Lethal in Two Languages

2020 ◽  
pp. 185-203
Author(s):  
Louis de Paor
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Flann O'brien ◽  
Irish Language ◽  
Half Century ◽  
Economic Injustice ◽  
Experimental Prose ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Formal Experiment ◽  
European Modernism

This chapter explores the parallels and disjunctions between Máirtín Ó Cadhain and Flann O’Brien, with particular reference to the extent to which formal experiment in both writers owes as much to the specific circumstances of Irish culture, politics, and language in the middle decades of the twentieth century as it does to European modernism and postmodernism. The chapter examines the centrality of both writers’ detailed knowledge of the Irish language and its narrative traditions to their experimental prose fictions. The chapter argues that Ó Cadhain’s insight into lives blighted by economic injustice and bureaucratic tyranny has lost little of its political urgency in the half-century since his death, while Ó Nualláin’s work continues to deride a world in which absurdity insists on being taken seriously and the distortion of language is a defining attribute of power.

The Changing Face of Irish Ireland: Séamus Ó Grianna's and Éilís Ní Dhuibhne's Fictions of the Donegal Gaeltacht

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-380
Author(s):  
Ríona Nic Congáil
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Women's Movement ◽  
Irish Language ◽  
Shared Interest ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Historical Fact ◽  
Insight Into

Séamus Ó Grianna and Éilís Ní Dhuibhne, whose lifespans overlapped only briefly, rank among the most prolific Irish writers of the twentieth century. Their bilingualism, moreover, offers them access to two languages, cultures, and viewpoints. Their shared interest in the Donegal Gaeltacht during the revivalist period, and their use of fiction to explore and represent it, provide their readers with a remarkable insight into the changing ideologies of twentieth-century Ireland, and particularly Irish-Ireland, touching on broad issues that are linguistic, cultural, political, gendered, and spatial. This essay begins by analyzing the narrative similarities between Ó Grianna's Mo Dhá Róisín and Ní Dhuibhne's Hiring Fair Trilogy, and proceeds to examine how both writers negotiate historical fact, the Irish language, the performance of Gaelic culture, the burgeoning women's movement, and the chasm between rural and urban Ireland of the revival. Through this approach, the essay demonstrates that the fictions of these two writers reveal as much about their own agendas and the dominant ideas of the epoch in which they were writing, as they do about life in the Donegal Gaeltacht in the early twentieth century.

On Metaphysics and the Political: A Polemics of Reading Baudelaire in the 1930s

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-259
Author(s):  
Joseph Acquisto
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
The Political ◽  
Modern Poetry ◽  
Progressive Politics ◽  
The World ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

This essay examines a polemic between two Baudelaire critics of the 1930s, Jean Cassou and Benjamin Fondane, which centered on the relationship of poetry to progressive politics and metaphysics. I argue that a return to Baudelaire's poetry can yield insight into what seems like an impasse in Cassou and Fondane. Baudelaire provides the possibility of realigning metaphysics and politics so that poetry has the potential to become the space in which we can begin to think the two of them together, as opposed to seeing them in unresolvable tension. Or rather, the tension that Baudelaire animates between the two allows us a new way of thinking about the role of esthetics in moments of political crisis. We can in some ways see Baudelaire as responding, avant la lettre, to two of his early twentieth-century readers who correctly perceived his work as the space that breathes a new urgency into the questions of how modern poetry relates to the world from which it springs and in which it intervenes.

The Anthropological Lens

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Morton
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Social Accountability ◽  
Political Organization ◽  
Local People ◽  
South Sudanese ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Encounters ◽  
Anthropological Literature ◽  
Insight Into

Sir Edward Evan Evans-Pritchard (1902-1973) is widely considered the most influential British anthropologist of the twentieth century, known to generations of students for his seminal works on South Sudanese ethnography Witchcraft, Oracles and Magic Among the Azande (OUP 1937) and The Nuer (OUP 1940). In these works, now classics in the anthropological literature, Evans-Pritchard broke new ground on questions of rationality, social accountability, kinship, social and political organization, and religion, as well as influentially moving the discipline in Britain away from the natural sciences and towards history. Yet despite much discussion about his theoretical contributions to anthropology, no study has yet explored his fieldwork in detail in order to get a better understanding of its historical contexts, local circumstances or the social encounters out of which it emerged. This book then is just such an exploration, of Evans-Pritchard the fieldworker through the lens of his fieldwork photography. Through an engagement with his photographic archive, and by thinking with it alongside his written ethnographies and other unpublished evidence, the book offers a new insight into the way in which Evans-Pritchard’s theoretical contributions to the discipline were shaped by his fieldwork and the numerous local people in Africa with whom he collaborated. By writing history through field photographs we move back towards the fieldwork experiences, exploring the vivid traces, lived realities and local presences at the heart of the social encounter that formed the basis of Evans-Pritchard’s anthropology.

The Three-Dimensional Surface Topographic Characterisation of Diamond Grinding Wheels

2010 ◽  
Vol 126-128 ◽  
pp. 690-695
Author(s):  
David Lee Butler
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Surface Measurement ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Profile Measurement ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Grinding Wheels ◽  
Diamond Grinding ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Dimensional Surface

Surface measurement using three-dimensional stylus instruments is a relatively new technique that offers numerous advantages over more traditional profilometry methods. The information generated is, unlike profile measurement, less subjective and more statistical providing additional insight into the surface structure. One application of surface measurement that has encountered problems when using the profilometry method is that of grinding wheel characterisation. The wheel surface texture (topography) and the conditions under which it is generated have a profound effect upon the grinding performance as characterised by the grinding forces, power consumption, temperature, and surface integrity of components. A detailed knowledge of the nature of the topography of the grinding wheel would provide further insight into surface interactions between the wheel and workpiece as well as enabling improved control of the grinding process in general. In this paper four diamond grinding wheels of 91 and 181 micron grit size were subjected to differing dressing conditions to produce varying final wheel topographies. Three-dimensional surface measurement techniques were employed to quantitatively characterise the topographic change and provide an aerial estimation of the number of cutting grains. The results demonstrate that the techniques can distinguish between a worn and dressed wheel. In addition, the parametric values generated from the various surfaces can aid the user in determining when re-dressing is required.

ProQuest Historical Newspapers: Leftist Newspapers and Periodicals

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-37
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Beck
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Price Information ◽  
Social Democrats ◽  
Search Function ◽  
Advanced Search ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Pdf Format ◽  
Database Content ◽  
Insight Into

ProQuest Historical Newspapers: Leftist Newspapers and Periodicals is a source for leftist publications (mostly newspapers), largely published in the twentieth century. Here, the user can access articles in PDF format from 156 national and international publications. Navigating this database and the documents therein can be easily done, but articles cannot be magnified or reduced, which may prove problematic with PDFs of old newspapers. Database content can be found through browsing or by using a basic and/or advanced search. The browse and basic search options here are understandable, but the advanced search is not self-explanatory and can possibly confuse the user. As a consequence, a new user of this database will probably benefit from instruction in its use from either the vendor or someone else familiar with this resource. However, when this search function is used properly it can produce numerous, on-point results for any query. The same is true of the basic search and browsing features, though they tend to produce larger lists of results that are less on-point than the advanced search. The vendor did not provide specific price information for this review, only indicating that pricing is determined by an institution's size and number of users. As this provides potential subscribers with very little insight into the cost of acquiring this resource, its advised that they contact ProQuest for a price quote tailored to their own institution. Its licensing agreement is the same as those used for all ProQuest databases and is average in its composition (though somewhat longer than average). The quality and quantity of content in this resource is notable, and it will certainly be of use to those looking for articles from leftist newspapers and periodicals. However, the definition of “leftist” here may be problematic for some users! Communist and Socialist publications are certainly available in this database, but those for Anarchists, Social Democrats, and other leftists are not.

Fate of Ideas: Some Reflections on the Enduring Significance of Manfred Frings’ Rejected Translation of Edmund Husserl’s Ideas II

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-165
Author(s):  
Andrew Barrette ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Lived Body ◽  
Phenomenological Movement ◽  
Half Century ◽  
Phenomenological Tradition ◽  
Living Tradition ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
Insight Into

This paper investigates a moment in the history of the phenomenological movement and offers an argument for its enduring significance. To this end, it brings to light, for the first time in a half-century, Manfred Frings’ rejected and so unpublished translation of Edmund Husserl’s Ideas II. After considering the meaning of the term Leib, which Frings renders ‘lived-body’ and to which the editor suggests ‘organism,’ a brief argument for the living tradition of phenomenology is given. It is claimed that the enduring significance of the document is found in the elucidation of the need to renew the phenomenological tradition through a collaboration across generations. Thus, even in its supposed “failure,” Frings’ translation gives data to future thinkers for insight into both their own life and the life of the ideas of phenomenology itself.

scholarly journals Insight into origins, mechanisms, and utility of DNA methylation in B-cell malignancies

Blood ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 132 (10) ◽  
pp. 999-1006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher C. Oakes ◽  
Jose I. Martin-Subero
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Driver Mutations ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
B Cell Differentiation ◽  
B Cell Malignancies ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Cytidine Deaminase Activity ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractUnderstanding how tumor cells fundamentally alter their identity is critical to identify specific vulnerabilities for use in precision medicine. In B-cell malignancy, knowledge of genetic changes has resulted in great gains in our understanding of the biology of tumor cells, impacting diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. Despite this knowledge, much remains to be explained as genetic events do not completely explain clinical behavior and outcomes. Many patients lack recurrent driver mutations, and said drivers can persist in nonmalignant cells of healthy individuals remaining cancer-free for decades. Epigenetics has emerged as a valuable avenue to further explain tumor phenotypes. The epigenetic landscape is the software that powers and stabilizes cellular identity by abridging a broad genome into the essential information required per cell. A genome-level view of B-cell malignancies reveals complex but recurrent epigenetic patterns that define tumor types and subtypes, permitting high-resolution classification and novel insight into tumor-specific mechanisms. Epigenetic alterations are guided by distinct cellular processes, such as polycomb-based silencing, transcription, signaling pathways, and transcription factor activity, and involve B-cell-specific aspects, such as activation-induced cytidine deaminase activity and germinal center–specific events. Armed with a detailed knowledge of the epigenetic events that occur across the spectrum of B-cell differentiation, B-cell tumor–specific aberrations can be detected with improved accuracy and serve as a model for identification of tumor-specific events in cancer. Insight gained through recent efforts may prove valuable in guiding the use of both epigenetic- and nonepigenetic-based therapies.

From A Man for All Seasons to Wolf Hall (c. 1960–present)

2019 ◽  
pp. 157-190
Author(s):  
J. Patrick Hornbeck
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Henry Viii ◽  
English Reformation ◽  
Thomas More ◽  
Half Century ◽  
Past Half Century ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Early English ◽  
Historical Play ◽  
Past Half

Chapter 5 takes as its starting point the premiere of Robert Bolt’s historical play about the life of Thomas More, A Man for All Seasons. It goes on to consider Wolsey’s representation in academic writings and influential historical fictions in the second half of the twentieth century and the first decades of the twenty-first. The chapter explores the five biographies of the cardinal that appeared during this period, discussing at the same time how Wolsey has been represented in the broader historiography of the early reign of Henry VIII. While revisionists of the 1980s and 1990s demonstrated little interest in Wolsey, their discoveries about the early English Reformation have shaped the most recent academic representations of the cardinal. At the same time, however, some of the most influential representations of Wolsey in the past half-century have been fictional. Therefore, the chapter also analyzes Bolt’s play, the controversial television drama The Tudors, and Hilary Mantel’s Wolf Hall novels.

Reformed Theology in the Later Twentieth Century

2019 ◽  
pp. 347-360
Author(s):  
Gary D. Badcock
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Reformed Theology ◽  
Insight Into

This chapter discusses the wider context of Scottish theology during the period 1950–86, drawing special attention to the conflicted relations between Edinburgh and Glasgow theology. A recapitulation of the Barth–Bultmann debate here predominates, and to a great extent shapes the whole of the Scottish tradition in the period. The chapter maintains, however, that inordinate attention was given to the mediation of revelation in these theologies, and that insufficient consideration was given to the question as to the God who is thus mediated. An insight into the overall failure of Protestant theology in the later twentieth century thus emerges, and the chapter concludes that the Scottish theologian John McIntyre merits greater attention from academy and Church alike, as a thinker who recognized these theological limitations and sought to avoid them.

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