Malnutrition and associated risk factors among elderly living in Lebanese community homes

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 400-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Doumit
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Functional Impairment ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Elderly Care ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between nutritional status and associated risk factors such as:, socio-economic, physical, pathological and psychological factors, among elderly residing in Lebanese nursing homes. Design/methodology/approach – This cross-sectional study was carried out in 36 elderly care nursing homes with 2,094 residents. Of these, only 221 (11 per cent) elderly met the inclusion criteria and successfully completed the interview question. Data on socio-demographic characteristics and health conditions: oral, nutritional, depression, chronic diseases and activities of daily living, were collected. The analysis used a chi-square test and a binary logistic regression. Findings – High levels of malnourishment were found among elderly who had no jobs (p = 0.012) and had oral health problems (p = 0.038), functional impairment (p < 0.001) and depression (p = 0.021). Comorbid illnesses, however, had no significant association with nutritional status. In addition, the first and strongest predictor entered in the regression on malnutrition was functional impairment (p = 0.002) followed by oral health problems (p = 0.030) and depression (p = 0.036). Originality/value – The study is original in the sense that it emphasized the importance of three factors, autonomy, better oral and psychological health, in mediating nutritional outcomes for elderly residing in nursing homes.

scholarly journals Status kesehatan mulut dan asupan makan sebagai faktor risiko underweight pada lansia

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 188
Author(s):  
Dian Isti Angraini ◽  
Al Supartinah ◽  
Deddy Nur Wachid
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
Gingival Index ◽  
Missing Teeth ◽  
Periodontal Index

Background: Oral health status and dietary intake contribute to nutritional status in elderly. Missing teeth cause chewing disorder that reduces quality and quantity of food intake, which finally makes the elderly have underweight nutritional status.Objective: To determine the risk factors for underweight in the elderly at Yogyakarta Municipality.Method: The study was observational with case control design on elderly at Yogyakarta Municipality. Subjects consisted of 210 elderly matched in age and gender. Sampling was done by multistage random sampling. Oral health status was assessed through dental health status (index of missing teeth) and periodontal status (gingival index, periodontal index and oral hygiene index), dietary intake was collected by using semi quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQ-FFQ) and underweight nutritional status was based on body mass armspan (BMA). Data were analyzed by using tests of X2 Mc.Nemar, X2 Stuart Maxwell, and conditional logistic regression.Results: Bivariate analysis showed the number of missing teeth ≥ 21 (OR=3.67, p<0.05) and 16-20 (OR=3.53, p<0.05) as risk factors of underweight, whereas the gingival index, periodontal index and oral hygiene index were not. Less intake of energy (OR=6.3), protein (OR=7.83), fat (OR=5.67) and carbohydrates (OR=7.5) were risk factors of underweight (p<0.01). Income less than Rp 808.000,00 was also risk factor for underweight (OR=4.5; p<0.01). Multivariate analysis showed the significant risk factors for underweight were the missing teeth ≥ 21 (OR=8.76) and 16-20 (OR=6.04) which increased by income less than Rp 808.000,00 (OR=5.94), less fat intake (OR=4.88), and less carbohydrate intake (OR=5.48). Income was confounding factor in the risk of missing teeth and protein intake for becoming underweight.Conclusion: Significant risk factors of underweight in elderly were missing teeth ≥ 16, less intake of fat and carbohydrate, and income less than Rp 808.000,00.

Dental fluorosis and associated risk factors in early adolescents in India

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeep Kumar ◽  
Astha Chauhan ◽  
Arunoday Kumar ◽  
Siddharth Kumar ◽  
Anjali Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Dental Fluorosis ◽  
Early Adolescents ◽  
Madhya Pradesh ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Facial Esthetics ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Water Fluoride

AbstractBackgroundDental fluorosis has a negative impact on the facial esthetics of adolescents and is a worldwide oral health concern.ObjectiveTo assess the prevalence and associated risk factors for dental fluorosis in early adolescents in India.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study carried out on 800 adolescent school children selected from the Jhabua and Dhar districts of Madhya Pradesh, India. The children were in the of 12–15-year age group. A total of eight schools from both Jhabua and Dhar districts were included in the study. A self-administered questionnaire collected information on demographic characteristics, oral hygiene practices and various risk factors for dental fluorosis. Water samples were collected from each zone and sent to a laboratory for water fluoride estimation. Dental fluorosis was assessed using the Dean index. Chi-squared (χ2) and logistic regression analysis were performed.ResultsThe overall prevalence of dental fluorosis was found to be 40.5% in early adolescents. The prevalence of dental fluorosis was found to be 45% in the Jhabua district and 36% in the Dhar district. The water fluoride content was found to be the strongest predictor for dental fluorosis followed by the method of water storage.ConclusionDental fluorosis affects a large number of adolescents in both the Jhabua and Dhar districts of Madhya Pradesh. Effective policies focusing on oral health education and prevention of dental fluorosis need to be drafted.

scholarly journals Prevalence and associated Risk Factors of Severe Early Childhood Caries in 12- to 36-month-old Children of Sirmaur District, Himachal Pradesh, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritu G Mangla ◽  
Raman Kapur ◽  
Abhishek Dhindsa
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Day Care ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Himachal Pradesh ◽  
Day Care Centers ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Severe Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Childhood Caries

ABSTRACT Aim To assess the prevalence, distribution, and associated risk factors of severe early childhood caries (S-ECC) among 12- to 36-month-old children of district Sirmaur, Himachal Pradesh, India. Materials and methods The present study was conducted on a random sample of 510 children, both boys and girls, between 12 and 36 months of age randomly selected from various government-sponsored day-care centers, private day-care centers, and vaccination centers. Caries was recorded using World Health Organization criteria. Statistical analysis was done by using chi-square test and Mann–Whitney test. A two-sided p value was calculated for each statistical test. Multiple logistic regressions were done to calculate the risk of S-ECC from independent variables. Results In the present study, S-ECC was found in 21% of 510, 12 to 36 months old children of Sirmaur district, Himachal Pradesh. The S-ECC was found to be significantly higher in 25 to 36 months old children's age group and was 27.8% in them as compared with 8% in 12 to 24 months old children. Conclusion Providing anticipatory guidance and education to parents is essential for the promotion of optimal oral health of their children. There is a need for moving upstream to propose and implement policies and programs to improve the oral health of the very young, especially in a developing country like India, which lacks much data on S-ECC. How to cite this article Mangla RG, Kapur R, Dhindsa A, Madan M. Prevalence and associated Risk Factors of Severe Early Childhood Caries in 12- to 36-month-old Children of Sirmaur District, Himachal Pradesh, India. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017;10(2):183-187.

Nutritional Status and its Correlates in Equatorial Guinean Preschool Children: Results from a Nationally Representative Survey

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Estefanía Custodio ◽  
Miguel Ángel Descalzo ◽  
Jesús Roche ◽  
Ignacio Sánchez ◽  
Laura Molina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
World Health ◽  
Equatorial Guinea ◽  
Severe Anemia ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Who Standards ◽  
Nationally Representative

Background In Equatorial Guinea, as a result of the recent growth of the oil industry, there is an opportunity to address important public health problems through public and private initiatives. To propose effective nutrition and public health strategies, it is important first to have reliable information on the nutritional status of the population and the underlying factors affecting it. Objective To assess the nutritional status and the prevalence of anemia among Equatoguinean children in a nationally representative sample and to identify the risk factors associated with the nutritional problems detected. Methods The study was a cross-sectional survey using a multistaged, stratified, cluster-selected sample. The survey included a sociodemographic, health, and dietary questionnaire and measurement of hematocrit and anthropometric features, from which nutritional indicators based on the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) reference and the World Health Organization (WHO) standards were calculated. Logistic regression models were used for the multivariate analysis. A total of 552 children aged 0 to 60 months were surveyed. Results The overall prevalence of stunting (< −2 height-for-age z-scores [HAZ]) was 29.7% based on the NCHS reference and 35.2% based on WHO standards; the risk factors associated with stunting were age ( p < .0001), low socioeconomic status ( p = .01), and fishing by a member of the household ( p = .003) The prevalence of mild anemia (hemoglobin < 110 g/L) was 69.3%, and that of moderate or severe anemia (hemoglobin < 80 g/L) was 8.3%. The only significant risk factor associated with moderate to severe anemia was low household socioeducational level ( p = .01). Conclusions Stunting and anemia are public health problems in Equatorial Guinea. Integrated strategies, including fighting poverty and improving maternal education, should be undertaken.

scholarly journals Interplay Among the Oral Microbiome, Oral Cavity Conditions, the Host Immune Response, Diabetes Mellitus, and Its Associated-Risk Factors—An Overview

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thais de Cássia Negrini ◽  
Iracilda Zeppone Carlos ◽  
Cristiane Duque ◽  
Karina Sampaio Caiaffa ◽  
Rodrigo Alex Arthur
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Host Immune Response ◽  
Oral Microbiome ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

This comprehensive review of the literature aimed to investigate the interplay between the oral microbiome, oral cavity conditions, and host immune response in Diabetes mellitus (DM). Moreover, this review also aimed to investigate how DM related risk factors, such as advanced age, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, obesity, hypertension and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), act in promoting or modifying specific mechanisms that could potentially perpetuate both altered systemic and oral conditions. We found that poorly controlled glycemic index may exert a negative effect on the immune system of affected individuals, leading to a deficient immune response or to an exacerbation of the inflammatory response exacerbating DM-related complications. Hyperglycemia induces alterations in the oral microbiome since poor glycemic control is associated with increased levels and frequencies of periodontal pathogens in the subgingival biofilm of individuals with DM. A bidirectional relationship between periodontal diseases and DM has been suggested: DM patients may have an exaggerated inflammatory response, poor repair and bone resorption that aggravates periodontal disease whereas the increased levels of systemic pro-inflammatory mediators found in individuals affected with periodontal disease exacerbates insulin resistance. SARS-CoV-2 infection may represent an aggravating factor for individuals with DM. Individuals with DM tend to have low salivary flow and a high prevalence of xerostomia, but the association between prevalence/experience of dental caries and DM is still unclear. DM has also been associated to the development of lesions in the oral mucosa, especially potentially malignant ones and those associated with fungal infections. Obesity plays an important role in the induction and progression of DM. Co-affected obese and DM individuals tend to present worse oral health conditions. A decrease in HDL and, an increase in triglycerides bloodstream levels seem to be associated with an increase on the load of periodontopathogens on oral cavity. Moreover, DM may increase the likelihood of halitosis. Prevalence of impaired taste perception and impaired smell recognition tend to be greater in DM patients. An important interplay among oral cavity microbiome, DM, obesity and hypertension has been proposed as the reduction of nitrate into nitrite, in addition to contribute to lowering of blood pressure, reduces oxidative stress and increases insulin secretion, being these effects desirable for the control of obesity and DM. Women with PCOS tend to present a distinct oral microbial composition and an elevated systemic response to selective members of this microbial community, but the association between oral microbiome, PCOS are DM is still unknown. The results of the studies presented in this review suggest the interplay among the oral microbiome, oral cavity conditions, host immune response and DM and some of the DM associated risk factors exist. DM individuals need to be encouraged and motivated for an adequate oral health care. In addition, these results show the importance of adopting multidisciplinary management of DM and of strengthening physicians-dentists relationship focusing on both systemic and on oral cavity conditions of DM patients.

scholarly journals Dental Caries Experience in 6-13 Years Old School Children of Dharan Sub-Metropolitan City, Nepal: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
Bhawana Sigdel Bastola ◽  
Bandana Koirala ◽  
Mamta Dali ◽  
Sneha Shrestha ◽  
Dharanidhar Baral
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
School Children ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Primary Dentition ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Introduction: Dental caries though preventable oral health problem is affecting school children worldwide and around 50% of Nepalese children are suffering from it. Baseline data with good understanding of dental caries and associated risk factors are necessary to form preventive strategies for setting and achieving oral health goals. Objective: This study was conducted to determine dental caries experience and associated risk factors among school-going children of 6-13 years old in Dharan sub-metropolitan city, Nepal. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from 5th Jan 2018 to 4th Jan 2019 among 680 school children selected by multistage cluster sampling method. Pretested, standardized, closed-ended questionnaire answered by the parents was used to gather information regarding the associated risk factors. Dental caries experience was obtained from deft/DMFT (WHO modification 1997). Comparison of categorical data was done using Chi-square test. Multivariable binary logistic regressions were used for the statistical analysis. Results: The overall caries prevalence was 61.6%, in primary dentition it was 48.25% and in permanent dentition it was 34.4%. Dental caries experience was with mean deft 4.67 (±2.7) in primary dentition and mean DMFT 1.72 (±1.05).in permanent dentition. Multivariate analysis showed significant association between dental caries experience and grade three and grade four school children had experienced greater caries (p<0.05, OR =2.7). Dental caries was associated with eating sweets at night (p<0.001, OR=2.5) and snacking in-between meals (p<0.001, OR=2.5). Conclusions: Dental caries among school-children in Dharan showed a significant burden especially within the primary dentition. It was significantly associated with factors like feeding habits -eating sweets in a day, eating sweets at night and snaking in between meals

scholarly journals What Are the Risk Factors for Malnutrition in Older-Aged Institutionalized Adults?

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2857
Author(s):  
Lorenzo M. Donini ◽  
Blossom C. M. Stephan ◽  
Aldo Rosano ◽  
Alessio Molfino ◽  
Eleonora Poggiogalle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Functional Impairment ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Intervention Strategy ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Age Range

Malnutrition is common in older adults and is associated with functional impairment, reduced quality of life, and increased morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to explore the association between health (including depression), physical functioning, disability and cognitive decline, and risk of malnutrition. Participants were recruited from nursing homes in Italy and completed a detailed multidimensional geriatric evaluation. All the data analyses were completed using Stata Version 15.1. The study included 246 participants with an age range of 50 to 102 (80.4 ± 10.5). The sample was characterised by a high degree of cognitive and functional impairment, disability, and poor health and nutritional status (according to Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), 38.2% were at risk for malnutrition and 19.5% were malnourished). Using a stepwise linear regression model, age (B = −0.043, SE = 0.016, p = 0.010), depression (B = −0.133, SE = 0.052, p = 0.011), disability (B = 0.517, SE = 0.068, p < 0.001), and physical performance (B = −0.191, SE = 0.095, p = 0.045) remained significantly associated with the malnutrition risk in the final model (adjusted R-squared = 0.298). The logistic regression model incorporating age, depression, disability, and physical performance was found to have high discriminative accuracy (AUC = 0.747; 95%CI: 0.686 to 0.808) for predicting the risk of malnutrition. The results of the study confirm the need to assess nutritional status and to investigate the presence of risk factors associated with malnutrition in order to achieve effective prevention and plan a better intervention strategy.

scholarly journals Long-Term Effects of Childhood Cancer Treatment on Dentition and Oral Health: A Dentist Survey Study from the DCCSS LATER 2 Study

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 5264
Author(s):  
Juliette Stolze ◽  
Kim C. E. Vlaanderen ◽  
Frederique C. E. D. Holtbach ◽  
Jop C. Teepen ◽  
Leontien C. M. Kremer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Childhood Cancer ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Short Root ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of and independent risk factors for long-term effects of childhood cancer treatment on the dentition and oral health in childhood cancer survivors (CCSs). Methods: This cross-sectional study is part of the Dutch Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (DCCSS) LATER 2. CCSs were diagnosed with cancer between 1963 and 2001. This study focuses on survey data of 154 CCSs on whom information about their oral health was received from their dentists (71.3%). Descriptive statistics and univariable and multivariable Poisson regression analyses were performed to determine the association between treatment characteristics and oral health data. Results: Of the study group, 36.3% had at least one DDD. The most prevalent DDDs were short-root anomaly (14.6%), agenesis (14.3%), and microdontia (13.6%). Risk factors for at least one DDD were younger age at diagnosis (<3 years) and dose-dependent alkylating agent therapy. Conclusions: This study provides more insight into risk factors for oral health problems in Dutch CCSs. This information is essential in order to improve early detection, prevention, dental care, and quality of life. Further studies are needed in order to better define dose-related radiotherapy exposure of the developing teeth in correlation with oral health problems.

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