scholarly journals Peptide- and saccharide-conjugated dendrimers for targeted drug delivery: a concise review

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Liu ◽  
Warren D. Gray ◽  
Michael E. Davis ◽  
Ying Luo
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Drug Efficacy ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Bioactive Ligands ◽  
Conjugated Dendrimers ◽  
Function Relationship ◽  
Dendrimer Conjugates

Dendrimers comprise a category of branched materials with diverse functions that can be constructed with defined architectural and chemical structures. When decorated with bioactive ligands made of peptides and saccharides through peripheral chemical groups, dendrimer conjugates are turned into nanomaterials possessing attractive binding properties with the cognate receptors. At the cellular level, bioactive dendrimer conjugates can interact with cells with avidity and selectivity, and this function has particularly stimulated interests in investigating the targeting potential of dendrimer materials for the design of drug delivery systems. In addition, bioactive dendrimer conjugates have so far been studied for their versatile capabilities to enhance stability, solubility and absorption of various types of therapeutics. This review presents a brief discussion on three aspects of the recent studies to use peptide- and saccharide-conjugated dendrimers for drug delivery: (i) synthesis methods, (ii) cell- and tissue-targeting properties and (iii) applications of conjugated dendrimers in drug delivery nanodevices. With more studies to elucidate the structure–function relationship of ligand–dendrimer conjugates in transporting drugs, the conjugated dendrimers hold promise to facilitate targeted delivery and improve drug efficacy for discovery and development of modern pharmaceutics.

scholarly journals Surface functionalisation of poly-APO-b-polyol ester cross-linked copolymers as core–shell nanoparticles for targeted breast cancer therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rida Tajau ◽  
Rosiah Rohani ◽  
Siti Selina Abdul Hamid ◽  
Zainah Adam ◽  
Siti Najila Mohd Janib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Breast Cancer Therapy ◽  
Polyol Ester ◽  
Apo B ◽  
Chemical Structures

AbstractPolymeric nanoparticles (NPs) are commonly used as nanocarriers for drug delivery, whereby their sizes can be altered for a more efficient delivery of therapeutic active agents with better efficacy. In this work, cross-linked copolymers acted as core–shell NPs from acrylated palm olein (APO) with polyol ester were synthesized via gamma radiation-induced reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerisation. The particle diameter of the copolymerised poly(APO-b-polyol ester) core–shell NPs was found to be less than 300 nm, have a low molecular weight (MW) of around 24 kDa, and showed a controlled MW distribution of a narrow polydispersity index (PDI) of 1.01. These properties were particularly crucial for further use in designing targeted NPs, with inclusion of peptide for the targeted delivery of paclitaxel. Moreover, the characterisation of the synthesised NPs using Fourier Transform-Infrared (FTIR) and Neutron Magnetic Resonance (NMR) analyses confirmed the possession of biodegradable hydrolysed ester in its chemical structures. Therefore, it can be concluded that the synthesised NPs produced may potentially contribute to better development of a nano-structured drug delivery system for breast cancer therapy.

scholarly journals Active Cellular and Subcellular Targeting of Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Okhil K. Nag ◽  
James B. Delehanty
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Drug Targeting ◽  
Drug Efficacy ◽  
Subcellular Targeting ◽  
Target Drug ◽  
Therapeutic Outcomes ◽  
Traditional Drug ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Current Clinical Trial

Nanoparticle (NP)-mediated drug delivery (NMDD) for active targeting of diseases is a primary goal of nanomedicine. NPs have much to offer in overcoming the limitations of traditional drug delivery approaches, including off-target drug toxicity and the need for the administration of repetitive doses. In the last decade, one of the main foci in NMDD has been the realization of NP-mediated drug formulations for active targeted delivery to diseased tissues, with an emphasis on cellular and subcellular targeting. Advances on this front have included the intricate design of targeted NP-drug constructs to navigate through biological barriers, overcome multidrug resistance (MDR), decrease side effects, and improve overall drug efficacy. In this review, we survey advancements in NP-mediated drug targeting over the last five years, highlighting how various NP-drug constructs have been designed to achieve active targeted delivery and improved therapeutic outcomes for critical diseases including cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, and Alzheimer’s disease. We conclude with a survey of the current clinical trial landscape for active targeted NP-drug delivery and how we envision this field will progress in the near future.

scholarly journals Application of Non-Viral Vectors in Drug Delivery and Gene Therapy

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 3307
Author(s):  
Shuaikai Ren ◽  
Mengjie Wang ◽  
Chunxin Wang ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Changjiao Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Gene Therapy ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Viral Vectors ◽  
Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Therapeutic Effects

Vectors and carriers play an indispensable role in gene therapy and drug delivery. Non-viral vectors are widely developed and applied in clinical practice due to their low immunogenicity, good biocompatibility, easy synthesis and modification, and low cost of production. This review summarized a variety of non-viral vectors and carriers including polymers, liposomes, gold nanoparticles, mesoporous silica nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes from the aspects of physicochemical characteristics, synthesis methods, functional modifications, and research applications. Notably, non-viral vectors can enhance the absorption of cargos, prolong the circulation time, improve therapeutic effects, and provide targeted delivery. Additional studies focused on recent innovation of novel synthesis techniques for vector materials. We also elaborated on the problems and future research directions in the development of non-viral vectors, which provided a theoretical basis for their broad applications.

Multifunctional nanocarriers based on graphitic-C3N4 quantum dots for tumor-targeted, traceable and pH-responsive drug delivery

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (43) ◽  
pp. 17078-17089 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenxian Zhang ◽  
Jian Dong ◽  
Guangyao Dang ◽  
Haiwei Ji ◽  
Peng Jiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Ph Responsive ◽  
Multifunctional Nanocarriers

A multifunctional nanocarrier is developed for simultaneous targeted delivery, efficient tracking and cancer treatment at the cellular level.

scholarly journals Nanogel: A Versatile Nano-Delivery System for Biomedical Applications

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanlong Yin ◽  
Ben Hu ◽  
Xiao Yuan ◽  
Li Cai ◽  
Huile Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Polymer Network ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Sustained Drug Release ◽  
Specific Chemical ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Therapy Strategy

Nanogel-based nanoplatforms have become a tremendously promising system of drug delivery. Nanogels constructed by chemical crosslinking or physical self-assembly exhibit the ability to encapsulate hydrophilic or hydrophobic therapeutics, including but not limited to small-molecule compounds and proteins, DNA/RNA sequences, and even ultrasmall nanoparticles, within their 3D polymer network. The nanosized nature of the carriers endows them with a specific surface area and inner space, increasing the stability of loaded drugs and prolonging their circulation time. Reactions or the cleavage of chemical bonds in the structure of drug-loaded nanogels have been shown to trigger the controlled or sustained drug release. Through the design of specific chemical structures and different methods of production, nanogels can realize diverse responsiveness (temperature-sensitive, pH-sensitive and redox-sensitive), and enable the stimuli-responsive release of drugs in the microenvironments of various diseases. To improve therapeutic outcomes and increase the precision of therapy, nanogels can be modified by specific ligands to achieve active targeting and enhance the drug accumulation in disease sites. Moreover, the biomembrane-camouflaged nanogels exhibit additional intelligent targeted delivery features. Consequently, the targeted delivery of therapeutic agents, as well as the combinational therapy strategy, result in the improved efficacy of disease treatments, though the introduction of a multifunctional nanogel-based drug delivery system.

Development and Characterization Colchicine-Loaded PEGylated Gelatin Nanoparticles for Targeted Delivery to Tumor

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 2058-2063
Author(s):  
G D Chandrethiya ◽  
P K Shelat ◽  
M N Zaveri
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Entrapment Efficiency ◽  
Stability Study ◽  
Spherical Particles ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Antitumoral Activity ◽  
Gelatin Nanoparticles

PEGylated gelatin nanoparticles loaded with colchicine were prepared by ethanol precipitation method. Poly-(ethylene glycol)-5000-monomethylether (MPEG 5000), a hydrophilic polymer, was used to pegylate gelatin.  Gluteraldehyde was used as cross-linking agent. To obtain a high quality product, major formulation parameters were optimized.  Spherical particles with mean particles of 193 nm were measured by a Malvern particle size analyzer. Entrapment efficiency was found to be 71.7 ± 1.4% and determined with reverse phase high performance liquid charomatography (RP-HPLC). The in vitro drug release study was performed by dialysis bag method for a period of 168 hours. Lyophilizaton study showed sucrose at lower concentrations proved the best cryoprotectant for this formulation.  Stability study revealed that lyophilized nanoparticles were equally effective (p < 0.05) after one year of storage at 2-8°C with ambient humidity. In vitro antitumoral activity was accessed using the MCF-7 cell line by MTT assay.  The IC50 value was found to be 0.034 μg/ml for the prepared formulation. The results indicate that PEGylated gelatin nanoparticles could be utilized as a potential drug delivery for targeted drug delivery of tumors.  

Improved Therapeutic Efficacy of Topotecan Against A549 Lung Cancer Cells with Folate-targeted Topotecan Liposomes

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 902-909
Author(s):  
Jingxin Zhang ◽  
Weiyue Shi ◽  
Gangqiang Xue ◽  
Qiang Ma ◽  
Haixin Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Therapeutic Efficacy ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Lung Tumor ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Lung Cancer Cells

Background: Among all cancers, lung cancer has high mortality among patients in most of the countries in the world. Targeted delivery of anticancer drugs can significantly reduce the side effects and dramatically improve the effects of the treatment. Folate, a suitable ligand, can be modified to the surface of tumor-selective drug delivery systems because it can selectively bind to the folate receptor, which is highly expressed on the surface of lung tumor cells. Objective: This study aimed to construct a kind of folate-targeted topotecan liposomes for investigating their efficacy and mechanism of action in the treatment of lung cancer in preclinical models. Methods: We conjugated topotecan liposomes with folate, and the liposomes were characterized by particle size, entrapment efficiency, cytotoxicity to A549 cells and in vitro release profile. Technical evaluations were performed on lung cancer A549 cells and xenografted A549 cancer cells in female nude mice, and the pharmacokinetics of the drug were evaluated in female SD rats. Results: The folate-targeted topotecan liposomes were proven to show effectiveness in targeting lung tumors. The anti-tumor effects of these liposomes were demonstrated by the decreased tumor volume and improved therapeutic efficacy. The folate-targeted topotecan liposomes also lengthened the topotecan blood circulation time. Conclusion: The folate-targeted topotecan liposomes are effective drug delivery systems and can be easily modified with folate, enabling the targeted liposomes to deliver topotecan to lung cancer cells and kill them, which could be used as potential carriers for lung chemotherapy.

Role of novel drug delivery systems in coronavirus disease-2019 (covid-19): time to act now

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neeraj Mittal ◽  
Varun Garg ◽  
Sanjay Kumar Bhadada ◽  
O. P. Katare
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
World Health ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Novel Drug

: The corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has found its roots from Wuhan (China). COVID-19 is caused by a novel corona virus SARS-CoV2, previously named as 2019-nCoV. COVID-19 has spread across the globe and declared as pandemic by World health organization (WHO) on 11th March, 2020. Currently, there is no standard drug or vaccine available for the treatment, so repurposing of existing drugs is the only solution. Novel drug delivery systems (NDDS) will be boon for the repurposing of drugs. The role of various NDDS in repurposing of existing drugs for treatment of various viral diseases and their relevance in COVID-19 has discussed in this paper. It focuses on the currently ongoing research in the implementation of NDDS in COVID-19. Moreover it describes the role of NDDS in vaccine development for COVID-19. This paper also emphasizes how NDDS will help to develop the improved delivery systems (dosage forms) of existing therapeutic agents and also explore the new insights to find out the void spaces for a potential targeted delivery. So in these tough times, NDDS and nanotechnology can be a safeguard to humanity.

Bridging the Gap of Drug Delivery in Colon Cancer: The Role of Chitosan and Pectin Based Nanocarriers System

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 911-924
Author(s):  
Rohitas Deshmukh
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Targeted Drug Delivery ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Therapeutic Agent ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Target Tissue ◽  
Polymer Carriers

Colon cancer is one of the most prevalent diseases, and traditional chemotherapy has not been proven beneficial in its treatment. It ranks second in terms of mortality due to all cancers for all ages. Lack of selectivity and poor biodistribution are the biggest challenges in developing potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of colon cancer. Nanoparticles hold enormous prospects as an effective drug delivery system. The delivery systems employing the use of polymers, such as chitosan and pectin as carrier molecules, ensure the maximum absorption of the drug, reduce unwanted side effects and also offer protection to the therapeutic agent from quick clearance or degradation, thus allowing an increased amount of the drug to reach the target tissue or cells. In this systematic review of published literature, the author aimed to assess the role of chitosan and pectin as polymer-carriers in colon targeted delivery of drugs in colon cancer therapy. This review summarizes the various studies employing the use of chitosan and pectin in colon targeted drug delivery systems.

Monocyclic Peptides: Types, Synthesis and Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yalda Khazaei-poul ◽  
Shohreh Farhadi ◽  
Sepideh Ghani ◽  
Safar Ali Ahmadizad ◽  
Javad Ranjbari
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Cyclic Peptides ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Targeted Therapeutics ◽  
Diagnostic Agents ◽  
Linear Types ◽  
Microbial Agents ◽  
Structural Classes

: Peptides are considered to be appropriate tools in various biological fields. They can be primarily used for the rational design of bioactive molecules. They can act as ligands in the development of targeted therapeutics as well as diagnostics, can be used in the design of vaccines or can be employed in agriculture. Peptides can be classified in two broad structural classes: linear and cyclic peptides. Monocyclic peptides are a class of polypeptides with one macrocyclic ring that bears advantages, such as more selective binding and uptake by the target receptor, as well as higher potency and stability compared to linear types. This paper provides an overview of the categories, synthesis methods and various applications of cyclic peptides. The various applications of cyclic peptides include their use as pro-apoptotic and anti-microbial agents, their application as targeting ligands in drug delivery and diagnostic agents, as well as agricultural and therapeutics applications that are elaborated and discussed in this paper.

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