Current Evidence and Clinical Applications of Therapeutic Knee Braces

2007 ◽  
Vol 86 (8) ◽  
pp. 678-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelvin T. L. Chew ◽  
Henry L. Lew ◽  
Elaine Date ◽  
Michael Fredericson
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Knee Braces

scholarly journals Clinical Applications of Natriuretic Peptides in Heart Failure and Atrial Fibrillation

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 2824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masako Baba ◽  
Kentaro Yoshida ◽  
Masaki Ieda
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Natriuretic Peptides ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Clinical Prognosis ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Artery Disease

Natriuretic peptides (NPs) have become important diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in cardiovascular diseases, particularly in heart failure (HF). Diagnosis and management of coronary artery disease and atrial fibrillation (AF) can also be guided by NP levels. When interpreting NP levels, however, the caveat is that age, sex, body mass index, renal dysfunction, and race affect the clearance of NPs, resulting in different cut-off values in clinical practice. In AF, NP levels have been associated with incident AF in the general population, recurrences after catheter ablation, prediction of clinical prognosis, and the risk of stroke. In this article, we first review and summarize the current evidence and the roles of B-type NP and atrial NP in HF and coronary artery disease and then focus on the increasing utility of NPs in the diagnosis and management of and the research into AF.

scholarly journals Circulating microRNAs: emerging biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis in patients with gastrointestinal cancers

2014 ◽  
Vol 128 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten Lindner ◽  
Joerg Haier ◽  
Zhe Wang ◽  
David I. Watson ◽  
Damian J. Hussey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumour Progression ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Gastrointestinal Cancers ◽  
Circulating Mirnas ◽  
Circulating Micrornas ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Key Characteristics

To identify novel non-invasive biomarkers for improved detection, risk assessment and prognostic evaluation of cancer, expression profiles of circulating microRNAs are currently under evaluation. Circulating microRNAs are highly promising candidates in this context, as they present some key characteristics for cancer biomarkers: they are tissue-specific with reproducible expression and consistency among individuals from the same species, they are potentially derived directly from the tumour and therefore might correlate with tumour progression and recurrence, and they are bound to proteins or contained in subcellular particles, such as microvesicles or exosomes, making them highly stable and resistant to degradation. The present review highlights the origin of circulating microRNAs, their stability in blood samples, and techniques to isolate exosomal microRNAs, and then addresses the current evidence supporting potential clinical applications of circulating miRNAs for diagnostic and prognostic purposes.

scholarly journals Indication and uses of temporary anchorage device in orthodontic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rehab Fuad Bawyan ◽  
Sarah Khalid Al Anzi ◽  
Noha Basil Alkhadra ◽  
Nur Ali Alhaies Alkhaier ◽  
Ohood Mohammad Alsemran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Current Literature ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Treatment Evaluation ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Term Basis ◽  
Multiple Challenges ◽  
Temporary Anchorage Device

Treating various types of malocclusion is dependant on providing a secure anchorage. In this context, it has been shown that teeth, intramaxillary, and/or extraoral appliances are required to achieve favorable outcomes regarding anchorage treatment. A Temporary anchorage device (TAD) has been introduced in the literature in this context. It has been described as a temporary device that can be used after completing treatment. The aim of the study was to review the indications and uses of TADs in orthodontic treatment. The current evidence shows that introducing TADs in the field of orthodontic treatment has been associated with favorable outcomes that encountered the previous multiple challenges reported with the conventional anchorage approaches. Contemporary orthodontic settings reported various uses for TADs, including corrections in transverse, vertical, and anteroposterior dimensions. Combined use of TADs and conventional approaches were also evaluated with favorable outcomes. These findings indicate the validity of TADs in orthodontic treatment and call for its future implications and clinical applications. However, it should be noted that post-treatment evaluation on a long-term basis was not adequately reported in the current literature, indicating the need for future investigations for further validation.

Alternatives to Knee Braces

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Milner ◽  
Davis Hartnettt ◽  
Steven F. DeFroda
Keyword(s):  
Current Evidence ◽  
Compression Stockings ◽  
Postoperative Rehabilitation ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Rehabilitation Period ◽  
Chronic Injuries ◽  
Knee Braces ◽  
Muscle Groups ◽  
Musculoskeletal Care ◽  
The Ideal

AbstractKnee braces continue to be a widely utilized piece of medical equipment, ranging from simple over the counter sleeves to more complex functional braces, with the ability to provide electrical stimulation to muscle groups. Despite their popularity, alternatives to knee braces exist for patients who find braces to be ineffective, uncomfortable, cumbersome, or overly expensive. While high-quality studies are lacking for modalities such as neoprene sleeves, compression stockings, and kinesiotaping, there is promising evidence that these interventions can confer an element of stability and pain relief for a variety of knee pathologies both with regard to acute and chronic injuries as well as in the postoperative rehabilitation period. While no “holy grail” exists for the ideal brace, or bracing alternative, it is important for providers to be aware of the options available to patients as well as the current evidence for these various modalities, so that the provider can best guide musculoskeletal care.

Applications of platelet- rich plasma (prp) in contemporary pediatric dentistry

2006 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 283-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Shashikiran ◽  
V. Subba Reddy ◽  
C. Yavagal ◽  
M Zakirulla
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Bone Grafting ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Pediatric Dentistry ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Invaluable Tool

Current evidence and understanding of bone science recognize the pivotal role of growth factors in all the aspects of bone grafting and regeneration. Platelet-rich-plasma (PRP) is one of the richest sources of growth factors to enhance bone regeneration. The present article aims to highlight the basic mechanisms involved in the successful use of PRP and its clinical applications in Pediatric dentistry based on our case-reports citing its use for bone grafting in young children. With pertinence to its current advantages and recent applications, PRP could soon prove to be an invaluable tool for pediatric dental surgeons worldwide.

scholarly journals Epigenetic Alterations in Renal Cell Cancer With TKIs Resistance: From Mechanisms to Clinical Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qinhan Li ◽  
Zhenan Zhang ◽  
Yu Fan ◽  
Qian Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell ◽  
Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Cell Cancer ◽  
Poor Response ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Epigenetic Alterations ◽  
Antitumor Therapy ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Potential Use

The appearance of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has been a major breakthrough in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) therapy. Unfortunately, a portion of patients with TKIs resistance experience disease progression after TKIs therapy. Epigenetic alterations play an important role in the development of TKIs resistance. Current evidence suggests that epigenetic alterations occur frequently in RCC patients with poor response to TKIs therapy, and modulation of them could enhance the cytotoxic effect of antitumor therapy. In this review, we summarize the currently known epigenetic alterations relating to TKIs resistance in RCC, focusing on DNA methylation, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), histone modifications, and their interactions with TKIs treatment. In addition, we discuss application of epigenetic alteration analyses in the clinical setting to predict prognosis of patients with TKIs treatment, and the potential use of epigenetics-based therapies to surmount TKIs resistance.

scholarly journals Valgus Knee Braces May Have No Long-term Effect on Pain Improvement and Functional Activity in Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Trials

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yinuo Fan ◽  
zhongfeng Li ◽  
Haitao Zhang ◽  
Guoju Hong ◽  
Zhongshu Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Pain Score ◽  
Functional Activity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Specific Effect ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Valgus Knee ◽  
Knee Braces ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background:KOA as a high incidence of old age seriously affects the quality of life of the elderly. The valgus knee bracesareaimportantphysical therapy for KOA, but its specific effect is not clear.This meta-analysisis to systematically evaluate the effectiveness of valgus knee braces on pain and function improvement in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA).Methods :A meta-analysis of clinical randomized controlled trials(RCTs) on pain and functional changes in patients with KOA after using valgus knee braces. The search period is from the self-built database to May 2020, and the search range is PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases. First, two authors independently screened the literature, formulated inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria, and determined the included literature. The researchers then extracted the interventions and outcome indicators of included literature, and assessed the risk of bias through Cochrane Handbook 5.0.1. Finally, Revman5.3 was used for data analysis.Results :A total of 10 articles were included in this study, including 739 patients. 8 articles related to the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) pain score, the results showed that RR = -0.29, 95% CI [-0.73, 0.15], P = 0.20; There were 4 articles on the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) function score, the results showed that RR = -0.15, 95% CI [-0.41,0.11], P = 0.26; Two articles related to the impact of Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) score, the results showed that RR = 0.58, 95% CI [-4.25, 5.42], P = 0.81; 3articles were related to KOOS activities of daily living (KOOS-ADL) score, the results showed that RR = 0.04, 95% CI [-0.62,0.69], P = 0.91.These results indicated that the valgus knee braces have no statistically significant in pain and functional activity improvement of patients with KOA. The subgroup analysis showed that the follow-up time was the source of the heterogeneity of the VAS pain score. Conclusion :The current evidence suggests that valgus knee braces may not effectively improve pain symptom and functional activity in KOA patients in the long-term, but only benefit KOA patients in the short-term.

scholarly journals Importance of Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses of Animal Studies: Challenges for Animal-to-Human Translation

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 469-477
Author(s):  
Zahra Bahadoran ◽  
Parvin Mirmiran ◽  
Khosrow Kashfi ◽  
Asghar Ghasemi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Balanced Assessment ◽  
Animal Data ◽  
Meta Analyses

Results of animal experiments are used for understanding the pathophysiology of diseases, assessing safety and efficacy of newly developed drugs, and monitoring environmental health hazards among others. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of animal data are important tools to condense animal evidence and translate the data into practical clinical applications. Such studies are conducted to explore heterogeneity, to generate new hypotheses about pathophysiology and treatment, to design new clinical trial modalities, and to test the efficacy and the safety of the various interventions. Here, we provide an overview regarding the importance of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of animal data and discuss common challenges and their potential solutions. Current evidence highlights various problems and challenges that surround these issues, including lack of generalizability of data obtained from animal models, failure in translating data obtained from animals to humans, poor experimental design and the reporting of the animal studies, heterogeneity of the data collected, and methodologic weaknesses of animal systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of animal studies can catalyze translational processes more effectively if they focus on a well-defined hypothesis along with addressing clear inclusion and exclusion criteria, publication bias, heterogeneity of the data, and a coherent and well-balanced assessment of studies' quality.

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