M224. LONGITUDINAL DETERIORATION OF GESTURE PERFORMANCE IN SCHIZOPHRENIA IS UNRELATED TO SYMPTOM TRAJECTORIES

Abstract Background Gesture deficits in patients with schizophrenia are highly pronounced, and often linked to poor social functioning, motor abnormalities, and frontal lobe dysfunction. Although gesture performance has been associated to both negative and positive symptoms, its relationship to the severity of these symptoms is still unclear. Here, we examine how gesture performance varies as symptoms change. Furthermore, we aimed to compare gesture performance at two time points to healthy controls and first-degree relatives of schizophrenia patients. Gesture performance in relatives may indicate whether the deficits are associated with genetic liability to schizophrenia. We hypothesize that gesture performance in controls and relatives would be stable; while we expect improvement in patients when symptom severity declines. Methods The present study included 36 patients with schizophrenia (DSM-5 criteria; mean age 35.5 years), 28 unaffected first-degree relatives of schizophrenia patients (mean age 49.9 years) and 38 healthy controls (mean age 39.9 years). All three groups performed the Test for Upper-Limp Apraxia (TULIA), which includes pantomime (performance on verbal command) and imitative (performance upon demonstration) gestures, at two different time points, baseline and re-test (between 1–4 weeks). TULIA performance is recorded on videos and rated blind to diagnosis and stage. In addition, 22 of the 36 patients performed the TULIA at a follow-up session 6-months after baseline. Symptom severity was assessed with the Positive And Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Analysis between the three groups and within patients across the different time points was done using repeated measures ANOVA in R. Results Symptom severity in patients declined between baseline and week 4 (T = 6.7, p<0.001, PANSS total). A 3x2x2 repeated measures ANOVA revealed significant main effects of Group, Type of Gestures, as well as, a significant interaction between Group and Time Point (all F > 3.8; p<0.5) Post hoc analysis, bonferroni corrected, revealed that patients underperformed in both pantomime and imitative gestures compared to healthy controls (p<0.0001) and relatives of schizophrenia patients, although this effect did not reach significance (p=0.26). Performance of pantomime gestures was poorer compared to imitative gestures. Interestingly, this pattern was also observed during the re-test time point (p<0.0001), though gesture performance for imitative gestures significantly declined compared to baseline in patients (p<0.05). In contrast, healthy controls performed better than both patients (p<0.0001) and relatives (p-0.09) and remained stable during the re-test. Likewise, relatives performed intermediate between patients and healthy controls at both time points with scores reaching significance only at re-test (p<0.001). At baseline, imitation was better than pantomime in relatives, but with re-test imitation scores declined while pantomime scores remained stable. Finally, at the 6-month follow-up patients still exhibited lower gesture performance compared to baseline (F=22.25; p<0.05). Discussion Gesture performance in schizophrenia patients remained significantly impaired across time-points, suggesting an extended effect on poor social functioning despite symptom change. In addition, schizophrenia patients and their relatives showed a significant impairment when performing imitative gestures during the re-test compared to baseline. These results call for interventions specifically targeting gesture and social cognition, which would greatly improve patients’ quality of life. Finally, our findings suggest a trait component to gesture behavior that might be linked to genetic liability to psychosis.

Download Full-text

M148. NORMALIZATION IN REWARD PROCESSING DURING INITIAL TREATMENT MAY PREDICT LONG-TERM CLINICAL OUTCOME IN ANTIPSYCHOTIC NAïVE SCHIZOPHRENIA PATIENTS

Schizophrenia Bulletin ◽

10.1093/schbul/sbaa030.460 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S191-S192

Author(s):

Mette Nielsen ◽

Egill Rostrup ◽

Birte Glenthøj

Keyword(s):

Symptom Severity ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Initial Treatment ◽

Reward Processing ◽

Antipsychotic Treatment ◽

Repeated Measures Anova ◽

Fmri Signal ◽

Long Term Follow Up

Abstract Background Decreased functional magnetic resonance (fMRI) signaling in ventral striatum during reward anticipation has been a consistent finding in unmedicated patients with schizophrenia. Antipsychotic medication may normalize this, which has been associated with improvement in psychotic symptoms. Whether this initial treatment response predict long term clinical outcome have not been examined previously. We here present unique data from a cohort of antipsychotic näive patients, who was examined before and after six weeks of antipsychotic monotherapy, and again after six years of naturalistic treatment. We hypothesized that improved reward related fMRI-signaling in striatum during initial treatment will be associated with less severe symptoms and a higher level of function after six years. Methods Antipsychotic-naïve, first episode patients with schizophrenia and matched healthy controls were examined at three timepoints: Baseline, after six weeks and after six years. During the first six weeks, patients were treated with a D2/3 antagonist, after which they switched to a naturalistic clinical setting. At all three timepoints, fMRI was obtained while participants played a monetary rewarding game. Mean contrast signal during anticipation of salient events was extracted from predefined regions of interest in nucleus accumbens and caudatus. Additionally, symptom severity and level of function were assessed in patients. Remission after six years was defined by the Andreasen criteria. Long term changes in patients were analyzed with paired t-test. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to compare fMRI signal in patients and controls over time. Changes in fMRI signal during the first six weeks was compared between remitted and unremitted patients with students t-test. Correlations between symptom severity, level of function and fMRI signal up were analyzed with Spearman or Pearson as appropriate. Results Long term follow-up data on fMRI and psychopathology was obtained from 25 patients and 28 controls 6.7 (4.3–8.7) years after baseline examinations. In patients, symptomatology and level of function was improved (all p<0.001), and remission criteria was met by 12 (48%) of the patients. Repeated measures ANOVA of the extracted fMRI contrast signal at baseline and six years showed a group*time interaction in left Nucleus accumbens (F=4.8, p= 0.038) and left caudatus (F= 4.08, p=0=049). Mean contrast signal increased in patients but decreased in healthy controls. Change in contrast signal in left caudatus during the first six weeks of treatment differed between remitted and non-remitted patients (t=2.2, p=0.044). An increase in signal during initial treatment was found in patients later being in remission, which was not observed in non-remitted patients. Decreased fMRI contrast signal in left caudatus at six years follow up was associated with a higher level of negative symptoms (r=-0.44, p=0.02) and a lower level of function (r=0.45, p=0.02). Discussion In this long-term follow up study, half of the patients were in remission 4–8 years after their first schizophrenia diagnosis. These individuals were characterized by a normalization of reward anticipation signaling in left striatal regions during their initial treatment with a selective D2/3 antagonist. Schizophrenia is a diagnosis with a heterogeneous outcome, and prognostic biomarkers are still missing. The present results suggest that normalization in reward processing during initial antipsychotic treatment may predict remission six years later. Although these results need to be reproduced, they do support the notion, that patients responding to antipsychotic treatment are characterized by changes in striatal function, which may be predictive for long-term outcome.

Download Full-text

Cytotoxicity assessment of different doses of ozonated water on dental pulp cells

BMC Oral Health ◽

10.1186/s12903-021-01392-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ferdiye Küçük ◽

Sibel Yıldırım ◽

Serap Çetiner

Keyword(s):

Cell Viability ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Dental Pulp ◽

Control Group ◽

Dental Pulp Cells ◽

Time Points ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Pulp Cells ◽

Time Point ◽

Ozonated Water

Abstract Background The purpose of this study was to assess the cytotoxicity of various concentrations of ozonated water (OW) on human primary dental pulp cells. Methods Human primary dental pulp cells were isolated from exfoliated primary canine teeth of an 11-year-old patient with good systemic and oral health. Afterwards, cells were divided into 6 experimental groups; four groups of OW in concentrations of 2 mg/L, 4 mg/L, 8 mg/L, and 16 mg/L, untreated control group, and cell culture without cells. Cytotoxicity was evaluated after exposure for 5-min exposure using Mosmann’s Tetrazolium Toxicity (MTT) assay at 0 h and 48 h time points. Data were analyzed using a repeated measures analysis of variance and Post-hoc tests were performed using Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. Results All experimental groups showed proliferation at 0 h time point. However, all groups also experienced a decrease in overtime at 48 h time point (p < 0.05). At both time points 2 mg/L OW showed the highest cell viability as well as proliferation. At 0 h time point, the increase in cell viability for all experimental groups was found statistically significant when compared to positive control group (p < 0.05). At 48 h time point, although 8 mg/L and 16 mg/L OW showed statistically significant reduction in compare to 0 h time point, 2 mg/L and 4 mg/L OW groups didn’t experience any statistically significant difference (p < 0.05). Conclusion Considering our findings, due to ozonated water's induced a higher proliferation rate of dental pulp cells, indicating their biocompatibility and a possible adjuvant on irrigating agent in regenerative endodontic procedures.

Download Full-text

Does transcranial direct current stimulation affect selective visual attention in children with left-sided infantile hemiplegia? A randomized, controlled pilot study

Brain Impairment ◽

10.1017/brimp.2020.20 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

Raed A. Alharbi ◽

Saleh A. Aloyuni ◽

Faizan Kashoo ◽

Mohamed I. Waly ◽

Harpreet Singh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pilot Study ◽

Direct Current ◽

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Sham Group ◽

Time Points ◽

Selective Visual Attention ◽

Subject Factor ◽

And Control

Abstract Objective: Infantile hemiplegia due to brain injury is associated with poor attention span, which critically affects the learning and acquisition of new skills, especially among children with left-sided infantile hemiplegia (LSIH). This study aimed to improve the selective visual attention (SVA) of children with LSIH through transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). Methods: A total of 15 children participated in this randomized, double-blinded, pilot study; of them, 10 experienced LSIH, and the remaining 5 were healthy age-matched controls. All the children performed the Computerized Stroop Color-Word Test (CSCWT) at baseline, during the 5th and 10th treatment sessions, and at follow-up. The experimental (n = 5) and control groups (n = 5) received tDCS, while the sham group (n = 5) received placebo tDCS. All three groups received cognitive training on alternate days, for 3 weeks, with the aim to improve SVA. Results: Two-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed a statistically significant change in the mean scores of CSCWT between time points (baseline, 5th and 10th sessions, and follow-up) within-subject factor, group (experimental, sham) between-subject factor and interaction (time points X group) (p < 0.005). Furthermore, a one-way repeated measures ANOVA showed significant differences between time point (p < 0.005) for the experimental and control group but not the sham group. Conclusion: These pilot results suggest that future research should be conducted with adequate samples to enable conclusions to be drawn.

Download Full-text

Long-term trajectory of cognitive performance in people with bipolar disorder and controls: 6-year longitudinal study

BJPsych Open ◽

10.1192/bjo.2021.66 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Timea Sparding ◽

Erik Joas ◽

Caitlin Clements ◽

Carl M. Sellgren ◽

Erik Pålsson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Cognitive Functioning ◽

Cognitive Performance ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Cognitive Test ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Time Interaction

Background Cross-sectional studies have found impaired cognitive functioning in patients with bipolar disorder, but long-term longitudinal studies are scarce. Aims The aims of this study were to examine the 6-year longitudinal course of cognitive functioning in patients with bipolar disorder and healthy controls. Subsets of patients were examined to investigate possible differences in cognitive trajectories. Method Patients with bipolar I disorder (n = 44) or bipolar II disorder (n = 28) and healthy controls (n = 59) were tested with a comprehensive cognitive test battery at baseline and retested after 6 years. We conducted repeated measures ANCOVAs with group as a between-subject factor and tested the significance of group and time interaction. Results By and large, the change in cognitive functioning between baseline and follow-up did not differ significantly between participants with bipolar disorder and healthy controls. Comparing subsets of patients, for example those with bipolar I and II disorder and those with and without manic episodes during follow-up, did not reveal subgroups more vulnerable to cognitive decline. Conclusions Cognitive performance remained stable in patients with bipolar disorder over a 6-year period and evolved similarly to healthy controls. These findings argue against the notion of a general progressive decline in cognitive functioning in bipolar disorder.

Download Full-text

Acute Arginine Supplementation Is Associated with Increased Growth Hormone in Younger Healthy Males: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzaa049_002 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. 609-609

Author(s):

John Apolzan ◽

Jennifer Rood ◽

Robbie Beyl ◽

Shengping Yang ◽

Frank Greenway ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Hormone ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Hormone Secretion ◽

Growth Hormone Secretion ◽

Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽

Double Blind ◽

Time Points ◽

Arginine Supplementation ◽

Time Point

Abstract Objectives Assess the effects of the amino acid arginine on growth hormone (GH), other metabolites, and mood. Arginine is reported to increase GH, but the mechanism is not known. It was hypothesized prolactin mediated this effect since it is similar in structure to GH and, like GH, is secreted by the pituitary gland. Methods Thirty physically active healthy young males (18–39 y; 18.5–25 kg/m2) were enrolled in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial. Two days prior and 1 day following each treatment a standardized diet was provided that maintained arginine at 3–5 g/d. Arginine or placebo treatments in the form of a beverage were consumed after an overnight fast. Treatment conditions were separated by at least a one week washout period. The beverages contained either 10 g of arginine or 0 g (placebo). Blood was collected at baseline and 1.5, 3.0, and 24 hr post treatment. Plasma GH, prolactin, amino acids, glucose, insulin, triacylglycerols, thyroid hormones, sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), testosterone, cortisol, and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) were assessed. The Profile of Mood States (POMS) was administered at the same time as blood draws. Repeated measures ANOVAs were used to estimate treatment effects at each time point. Results Arginine increased plasma arginine at 1.5, 3.0, and 24 hr (P ≤ 0.001) and GH at 24 hr (P ˂ 0.05) but not other time points. Arginine increased glucose and insulin at the 1.5 and 3.0 hr (P ˂ 0.05) but not 24 hr. Arginine did not affect any other dependent measure (P > 0.05) including prolactin. When only individuals with detectable levels of GH (responders; n = 16) were analyzed separately, arginine increased GH at the 1.5 (P ˂ 0.05) but not the 3.0 or 24 hr time points. Among the responders, arginine also increased thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) at the 24 hr time point (P ˂ 0.05) but not the 1.5 and 3.0 hr time points. Conclusions Arginine supplementation modestly increased growth hormone. Despite their similar structures, prolactin secretion was not elevated following arginine supplementation, thus another mechanism is responsible for growth hormone secretion. Funding Sources DoD and NIH P30DK072476. Views expressed are those of the authors and do not reflect official policy of the Army, DoD, or US Government.

Download Full-text

Tumour Relapse Prediction Using Multiparametric MR Data Recorded during Follow-Up of GBM Patients

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2015/842923 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Adrian Ion-Margineanu ◽

Sofie Van Cauter ◽

Diana M. Sima ◽

Frederik Maes ◽

Stefaan W. Van Gool ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adjuvant Therapy ◽

Random Forests ◽

Feature Vector ◽

Tumour Progression ◽

Ensemble Classifiers ◽

Radiological Criteria ◽

Time Points ◽

Relapse Prediction ◽

Time Point

Purpose. We have focused on finding a classifier that best discriminates between tumour progression and regression based on multiparametric MR data retrieved from follow-up GBM patients.Materials and Methods. Multiparametric MR data consisting of conventional and advanced MRI (perfusion, diffusion, and spectroscopy) were acquired from 29 GBM patients treated with adjuvant therapy after surgery over a period of several months. A 27-feature vector was built for each time point, although not all features could be obtained at all time points due to missing data or quality issues. We tested classifiers using LOPO method on complete and imputed data. We measure the performance by computing BER for each time point and wBER for all time points.Results. If we train random forests, LogitBoost, or RobustBoost on data with complete features, we can differentiate between tumour progression and regression with 100% accuracy, one time point (i.e., about 1 month) earlier than the date when doctors had put a label (progressive or responsive) according to established radiological criteria. We obtain the same result when training the same classifiers solely on complete perfusion data.Conclusions. Our findings suggest that ensemble classifiers (i.e., random forests and boost classifiers) show promising results in predicting tumour progression earlier than established radiological criteria and should be further investigated.

Download Full-text

Prognostic Value of Minimal Residual Disease (MRD) Detection in Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) – HYPER-CVAD Protocol

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v112.11.4870.4870 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 112 (11) ◽

pp. 4870-4870

Author(s):

Nikolaos Tsagarakis ◽

Nektaria Kentrou ◽

Mirsini Pergaminou ◽

Theodore Marinakis ◽

Stefanos I Papadhimitriou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Maintenance Therapy ◽

Induction Therapy ◽

Treatment Time ◽

Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽

Treatment Protocol ◽

Disease Free Survival ◽

Consolidation Therapy ◽

Time Points ◽

Time Point

Abstract Objective: HYPER-CVAD is an intensive treatment protocol of short duration, for ALL and other lymphoid neoplasms. It is consisted of 8 alternating cycles (parts A and B): in part A (cycles 1, 3, 5, 7) fractionated doses of cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin and dexamethazone are administrated, while in part B (cycles 2, 4, 6, 8) high doses of methotrexate and aracytin. The two first cycles compose the induction therapy, while the next 6 cycles constitute the consolidation therapy, followed by two years of maintenance therapy. Protection of CNS is achieved with intradorsal injections, whereas in Ph+ ALL patients, imatinib is also administered. The aim of this study was the clinical evaluation of MRD detection in adult patients with ALL, during chemotherapy with HYPER-CVAD. Patients/Methods: During the period 1999–2008, 30 patients were hospitalized in our hospital for ALL and were treated with HYPER-CVAD therapeutic protocol. Among them, 14/30 (46,7%) were males and 16/30 (53,3%) females (median age 43,5 years, range 16–70). Median follow-up time was 12,8 months (range 0,5–100). ALL of T-origin had 8/30 patients and of B-origin, 22/30 (1 B1-EGIL/pro-B, 17 B2-EGIL/B-common, 4 B3-EGIL/pre-B). Caryotypic analysis and FISH was done in all patients (7/30 bcr/abl+). According to classical prognostic markers of ALL: 21/30 were classified as high, 4/30 as medium and 5/30 low risk, respectively. MRD presence was detected in bone marrow samples, with flow cytometric panels, at three particular treatment time-points: completion of induction therapy (T1), completion of consolidation therapy (T2) and at the end of maintenance therapy (T3). Overall survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS) were investigated, especially in relation to the influence of MRD presence in (OS) and (DFS), respectively. For statistical analysis, Kaplan-Meier was used. Results: At treatment time-point (T1), MRD was detected in 10/28 (35,7%) patients, at time-point (T2) in 7/23 (30,4%) and at treatment-point (T3) in 9/17 (52,94%). The influence of MRD detection in (OS) was statistically significant (p<0,05) at (T2) and (T3), while in (DFS) the detection of MRD presence in any of the standardized treatment time-points resulted in decreased DFS (T1/p<0,05, T2 and T3/p<0,001). Conclusions: Our results suggest that MRD detection during therapy of adult ALL is a negative prognostic indicator for (OS) and (DFS), the independency of which has to be confirmed after prolonged follow-up time and increased number of cases.

Download Full-text

Twenty-Four-Hour Melatonin and Cortisol Plasma Levels in Relation to Timing of Cluster Headache

Cephalalgia ◽

10.1046/j.1468-2982.1995.015003224.x ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 224-229 ◽

Cited By ~ 90

Author(s):

M Leone ◽

V Lucini ◽

D D'Amico ◽

F Moschiano ◽

C Maltempo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cluster Headache ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Group Analysis ◽

Cortisol Secretion ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Headache Attack ◽

Repeated Measures Anova ◽

Duration Of Illness ◽

Dark Room ◽

Age And Sex

The cyclic recurrence of cluster periods and the regular timing of headache occurrence in cluster headache (CH) induced us to study the circadian secretion of melatonin and cortisol in 12 patients with episodic CH, during a cluster period, and compare them with 7 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Blood was sampled every 2, h for 24 h. All subjects were confined to a dark room from 22.00 to 08.00. Plasma melatonin levels were significantly reduced in CH patients (repeated measures ANOVA p < 0.03; mesor p < 0.02), and the cortisol mesor was significantly increased ( p < 0.03). Amplitudes and acrophases did not differ between the groups. Individual cosinor analysis showed that 4/12 (33.3%) CH patients had no significant melatonin rhythm, and that 5/11 (45.5%) had no cortisol rhythm. Group analysis of cosinor revealed significant rhythmicity of melatonin and cortisol secretion in both groups. In controls, the timing of melatonin and cortisol acrophase significantly correlated with each other, indicating that the biorhythm controllers for the secretion of these hormones were synchronized. Such correlation was not found in the CH patients; mesor, amplitude and acrophase of melatonin and cortisol did not correlate with duration of illness, duration of headache in course, or time since last headache attack.

Download Full-text

Development of white matter fibre density and morphology over childhood: a longitudinal fixel-based analysis

10.1101/342097 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sila Genc ◽

Robert E Smith ◽

Charles B Malpas ◽

Vicki Anderson ◽

Jan M Nicholson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

White Matter ◽

Cross Section ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Pubertal Stage ◽

Full Spectrum ◽

Fibre Density ◽

Fibre Development ◽

Over Time ◽

Time Point

AbstractPurposeWhite matter fibre development in childhood involves dynamic changes to microstructural organisation driven by increasing axon diameter, density, and myelination. However, there is a lack of longitudinal studies that have quantified advanced diffusion metrics to identify regions of accelerated fibre maturation, particularly across the early pubertal period. We applied a novel longitudinal fixel-based analysis (FBA) framework, in order to estimate microscopic and macroscopic white matter changes over time.MethodsDiffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) data were acquired for 59 typically developing children (27 female) aged 9 – 13 years at two time-points approximately 16 months apart (time-point 1: 10.4 ± 0.4 years, time-point 2: 11.7 ± 0.5 years). Whole brain FBA was performed using the connectivity-based fixel enhancement method, to assess longitudinal changes in fibre microscopic density and macroscopic morphological measures, and how these changes are affected by sex, pubertal stage, and pubertal progression. Follow-up analyses were performed in sub-regions of the corpus callosum to confirm the main findings using a Bayesian repeated measures approach.ResultsThere was a statistically significant increase in fibre density over time localised to medial and posterior commissural and association fibres, including the forceps major and bilateral superior longitudinal fasciculus. Increases in fibre cross-section were substantially more widespread. The rate of fibre development was not associated with age or sex. In addition, there was no significant relationship between pubertal stage or progression and longitudinal fibre development over time. Follow-up Bayesian analyses were performed to confirm the findings, which supported the null effect of the longitudinal pubertal comparison.ConclusionUsing a novel longitudinal fixel-based analysis framework, we demonstrate that white matter fibre density and fibre cross-section increased within a 16-month scan rescan period in specific regions. The observed increases might reflect increasing axonal diameter or axon count. Pubertal stage or progression did not influence the rate of fibre development in the early stages of puberty. Future work should focus on quantifying these measures across a wider age range to capture the full spectrum of fibre development across the pubertal period.

Download Full-text

83 The acute effects of feeding a grain-free diet with or without methionine, taurine or methyl donor/acceptor supplementation on plasma and whole blood amino acid concentrations in dogs

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skaa278.112 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽

pp. 62-62

Author(s):

Sydney Banton ◽

Julia G Pezzali ◽

Renan Antunes Donadelli ◽

Marica Bakovic ◽

Katharine M Wood ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Whole Blood ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Latin Square ◽

Acute Effects ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Time Points ◽

Postprandial Response ◽

Donor Acceptor ◽

Amino Acid Concentrations ◽

Time Point

Abstract Grain-free pet foods have been sold for over a decade and comprise more than 40% of dog and cat diets sold today. Grain-free diets replace grain ingredients with pulse ingredients, which are high in lysine but low in methionine and cysteine, the precursor amino acids to taurine synthesis in the dog. The objective of this study was to evaluate the postprandial response of plasma methionine and taurine and whole blood taurine concentrations of dogs fed a grain-free diet without supplementation (CON) or with methionine (MET), taurine (TAU) or creatine, carnitine and choline (CCC) supplementation. Eight Beagles were pair housed and fed one of the four experimental diets for seven days in a 4x4 Latin Square Design. On the morning of d 7, cephalic catheters were placed and one fasted sample (0 min) and nine post-meal blood samples (15, 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240, 300 and 360 min) were collected. Data were analyzed as repeated measures using the PROC GLIMMIX function in SAS (Version 9.4). Dogs supplemented with MET had significantly higher plasma methionine concentrations from 30 to 360 minutes post-meal compared to dogs on CON, TAU and CCC treatments (P < 0.05). However, no differences were observed in plasma methionine concentrations between CON, TAU and CCC treatments at any time point (P > 0.05). Plasma taurine concentrations were significantly higher across time points in all treatment groups compared to CON (P < 0.05). Whole blood taurine concentrations tended to be higher across time points in MET and TAU treatment groups compared to CCC (P = 0.0513). Overall, MET, TAU and CCC supplementation increased plasma taurine concentrations compared to CON, but only MET supplementation increased plasma methionine concentrations from 30 to 360 minutes post-meal.

Download Full-text