scholarly journals The course and predictors of perceived unsupportive responses by family and friends among women newly diagnosed with gynecological cancers

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 682-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon L Manne ◽  
Deborah A Kashy ◽  
David W Kissane ◽  
Melissa Ozga ◽  
Shannon Myers Virtue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Usual Care ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Gynecologic Cancer ◽  
Psychological Adaptation ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Systematic Change ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Counseling Intervention ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Perceived unsupportive responses from close others play an important role in psychological adaptation of patients with cancer. Little is known about whether these negative responses change after someone experiences a serious life event, and even less is known about the individual characteristics and related factors that might contribute to both the levels of and changes in perceived unsupportive responses over the course of adaptation to an experience. This longitudinal study aimed to evaluate changes in perceived unsupportive behavior from family and friends among women newly with gynecologic cancer as well as initial demographic, disease, and psychological factors that predict the course of perceived unsupportive behavior over time. Women (N = 125) assigned to the usual care arm of a randomized clinical trial comparing a coping and communication intervention with a supportive counseling intervention to usual care completed six surveys over an 18 month period. Growth models using multilevel modeling were used to predict unsupportive responses over time. Average levels of perceived unsupportive responses from family and friends were low. Unsupportive responses varied from patient to patient, but patients did not report a systematic change in perceived unsupportive responses over time. Cultivating meaning and peace and coping efficacy were associated with fewer perceived unsupportive responses as well as reductions in perceived unsupportive responses over time. Emotional distress, cancer concerns, functional impairment, holding back sharing concerns, and cognitive and behavioral avoidance predicted higher perceived unsupportive responses over time. The findings are discussed in terms of the self-presentation theory and social network responses to persons undergoing difficult life events.

Indicators of Deprivation in People and Places: Longitudinal Perspectives

1998 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 1055-1076 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Sloggett ◽  
H Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Power ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Housing Tenure ◽  
Area Deprivation ◽  
Spatial Mobility ◽  
Multivariate Models ◽  
National Statistics ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Over Time

The Office for National Statistics Longitudinal Study of England and Wales is used to describe the prevalence in individuals, over time, of a set of variables commonly used in the construction of indicators of area deprivation. These variables are: housing tenure, car access, low skill, and unemployment. Over three censuses between 1971 and 1991, these states appear neither completely permanent nor entirely random. The picture is one of changing fortunes; many individuals temporarily disadvantaged revolving around a core of those experiencing more long-term disadvantage. This is especially true of unemployment. Used in multivariate models to predict health and deprivation outcomes in 1991, the individual characteristics from both 1971 and 1981 have stronger predictive power than ward scores on deprivation indicators. The relation between spatial mobility and the health and social outcomes appears favourable only for young adults.

scholarly journals Povolání zvolených poslanců za první republiky a dnes

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markéta Poláková ◽  
Tomáš Kostelecký
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Interwar Period ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Clear Tendency ◽  
Voting Decisions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Historical Periods ◽  
Over Time

The article focuses on an analysis of the professions of Czech deputies in the interwar period and in the period after 1989. Based on the theoretical framework of representation we assume that voting decisions are influenced not only by party electoral programs, but also by the individual characteristics of candidates. Candidate professions may indicate whether they are considered to be sufficiently qualified and whether they are considered to represent the interests of voters. The aim of the article is to analyse the differences between two historical periods and the differences among parliamentary parties. The analysis proved that the structure of professions of parliamentary representatives changed dramatically over time. The professions of representatives in the interwar period tended to resemble the professions of their core voters, and hence were rather different across political parties. In contrast, the professions of parliamentary representatives elected on the party list of different parties became rather similar after 1989. A clear tendency towards the emergence of professional politicians can be observed. A descriptive type of representation is on the decline.

Effect of weight history on ability to lose weight after a 6-month randomized controlled weight loss trial in overweight breast cancer survivors: The Lifestyle, Exercise and Nutrition (LEAN) study.

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 174-174
Author(s):  
Tara Beth Sanft ◽  
Maura Harrigan ◽  
Brenda Cartmel ◽  
Mary Playdon ◽  
Yang Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Usual Care ◽  
Breast Cancer Survivors ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Counseling Intervention ◽  
Weight History ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

174 Background: Because obesity portends a higher risk of breast cancer mortality, achieving a healthy weight is recommended for breast cancer survivors. The impact of weight history on the ability to lose weight is unclear. We previously reported a 6.2 + 0.7% vs. 2.1 + 0.9% weight loss (p = .0003) in 100 breast cancer survivors randomized to a 6-month weight loss intervention vs. usual care. We examined whether weight history modified the effect of the intervention on body weight changes. Methods: Breast cancer survivors with a BMI > 25 kg/m2were randomized to usual care or 6-month, 11-session diet and exercise-counseling intervention. Baseline and 6 month weight and height were measured; weight at ages 18 and 35, 5 years and 1 year before and at diagnosis were self-reported. We defined weight history as: 1) change in weight between each time point and baseline; and 2) duration of obesity (i.e., number of years of having a BMI > 30 between age 18 and baseline). Generalized linear models were used to evaluate mean changes at 6 months between the intervention and usual care groups, adjusted and stratified by weight history variables. Results: Mean age and time since diagnosis were 59 + 7 years and 2.9 + 2.1 years, respectively. BMI increased over time (age 18 BMI = 21.8 + 2.9; baseline BMI = 32.4 + 6.5). Number of years being obese was 5.3 + 8.2 years (range 0-40 years). BMI at baseline, change in BMI from various time points to baseline, and years of obesity did not modify weight loss results. After adjusting for weight history, women randomized to intervention vs. usual care lost 6.1 + 0.7% vs. 2.0 + 0.9%, p = .0006, respectively. Conclusions: Participants reported a history of steady weight gain over time. The duration of obesity did not modify weight loss results. Weight history did not hinder survivors’ ability to lose clinically meaningful weight via a structured intervention.

Dynamic Student Modelling of Learning Styles for Advanced Adaptivity in Learning Management Systems

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Graf ◽  
Kinshuk
Keyword(s):  
Learning Styles ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Learning Management Systems ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Student Model ◽  
Student Modelling ◽  
Learning Management ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Over Time

Learning management systems (LMSs) are commonly used in e-learning; however, they typically do not consider the individual differences of students, including their different background knowledge, cognitive abilities, motivation, and learning styles. A basic requirement for enabling such systems to consider students’ individual characteristics is to know these characteristics first. This paper focuses on the consideration of learning styles and introduces a dynamic student modelling approach that monitors students’ behaviour over time and uses these data to build an accurate student model by frequently refining the information in the student model as well as by responding to changes in students’ learning styles over time. The proposed approach is especially useful for LMSs, which are commonly used by educational institutions for whole programs of study and therefore can monitor students’ behaviour over time, in different courses. The paper demonstrates how this approach can be integrated in an adaptive mechanism that enables LMSs to automatically generate courses that fit students’ learning styles and discusses how dynamic student modelling can help in identifying students’ learning styles more accurately, which enables the LMS to provide more accurate adaptivity and therefore support students’ learning processes more effectively.

scholarly journals Post-operative Analgesic Use and Analysis of Related Factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 3449-3458
Keyword(s):  
Pain Score ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Pain Treatment ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Patient Controlled Analgesia ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Surgical Pain ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Analgesic Use

Pain is a problem that humanity has experienced since its existence and is still seeking a solution. Despite all the advances in pharmacology and technology in recent years, surgical pain remains a serious problem. This study was carried out to determine the analgesic use status and related factors according to the patients' pain levels after surgery. The study consisted of 188 patients hospitalized for surgical intervention in a private hospital operating in the province of Istanbul between 01.01.2019 and 31.12.2019 and followed up on analgesic use in the clinic for 3 days after the surgical intervention. Surgical pain averages of the patients who underwent surgery were compared according to the patient’s descriptive characteristics regarding the day of the surgery. According to this comparison, it was found that the type of surgical intervention and the character of the pain affects the incidence of pain score on the first day of surgery. It was determined that on the 1st day after surgery, gender, age, alcohol use affected the incidence of pain, and on the 2nd day, there was a significant difference between the pain averages of alcohol substance use and anesthesia type. It was determined that the rate of patient-controlled analgesia use was 42% on the day of surgery, 14.4% on the 1st day, and 7.4% on the 2nd day. It was determined that the mean pain score did not differ between patients who received and did not receive patient-controlled analgesia on the 1st and 2nd days after surgery. As a result, it was determined that the frequency of experiencing surgical pain was high despite the development in pharmacological treatments and evidence-based non-pharmacological methods. Nurses play a very important role in providing painlessness and comfort with the adequate use of analgesic drugs. It is thought that nurses and doctors must plan pain before surgery, taking into account the individual characteristics of the patients, for the adequate use of analgesics after surgery. For these plans, it is recommended to increase awareness by following up-to-date information on pain treatment.

scholarly journals Seven-month kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and role of pre-existing antibodies to human coronaviruses

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Ortega ◽  
Marta Ribes ◽  
Marta Vidal ◽  
Rocío Rubio ◽  
Ruth Aguilar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Neutralization Capacity ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Neutralizing Capacity ◽  
Human Coronaviruses ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Over Time

AbstractUnraveling the long-term kinetics of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 and the individual characteristics influencing it, including the impact of pre-existing antibodies to human coronaviruses causing common cold (HCoVs), is essential to understand protective immunity to COVID-19 and devise effective surveillance strategies. IgM, IgA and IgG levels against six SARS-CoV-2 antigens and the nucleocapsid antigen of the four HCoV (229E, NL63, OC43 and HKU1) were quantified by Luminex, and antibody neutralization capacity was assessed by flow cytometry, in a cohort of health care workers followed up to 7 months (N = 578). Seroprevalence increases over time from 13.5% (month 0) and 15.6% (month 1) to 16.4% (month 6). Levels of antibodies, including those with neutralizing capacity, are stable over time, except IgG to nucleocapsid antigen and IgM levels that wane. After the peak response, anti-spike antibody levels increase from ~150 days post-symptom onset in all individuals (73% for IgG), in the absence of any evidence of re-exposure. IgG and IgA to HCoV are significantly higher in asymptomatic than symptomatic seropositive individuals. Thus, pre-existing cross-reactive HCoVs antibodies could have a protective effect against SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 disease.

On the Individual

1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 205-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Magnusson
Keyword(s):  
School Psychologist ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Developmental Research ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Over Time

A description of two cases from my time as a school psychologist in the middle of the 1950s forms the background to the following question: Has anything important happened since then in psychological research to help us to a better understanding of how and why individuals think, feel, act, and react as they do in real life and how they develop over time? The studies serve as a background for some general propositions about the nature of the phenomena that concerns us in developmental research, for a summary description of the developments in psychological research over the last 40 years as I see them, and for some suggestions about future directions.

Root Cause Analyses of Suicides of Mental Health Clients

Crisis ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 316-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna Gillies ◽  
David Chicop ◽  
Paul O'Halloran
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Common Factor ◽  
Data Collection Tool ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Communication Problems ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Mental Health Clients ◽  
Imminent Risk

Abstract. Background: The ability to predict imminent risk of suicide is limited, particularly among mental health clients. Root cause analysis (RCA) can be used by health services to identify service-wide approaches to suicide prevention. Aims: To (a) develop a standardized taxonomy for RCAs; (b) to quantitate service-related factors associated with suicides; and (c) to identify service-related suicide prevention strategies. Method: The RCAs of all people who died by suicide within 1 week of contact with the mental health service over 5 years were thematically analyzed using a data collection tool. Results: Data were derived from RCAs of all 64 people who died by suicide between 2008 and 2012. Major themes were categorized as individual, situational, and care-related factors. The most common factor was that clients had recently denied suicidality. Reliance on carers, recent changes in medication, communication problems, and problems in follow-through were also commonly identified. Conclusion: Given the difficulty in predicting suicide in people whose expressions of suicidal ideation change so rapidly, services may consider the use of strategies aimed at improving the individual, stressor, support, and care factors identified in this study.

THE METHODS OF DEVELOPING COMPUTATIONAL THINKING OF STUDENTS WHILE STUDYING THE COURSE "NUMERICAL METHODS" BASED ON BLENDED LEARNING

2019 ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
M. M. Klunnikova
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Methods ◽  
Blended Learning ◽  
Computational Thinking ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Diagnostic Model ◽  
Mathematics Students ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Cognitive Component ◽  
Professional Field ◽  
The Individual

The work is devoted to the consideration of improving the quality of teaching students the discipline “Numerical methods” through the development of the cognitive component of computational thinking based on blended learning. The article presents a methodology for the formation of computational thinking of mathematics students, based on the visualization of algorithmic design schemes and the activation of the cognitive independence of students. The characteristic of computational thinking is given, the content and structure of computational thinking are shown. It is argued that a student with such a mind is able to manifest himself in his professional field in the best possible way. The results of the application of the technique are described. To determine the level of development of the cognitive component of computational thinking, a diagnostic model has been developed based on measuring the content, operational and motivational components. It is shown that the proposed method of developing computational thinking of students, taking into account the individual characteristics of students’ thinking, meaningfully based on the theoretical and practical aspects of studying the discipline, increases the effectiveness of learning the course “Numerical methods”. The materials of the article are of practical value for teachers of mathematical disciplines who use information and telecommunication technologies in their professional activities.

MEDIA SOCIALIZATION OF PERSONALITY IN THE CONTEXT OF INMUTATION IN THE MASS MEDIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 104-109
Author(s):  
Chernysh O.O.
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Effective Interaction ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Media Culture ◽  
Active Growth ◽  
Media Space ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Individual

The urgency of the researched problem is connected with the growing role of mass media in modern conditions leads to change of values and transformation of identity of the person. The active growth of the role of the media, their influence on the formation and development of personality leads to the concept of “media socialization” and immutation in the media. The aim of the study is to outline the possibilities of the process of media socialization in the context of immutation in the media. The methods of our research are: analysis of pedagogical, psychological, literature, synthesis, comparison, generalization. The article analyzes the views of domestic and foreign scientists on the problem of immutation in the media and the transformation of the information space. In the context of the mass nature of the immutation of society, the concept of “media socialization” becomes relevant, which is the basis for reducing the negative impact of the media on the individual.The author identifies the lack of a thorough study of the concept of “media socialization” in modern scientific thought. Thus, media socialization is associated with the transformation of traditional means of socialization, and is to assimilate and reproduce the social experience of mankind with the help of new media.The article analyzes the essence of the concepts “media space”, “mass media” and “immutation”. The influence of mass media on the formation and development of the modern personality is described in detail.The study concluded that it is necessary to form a media culture of the individual, to establish safe and effective interaction of young people with the modern media system, the formation of media awareness, media literacy and media competence in accordance with age and individual characteristics for successful media socialization. The role of state bodies in solving the problem of media socialization of the individual was also determined. It is determined that the process of formation of media culture in youth should take place at the level of traditional institutions of socialization of the individual.The author sees the prospect of further research in a detailed analysis and study of the potential of educational institutions as an institution and a means of counteracting the mass nature of the immutation of society.Key words: immutation, media socialization, mass media, media space, information.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document