Soy Protein and Cardiovascular Disease: The Impact of Bioactive Components in Soy

2009 ◽  
Vol 56 (8) ◽  
pp. 231-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan M. Potter
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Soy Protein ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
The Impact

Dietary flaxseed: what we know and don’t know about its effects on cardiovascular disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihir Parikh ◽  
Grant N. Pierce
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Unique Combination ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Know How ◽  
Human Trials ◽  
System A ◽  
Whole Seed ◽  
The Impact

Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) is composed of a unique combination of bioactive components that appear to generate, through either an isolated or a synergistic action, a significant beneficial effect on the cardiovascular system. With a significant increase in the generation of data on the dietary impact of flaxseed on the cardiovascular system, a review of where we stand — what we know and what we still need to understand about these effects on the heart and the vasculature — was thought to be of value and the rationale for this paper. For example, although we now know how to deliver the bioactives most efficiently (oil versus ground seed versus whole seed), we do not know how different foods can influence that delivery. Further, we know flaxseed has anti-arrhythmic, anti-atherogenic, anti-hypertensive, and cholesterol-lowering actions in animal studies and some selected human trials but much more needs to be learned, particularly in human trials. These results have justified further commitment of resources to the initiation of human trials. Because of the impact of nutrition on many chronic diseases, this may not only be true for the effects of flaxseed on cardiovascular disease but may be just as relevant for many other disease conditions.

IDENTIFICATION AND ASSESSMENT OF RISK FACTORS ROLE IN MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION DEVELOPMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 779-783
Author(s):  
Victor A. Ognev ◽  
Anna A. Podpriadova ◽  
Anna V. Lisova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Biological Factors ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
High Level ◽  
Social Importance ◽  
The Impact

Introduction:The high level of morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease is largely due toinsufficient influence on the main risk factors that contribute to the development of myocardial infarction.Therefore, a detailed study and assessment of risk factors is among the most important problems of medical and social importance. The aim: To study and evaluate the impact of biological, social and hygienic, social and economic, psychological, natural and climatic risk factors on the development of myocardial infarction. Materials and methods: A sociological survey was conducted in 500 people aged 34 to 85. They were divided into two groups. The main group consisted of 310 patients with myocardial infarction. The control group consisted of 190 practically healthy people, identical by age, gender and other parameters, without diseases of the cardiovascular system. Results: It was defined that 30 factors have a significant impact on the development of myocardial infarction.Data analysis revealed that the leading risk factors for myocardial infarction were biological and socio-hygienic. The main biological factors were: hypertension and hypercholesterolemia. The man socio-hygienic factor was smoking. Conclusions: Identification of risk factors provides new opportunities for the development of more effective approaches for the prevention and treatment of myocardial infarction.

scholarly journals Impact of type 2 diabetes and microvascular complications on mortality and cardiovascular outcomes in a multiethnic Asian population

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e001413
Author(s):  
Jonathan Yap ◽  
Kamalesh Anbalakan ◽  
Wan Ting Tay ◽  
Daniel Ting ◽  
Carol Yim Cheung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cardiovascular Outcomes ◽  
Microvascular Complication ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hba1c Levels

IntroductionDiabetes mellitus is a growing public health epidemic in Asia. We examined the impact of type 2 diabetes, glycemic control and microvascular complications on mortality and cardiovascular outcomes in a multiethnic population-based cohort of Asians without prior cardiovascular disease.Research design and methodsThis was a prospective population-based cohort study in Singapore comprising participants from the three major Asian ethnic groups: Chinese, Malays and Indians, with baseline examination in 2004–2011. Participants with type 1 diabetes and those with cardiovascular disease at baseline were excluded. Type 2 diabetes, Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels and presence of microvascular complications (diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy) were defined at baseline. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), defined as a composite of cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke and revascularization, collected using a national registry.ResultsA total of 8541 subjects were included, of which 1890 had type 2 diabetes at baseline. Subjects were followed for a median of 6.4 (IQR 4.8–8.8) years. Diabetes was a significant predictor of mortality (adjusted HR 1.74, 95% CI 1.45 to 2.08, p<0.001) and MACE (adjusted HR 1.64, 95% CI 1.39 to 1.93, p<0.001). In those with diabetes, higher HbA1c levels were associated with increased MACE rates (adjusted HR (per 1% increase) 1.18, 95% CI 1.11 to 1.26, p<0.001) but not mortality (p=0.115). Subjects with two microvascular complications had significantly higher mortality and MACE compared with those with only either microvascular complication (adjusted p<0.05) and no microvascular complication (adjusted p<0.05).ConclusionDiabetes is a significant predictor of mortality and cardiovascular morbidity in Asian patients without prior cardiovascular disease. Among patients with type 2 diabetes, poorer glycemic control was associated with increased MACE but not mortality rates. Greater burden of microvascular complications identified a subset of patients with poorer outcomes.

scholarly journals Long-term body mass index changes in overweight and obese adults and the risk of heart failure, cardiovascular disease and mortality: a cohort study of over 260,000 adults in the UK

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Iyen ◽  
Stephen Weng ◽  
Yana Vinogradova ◽  
Ralph K. Akyea ◽  
Nadeem Qureshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
World Health ◽  
Obese Adults ◽  
Bmi Trajectories ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Although obesity is a well-recognised risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), the impact of long-term body mass index (BMI) changes in overweight or obese adults, on the risk of heart failure, CVD and mortality has not been quantified. Methods This population-based cohort study used routine UK primary care electronic health data linked to secondary care and death-registry records. We identified adults who were overweight or obese, free from CVD and who had repeated BMI measures. Using group-based trajectory modelling, we examined the BMI trajectories of these individuals and then determined incidence rates of CVD, heart failure and mortality associated with the different trajectories. Cox-proportional hazards regression determined hazards ratios for incident outcomes. Results 264,230 individuals (mean age 49.5 years (SD 12.7) and mean BMI 33.8 kg/m2 (SD 6.1)) were followed-up for a median duration of 10.9 years. Four BMI trajectories were identified, corresponding at baseline, with World Health Organisation BMI classifications for overweight, class-1, class-2 and class-3 obesity respectively. In all four groups, there was a small, stable upwards trajectory in BMI (mean BMI increase of 1.06 kg/m2 (± 3.8)). Compared with overweight individuals, class-3 obese individuals had hazards ratios (HR) of 3.26 (95% CI 2.98–3.57) for heart failure, HR of 2.72 (2.58–2.87) for all-cause mortality and HR of 3.31 (2.84–3.86) for CVD-related mortality, after adjusting for baseline demographic and cardiovascular risk factors. Conclusion The majority of adults who are overweight or obese retain their degree of overweight or obesity over the long term. Individuals with stable severe obesity experience the worst heart failure, CVD and mortality outcomes. These findings highlight the high cardiovascular toll exacted by continuing failure to tackle obesity.

scholarly journals Impact of established cardiovascular disease on 10-year death after coronary revascularization for complex coronary artery disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rutao Wang ◽  
Scot Garg ◽  
Chao Gao ◽  
Hideyuki Kawashima ◽  
Masafumi Ono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Revascularization ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Vital Status ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Aims To investigate the impact of established cardiovascular disease (CVD) on 10-year all-cause death following coronary revascularization in patients with complex coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods The SYNTAXES study assessed vital status out to 10 years of patients with complex CAD enrolled in the SYNTAX trial. The relative efficacy of PCI versus CABG in terms of 10-year all-cause death was assessed according to co-existing CVD. Results Established CVD status was recorded in 1771 (98.3%) patients, of whom 827 (46.7%) had established CVD. Compared to those without CVD, patients with CVD had a significantly higher risk of 10-year all-cause death (31.4% vs. 21.7%; adjusted HR: 1.40; 95% CI 1.08–1.80, p = 0.010). In patients with CVD, PCI had a non-significant numerically higher risk of 10-year all-cause death compared with CABG (35.9% vs. 27.2%; adjusted HR: 1.14; 95% CI 0.83–1.58, p = 0.412). The relative treatment effects of PCI versus CABG on 10-year all-cause death in patients with complex CAD were similar irrespective of the presence of CVD (p-interaction = 0.986). Only those patients with CVD in ≥ 2 territories had a higher risk of 10-year all-cause death (adjusted HR: 2.99, 95% CI 2.11–4.23, p < 0.001) compared to those without CVD. Conclusions The presence of CVD involving more than one territory was associated with a significantly increased risk of 10-year all-cause death, which was non-significantly higher in complex CAD patients treated with PCI compared with CABG. Acceptable long-term outcomes were observed, suggesting that patients with established CVD should not be precluded from undergoing invasive angiography or revascularization. Trial registration SYNTAX: ClinicalTrials.gov reference: NCT00114972. SYNTAX Extended Survival: ClinicalTrials.gov reference: NCT03417050. Graphic abstract

scholarly journals Impact of cardiovascular disease and risk factors on fatal outcomes in patients with COVID-19 according to age: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Heart ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. heartjnl-2020-317901
Author(s):  
SungA Bae ◽  
So Ree Kim ◽  
Mi-Na Kim ◽  
Wan Joo Shim ◽  
Seong-Mi Park
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Lower Prevalence ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
The Impact

ObjectivePrevious studies that evaluated cardiovascular risk factors considered age as a potential confounder. We aimed to investigate the impact of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its risk factors on fatal outcomes according to age in patients with COVID-19.MethodsA systematic literature review and meta-analysis was performed on data collected from PubMed and Embase databases up to 11 June 2020. All observational studies (case series or cohort studies) that assessed in-hospital patients were included, except those involving the paediatric population. Prevalence rates of comorbid diseases and clinical outcomes were stratified by mean patient age in each study (ranges: <50 years, 50–60 years and ≥60 years). The primary outcome measure was a composite fatal outcome of severe COVID-19 or death.ResultsWe included 51 studies with a total of 48 317 patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection. Overall, the relative risk of developing severe COVID-19 or death was significantly higher in patients with risk factors for CVD (hypertension: OR 2.50, 95% CI 2.15 to 2.90; diabetes: 2.25, 95% CI 1.89 to 2.69) and CVD (3.11, 95% 2.55 to 3.79). Younger patients had a lower prevalence of hypertension, diabetes and CVD compared with older patients; however, the relative risk of fatal outcomes was higher among the former.ConclusionsThe results of the meta-analysis suggest that CVD and its risk factors (hypertension and diabetes) were closely related to fatal outcomes in COVID-19 for patients across all ages. Although young patients had lower prevalence rates of cardiovascular comorbidities than elderly patients, relative risk of fatal outcome in young patients with hypertension, diabetes and CVD was higher than in elderly patients.Prospero registration numberCRD42020198152.

scholarly journals Consumption of dairy products and cardiovascular disease risk: results from the French prospective cohort NutriNet-Santé

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-37
Author(s):  
Laury Sellem ◽  
Bernard Srour ◽  
Kim G. Jackson ◽  
Serge Hercberg ◽  
Pilar Galan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Dairy Consumption ◽  
Fermented Dairy ◽  
The Impact

Abstract In France, dairy products contribute to dietary saturated fat intake, of which reduced consumption is often recommended for cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention. Epidemiological evidence on the association between dairy consumption and CVD risk remains unclear, suggesting either null or inverse associations. This study aimed to investigate the associations between dairy consumption (overall and specific foods) and CVD risk in a large cohort of French adults. This prospective analysis included participants aged ≥ 18 years from the NutriNet-Santé cohort (2009–2019). Daily dietary intakes were collected using 24h-dietary records. Total dairy, milk, cheese, yogurts, fermented and reduced-fat dairy intakes were investigated. CVD cases (n=1,952) included cerebrovascular (n=878 cases) and coronary heart diseases (CHD, n=1,219 cases). Multivariable Cox models were performed to investigate associations. This analysis included n=104,805 French adults (mean age at baseline 42.8 years (SD 14.6)), mean follow-up 5.5 years (SD 3.0, i.e. 579,155 persons years). There were no significant associations between dairy intakes and total CVD or CHD risks. However, the consumption of at least 160 g/d of fermented dairy (e.g. cheese and yogurts) was associated with a reduced risk of cerebrovascular diseases compared to intakes below 57 g/d (HR=0.81 [0.66-0.98], p-trend=0.01). Despite being a major dietary source of saturated fats, dairy consumption was not associated with CVD or CHD risks in this study. However, fermented dairy was associated with a lower cerebrovascular disease risk. Robust randomized controlled trials are needed to further assess the impact of consuming different dairy foods on CVD risk and potential underlying mechanisms.

The impact of gender on outcomes in patients with chronic total coronary occlusions undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: results from a Dutch nationwide registry including 7560 patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Van Veelen ◽  
J Elias ◽  
I.M Van Dongen ◽  
J.P.S Henriques ◽  
P Knaapen
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ◽  
Survival Curve ◽  
Coronary Intervention ◽  
Chronic Total Occlusions ◽  
Nationwide Registry ◽  
Percutaneous Coronary ◽  
Baseline Characteristics ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Females comprise a minority of patients with chronic total occlusions (CTO). It is known that men have a greater benefit from CTO percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) than women. We aimed to determine gender-based differences in baseline characteristics and outcomes after PCI in patients with CTO. Methods The Netherlands Heart Registration (NHR) is a nationwide registry that registers outcomes of cardiac interventions. For the purpose of this analysis, the data of all patients undergoing PCI from inception of the NHR to December 2018 were selected, that included PCI with at least one CTO in one of the treated coronary arteries. We compared baseline characteristics and the outcomes 1 year mortality, 30 day myocardial infarction (MI) and target vessel revascularization (TVR) &lt;1 year between men and women. Results A total of 7560 patients were identified that underwent PCI between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2018 with at least 1 CTO in the treated vessel. A total of 5850 was male (77.4%) and 1710 was female (22.6%). Women were older (68.5±10.6 versus 64.7±10.6 years old, p&lt;0.001), and more frequently had diabetes (29.4% [n=529] versus 25.0% [n=1602], p&lt;0.001) and kidney disease (4.5% [n=529] versus 2.2% [n=142], p&lt;0.001). However, men had more extensive cardiovascular disease, i.e. multi-vessel disease (56.0% [n=3584] versus 50.4% [n=912], p&lt;0.001), previous MI (39.7% [n=2527] versus 31.0% [n=555], p&lt;0.001), previous PCI (48.2% [n=1967] versus 40.2% [n=455], p&lt;0.001) and previous coronary artery bypass grafting (16.8% [n=1085] versus 10.5% [n=191], p&lt;0.001) and more frequently presented with an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, compared to women (2.1% [n=136] versus 1.1% [n=20], p=0.004). The 1-year mortality was higher in women (10.3% versus 7.5%, p&lt;0.001), as well as the 30-day MI (0.9% versus 0.4%, p=0.043), but men had higher risk for TVR&lt;1 year (11.7% versus 9.5%, p=0.044). Corrected for age and comorbidities, female gender was an independent predictor for mortality (Figure 1; odds ratio 1.83, 95% confidence interval 1.08–3.11, p=0.025). Conclusion In this nationwide registry comprising 7560 CTO patients undergoing PCI, significant gender-based differences were found. Males were found to have more extensive cardiovascular disease. However, females were at higher risk of mortality, possibly due to higher age and higher prevalence of concomitant comorbidities. Figure 1. Survival curve Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

scholarly journals Diversity of Plant Sterols Metabolism: The Impact on Human Health, Sport, and Accumulation of Contaminating Sterols

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1623
Author(s):  
Arthur T. Kopylov ◽  
Kristina A. Malsagova ◽  
Alexander A. Stepanov ◽  
Anna L. Kaysheva
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Intestinal Microflora ◽  
Plant Sterols ◽  
Anabolic Effect ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Sport ◽  
The Impact

The way of plant sterols transformation and their benefits for humans is still a question under the massive continuing revision. In fact, there are no receptors for binding with sterols in mammalians. However, possible biotransformation to steroids that can be catalyzed by gastro-intestinal microflora, microbial cells in prebiotics or cytochromes system were repeatedly reported. Some products of sterols metabolization are capable to imitate resident human steroids and compete with them for the binding with corresponding receptors, thus affecting endocrine balance and entire physiology condition. There are also tremendous reports about the natural origination of mammalian steroid hormones in plants and corresponding receptors for their binding. Some investigations and reports warn about anabolic effect of sterols, however, there are many researchers who are reluctant to believe in and have strong opposing arguments. We encounter plant sterols everywhere: in food, in pharmacy, in cosmetics, but still know little about their diverse properties and, hence, their exact impact on our life. Most of our knowledge is limited to their cholesterol-lowering influence and protective effect against cardiovascular disease. However, the world of plant sterols is significantly wider if we consider the thousands of publications released over the past 10 years.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document