theories most applied in intercultural communication studies are ranked; (4) emerging trends in the field are listed; and (5) assessments and recommendations for the ongoing development, significance, and relevance of intercultural communication studies in the Chinese context are highlighted. Strengths and weaknesses of the results and this study are then noted toward future development of the field.

Democracy Model Based on Bali Local Wisdom Values for Capacity Building of Regional Governance

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
I Wayan Gede Suacana ◽  
Eka Suaib
Keyword(s):  
Political Institutions ◽  
Political System ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Regional Governance ◽  
The Public ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
The Government

This research was conducted applying qualitative method for assessing governance in Bali Region. The stage of research began with the collection of primary and secondary data. The second stage was choosing a theory as means of analyzing the data. The third stage analyzed and interpreted the data that had been selected. The fourth stage was to do the writing and construction of research results. The results showed that values of local wisdom of Bali, which is reflected in its democratic models, showed how the government and people of Bali held a governance rule. Strengthening institutional capacity and the capacity of policy was strongly supported by the development of this democratic model. In this context, there is a symmetrical relationship between the accountability and transparency of government who is regarded as Guru Wisesa with the level of public trust in him. It is also supported by the implementation of the five values of local wisdom in giving service (seva) to the public, namely: Sathya (Truth), Dharma (virtue), Shanti (Peace), Prema (love) and Ahimsa (abstinence violence). However, the model of democracy with the values of local wisdom is not enough to produce a democratic political system without the support of the situation, conditions and political institutions. Freedom and equality (equality) as part of the democratic values are still hampered by paternalistic cultures that restrict the freedom of society.

scholarly journals Asking Questions in the Qualitative Research Context

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francislê Neri de Souza ◽  
Dayse Neri ◽  
António Costa
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Software Packages ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Asking Questions ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Internal Coherence

Research is based on a constant questioning process. All researchers should ask questions in every research phase, what is read, the research design definition, data analysed and the way they are discussed and how their conclusions are drawn. It is generally accepted that to start scientific research, irrespectively of the area of expertise, the starting point is the drafting of one or more research questions, ordinarily known as a research problem. However, for many, starting with a research programme, the idea of formulating one is always a challenge. Some do not know where to start and question whether the question is well formulated. Given these issues, this paper aims to clarify and reinforce the importance of formulating the research problem and/or question, where to get inspiration for its compilation, what are the steps to be followed for its refinement and what is its usefulness during the research process. We also intend to recommend the use of some software packages that may assist the researcher, during questioning in other research phases, and thus maintain internal coherence throughout the research, as well as obtain an answer to the research question.

scholarly journals Developing a research process procedure for academic and practical management

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (146) ◽  
pp. 61-73
Author(s):  
Henryk DŹWIGOŁ ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Management Science ◽  
Methods And Techniques ◽  
Original Procedure ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Selection Of

Purpose: Developing a procedure for the course of the research process for management science and practice. An original procedure for the course of the research process in management and quality sciences was presented. Design/methodology/approach: Based on the analysis of domestic and foreign literature, as well as the model of the research process, five stages have been defined, which should be included in the procedure of the research process. They included: selection of the research subject, determination of the nature of the research, determination of the transparency of the research purpose, selection of the method of conducting the research, determination of the size of the studied sample. Findings: Taking into account the model of the research process, a procedure for conducting research was developed. Research limitations/implications: The developed procedure is a premise for conducting further research in the direction of assigning research methods and techniques to individual elements of the research process stages in management and quality sciences. Selection of appropriate methods and research techniques will translate into the verification of research hypotheses, such as and answers to research questions. Practical implications: First of all, it is important to develop a procedure for the course of the research process for management science and practice, and then, for individual stages of this process, assign appropriate research methods and techniques. Social implications: The author's procedure for the course of the research process presented in this article is a response to how to operationalize phenomena in the sciences on management and quality and thus translate into research related to Industry 4.0. Originality/value: The developed procedure for the course of the research process allows for detailed familiarization and carrying out of scientific research, and in particular for a precise presentation of the characteristics of the tested entity, dispelling doubts regarding the transparency of the conducted research, appropriate description of the method of conducting the research, and determining the size of the research sample.

scholarly journals Inventory and Symbolic Meaning of Traditional Ceremonies Related to the Mythology of Queen Kalinyamat in North Jepara

2020 ◽  
Vol 202 ◽  
pp. 07026
Author(s):  
Laura Andri R.M.,S.S.,M.A. ◽  
Rahma Wulan S
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Initial Step ◽  
Symbolic Meaning ◽  
Regional Culture ◽  
Research Implementation ◽  
The Public ◽  
The North ◽  
Descriptive Method

The mythology of Queen Kalinyamat is very popular in the North Jepara area, especially Keling District, Donorojo District, Kembang District, Bangsri District, and Mlonggo District. Ratu Kalinyamat is known by the public as a legendary figure, because it is considered powerful, brave, patient, clever, loyal and has a defending spirit. Traditional ceremonies related to the mythology of the Queen Kalinyamat that developed in the Jepara region are quite a lot, for example the tradition of Tulemba Tulakan in Keling District. The focus of this research study relates to the inventory of traditional ceremonies with the same source, namely the mythology of Queen Kalinyamat. In addition, the symbolic meaning will be explored behind the traditional ceremony that has been inventoried. This is done as an initial step in the effort to preserve regional culture. The research implementation is carried out by applying qualitative research methods, through observation, interview, and documentation techniques. The collected data were analyzed using the comparative descriptive method.

scholarly journals Analysis of Conti Ransomware Attack on Computer Network with Live Forensic Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-61
Author(s):  
Rusydi Umar ◽  
Imam Riadi ◽  
Ridho Surya Kusuma
Keyword(s):  
Computer Network ◽  
Initial Step ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Encrypt Data ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Virus Attack ◽  
Working Principle ◽  
Network Forensic ◽  
And Control

Ransomware viruses have become a dangerous threat increasing rapidly in recent years. One of the variants is Conti ransomware that can spread infection and encrypt data simultaneously. Attacks become a severe threat and damage the system, namely by encrypting data on the victim's computer, spreading it to other computers on the same computer network, and demanding a ransom. The working principle of this Ransomware acts by utilizing Registry Query, which covers all forms of behavior in accessing, deleting, creating, manipulating data, and communicating with C2 (Command and Control) servers. This study analyzes the Conti virus attack through a network forensic process based on network behavior logs. The research process consists of three stages, the first stage is simulating attacks on the host computer, the second stage is carrying network forensics by using live forensics methods, and the third stage is analysing malware by using statistical and dynamic analysis. The results of this study provide forensic data and virus behavior when running on RAM and computer networks so that the data obtained makes it possible to identify ransomware traffic on the network and deal with zero-day, especially ransomware threats. It is possible to do so because the analysis is an initial step in generating virus signatures based on network indicators.

scholarly journals Integrating Research and Education through Quantitative Techniques

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shruti Marwaha
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Intelligence Quotient ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Initial Sample ◽  
Customized Training ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Educational Institute ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Research And Education

The present research study intended to evaluate the cognitive abilities particularly Intelligence Quotient, Focus Factor, Decision making ability and Creative Quotient of an esteemed educational institute, St. Anne’s Convent School, Chandigarh. Detailed study was conducted on a sample of 27 (initial sample 30) students of the school. At initial stage, Test-1 was conducted on subjects. In the second stage, 90 days of customized training (IPCT-Q1) was provided to the subjects. Third stage included Quarterly Monitoring of IPCT-1. In the fourth stage, next 90 days of customized training (IPCT-Q2) was provided to the subjects. Fifth stage included Quarterly Monitoring of IPCT-Q2. Tracker test (Test-2) was conducted on subjects and finally the data were analyzed. The results indicated significant up-swing in IQ, FF, DMA and CQ of the participants.

scholarly journals From the Mountains of Visions to the Valleys of Reality: New Legal Frameworks for Broadcasting in Eastern and Central Europe

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Kleinwachter
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
New Public ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Legal Frameworks ◽  
Political Groups

Abstract: Broadcasting legislation in Eastern and Central Europe after 1989, in the transition period from a totalitarian into a democratic society, falls into four different stages. The first stage was characterized by an enthusiastic awakening to the new media freedoms. The second stage was dominated by a disillusionment. The third stage was overshadowed by a growing power struggle among different political groups to get control over broadcasting, and, in particular, over national television. And, depending upon the level of democracy reached in these countries, a fourth stage may see the building of new public and private radio and television institutions, based on democratic constitutions and media laws, serving the public independent from governmental control, competing in a free broadcasting market for high viewing rates, and integrating, step by step, into transnational European broadcasting frameworks and structures. The speed of transition is varying and will continue to vary from country to country. Résumé: En ce qui regarda la radiodiffusion en Europe centrale et orientale après 1989, dans une période de transition entre société totalitaire et société démocratique, la législation suivit quatre étapes consécutives. Un éveil enthousiaste aux nouvelles libertés dans les médias caractérisa la première étape. La désillusion domina la deuxième. La troisième étape fut marquée par une lutte de pouvoir croissante entre des groupes politiques différents pour contrôler la radiodiffusion, particulièrement la télévision nationale. Et, dépendant du niveau de démocratie atteint dans ces pays, une quatrième étape put mener à de nouvelles institutions de radio et de télévision, soit publiques, soit privées, adoptant des principes et des lois démocratiques, servant le public indépendamment de contrôles gouvernementaux, se faisant concurrence pour atteindre de vastes auditoires dans des marchés libres, et s'intégrant peu à peu aux systèmes de radiodiffusion transnationaux en Europe. La vitesse de transition a jusqu'ici été variable, et continuera à l'être de pays en pays.

scholarly journals Formation of "Soft Skills" of university students as a prospective direction of improving the quality of higher education

2020 ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
Alona Haraha
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Soft Skills ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Independent Study ◽  
Specialist Training ◽  
Quality Of Higher Education ◽  
Successful Behavior

The subject of the study is the formation of «soft skills» in future service professionals. The purpose of the article is to consider the main determinants of the development of «soft skills» in future service professionals. The task of the research is to analyze the professional training of service specialists, expand the educational and methodological support of tourism specialist training, highlight the essence and main differences of professional training of tourism specialists in different universities of Ukraine, suggest ways to form "soft" skills training. Research methods. The following general and specific scientific research methods were used in the research process: system approach, methods of logical generalization and comparison, scientific abstraction, methods of synthesis, logical generalization and analogies. The methodological basis of the study consisted of scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists and leading experts, analytical materials on the research problem. Results of work. The analysis of professional training of service specialists is carried out, the educational and methodical support of tourism specialist training is expanded, the essence and main differences of professional training of tourism specialists in different universities of Ukraine are highlighted. Field of application of results. The obtained results of the research can be used by the educational departments of the Free Economic Zone of Ukraine to expand educational and professional programs, educational complexes, curricula and work programs. Conclusions. Based on the analysis of the process of professional training of future specialists in the field of tourism, the essence of the concept and its structure, the main methods of developing "soft skills" for students in the field of service were established: independent study of information about models of successful behavior (reading literature, independent study of various materials, trainings); finding feedback – getting feedback from classmates, teachers, mentors and employers about the success of their behavior in terms of developing specific experiences; learning from the experience of others and mentoring – selection and study of models successful behavior of someone who has a high level of development of this competence, work with a mentor; case studies - the study of specific situations with a proposal for optimal solutions; "learning through the development of story lines based on binary thematic oppositions" – Inclusion in the study of the material through its presentation in the form of a story, a story by revealing its emotional and personal significance.

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