scholarly journals Relative Abundance of SARS-CoV-2 Entry Genes in the Enterocytes of the Lower Gastrointestinal Tract

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaewon J. Lee ◽  
Scott Kopetz ◽  
Eduardo Vilar ◽  
John Paul Shen ◽  
Ken Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
World Health ◽  
Lower Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Gi Tract ◽  
Single Cell Rna Sequencing ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Different Parts

COVID-19, the disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has rapidly spread throughout the world and was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization, thus leading to a rapid surge in the efforts to understand the mechanisms of transmission, methods of prevention, and potential therapies. While COVID-19 frequently manifests as a respiratory infection,1 there is evidence for infection of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract1–4 with documented viral RNA shedding in the stool of infected patients.2,4 In this study, we aimed to investigate the expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2, which are required for SARS-CoV-2 entry into mammalian cells,5 from single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) datasets of five different parts of the GI tract: esophagus, stomach, pancreas, small intestine, and colon/rectum.

scholarly journals Relative Abundance of SARS-CoV-2 Entry Genes in the Enterocytes of the Lower Gastrointestinal Tract

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaewon J. Lee ◽  
Scott Kopetz ◽  
Eduardo Vilar ◽  
John Paul Shen ◽  
Ken Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Rna Sequencing ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Lower Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Gi Tract ◽  
Single Cell Rna Sequencing

There is increasing evidence of gastrointestinal (GI) infection by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We surveyed the co-expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry genes ACE2 and TMPRSS2 throughout the GI tract to assess potential sites of infection. Publicly available and in-house single-cell RNA-sequencing datasets from the GI tract were queried. Enterocytes from the small intestine and colonocytes showed the highest proportions of cells co-expressing ACE2 and TMPRSS2. Therefore, the lower GI tract represents the most likely site of SARS-CoV-2 entry leading to GI infection.

OBESITY IN SARS-COV-2 INFECTION: LITERATURE REVIEW

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Donizete Tavares Da Silva ◽  
Priscila De Sousa Barros Lima ◽  
Renato Sampaio Mello Neto ◽  
Gustavo Magalhães Valente ◽  
Débora Dias Cabral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
World Health ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

In March 2020, the World Health Organization (1) declared COVID-19 as a pandemic and a threat to global public health (2). The virus mainly affects the lungs and can cause acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). In addition, coronavirus 2 severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARSCOV2) also has devastating effects on other important organs, including the circulatory system, brain, gastrointestinal tract, kidneys and liver

scholarly journals The functional properties of the vegetable filler Melissa officinalis L. in the composition of curd products

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-138
Author(s):  
A. I. Novak ◽  
Y. O. Lyashchuk
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
World Health ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Melissa Officinalis ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
World Community ◽  
Functional Product ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

The results of the development of a curd functional product with vegetable filler Melissa officinalis L. are presented. An analysis of the health status of the population carried out in recent years by the World Health Organization shows that the world community is facing acute questions related to the need to prevent the so-called “diseases of civilization”, which include diseases of the cardiovascular system, oncology, diseases associated with impaired lipid metabolism and the gastrointestinal tract, al ergii, decreased immunity, disorders of the nervous system. According to experts, many of these diseases leading to death, disability or disability have a steady upward trend. Up to 44% of the population of our country suffer from cardiovascular diseases (as of December 2019), while more than 82% have functional disorders leading to them. Malignant neoplasms and precancerous conditions are observed in 39% of the adult population, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract are found in more than 48% of the working population of the country. The solution to these problems may be the development of functional food products.

Pathophysiological Basis of COVID-19

2022 ◽  
pp. 38-54
Author(s):  
Moulay Abdelmonaim El Hidan ◽  
Mohamed Rhazi ◽  
Mohamed Merzouki ◽  
Mustapha Agnaou ◽  
Moulay Abdeljalil Ait Baamrane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Older People ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
World Health ◽  
Respiratory Dysfunction ◽  
Renal Functions ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

The World Health Organization (WHO) recognized the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) as a worldwide pandemic caused by a newly discovered coronavirus responsible for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-Cov2). The virus appeared in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and spread throughout the world, causing several mortality cases particularly in older people and those with chronic diseases. A body of evidence suggests a multi-target of SARS-Cov2, which may act beyond the respiratory system being responsible for other pathological complications, including the gastrointestinal tract, nervous, and the renal functions. The chapter will provide a literature review of the recent data on COVID-19 physiopathology involving in addition to the respiratory dysfunction all the potential physiological functions which could be independently and directly impaired by the SARS-Cov2.

scholarly journals The obesity epidemic and our gut microbiome – could it all be down to our ‘bugs’?

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Rees
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
High Energy ◽  
World Health ◽  
Positive Energy ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Obesity Epidemic ◽  
Global Epidemic ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

According to the World Health Organization, obesity is officially a global epidemic they have aptly termed – ‘Globesity’. Obesity worldwide has more than doubled since 1980, reaching 600 million in 2014, occurring in parallel with increased high-energy, low-nutrition food consumption and sedentary lifestyles – both of which result in a positive energy imbalance. These environmental factors influence our metabolism, by modifying the way our genes are expressed, and similarly those of any organisms within us, such as the 38 trillion bacterial microbes inhabiting our gastrointestinal tract (gut microbiome), compared with 30 trillion human cells in the entire body.

Dementia Care: International Perspectives

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dementia Care ◽  
World Health ◽  
Foreseeable Future ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
International Perspectives ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
The World ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Different Parts

According to estimates of the World Health Organization, the number of people living with dementia will double almost every 20 years for the foreseeable future. While in 2010, there were 35.6 million people with dementia worldwide, this number is expected to increase to 65.7 million by 2030, and to 115.4 million by 2050. The primary aim of this book Dementia Care: International Perspectives is to present arrangements for the care of people with dementia and their families in different parts of the world and to serve as a stimulus to develop new ideas for the provision of such care. While preparing this book, we asked the world’s leading experts in the field of dementia five questions—having initially gathered information about these issues through an Internet search. The results of this enquiry are shown for 45 of the countries, and the summary is presented. We have attempted to include, as far as we can, within the constraints of publishing a volume which is manageable and digestible for the reader, the descriptions of care for people with dementia in 47 countries, hoping that these descriptions will reflect the wide spread of countries, big and small, geographically diverse from all continents, and encompassing the major language and culture groups.

WHO’s International Reference Centres for the Histopathological Definition and Classification of Tumours

1963 ◽  
Vol 2 (04) ◽  
pp. 163-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Torloni
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
International Adoption ◽  
World Health ◽  
International Reference ◽  
Haematopoietic Cells ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Different Parts

The author presents the work achieved by the World Health Organization in the field of histological .nomenclatiire and classification £f human _ turnours, through International Reference Centres and co-operating centres established in different parts of the world. Pathologists are exchanging material and diagnoses, and testing a proposed classification. A total of 36 pathologists from 21 countries are involved in this type of co-operating work. The following tumour sites are now being worked upon: lung, soft tissues, breast, leukaemias and other neoplastic conditions of the haematopoietic cells and oro-pharynx. Functions and mechanisms are given in detail. The first final classification is expected to be ready by 1964 for international adoption.

scholarly journals Acute Ischemic Colitis in a Covid-19 Patient

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-65
Author(s):  
Urciuoli L ◽  
Guerriero E
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Ischemic Colitis ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
World Health ◽  
Pulmonary System ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Initial Symptoms ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by a novel strain of coronavirus called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which was first discovered in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. The virus has quickly spread around the globe and has been declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization. Although in COVID-19 respiratory symptoms predominate, there is a relevant body of evidence that initial symptoms and complications of COVID-19 are not limited to the pulmonary system, but can involve also the gastrointestinal tract. We report a case that presented with ischemic colitis in the setting of PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection.

scholarly journals Uma escola com currículo International Baccalaureate e a sua relação com a atividade física (Una escuela con un plan de estudios de Bachillerato Internacional y su relación con la actividad física) (A school with the International Baccalaureate curricul

Retos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 705-713
Author(s):  
Joao Cheira ◽  
Adilson Marques ◽  
João Martins ◽  
Miguel Peralta ◽  
Miguel Ángel González Valeiro
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
International Baccalaureate ◽  
International School ◽  
School Principal ◽  
World Health ◽  
School Sports ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Different Parts

Este estudo analisou a oferta de uma escola internacional com o currículo International Baccalaureate (IB) para que os alunos, de ambos os sexos, possam cumprir as recomendações de atividade física (AF) da Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS). Participaram 236 alunos (118 rapazes e 118 raparigas) com idades compreendidas dos 10 aos 17 anos, a diretora da escola e um grupo focal de 12 alunos. Utilizou-se mixed methods, através de entrevista com a diretora da escola, grupo focal de alunos e questionários aplicados aos alunos. Foram avaliados: a frequência no Desporto Escolar (DE); a perceção da carga horária do DE; as perspetivas sobre o currículo IB; o ambiente físico e social da escola. Após as análises, verificou-se que há mais rapazes a cumprir as recomendações de AF da OMS do que raparigas, que os alunos podem cumprir essas mesmas recomendações apenas com atividades realizadas na escola e que o currículo IB possibilita que os alunos realizem desportos variados oriundos de diferentes países. Resumen. Este estudio analizó la oferta de un colegio internacional con el plan de estudios de Bachillerato Internacional (BI) para que los alumnos, de ambos géneros, puedan cumplir con las recomendaciones de actividad física (AF) de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS). Participaron 236 estudiantes (118 niños y 118 niñas) de 10 a 17 años, el director de la escuela y un grupo focal de 12 estudiantes. Se utilizaron métodos mixtos, a través de una entrevista con el director de la escuela, un grupo focal de estudiantes y cuestionarios aplicados a los estudiantes. Se evaluaron: frecuencia en Deporte Escolar (DE); la percepción de la carga de trabajo de DE; perspectivas sobre el currículo del BI y el entorno físico y social de la escuela. Después de los análisis, se encontró que hay más niños que niñas que cumplen con las recomendaciones de AF de la OMS, que los estudiantes solo pueden cumplir estas recomendaciones con actividades realizadas en el colegio y que el currículo del IB permite a los estudiantes practicar deportes variados de diferentes países. Abstract. This study analysed what does an international school with the curriculum International Baccalaureate (IB) offer so that students from both genders can fulfil the recommendations for physical activity from the World Health Organization (WHO). A total of 236 (118 boys and 118 girls) students, ages between 10 and 17 years old participated in the study, the school principal and a focus group of 12 students also participated in the study. Mix methods were used, through interview with the school principal, focus group and the questionnaires applied to the students. It was assessed: frequency in the school sports; perception of the time given to school sports; perspectives about the IB curriculum; the physical and social environment of the school. After the analysis, it was possible to verify that there are more boys than girls following the recommendations of physical activity of the WHO. And also, that it is possible for students to follow those recommendations just with activities performed in school and that the IB curriculum gives the students the chance of practicing a variety of sports that come from different parts of the world.

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