Neev, a novel long non-coding RNA, is expressed in chaetoblasts during regeneration of Eisenia fetida

AbstractEisenia fetida, the common vermicomposting earthworm, shows robust regeneration of posterior segments removed by amputation. During the period of regeneration, the newly formed tissue initially contains only undifferentiated cells but subsequently differentiates into a variety of cell types including muscle, nerve and vasculature. Transcriptomics analysis, reported previously, provided a number of candidate non-coding RNAs that were induced during regeneration. We found that one such long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is expressed in the skin, only at the base of newly formed chaetae. The spatial organization and precise arrangement of the regenerating chaetae and the cells expressing the lncRNA on the ventral side clearly support a model wherein the regenerating tissue contains a zone of growth and cell division at the tip and a zone of differentiation at the site of amputation. The temporal expression pattern of the lncRNA, christened Neev, closely resembled the pattern of chitin synthase genes, implicated in chaetae formation. We found that the lncRNA harbours 49 sites for binding a set of four miRNAs while the Chitin Synthase 8 mRNA comprises 478 sites. The over-representation of shared miRNA sites suggests that lncRNA Neev may act as a miRNA sponge to transiently de-repress chitin synthase 8 during formation of new chaetae in the regenerating segments of Eisenia fetida.Summary statementThe earthworm, Eisenia fetida, regenerates posterior segments following amputation. The transcriptome of the regenerating worm revealed a novel lncRNA, expressed only at the base of regenerating chaetae. We propose that this lncRNA is a miRNA sponge that modulates chitin synthesis.

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Long Non-Coding RNA MAGI2-AS3 is a New Player with a Tumor Suppressive Role in High Grade Serous Ovarian Carcinoma

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers11122008 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. 2008 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Priyanka Gokulnath ◽

Tiziana de Cristofaro ◽

Ichcha Manipur ◽

Tina Di Palma ◽

Amata Amy Soriano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ovarian Carcinoma ◽

High Grade ◽

Mirna Sponge ◽

Downstream Signaling ◽

Cellular Processes ◽

Serous Ovarian Carcinoma ◽

Non Coding Rna ◽

Important Player ◽

Non Coding Rnas ◽

Long Non Coding Rna

High-Grade Serous Ovarian Carcinoma (HGSC) is the most incidental and lethal subtype of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) with a high mortality rate of nearly 65%. Recent findings aimed at understanding the pathogenesis of HGSC have attributed its principal source as the Fallopian Tube (FT). To further comprehend the exact mechanism of carcinogenesis, which is still less known, we performed a transcriptome analysis comparing FT and HGSC. Our study aims at exploring new players involved in the development of HGSC from FT, along with their signaling network, and we chose to focus on non-coding RNAs. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are increasingly observed to be the major regulators of several cellular processes and could have key functions as biological markers, as well as even a therapeutic approach. The most physiologically relevant and significantly dysregulated non-coding RNAs were identified bioinformatically. After analyzing the trend in HGSC and other cancers, MAGI2-AS3 was observed to be an important player in EOC. We assessed its tumor-suppressive role in EOC by means of various assays. Further, we mapped its signaling pathway using its role as a miRNA sponge to predict the miRNAs binding to MAGI2AS3 and showed it experimentally. We conclude that MAGI2-AS3 acts as a tumor suppressor in EOC, specifically in HGSC by sponging miR-15-5p, miR-374a-5p and miR-374b-5p, and altering downstream signaling of certain mRNAs through a ceRNA network.

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Long Non-coding RNA Regulation of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Homeostasis and Differentiation: Advances, Challenges, and Perspectives

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology ◽

10.3389/fcell.2021.711005 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Yanlei Yang ◽

Suying Liu ◽

Chengmei He ◽

Zhilei Chen ◽

Taibiao Lyu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cell ◽

Cell Types ◽

Rna Regulation ◽

Non Coding Rna ◽

Non Coding Rnas ◽

Species Specific ◽

Translational Mechanisms ◽

Long Non Coding Rna ◽

Regenerative Repair ◽

Made In

Given the self-renewal, multi-differentiation, immunoregulatory, and tissue maintenance properties, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are promising candidates for stem cell-based therapies. Breakthroughs have been made in uncovering MSCs as key contributors to homeostasis and the regenerative repair of tissues and organs derived from three germ layers. MSC differentiation into specialized cell types is sophisticatedly regulated, and accumulating evidence suggests long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as the master regulators of various biological processes including the maintenance of homeostasis and multi-differentiation functions through epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-translational mechanisms. LncRNAs are ubiquitous and generally referred to as non-coding transcripts longer than 200 bp. Most lncRNAs are evolutionary conserved and species-specific; however, the weak conservation of their sequences across species does not affect their diverse biological functions. Although numerous lncRNAs have been annotated and studied, they are nevertheless only the tip of the iceberg; the rest remain to be discovered. In this review, we characterize MSC functions in homeostasis and highlight recent advances on the functions and mechanisms of lncRNAs in regulating MSC homeostasis and differentiation. We also discuss the current challenges and perspectives for understanding the roles of lncRNAs in MSC functions in homeostasis, which could help develop promising targets for MSC-based therapies.

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LncmiRSRN: identification and analysis of long non-coding RNA related miRNA sponge regulatory network in human cancer

Bioinformatics ◽

10.1093/bioinformatics/bty525 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 34 (24) ◽

pp. 4232-4240 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Junpeng Zhang ◽

Lin Liu ◽

Jiuyong Li ◽

Thuc Duy Le

Keyword(s):

Regulatory Network ◽

Human Cancer ◽

Mirna Sponge ◽

Non Coding Rna ◽

Long Non Coding Rna

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Long Non-Coding RNA STARD13-AS Suppresses Glioma Cell Biological Activities

Archives of Medical Science ◽

10.5114/aoms/137979 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hua Shan ◽

Yijun Ma ◽

Suijun Zhu

Keyword(s):

Glioma Cell ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Glioma Cells ◽

Cell Types ◽

Vitro Study ◽

Clinicopathological Parameters ◽

Non Coding Rna ◽

Tumor Tissues ◽

Microarray Screening ◽

Long Non Coding Rna

IntroductionIt has been unclear that STARD13-AS had effects in glioma. The aim of our research was to investigate the effects of STARD13-AS in glioma development and the mechanisms underlying these effects by vitro study.Material and methodsAdjacent normal and tumor tissues were collected for long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) microarray screening. STARD13-AS expression was measured by in situ hybridization (ISH) and reverse-transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) assays, and correlations between STARD13-AS and clinicopathological parameters and prognosis were analyzed. STARD13-AS transfection of glioma cell lines (U251 and U87) was used to evaluate biological activities of cells. Western blotting (WB) and RT-qPCR assays were used to investigate the underlying mechanisms.ResultsAccording to lncRNA microarray screening, ISH, and RT-qPCR, lncRNA STARD13-AS was significantly downregulated in tumor tissues. Low STARD13-AS expression was strongly correlated with poor prognosis and malignant clinicopathology. After STARD13-AS transfection, biological activities of glioma cells were significantly decreased (P＜0.001 for both cell types). WB and RT-qPCR assays showed that protein and mRNA expression levels of cyclin D, cyclin E, N-cadherin, E-cadherin, and vimentin were significantly related to STARD13-AS overexpression (P＜0.001 in all cases).ConclusionsSTARD13-AS overexpression suppresses the biological activities of glioma cells, indicating that STARD13-AS is a potential target for glioma treatment by vitro study.

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Long non-coding RNA HOTAIR functions as miRNA sponge to promote the epithelial to mesenchymal transition in esophageal cancer

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy ◽

10.1016/j.biopha.2017.03.103 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 90 ◽

pp. 888-896 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

Feng Xu ◽

Jing Zhang

Keyword(s):

Esophageal Cancer ◽

Epithelial To Mesenchymal Transition ◽

Mirna Sponge ◽

Mesenchymal Transition ◽

Non Coding Rna ◽

Long Non Coding Rna

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Current landscape of tumor-derived exosomal ncRNAs in glioma progression, detection, and drug resistance

Cell Death and Disease ◽

10.1038/s41419-021-04430-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (12) ◽

Author(s):

Xiao He ◽

Yiwei Qi ◽

Xian Zhang ◽

Xiaojin Liu ◽

Xingbo Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Treatment Resistance ◽

Cell Types ◽

Circular Rna ◽

Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Naturally Occurring ◽

Non Coding Rna ◽

The Central Nervous System ◽

Regulatory Functions ◽

Long Non Coding Rna

AbstractGlioma is the most common and fatal tumor of the central nervous system in humans. Despite advances in surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapeutic agents, glioma still has a poor prognosis. The tumor microenvironment (TME) of glioma is of highly complex heterogeneity, which relies on a network-based communication between glioma cells and other stromal cell types. Exosomes are the most common type of naturally occurring extracellular vesicles, ranging in size from 40 to 160 nm, and can serve as carriers for proteins, RNAs, and other biologically active molecules. Recent evidence has shown that glioma-derived exosomes (GDEs) can be integrally detected in the local tissue and circulatory blood samples, and also can be transferred to recipient cells to mediate transmission of genetic information. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) mainly including microRNA, long non-coding RNA, and circular RNA, account for a large portion of the human transcriptome. A broad range of ncRNAs encapsulated in GDEs is reported to exert regulatory functions in various pathophysiological processes of glioma. Herein, this review summarizes the latest findings on the fundamental roles of GDE ncRNAs that have been implicated in glioma behaviors, immunological regulation, diagnosis potential, and treatment resistance, as well as the current limitations and perspectives. Undoubtedly, a thorough understanding of this area will provide comprehensive insights into GDE-based clinical applications for combating gliomas.

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Long Non-Coding RNA-Mediated Competing Endogenous RNA Networks in Ischemic Stroke: Molecular Mechanisms, Therapeutic Implications, and Challenges

Frontiers in Pharmacology ◽

10.3389/fphar.2021.765075 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Shuxia Zhang ◽

Ting Zhu ◽

Qiaoyu Li ◽

Guibo Sun ◽

Xiaobo Sun

Keyword(s):

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Neurovascular Unit ◽

Cell Types ◽

Messenger Rnas ◽

Competing Endogenous Rna ◽

Systematic Analysis ◽

Therapeutic Implications ◽

Non Coding Rna ◽

Long Non Coding Rna

Ischemic stroke (IS) is a disease that is characterized by high mortality and disability. Recent studies have shown that LncRNA-mediated competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks play roles in the occurrence and development of cerebral I/R injury by regulating different signaling pathways. However, no systematic analysis of ceRNA mechanisms in IS has been reported. In this review, we discuss molecular mechanisms of LncRNA-mediated ceRNA networks under I/R injury. The expression levels of LncRNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs), and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and their effects in four major cell types of the neurovascular unit (NVU) are also involved. We further summarize studies of LncRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Finally, we analyze the advantages and limitations of using LncRNAs as therapeutics for IS.

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Increased Level of Long Non-Coding RNA MALAT1 Is a Common Feature of Amoeboid Invasion

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers12051136 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. 1136 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ladislav Merta ◽

Aneta Gandalovičová ◽

Vladimír Čermák ◽

Michal Dibus ◽

Tony Gutschner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Types ◽

Mesenchymal Transition ◽

Amoeboid Cell ◽

Non Coding Rna ◽

Lncrna Malat1 ◽

Cell Invasiveness ◽

Long Non Coding Rna ◽

Cancer Cell Invasiveness ◽

Amoeboid Cells

The ability of cancer cells to adopt various migration modes (the plasticity of cancer cell invasiveness) is a substantive obstacle in the treatment of metastasis, yet still an incompletely understood process. We performed a comparison of publicly available transcriptomic datasets from various cell types undergoing a switch between the mesenchymal and amoeboid migration modes. Strikingly, lncRNA MALAT1 (metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1) was one of three genes that were found upregulated in all amoeboid cells analyzed. Accordingly, downregulation of MALAT1 in predominantly amoeboid cell lines A375m2 and A2058 resulted in decrease of active RhoA (Ras homolog family member A) and was accompanied by the amoeboid-mesenchymal transition in A375m2 cells. Moreover, MALAT1 downregulation in amoeboid cells led to increased cell proliferation. Our work is the first to address the role of MALAT1 in MAT/AMT (mesenchymal to amoeboid transition/amoeboid to mesenchymal transition) and suggests that increased MALAT1 expression is a common feature of amoeboid cells.

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