scholarly journals Neuromuscular Mechanosensitivity in Subjects with Chronic Ankle Sprain: A Cross-Sectional Study

Pain Medicine ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 1991-1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Lorenzo-Sánchez-Aguilera ◽  
David Rodríguez-Sanz ◽  
Tomás Gallego-Izquierdo ◽  
Irene Lázaro-Navas ◽  
Josue Plaza-Rodríguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ankle Sprain ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Ankle Instability ◽  
Pressure Pain Threshold ◽  
Neuromuscular Control ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Ankle sprain is one of the most common musculoskeletal injuries in sports, at work, and at home. Subjects who suffer from this injury may develop ankle instability. Functional instability has been associated with a high rate of resprain and impaired neuromuscular control in patients with ankle instability. Objective Measurement of neural and muscular mechanosensitivity after ankle sprain injury and establishment of the relationship between these variables. Methods A cross-sectional case-control study was performed with a sample of 58 students from Alcalá de Henares University (21 males and 37 females, mean age ± SD = 21 ± 3.7 years). Subjects were divided into two groups: a case group (N = 29, subjects with unstable ankle) and a control group (N = 29, healthy subjects). The pressure pain threshold (PPT) of the tibialis anterior, peroneus longus, and peroneus brevis muscles and mechanosensitivity of the common peroneus and tibial nerves were evaluated in all subjects through a manual mechanical algometer. Results Neuromuscular PPTs showed significant differences (P < 0.05) between both groups, such that, compared with the control group, the case group exhibited significantly lower PPT levels. In the case group, a strong positive correlation was observed between neural and muscular homolateral mechanosensitivity in both lower limbs. Conclusions Participants with chronic ankle instability showed higher neuromuscular mechanosensitivity in muscles and nerves surrounding the ankle joint than healthy subjects. These findings indicate that low PPT values may be associated with symptoms that characterize this disease.

scholarly journals Effect of Chronic Ankle Sprain on Pain, Range of Motion, Proprioception, and Balance among Athletes

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (15) ◽  
pp. 5318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Alghadir ◽  
Zaheen Iqbal ◽  
Amir Iqbal ◽  
Hashim Ahmed ◽  
Swapnil Ramteke
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Ankle Sprain ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Neuromuscular Control ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ankle Sprains ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
History Of ◽  
One Year

Background: Ankle sprains are common among physically active individuals, especially among athletes. Majority of those who suffer ankle sprains have residual symptoms including pain, episodes of giving way, compromised proprioception and neuromuscular control, and re-injury leading to chronic ankle instability. The aim of this study was to see the effect of chronic ankle sprain on pain, range of motion, proprioception, and, static and dynamic balance among athletes. Methods: A total of 80 athletes, aged 18 to 25 years, involved in track-and-field sports were invited to participate in this study. They were divided in two groups. Athletes with history of grade 1 or 2 ankle sprain on either side requiring medical care who reported at least three episodes of ankle giving way in past 12 months were included in group A. An equal number of healthy athletes without any history of ankle sprain or injury in the lower limbs in the past one year matched by sex, age, height, weight, and limb dominance, were included in group B (control). Outcome measures: Participant’s pain, range of motion, proprioception and balance (static and dynamic) was measured using visual analog scale, half circle goniometer, degree of foot position sense, single leg stance time and Y-balance test respectively. Results: Although there were no differences in the active ankle joint range of motion (p > 0.05) in comparison to the control group, athletes with chronic ankle sprain reported mild pain and statistically significant (p < 0.05) deficits in foot proprioception, static and dynamic balance. Conclusions: Deficits in foot proprioception, static and dynamic balance even one year after the ankle sprain could be the reason for limitations in the dynamic defense system of the joint that predisposes to recurrent injury and instability. It is essential to understand the normal clinical course and risk factors for athletes who sustain sprain before devising a long term comprehensive rehabilitation program that focuses on mechanical and functional insufficiencies in order to improve their functional performance and prevent the risk of recurrent sprain.

scholarly journals Industrial pollution related health problems among residents of a rural area in central Kerala

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suchithra Erath Thadathil ◽  
Jaya Koothupalakkal Viswambharan ◽  
Alok Kanjhoor Premdas ◽  
Ashwin Raj
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Air pollution leads to several health effects, the major systems affected were respiratory, dermatology, neurology and ophthalmology. This study is an attempt to find out various health effects of pollution, from a food factory to the nearby residents.Methods: A cross sectional comparative study was performed on 248 residents nearby a food factory, situated in rural area of Thrissur district and a comparative group of 266 participants taken 5km away from this factory.Results: Both the groups were comparable in socio-demographic profile except religion and occupation. There was no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) between the use of firewood in both the groups. The symptoms of major systems involved were respiratory (odds ratio 3.9, 95% CI 2.2 to 6.8), dermatological (odds ratio 18.3, 95% CI 8.3 to 40.7), neurological (odds ratio 13.5, 95% CI 4.1 to 44.7) and ophthalmological (odds ratio 5.9, 95% CI 2.6 to 13.6). The major symptoms complained by them were pruritus (32.7%), skin lesions (17.7%), breathlessness (16.9%), itching eye (13.3%) watering from eye (11.7%) and headache (11.3%). All these symptoms among the case group compared to control group were very high and these associations were highly statistically significant (p<0.001).Conclusions: This study showed an increased occurrence of adverse health effects among the individuals who were residing near the food factory. Therefore this study points out the possibility of environmental pollution (mainly air pollution) as a main factor for the increased prevalence of symptoms among those who reside nearby the factory.

scholarly journals OPG / RANKL / RANK Gene Methylation Among Alcohol-induced Femoral Head Necrosis in Northern Chinese Men

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiantian Wang ◽  
Fei Wang ◽  
Tingting Liu ◽  
Menghu Sun ◽  
Feimeng An ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Head ◽  
Methylation Status ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chinese Men ◽  
Cpg Sites ◽  
Rank Gene

Abstract Background and purpose: Alcohol-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a complex and heterogeneous disease. Genetic factors and epigenetic modifications are one of the pathogenesis of the disease. However, the influence of epigenetic factors on the disease has not been systematically studied. Our research aims to determine the methylation changes of alcohol-induced ONFH.Methods：An analytical cross-sectional study of a Chinese male population (50 lung cancer patients and 50 controls). The EpiTYPER of the Sequenom MassARRAY platform was used to detect the DNA methylation status of 132 Cytosine-phosphate-Guanine (CpG) sites in the OPG/RANKL/RANK gene promoter region.Results: In the whole study group，Chi-square test was used to analyze the methylation rate between the two groups, and six CpG sites were found to be different, among which OPG1_CpG_2, OPG3_CpG_4, RANK1_CpG_6, RANK3_CpG_10, RANKL2_CpG_21, and RANKL2_CpG_46 in the case group were higher than those in the control group, while OPG4_CpG_2 was lower than that in the control group. Our results showed that 146 CpG sites were measured, of which 32 were undetectable, and of the remaining 114 methylation sites, methylation levels were different in 23 CpG sites in patients with alcohol-induced ONFH compared to healthy controls. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis demonstrated the methylation levels of OPG/RANKL/RANK could efficiently predict the existence of alcohol-induced ONFH.Conclusion: Our study of Chinese men suggests that several CpG sites in the OPG/RANKL/RANK gene in peripheral blood leukocytes of patients with alcohol-induced ONFH are in abnormal methylation state(hypermethylation tended to be more frequent).

Foot Orthotics with Morton's Extension doesn't Affects the Forces inside First Metatarsophalangeal Joint in Osteoarthritis Pathology.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruben Sanchez-Gomez ◽  
Juan Manuel Lopez-Alcorocho ◽  
Carlos Romero-Morales ◽  
Alvaro Gomez-Carrion ◽  
Ignacio Zaragoza-García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Metatarsophalangeal Joint ◽  
Hallux Rigidus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
First Metatarsophalangeal Joint ◽  
Group A ◽  
Applied Forces ◽  
Pulling Force

Abstract Study designCase-control studyBackgroundRigid Morton’s extension (ME) are a kind of orthotics that have been used as conservative treatments of hallux rigidus (HR) named osteoarthritis, but only their effects on first metatarsophalangeal joint (MPJ) mobility and position in healthy subjects have been studied, but not on its applied forces neither in HR subjects.ObjectivesThis study sought to understand how ME orthotics with three different thicknesses could influence the kinetic first MPJ, measured dorsally using the Jack maneuver and comparing subjects with normal first MPJ mobility versus those with HR. We aimed to clarify whether tension values were different between healthy and HR subjects.Methods Fifty-eight healthy subjects were selected, of which 30 were included in the case group according to HR criteria, and 28 were included in the control group. A digital algometer was used to assess the pulled tension values (kgf) of the first MPJ during the Jack maneuver (2-mm, 4-mm, and 8-mm ME thicknesses) versus the first MPJ in the weight-bearing resting position (WRP).ResultsThe pulled tension values were reliable (ICC > 0.963). There were no statistically significant differences between the pulled tension values for the different WRP and ME conditions in the case (p = 0.969) or control (p = 0.718) groups. ConclusionsDifferent ME thicknesses had no influence on the pulled tension applied during the simulated dorsiflexion Jack maneuver.Clinical Relevance This research aims to highlight the importance of the force effects of ME when treating hallux rigidus conservatively. Our results indicate that the tension values of the first MPJ during Jack maneuver had no significant pulling force effects on ME in healthy and hallux rigidus subjects, which suggests that its prescription can be made without danger of joint overload.

Personality disorders and opiate addiction: a descriptive analysis by SPECT in dual pathology patients / Trastornos de personalidad y adicción a opiáceos: un estudio descriptivo mediante SPECT en pacientes con patología dual

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
César Mateu ◽  
Ana Benito ◽  
Josep Pena-Garijo ◽  
José Ferrer ◽  
Juan Barea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Radioactive Tracer ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intravenous Route ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dual Pathology ◽  
Not Otherwise Specified

Introducción: Los sujetos dependientes de sustancias presentan algunos rasgos de personalidad comunes, pero no se ha podido demostrar que la presencia de estas características determine la adicción. Se pretende analizar la actividad cerebral en un grupo de pacientes con dependencia de opiáceos más Trastorno Límite de Personalidad (TLP) o Trastorno de Personalidad No Especificado (TPNE).Método: Se comparó una muestra de 25 sujetos con patología dual con 17 sujetos sanos. Se obtuvieron imágenes SPECT utilizando como trazador radioactivo el Tc99m-ECD por vía intravenosa. Los datos se analizaron con el paquete de software Entegra.Resultados: Al comparar el grupo de adictos con TPNE con el grupo de control, se apreciaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el número de cuentas registradas en el tálamo ( =9043,26; p<0,029) lo que evidencia una menor actividad talámica en estos sujetos respecto a aquellos que no presentaban patología. No se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el resto de comparaciones.Conclusión: Los pacientes con adicción a opiáceos y TPNE presentan un patrón de hipoactividad talámica comparados con un grupo de sujetos normales. Este hecho nos puede ayudar en el entendimiento de la etiología de estos trastornos, al menos en el subgrupo de pacientes con patología dual. AbstractIntroduction: Patients with substance abuse show some common personality characteristics but it has not been possible to demonstrate that the presence of these characteristics determines their addiction. In the present investigation we tried to analyze cerebral activity in a group of patients with dependency on opiates and Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) or Personality Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (PDNOS).Method: Cross-sectional study of an observational type with descriptive and analytical components in a sample of 25 subjects with dual pathology in comparision with 17 healthy subjects. SPECT images were acquired using 99mTC-ECD (Tcm-Ethyl Cysteinate Die-thylester) by intravenous route as a radioactive tracer. Data were analyzed with the software package Entegra.Results: When we compared subjects with PDNOS to the control group, statistically significant differences in the number of counts registered in the thalamus were noticeable ( =9043.26; p<0.029), which demonstrates less thalamic activity in PDNOS subjects with respect to healthy subjects. Statistically significant differences in the rest of comparisons between groups were not observed.93 Trastornos de personalidad y adicción a opiáceos: un estudio descriptivo Health and Addictions / Salud y Drogas 2010, Vol. 10, nº 2, pp. 91-110Conclusion: Pacients with PDNOS and adiction show a thalamic hypoactivity pattern. This conclusion could help us in the understanding of the pathogenesis of this disorder and its differentiation from the other PD, like BPD, at least in patients with dual pathology. 

scholarly journals Assessment of an Assistive Control Approach Applied in an Active Knee Orthosis Plus Walker for Post-Stroke Gait Rehabilitation

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 2452
Author(s):  
Ana Cecilia Villa-Parra ◽  
Jessica Lima ◽  
Denis Delisle-Rodriguez ◽  
Laura Vargas-Valencia ◽  
Anselmo Frizera-Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Inertial Sensors ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Trunk Muscles ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gait Rehabilitation ◽  
Control Approach ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Knee Orthosis

The goal of this study is the assessment of an assistive control approach applied to an active knee orthosis plus a walker for gait rehabilitation. The study evaluates post-stroke patients and healthy subjects (control group) in terms of kinematics, kinetics, and muscle activity. Muscle and gait information of interest were acquired from their lower limbs and trunk, and a comparison was conducted between patients and control group. Signals from plantar pressure, gait phase, and knee angle and torque were acquired during gait, which allowed us to verify that the stance control strategy proposed here was efficient at improving the patients’ gaits (comparing their results to the control group), without the necessity of imposing a fixed knee trajectory. An innovative evaluation of trunk muscles related to the maintenance of dynamic postural equilibrium during gait assisted by our active knee orthosis plus walker was also conducted through inertial sensors. An increase in gait cycle (stance phase) was also observed when comparing the results of this study to our previous work. Regarding the kinematics, the maximum knee torque was lower for patients when compared to the control group, which implies that our orthosis did not demand from the patients a knee torque greater than that for healthy subjects. Through surface electromyography (sEMG) analysis, a significant reduction in trunk muscle activation and fatigability, before and during the use of our orthosis by patients, was also observed. This suggest that our orthosis, together with the assistive control approach proposed here, is promising and could be considered to complement post-stroke patient gait rehabilitation.

scholarly journals Identification and Analysis of Children Developmental Dysphasia Factors in Karawang

2019 ◽  
Vol 09 (01) ◽  
pp. e24-e28
Author(s):  
Hadi Sudarjat ◽  
Mally Sholih ◽  
Ahsanal Kasasiah
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Regression ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Data Retrieval ◽  
Febrile Seizures ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Language Difficulties

AbstractSome children fail to develop language skills for obvious reasons. The inability is usually seen due to difficulties in producing and understanding spoken language, lack of intelligence, or other developmental disorders. This usually causes difficulties in reading and writing; in many cases, language difficulties continue until adolescence. This research was conducted from May to June 2018 at Dewi Sri Karawang Hospital and in the Karawang community. This study aims to determine the correlation between factors such as family history, child's gender, febrile seizures, exposure to TV/gadget, and mother's occupation, with children developmental dysphasia in Karawang. This study uses an analytical survey method with a cross-sectional approach. Data retrieval was performed by interviewing parents of pediatric patients diagnosed with dysphasia as the case group and parents of children in the Karawang area as the control group. The data obtained were processed using the multivariate regression statistical method. The results showed that heat seizures, excessive multimedia exposure (more than 1 hour per day), and identified hereditary causes were significant risk factors for dysphasia in children aged 1 to 6 years in Karawang, with p-values less than 0.05.

scholarly journals Development of cleft children’s permanent canines

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoel Itaguacy Leite NOVAIS JUNIOR ◽  
Manuella Santos Carneiro ALMEIDA ◽  
Camila Helena Machado da COSTA ◽  
Tassia Cristina de Almeida Pinto SARMENTO ◽  
Luis Ferreira de SOUSA FILHO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Tooth Development ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Age Difference ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Panoramic Radiographs ◽  
Significant Difference

ABSTRACT Objective: Evaluating the development of the permanent cuspids in children from Paraíba with cleft lip and palate applying the Nolla and the Demirjian methods. Methods: A cross-sectional study using an inductive approach and applying a comparative statistical procedure and direct documentation research technique. The universe of the study consisted of children assisted at the orthodontic practice of the Brazilian Association of Dentistry - Paraíba Section. The sample comprised 72 pairs of panoramic radiographs of children with and without cleft lip and palate from the same gender and, age difference of up to 30 days, ranging from 5 to 13 years of age. The study has evaluated the development of 576 cuspids. The images were evaluated by three duly calibrated examiners concomitantly, and the calcification stages were determined by a consensus. The stages of the cuspids calcification were evaluated in the panoramic radiographs according to Nolla and Demirjian classifications. Results: The average of the calcification stage of teeth was correspondingly higher in the control group than in the case group, showing a development delay of the cuspid teeth in the cleft lip and palate patients. The lower cuspids were significantly more developed than the upper cuspids (p <0.001). There were no significant differences between the sides. There was early tooth development in females but without significant difference. Conclusion: It was possible to note that patients with cleft lip and palate presented a delay in the development of the permanent cuspids when compared to non-cleft lip and palate patients, thus, reinforcing the importance of the individualization of the orthodontic planning.

Serum Creatine Kinase Muscle-Brain Fraction (CK-MB) and Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) as Markers of Perinatal Asphyxia in Term Neonates

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 2-6
Author(s):  
Piush Kanodia ◽  
Sudesh Shrestha ◽  
Santosh Gautam ◽  
Sachin Chawla
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Study ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Term Neonates

Background: The enzymes CK-MB & LDH are used as potential predictors of timing and grade of HIE in newborns with perinatal asphyxia. Objectives: To differentiate HIE neonates from non-HIE ones on the basis of significant rise of LDH & CK-MB. Methodology: Prospective cross-sectional analytical study. Among 164 newborns, 82 comprising the cases and 82 neonates comprising the controls met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The umbilical cord blood samples for CK-MB and LDH was drawn and sent for analysis. A serum CK-MB value >92.6 U/L and LDH value >580 U/L was taken as the cut-off level. Descriptive statistical analyses were done to find the significance between two groups. ROC Curve analysis was performed to find the diagnostic performance of CK-MB and LDH. Results: Out of total 164 neonates studied, 18.3% had moderate HIE & 11%had severe HIE while 56.1%had No HIE. Seventy-two newborns were found to have LDH levels >580 U/L out of which 71 were in case group and 1 was in control group. Among the 164 neonates studied, 7.9% from case group were found to have CK-MB levels >92.6 U/L. Both the results of LDH & CK-MB levels were very significant with P value <0.001. Area under ROC (Receiving operating Characteristic) value of LDH when compared to CK-MB is (0.978 vs. 0.731). Conclusion: Estimation of CK-MB and LDH enzymes can help to distinguish asphyxiated from non-asphyxiated term neonates when correlating with their history and clinical features.

scholarly journals Using Balance Tests to Discriminate Between Participants With a Recent Index Lateral Ankle Sprain and Healthy Control Participants: A Cross-Sectional Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fereshteh Pourkazemi ◽  
Claire Hiller ◽  
Jacqueline Raymond ◽  
Deborah Black ◽  
Elizabeth Nightingale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Ankle Sprain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stepwise Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Ankle Sprains ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lateral Ankle Sprain ◽  
Lateral Ankle ◽  
Star Excursion Balance Test

The first step to identifying factors that increase the risk of recurrent ankle sprains is to identify impairments after a first sprain and compare performance with individuals who have never sustained a sprain. Few researchers have restricted recruitment to a homogeneous group of patients with first sprains, thereby introducing the potential for confounding.Context: To identify impairments that differ in participants with a recent index lateral ankle sprain versus participants with no history of ankle sprain.Objective: Cross-sectional study.Design: We recruited a sample of convenience from May 2010 to April 2013 that included 70 volunteers (age = 27.4 ± 8.3 years, height = 168.7 ± 9.5 cm, mass = 65.0 ± 12.5 kg) serving as controls and 30 volunteers (age = 31.1 ± 13.3 years, height = 168.3 ± 9.1 cm, mass = 67.3 ± 13.7 kg) with index ankle sprains.Patients or Other Participants: We collected demographic and physical performance variables, including ankle-joint range of motion, balance (time to balance after perturbation, Star Excursion Balance Test, foot lifts during single-legged stance, demi-pointe balance test), proprioception, motor planning, inversion-eversion peak power, and timed stair tests. Discriminant analysis was conducted to determine the relationship between explanatory variables and sprain status. Sequential discriminant analysis was performed to identify the most relevant variables that explained the greatest variance.Main Outcome Measure(s): The average time since the sprain was 3.5 ± 1.5 months. The model, including all variables, correctly predicted a sprain status of 77% (n = 23) of the sprain group and 80% (n = 56) of the control group and explained 40% of the variance between groups ( = 42.16, P = .03). Backward stepwise discriminant analysis revealed associations between sprain status and only 2 tests: Star Excursion Balance Test in the anterior direction and foot lifts during single-legged stance ( = 15.2, P = .001). These 2 tests explained 15% of the between-groups variance and correctly predicted group membership of 63% (n = 19) of the sprain group and 69% (n = 48) of the control group.Results: Balance impairments were associated with a recent first ankle sprain, but proprioception, motor control, power, and function were not.Conclusions:

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