scholarly journals Chemical composition, nutritional profile and in vivo antioxidant properties of the cultivated mushroom Coprinus comatus

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 200900
Author(s):  
Nebojša Stilinović ◽  
Ivan Čapo ◽  
Saša Vukmirović ◽  
Aleksandar Rašković ◽  
Ana Tomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Treatment ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Serum Aminotransferase ◽  
Coprinus Comatus ◽  
Nutritional Profile

This study investigated the chemical and nutritional profile and antioxidative properties of cultivated Coprinus comatus . Proximate analysis revealed that C. comatus is rich in carbohydrates, dietary fibres and proteins, and could also be a valuable source of phenolics. Additionally, fat content is low, consisting mainly of polyunsaturated and omega-3 fatty acids. Furthermore, the safety profile of C. comatus is satisfactory, with all elements of toxicological importance within the proposed limits. Oral treatment with C. comatus for 42 days improved the antioxidant capabilities and ameliorated carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage in rats, marked by decreased serum aminotransferase levels and lipid peroxidation intensity. Glutathione concentrations increased in a dose-dependent manner. Histological morphometric and immunohistochemical analysis confirmed antioxidative and hepatoprotective potential. These findings imply that cultivated C. comatus could be considered a nutraceutical, having beneficial nutrient and therapeutic properties.

scholarly journals Methylprednisolone Protects SAP and Pancreatitis-Associated ALI in Mice by Inhibiting NLRP3 Inflammasome Through NF-κB

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuan-jiang Liu ◽  
Qiang Fu ◽  
Wenjing Zhou ◽  
Xu Zhang ◽  
Rui Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Nlrp3 Inflammasome ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Tnf Α

Abstract Background: Methylprednisolone (MP) is a synthetic corticosteroid with potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties used as therapy for a variety of diseases. The underlying mechanism of MP to reduce acute pancreatitis still needs to be elucidated.Methods: Twenty-four male C57BL/6 mice (6-8 weeks) were used to establish SAP mouse model by administering an intraperitoneal injection of Cae and LPS. Amylase expression levels of serum and PLF were measured with an amylase assay kit. The concentrations of IL-1β and TNF-α in the serum and PLF were detected by ELISA. The level of pancreatic and lung tissue damage and inflammation was assessed by H&E staining and immunofluorescence staining. Western blot and qPCR were used to detect the expression levels of NLRP3, IL-1β and TNF-αin vivo and in vitro.Results: In this study, we found MP, used in the early phase of SAP, decreased the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α in serum and peritoneal lavage fluids (PLF), reduced the level of serum amylase and the expression of MPO in lung tissue, attenuated the pathological injury of the pancreas and lungs in a dose-dependent manner. The expression of NLRP3 and IL-1β in pancreas and lungs was down-regulated significantly depending on the MP concentration. In vitro, MP reduced the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α by down-regulating the expression of NLRP3, IL-1β and p-NF-κB in isolated peritoneal macrophages. Conclusion: MP can attenuate the injury of pancreas and lungs, and the inflammatory response in SAP mice by down-regulating the activation of NF-κB and the NLRP3 inflammasome.

scholarly journals In vitro and in vivo antioxidant potentials of the methanolic crude extract from Inula glomerata Oliv. & Hiern (Asteraceae) and Salacia kraussii (Harv.) Harv (Celastraceae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 416-426
Author(s):  
Michael C Ojo ◽  
◽  
Foluso O Osunsanmi ◽  
Nkosinathi D Cele ◽  
Godfrey E Zharare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Therapeutic Modality ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Crude Extracts

Reactive oxygen species are implicated in multiple pathological conditions including erectile dysfunction. This study evaluated the in vitro and in vivo antioxidant potential of the methanolic extracts of Inula glomerata and Salacia kraussii. The plant materials were pulverized and extracted with methanol. The phytochemical analysis, ability of the crude extracts to scavenge free radicals (ABTS, DPPH, NO.) in vitro as well as the total phenolic and flavonoid contents was investigated. In vivo, antioxidant potentials of the crude extracts (50/250 mg/kg body weight) were determined in an erectile dysfunction rat model. The phytochemical analysis revealed that both plants contain flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, and alkaloids. The crude extracts at varying degree of efficiency, scavenged ABTS and DPPH radicals. The crude extracts at low concentrations (50 mg/kg b.w) significantly (p<0.05) diminished the level of malondialdehyde, augmented catalase activities and elevated glutathione levels. However, SOD activities were significantly boosted in a dose-dependent manner by the crude extracts. Therefore, I. glomerata and S. kraussii possess antioxidant properties, hence, can serve as a therapeutic modality in the treatment of oxidative stress-induced erectile dysfunction.

scholarly journals Docosahexaenoic acid induces apoptosis in primary chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Romain Guièze ◽  
Emmanuel Gyan ◽  
Olivier Tournilhac ◽  
Christelle Halty ◽  
Richard Veyrat-Masson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Infectious Risk ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Primary Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is an indolent disorder with an increased infectious risk remaining one of the main causes of death. Development of therapies with higher safety profile is thus a challenging issue. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6) is an omega-3 fatty acid, a natural compound of normal cells, and has been shown to display antitumor potency in cancer. We evaluated the potential <em>in</em> <em>vitro</em> effect of DHA in primary CLL cells. DHA induces high level of <em>in</em> <em>vitro</em> apoptosis compared to oleic acid in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. Estimation of IC50 was only of 4.813 μM, which appears lower than those reported in solid cancers. DHA is highly active on CLL cells <em>in vitro.</em> This observation provides a rationale for further studies aiming to understand its mechanisms of action and its potent <em>in vivo</em> activity.

In vivo efficacy of PF1022A and nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonists alone and in combination against Nippostrongylus brasiliensis

Parasitology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 140 (10) ◽  
pp. 1252-1265 ◽  
Author(s):  
DANIEL KULKE ◽  
JÜRGEN KRÜCKEN ◽  
ACHIM HARDER ◽  
RALPH KREBBER ◽  
KRISTINE FRAATZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Treatment ◽  
Drug Effects ◽  
Body Region ◽  
Nippostrongylus Brasiliensis ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Development Of Resistance ◽  
Drug Classes ◽  
Intestinal Worms ◽  
Dose Dependent

SUMMARYThe cyclooctadepsipeptide PF1022A and the aminophenylamidines amidantel, deacylated amidantel (dAMD) and tribendimidine were tested as examples for drug classes potentially interesting for development as anthelmintics against human helminthiases. These compounds and levamisole were tested alone and in combination to determine their efficacy against the rat hookworm Nippostrongylus brasiliensis. After three oral treatments, intestinal worms were counted. Drug effects on parasite morphology were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Plasma pharmacokinetics were determined for tribendimidine and dAMD. All drugs reduced worm burden in a dose-dependent manner, however amidantel was significantly less active than the other aminophenylamidines. Combinations of tribendimidine and dAMD with levamisole or PF1022A at suboptimal doses revealed additive effects. While PF1022A caused virtually no changes in morphology, levamisole, dAMD and tribendimidine caused severe contraction, particularly in the hind body region. Worms exposed to combinations of PF1022A and aminophenylamidines were indistinguishable from worms exposed only to aminophenylamidines. After oral treatment with tribendimidine, only the active metabolite dAMD was detectable in plasma and concentrations were not significantly different for oral treatment with dAMD. The results support further evaluation of cyclooctadepsipeptides alone and in combination with cholinergic drugs to improve efficacy. Combining these with registered drugs may help to prevent development of resistance.

scholarly journals Does Valproic Acid Induce Neuroendocrine Differentiation in Prostate Cancer?

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhinav Sidana ◽  
Muwen Wang ◽  
Wasim H. Chowdhury ◽  
Antoun Toubaji ◽  
Shabana Shabbeer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Valproic Acid ◽  
Western Blot ◽  
Blot Analysis ◽  
Western Blot Analysis ◽  
Neuroendocrine Differentiation ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Dependent Manner

Valproic Acid (VPA) is a histone deacetylase inhibitor that holds promise for cancer therapy. Here, we investigate whether VPA treatment induces neuroendocrine differentiation of Prostate Cancer (PCa). A tissue microarray of VPA-treated and untreated tumor xenografts and cell lines of human PCa (LNCaP, C4-2, DU145, and PC-3) were generated and were analyzed by immunohistochemical analysis (IHC) for NE markers chromogranin A (CgA), synaptophysin, and NCAM (neural cell adhesion molecule). Western blot analysis for CgA was performed to confirm the results of the TMA. IHC analysis did not reveal any induction of CgA, synaptophysin, or NCAM in any xenograft after VPA treatmentin vivo.In vitro, VPA treatment induced little synaptophysin expression in C4-2 and PC-3 cells and NCAM expression in LNCaP and PC-3 cells. In the case of CgA, VPA treatment decreased its expressionin vitroin a dose-dependent manner, as determined by western blot analysis. Thus our data demonstrates that VPA does not induce NE differentiation of PCa cells in the physiologically relevantin vivosetting.

scholarly journals Enhanced Skin Performance of Emulgel vs. Cream as Systems for Topical Delivery of Herbal Actives (Immortelle Extract and Hemp Oil)

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1919
Author(s):  
Vanja M. Tadić ◽  
Ana Žugić ◽  
Milica Martinović ◽  
Milica Stanković ◽  
Svetolik Maksimović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Skin Hydration ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Omega 6 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Hemp Oil

Immortelle, as rich source of chlorogenic acid and the phloroglucinol alpha-pyrone compound arzanol, possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, affects cell regeneration, and has positive effect on many skin conditions. Hemp oil, characterized by a favorable omega-6 to omega-3 ratio, as well as an abundance of essential fatty acids and vitamin E, participates in immunoregulation and also act as an anti-inflammatory. In the present study, we examined the effect on the skin of creams and emulgels with immortelle extract and hemp oil, by comparing them to placebo samples and a non-treated control. A long-term in vivo study of biophysical skin characteristics, which lasted for 30 days, was conducted on 25 healthy human volunteers. Measured parameters were electrical capacitance of the stratum corneum, trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL), and skin pH and erythema index. Further, a sensory study was carried out in which the panelists had to choose descriptive terms for sensory attributes in questionnaire. The results showed that application of all preparations led to increase of skin hydration and TEWL reduction, while the skin was not irritated, and its normal pH was not disrupted. This study also showed importance of the carrier. Not only were emulgels described by panelists as preparations with better sensory properties, there was a significant difference between the skin hydration effect of emulgel with immortelle extract and hemp oil compared to the placebo emulgel, which was not the case with creams. Such findings indicated enhanced delivery of herbal active substances from emulgel compared to the cream.

Oxidative Stress Reducing Osteogenesis Reversed by Curcumin via NF-κB Signaling and Had a Role in Anti-Osteoporosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu JiaQiang ◽  
Ran Gao ◽  
Wen Liang ◽  
ChangJian Wu ◽  
FangLing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Osteoporosis Prevention ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Mineral Density

Abstract Objective: Curcumin has good anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, and whether it can resist osteoporosis through oxidative stress pathway in a dose-dependent manner.Method: we used an oxidative stress cell model by culture cells with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), cells were osteogenic differentiation after treated with H2O2，different concentration curcumin were added during differentiation, then measured the early and late osteogenic index, and detected the potential signaling pathway involved. In addition, we employed rat OVX model treated with curcumin to confirm the protection of the anti-oxidant.Result: Low concentrations of curcumin (1-10μM) promoted the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells, improved alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, elevated calcium content against oxidative stress induced by H2O2, but high concentration (20 μM) failed, moreover, curcumin diminished supernatant receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) and IL-6 expression, inhibited the intracellular ROS triggered by H2O2, Notably, curcumin exerted protection by blocking the NF-κB signaling pathway. The curcumin administered for 12 weeks partially reversed the raito of blood malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) activity in ovariectomized (OVX) rat in vivo. It also increased the bone mineral density (BMD) and improved the micro-architecture of trabecular bones. Conclusion: curcumin exerted protection on osteoporosis, the effect linked to a reduction of oxidative stress and bone resorbing cytokine, This study suggests that curcumin might be a candidate for osteoporosis prevention and the low concentration exerted obviously protection.

Abstract P303: Cilostazol Attenuates Angii-induced Cardiac Fibrosis in Mice

Hypertension ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuka Okuyama ◽  
Haruhito A Uchida ◽  
Ryoko Umebayashi ◽  
Yuki Kakio ◽  
Hidemi Takeuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cardiac Fibrosis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Heart Weight ◽  
Chow Diet ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Collagen Iii ◽  
Normal Chow

Background: Cilostazol, a phosphodiesterase-3 inhibitor, plays vasoprotective roles such as an improvement of endothelial function, a vasodilatation and a suppression of proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. The aim of study was to investigate a cardioprotective effect of cilostazol. Method: Male apolipoprotein E deficient mice (8-12 weeks old) were fed with either normal chow diet or cilostazol-containing (0.1% wt/v) diet. After 1 week of cilostazol administration, mice were infused subcutaneously with either angiotensin II (AngII, 1,000 ng/kg/min, n = 16 - 19) or saline (n = 5 - 6) by osmotic minipumps for 4 weeks. Results: AngII equivalently increased systolic blood pressure, irrespective of cilostazol administration. Cilostazol had no effect on serum cholesterol concentrations, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, body weights, heart rates, and systolic blood pressures. AngII increased heart weight but was attenuated by cilostazol administration (6.7±0.8 to 6.0±0.7 mg/gBW, p < 0.05). Cilostazol prevented both perivascular and interstitial cardiac fibrosis induced by AngII (p < 0.05, each). Quantitative real-time PCR revealed that mRNA expressions of Ctgf , Collagen I , Collagen III , Tgf- , Hgf and Spp-1 increased by AngII infusion but were attenuated by cilostazol administration (p < 0.05). Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that AngII administration enhanced OPN expression in heart but was suppressed by cilostazol administration. Further, to investigate the mechanism, human cardiac myocytes were cultured and stimulated with AngII (1x10 -7 M). Co-treatment of Cilostazol (1x10 -7 to 1x10 -5 M) attenuated AngII-induced increase of Spp-1 gene expression in dose-dependent manner. This effect was mimic by a treatment with forskolin, which was diminished by co-treatment with H-89. Conclusion: Cilostazol attenuated AngII-induced cardiac fibrosis in vivo. Cilostazol attenuated AngII-induced increment of Spp-1 gene expression through cAMP-PKA dependent pathway.

scholarly journals Upregulation of SIRT1 by Kartogenin Enhances Antioxidant Functions and Promotes Osteogenesis in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yifan Wang ◽  
Guangdong Chen ◽  
Jinku Yan ◽  
Xi Chen ◽  
Fan He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Cartilage Repair ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Dependent Manner

Osteoarthritis is a chronic degenerative joint disease involving both articular cartilage and subchondral bone. Kartogenin (KGN) was recently identified to improve in vivo cartilage repair; however, its effect on bone formation is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of KGN on antioxidant properties and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). Human BM-MSCs were treated with KGN at concentrations ranging from 10−8 M to 10−6 M. Our results indicated that KGN improved cell proliferation and attenuated intracellular reactive oxygen species. The levels of antioxidant enzymes and osteogenic differentiation of BM-MSCs were enhanced by KGN in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, KGN-treated BM-MSCs showed upregulation of silent information regulator type 1 (SIRT1) and increased phosphorylation of adenosine 5′-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), indicating that KGN activated the AMPK-SIRT1 signaling pathway in BM-MSCs. Inhibition of SIRT1 by nicotinamide reversed the antioxidant effect of KGN on BM-MSCs and suppressed osteogenic differentiation. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that KGN improved intracellular antioxidant properties and promoted osteogenic differentiation of BM-MSCs by activating the AMPK-SIRT1 signaling pathway. Thus, KGN may have the potential for not only articular cartilage repair but also the clinical application of MSCs in bone tissue engineering.

Paullinia cupana Mart. var. Sorbilis protects human dopaminergic neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line against rotenone-induced cytotoxicity

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 1382-1391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diêgo Madureira de Oliveira ◽  
George Barreto ◽  
Pablo Galeano ◽  
Juan Ignacio Romero ◽  
Mariana Inés Holubiec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Chromatin Condensation ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Active Constituent ◽  
Paullinia Cupana ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Paullinia cupana Mart. var. Sorbilis, commonly known as Guaraná, is a Brazilian plant frequently cited for its antioxidant properties and different pharmacological activities on the central nervous system. The potential beneficial uses of Guaraná in neurodegenerative disorders, such as in Parkinson's disease (PD), the pathogenesis of which is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, has not yet been assessed. Therefore, the main aim of the present study was to evaluate if an extract of commercial powdered seeds of Guaraná could protect human dopaminergic neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line against rotenone-induced cytotoxicity. Two concentration of Guaraná dimethylsulfoxide extract (0.312 and 0.625 mg/mL) were added to SH-SY5Y cells treated with 300 nM rotenone for 48 h, and the cytoprotective effects were assessed by means of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, measuring lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels, and analyzing nuclear integrity with Hoechst33258 stain. Results showed that the addition of Guaraná extract significantly increased the cell viability of SH-SY5Y cells treated with rotenone, in a dose-dependent manner. On the other hand, LDH levels were significantly reduced by addition of 0.312 mg/mL of Guaraná, but unexpectedly, no changes were observed with the higher concentration. Moreover, chromatin condensation and nuclear fragmentation were significantly reduced by addition of any of both concentrations of the extract. The results obtained in this work could provide relevant information about the mechanisms underlying the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in PD and precede in vivo experiments. Further studies are needed to investigate which active constituent is responsible for the cytoprotective effect produced by Paullinia cupana.

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