scholarly journals Epigenetic prediction of complex traits and death

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel L McCartney ◽  
Anna J Stevenson ◽  
Stuart J Ritchie ◽  
Rosie M Walker ◽  
Qian Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Complex Traits ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Phenotypic Variance

AbstractBackgroundGenome-wide DNA methylation (DNAm) profiling has allowed for the development of molecular predictors for a multitude of traits and diseases. Such predictors may be more accurate than the self-reported phenotypes, and could have clinical applications. Here, penalised regression models were used to develop DNAm predictors for body mass index (BMI), smoking status, alcohol consumption, and educational attainment in a cohort of 5,100 individuals. Using an independent test cohort comprising 906 individuals, the proportion of phenotypic variance explained in each trait was examined for DNAm-based and genetic predictors. Receiver operator characteristic curves were generated to investigate the predictive performance of DNAm-based predictors, using dichotomised phenotypes. The relationship between DNAm scores and all-cause mortality (n = 214 events) was assessed via Cox proportional-hazards models.ResultsThe DNAm-based predictors explained different proportions of the phenotypic variance for BMI (12%), smoking (60%), alcohol consumption (12%) and education (3%). The combined genetic and DNAm predictors explained 20% of the variance in BMI, 61% in smoking, 13% in alcohol consumption, and 6% in education. DNAm predictors for smoking, alcohol, and education but not BMI predicted mortality in univariate models. The predictors showed moderate discrimination of obesity (AUC=0.67) and alcohol consumption (AUC=0.75), and excellent discrimination of current smoking status (AUC=0.98). There was poorer discrimination of college-educated individuals (AUC=0.59).ConclusionsDNAm predictors correlate with lifestyle factors that are associated with health and mortality. They may supplement DNAm-based predictors of age to identify the lifestyle profiles of individuals and predict disease risk.List of abbreviationsDNAmDNA methylationBMIBody mass indexAUCArea under the curveCpGCytosine phosphate Guanine dinucleotideEWASEpigenome-wide association studyGS:SFHSGeneration Scotland: The Scottish family health studyLBC1936Lothian birth cohort 1936LASSOLeast absolute shrinkage and selector operatorHRHazard ratioCIConfidence intervalSTRADLStratifying resilience and depression longitudinally

scholarly journals The Relationship between Body Mass Index, Obesity, and LINE-1 Methylation: A Cross-Sectional Study on Women from Southern Italy

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Andrea Maugeri ◽  
Martina Barchitta ◽  
Roberta Magnano San Lio ◽  
Giuliana Favara ◽  
Claudia La Mastra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Methylation Level ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

Uncovering the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and DNA methylation could be useful to understand molecular mechanisms underpinning the effects of obesity. Here, we presented a cross-sectional study, aiming to evaluate the association of BMI and obesity with long interspersed nuclear elements (LINE-1) methylation, among 488 women from Catania, Italy. LINE-1 methylation was assessed in leukocyte DNA by pyrosequencing. We found a negative association between BMI and LINE-1 methylation level in both the unadjusted and adjusted linear regression models. Accordingly, obese women exhibited lower LINE-1 methylation level than their normal weight counterpart. This association was confirmed after adjusting for the effect of age, educational level, employment status, marital status, parity, menopause, and smoking status. Our findings were in line with previous evidence and encouraged further research to investigate the potential role of DNA methylation markers in the management of obesity.

scholarly journals Associations of Lifestyle and Anthropometric Factors With the Risk of Herpes Zoster: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sigrun A J Schmidt ◽  
Henrik Toft Sørensen ◽  
Sinéad M Langan ◽  
Mogens Vestergaard
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Herpes Zoster ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Hazard Ratios

Abstract The role of lifestyle in development of herpes zoster remains unclear. We examined whether smoking status, alcohol consumption, body mass index, or physical activity were associated with zoster risk. We followed a population-based cohort of 101,894 respondents to the 2010 Danish National Health Survey (baseline, May 1, 2010) until zoster diagnosis, death, emigration, or July 1, 2014, whichever occurred first. We computed hazard ratios for zoster associated with each exposure, using Cox regression with age as the time scale and adjusting for potential confounders. Compared with never smokers, hazards for zoster were increased in former smokers (1.17, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06, 1.30), but not in current smokers (1.00, 95% CI: 0.89, 1.13). Compared with low-risk alcohol consumption, neither intermediate-risk (0.95, 95% CI: 0.84, 1.07) nor high-risk alcohol consumption (0.99, 95% CI: 0.85, 1.15) was associated with zoster. We also found no increased hazard associated with weekly binge drinking versus not (0.93, 95% CI: 0.77, 1.11). Risk of zoster varied little by body mass index (referent = normal weight) and physical activity levels (referent = light level), with hazard ratios between 0.96 and 1.08. We observed no dose-response association between the exposures and zoster. The examined lifestyle and anthropometric factors thus were not risk factors for zoster.

scholarly journals Alcohol consumption, body mass index and breast cancer risk by hormone receptor status: Women’ Lifestyle and Health Study

BMC Cancer ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aesun Shin ◽  
Sven Sandin ◽  
Marie Lof ◽  
Karen L. Margolis ◽  
Kyeezu Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Breast Cancer Risk ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Hormone Receptor ◽  
Hormone Receptor Status ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Receptor Status

Body mass index and depressive symptoms in primary care settings: examining the moderating roles of smoking status, alcohol consumption and vigorous exercise

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
S. A. Hooker ◽  
K. L. MacGregor ◽  
J. S. Funderburk ◽  
S. A. Maisto
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Vigorous Exercise ◽  
Primary Care Settings

scholarly journals Body Mass Index, Sex, and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Among Hispanic/Latino Adults: Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert C. Kaplan ◽  
M. Larissa Avilés‐Santa ◽  
Christina M. Parrinello ◽  
David B. Hanna ◽  
Molly Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Hispanic Community

scholarly journals Effect of Body Mass Index on the Association Between Alcohol Consumption and the Development of Chronic Kidney Disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusaku Hashimoto ◽  
Sawako Kato ◽  
Yoshinari Yasuda ◽  
Takuji Ishimoto ◽  
Hiroaki Kawashiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Models ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Although previous studies demonstrated that alcohol consumption is associated with low chronic kidney disease (CKD) risk, they did not consider individual body mass and metabolic capacity. We examined whether the body mass index (BMI) affects the association between drinking and CKD. We defined CKD as an estimated glomerular filtration rate decline < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and/or dipstick proteinuria (≥ 1+). Participants were 11,175 Japanese individuals aged 40–74 years without baseline CKD who underwent annual health checkups. Daily alcohol consumption was estimated from a questionnaire, and the participants were categorized as "infrequent drinkers," "light drinkers (< 20 g/day)," "moderate drinkers (20–40 g/day)," and "heavy drinkers (≥ 40 g/day)." Over a median 5-year observation period, 936 participants developed CKD. Cox proportional hazards models revealed that light drinkers had a significantly reduced risk of CKD compared with infrequent drinkers (P = 0.01). Stratified by BMI, the low BMI (< 18.5 kg/m2) group had an increased risk of CKD even in light drinkers, while the high BMI (≥ 25.0 kg/m2) group had a decreased risk of CKD regardless of alcohol consumption. Taken together, alcohol consumption did not reduce the CKD risk in all populations; individual tolerance must be considered.

scholarly journals Protocol and Preliminary Results of the Nutritarian Women’s Health Study: A Longitudinal Effectiveness-Implementation Hybrid Study Assessing Dietary Intake and Health Outcomes

2020 ◽  
pp. 155982761989758
Author(s):  
Jay T. Sutliffe ◽  
Julia C. Gardner ◽  
Wendy S. Wetzel ◽  
Mary Jo Carnot ◽  
Alison E. M. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Women’S Health ◽  
Women's Health ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Online Intervention ◽  
Health Study

Whole-food plant-rich dietary patterns have been shown to be associated with significant health benefits and disease-risk reduction. One such program, which has been gaining popularity, is the micronutrient-dense plant-rich (mNDPR) “Nutritarian” diet. The goal of this study is to determine the feasibility of implementing an online mNDPR “Nutritarian” intervention program and to determine the effectiveness of this program in reducing risk of chronic disease in women. The Nutritarian Women’s Health Study is a long-term online longitudinal hybrid effectiveness-implementation study. Participants are recruited through social media, medical professionals/offices, and nutrition-related events and conferences. Participants receive online nutrition education and complete regular self-reported questionnaires regarding lifestyle, nutrition practices, and health. The online intervention program appears to be feasible and effective. Some decline in dietary adherence, particularly for certain food types, was observed during the study. For groups at risk, based on body mass index or waist-to-height ratio, there were initial decreases in body mass index and waist-to-height that leveled off over time, in some cases returning to baseline measures. The study suggests the implementation of the Nutritarian dietary pattern, through an online intervention component, may be effective in reducing the risk of chronic disease, with implications for clinical and public health practice.

P3783A higher habitual flavonoid intake is associated with a lower risk of atrial fibrillation

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
N Bondonno ◽  
K Murray ◽  
C P Bondonno ◽  
J R Lewis ◽  
K D Croft ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Flavonoid Intake

Abstract Background Our understanding of how diet affects future risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) is limited. Evidence suggests that higher habitual intakes of flavonoids, bio-active compounds found in plant-based foods and beverages, lower cardiovascular disease risk, attenuate inflammation, and may have anti-arrhythmic properties. Purpose To investigate the association between flavonoid intake and clinically apparent AF in a large cohort of Danish men and women. Methods Baseline data from 55 634 participants without AF of the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health Study, recruited from 1993 to 1997, were cross-linked with Danish nationwide registries. Flavonoid intake was calculated from validated food frequency questionnaires using the Phenol-Explorer database. Associations between flavonoid intake and AF hospitalisation were examined using restricted cubic splines based on Cox proportional hazards models with adjustments for age, sex, BMI, smoking status, physical activity, alcohol intake, income, and hyperthyroidism. Results After a median [IQR] follow-up of 21 [18–22] years, 6 301 participants were hospitalised with AF. Non-linear associations were observed for total flavonoid intake and for all flavonoid sub-classes. For total flavonoid intake, after adjusting for potential lifestyle confounders and compared to participants in quintile 1 (median intake: 173 mg/day), those in quintile 3 (median intake: 320 mg/day) and quintile 4 (median intake: 494 mg/day) had a significantly lower risk of AF, with hazard ratios (95% CI) of 0.93 (0.87, 0.99) and 0.92 (0.86, 0.98), respectively. Compared to median intake in the lowest quintile, a total flavonoid intake of 1000 mg/day was associated with a lower risk of AF in smokers [0.86 (0.77, 0.96)] but not in non-smokers [0.96 (0.88, 1.05)], a lower risk of AF in high alcohol consumers [>20 g/d: 0.84 (0.75, 0.94)] but not in low-to-moderate alcohol consumers [<20 g/d: 0.97 (0.89, 1.06], a trending lower risk of AF in diabetics [0.76 (0.51, 1.14)] but not in non-diabetics [0.95 (0.89, 1.02)], and a trending lower risk of AF in those with ischaemic heart disease [0.84 (0.65, 1.09)] but not in those without [0.96 (0.89, 1.03), Figure 1]. Figure 1 Conclusion We observed an inverse association between total flavonoid intake and AF, most notably in sub-populations with known lifestyle and disease risk factors for AF. This finding warrants investigation in randomised controlled trials. If confirmed, ensuring the adequate consumption of flavonoid-rich foods, particularly in individuals “at risk”, may be an important strategy to mitigate AF risk. Acknowledgement/Funding The Danish Diet, Cancer, and Health Study was funded by the Danish Cancer Society.

scholarly journals Prediagnostic Body Mass Index and Pancreatic Cancer Survival

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (33) ◽  
pp. 4229-4234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Yuan ◽  
Ying Bao ◽  
Chen Wu ◽  
Peter Kraft ◽  
Shuji Ogino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cancer Survival ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Temporal Association ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Prospective Cohorts

Purpose Although obesity is associated with increased incidence of pancreatic cancer, studies have not prospectively evaluated prediagnostic body mass index (BMI) and survival. Patients and Methods We analyzed survival by prediagnostic BMI assessed in 1986 among 902 patients from two large prospective cohorts diagnosed from 1988 to 2010. We estimated hazard ratios (HRs) for death using Cox proportional hazards models, with adjustment for age, sex, race/ethnicity, smoking, diagnosis year, and stage. We evaluated the temporal association of BMI with survival by grouping reported BMI by 2-year lag-time intervals before diagnosis. Results The multivariable-adjusted HR for death was 1.53 (95% CI, 1.11 to 2.09) comparing patients with BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2 with those with BMI < 25 kg/m2 (P trend = .001), which was similar after adjustment for stage. The association of BMI with survival was stronger with longer lag times between reported BMI and cancer diagnosis. Among patients with BMI collected 18 to 20 years before diagnosis, HR for death was 2.31 (95% CI, 1.48 to 3.61; P trend < .001), comparing obese with healthy-weight patients. No statistically significant differences were seen by cohort, smoking status, or stage, although the association was stronger among never-smokers (HR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.01 to 2.57; P trend = .002) than ever-smokers (HR, 1.36; 95% CI, 0.86 to 2.15; P trend = .63), comparing BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2 with BMI < 25 kg/m2. Higher prediagnostic BMI was associated with more advanced stage at diagnosis, with 72.5% of obese patients presenting with metastatic disease versus 59.4% of healthy-weight patients (P = .02). Conclusion Higher prediagnostic BMI was associated with statistically significantly decreased survival among patients with pancreatic cancer from two large prospective cohorts.

Abstract WP191: Framingham Stroke Risk Score and Stroke Mortality Among Canadian Adults

Stroke ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter T Katzmarzyk ◽  
Bruce A Reeder ◽  
Susan Elliott ◽  
Michel Joffres
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Stroke Mortality ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
History Of

Background: Stroke is a leading cause of mortality among Canadian adults. There is currently very little information on the utility of stroke prediction algorithms for the Canadian population. The purpose of this study was to determine if the Framingham stroke risk prediction model (D’Agostino et al. Stroke 1994;25:40-43) was associated with stroke mortality in a population-based sample of Canadian adults. Methods: The sample included 3,163 adults 55-74 y of age who participated in the Canadian Heart Health Surveys (1986-95) and were free from stroke at baseline. The analysis includes all deaths that occurred between baseline data collection and December, 2004. A modified Framingham Stroke Score was assigned to each participant at baseline based on their age, sex, treated or untreated systolic blood pressure levels, diabetes, smoking, and history of cardiovascular disease. Data on history of atrial fibrillation and left ventricular hypertrophy were not available. Hazard ratios for all-cause and stroke mortality were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression with exam year as a covariate, and multivariable models also included body mass index, alcohol consumption and education level as covariates. Results: There were 915 deaths (70 from stroke) over 12.2 y (0.5 to 16 y) of follow-up. The hazard ratios (95% C.I.) for all-cause mortality associated with the Framingham Stroke Score were 1.12 (1.10 - 1.15) in men and 1.18 (1.15 - 1.22) in women. The hazard ratios for stroke mortality were 1.15 (1.06 - 1.25) in men and 1.22 (1.11 - 1.36) in women. When comparing men and women with scores greater than 8 and 9, respectively (median) to those with lower scores, the hazard ratios were 2.34 (1.20 - 4.58) in men and 4.81 (1.85 - 12.50) in women. The additional inclusion of body mass index, alcohol consumption and education to the models did not appreciably change the results. Conclusions: The Framingham Stroke Score is a significant predictor of all-cause and stroke mortality in Canadian adults, and the risk is independent of body mass index, alcohol consumption and education level.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document