Dietary Mannan‐oligosaccharides potentiate the beneficial effects of
            Bifidobacterium bifidum
            in broiler chicken

AbstractThis study investigated the role of dietary prebiotic mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS), and probiotic Bifidobacterium bifidum (BFD) in lipid metabolism, deposition, and consequent health indices in broiler chicken. The supplementation of 0.2% MOS along with either 106 or 107 CFU BFD/g feed resulted in downregulation of Acetyl-CoA carboxylase, fatty acid synthase, sterolregulatory element binding protein-1, and apolipoprotein B100; and up-regulation of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-α AMP-activated protein kinase α-1, and stearoyl CoA (∆9) desaturase-1 hepatic expression in broiler chicken. The birds supplemented with 0.2% MOS along with either 106 or 107 CFU BFD/g feed depicted lower body fat percentage, palmitic acid, stearic acid, and saturated fatty acid contents, whereas, higher palmitoleic acid, oleic acid, and MUFA contents were observed. The ∆9-desaturase indices of chicken meat have shown higher values; and elongase index (only thigh) and thioesterase index have shown lower values in birds supplemented with 0.2% MOS along with either 106 or 107 CFU BFD/g feed. The meat health indices such as Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA)/Saturated fatty acids (SFA) ratio, Mono-saturated fatty acids (MUFA)/SFA ratio, unsaturated fatty acids (UFA)/SFA ratio, hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic fatty acid ratio, saturation index, atherogenic index, thrombogenic index, and hypercholesterolemic fatty acid content were positively improved in birds supplemented with 0.2% MOS along with either 106 or 107 CFU BFD/g feed. Similarly, the birds supplemented with 0.2% MOS along with either 106 or 107 CFU BFD/g feed have shown lower serum triglyceride and total cholesterol levels along with higher high density levels and improved serum health indices cardiac risk ratio, atherogenic coefficient, and, atherogenic index of plasma.

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Influence of beta-glucan, Mannan oligosaccharides and their Combination on Performance of Broiler Chicken

International Journal of Livestock Research ◽

10.5455/ijlr.20210820020138 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Kushal Taye ◽

Mahalsakant Nikam ◽

Manik Dhumal ◽

kakasaheb khose ◽

Vitthal Munde

Keyword(s):

Broiler Chicken ◽

Beta Glucan ◽

Mannan Oligosaccharides

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Enzymatic Adaptation of Bifidobacterium bifidum to Host Glycans, Viewed from Glycoside Hydrolyases and Carbohydrate-Binding Modules

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms8040481 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 481 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Toshihiko Katoh ◽

Miriam N. Ojima ◽

Mikiyasu Sakanaka ◽

Hisashi Ashida ◽

Aina Gotoh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Sources ◽

Bifidobacterium Bifidum ◽

Glycoside Hydrolases ◽

Altruistic Behavior ◽

Carbohydrate Binding ◽

Human Gut ◽

Genetic Characteristics ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Carbohydrate Binding Modules ◽

Enzymatic Machinery

Certain species of the genus Bifidobacterium represent human symbionts. Many studies have shown that the establishment of symbiosis with such bifidobacterial species confers various beneficial effects on human health. Among the more than ten (sub)species of human gut-associated Bifidobacterium that have significantly varied genetic characteristics at the species level, Bifidobacterium bifidum is unique in that it is found in the intestines of a wide age group, ranging from infants to adults. This species is likely to have adapted to efficiently degrade host-derived carbohydrate chains, such as human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) and mucin O-glycans, which enabled the longitudinal colonization of intestines. The ability of this species to assimilate various host glycans can be attributed to the possession of an adequate set of extracellular glycoside hydrolases (GHs). Importantly, the polypeptides of those glycosidases frequently contain carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs) with deduced affinities to the target glycans, which is also a distinct characteristic of this species among members of human gut-associated bifidobacteria. This review firstly describes the prevalence and distribution of B. bifidum in the human gut and then explains the enzymatic machinery that B. bifidum has developed for host glycan degradation by referring to the functions of GHs and CBMs. Finally, we show the data of co-culture experiments using host-derived glycans as carbon sources, which underpin the interesting altruistic behavior of this species as a cross-feeder.

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Whey/Broken Chickpea Extract for manufacture of Probiotic Frozen Yoghurt

Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science Journal ◽

10.12944/crnfsj.7.3.20 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 807-818

Author(s):

Fawzia Abd Rabo ◽

M. A. Azzam ◽

Omaima M. Dewidar

Keyword(s):

Lactobacillus Acidophilus ◽

Dairy Products ◽

Milk Powder ◽

Skim Milk ◽

Streptococcus Thermophilus ◽

Skim Milk Powder ◽

Bifidobacterium Bifidum ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Probiotic Dairy Products ◽

Micro Organisms

Probiotic frozen yoghurt is one of the ideal probiotic dairy products for delivery of live probiotic micro-organisms to human diet and thus to human intestinal tract. Probiotic micro-organisms have beneficial effects on human health. These benefits include improvements to the intestinal microflora, anti tumoral activity, reduction of cholesterol in the blood, increased immune response and other health benefits. In this study five probiotic frozen yoghurt mixtures were prepared, Acontrol (mainly from fresh skim milk and skim milk powder), B (mainly from whey/broken chickpea extract and milled chickpea grains), AB25 (75% A + 25% B), AB50 (50% A + 50% B) and AB75 (25% A + 75% B). The resultant frozen yoghurts were sensory evaluated. Panelists arranged their preference as Acontrol> AB25> AB50> AB75> B. Physically, the melting resistance of frozen yoghurt increased with the increase of chickpea ingredients. Nutritionally, chickpea frozen yoghurt contained nutrients not found in Acontrol such as dietary fibers, iron, branched chain amino acids, zinc and vitamins B3, B9 and E. Microbiologically, the viable counts of ABT culture strains (Lactobacillus acidophilus + Bifidobacterium bifidum + Streptococcus thermophilus) in all frozen yoghurt samples remained within the limits recommended for the probiotic products. Microbiologically, large numbers (> 107 cfu/g) of probiotic microorganisms present in all stored samples indicated that the resulting frozen yogurt could represent a good source of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium bifidum and commercially, this product was included in probiotic dairy products.

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Living cells of probiotic Bifidobacterium bifidum YIT 10347 detected on gastric mucosa in humans

Beneficial Microbes ◽

10.3920/bm2015.0138 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 319-326 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

H. Shibahara-Sone ◽

A. Gomi ◽

T. Iino ◽

M. Kano ◽

C. Nonaka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gastric Mucosa ◽

Human Study ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Probiotic Strain ◽

Bifidobacterium Bifidum ◽

Human Gastric Mucosa ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

H Pylori

The probiotic strain Bifidobacterium bifidum YIT 10347 has been demonstrated to inhibit Helicobacter pylori activity, prevent injury to the gastric mucosa, and improve general gastric malaise symptoms in H. pylori positive patients. This study aimed to investigate the adhering activity and localisation of B. bifidum YIT 10347 to gastric cells and tissue in vitro, and in human in vivo to clarify the mechanism of its beneficial effects on the stomach. The in vitro study found the adhesion rate of B. bifidum YIT 10347 to human gastric epithelial cells was about 10 times higher than that of lactic acid bacteria and other bifidobacteria. In the human study, 5 H. pylori negative and 12 H. pylori positive subjects ingested milk fermented with B. bifidum YIT 10347. B. bifidum YIT 10347 cells were measured by RT-qPCR for in gastric biopsy samples. Living B. bifidum YIT 10347 cells were detected in the biopsy samples in H. pylori negative subjects (105 cells/g and 104 cells/g at 1 h and 2 h after ingestion, respectively) and H. pylori positive subjects (104 cells/g at 1 h after the ingestion). Moreover, immunostaining analysis of tissue sections found that B. bifidum YIT 10347 cells were located at the interstitial mucin layer of the stomach. These results suggest that cells of probiotic B. bifidum YIT 10347 adhered to the human gastric mucosa in a live state, and that the higher adhering activity of B. bifidum YIT 10347 to the gastric mucosa may be involved in its beneficial effects on the human stomach.

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Dried yeast cell walls high in beta-glucan and mannan-oligosaccharides positively affect microbial composition and activity in the canine gastrointestinal tract in vitro

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skaa173 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 98 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Pieter Van den Abbeele ◽

Cindy Duysburgh ◽

Maike Rakebrandt ◽

Massimo Marzorati

Keyword(s):

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Distal Colon ◽

Outer Cell ◽

Beta Glucan ◽

Microbial Composition ◽

Consistent Finding ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Health Related ◽

Mannan Oligosaccharides

Abstract The outer cell wall of yeast is characterized by high levels of β-glucans and mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS), which have been linked with beneficial effects on intestinal health and immune status in dogs. In this study, a standardized in vitro simulation of the canine gastrointestinal tract (Simulator of the Canine Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem; SCIME) was used to evaluate the effect of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae-based product, consisting of 27.5% β-glucans and 22.5% MOS, on the activity (as assessed by measurement of fermentative metabolites) and composition (as assessed by 16S-targeted Illumina sequencing) of canine intestinal microbiota. The S. cerevisiae-based product was tested at three different dosages, i.e., 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 g/d. A dose-dependent fermentation pattern was observed along the entire length of the colon, as shown by the increased production of the health-related acetate, propionate, and butyrate for the three concentrations tested (0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 g/d). A consistent finding for all three tested concentrations was the increased propionate production (P < 0.05) in the simulated proximal and distal colon. These changes in terms of fermentative metabolites could be linked to specific microbial alterations at the family level, such as the specific stimulation of the propionate-producing families Porphyromonadaceae and Prevotellaceae upon in vitro exposure to the S. cerevisiae-based product. Other consistent changes in community composition upon repeated exposure included the decrease in the Enterobacteriaceae and the Fusobacteriaceae families, which both contain several potentially opportunistic pathogens. Altogether, the generated data support a possible health-promoting role of a product high in β-glucans and MOS when supplemented to the dogs’ diet.

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Assessment of Probiotic Potential and Antagonistic Characteristics of Bifidobacterium bifidum Isolated from Infant Feces against Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli

10.20944/preprints201907.0137.v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Muhammad Ashraf ◽

Rehana Kanwal ◽

Iahtasham Khan ◽

Sadia Munir ◽

Rizwan Aslam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Bifidobacterium Bifidum ◽

Mice Model ◽

E Coli ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Probiotic Potential ◽

Before And After ◽

Agar Well Diffusion Assay

Enteropathogenic microorganisms like Escherichia coli cause severe intestinal problems by disrupting the gut homeostasis. The live microorganisms, when given in adequate quantities provide several beneficial effects to the host are known as probiotics. One of the pronounced benefits conferred by probiotic is to antagonize the growth of enteropathogens competing for adherence to the intestinal epithelium. Bifidobacterium is the major genera of human especially infant are intestinal microbiota. In current study, Bifidobacterium bifidum was isolated from the infant stools and probiotic potential was assessed using prescribed tolerance tests against low pH, gastric juices and bile salts. Anti-infectious activity of probiotic Bifidobacterium bifidum against enteropathogenic E. coli was checked both in vitro and in vivo using agar well diffusion assay and mice model respectively. Mice feces were evaluated for both Bifidobacterium bifidum and E. coli counts in all groups and analyzed statistically. In vitro results showed Bifidobacterium bifidum possess marked antibacterial activity against E. coli. There was significant decrease in enteropathogenic E. coli burden in the mice group fed with Bifidobacterium bifidum before and after challenge. In conclusion, the endogenous Bifidobacterium bifidum have excellent probiotic potential and can be used prophylactic and treatment option against enteropathogens.

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Effects of Phenylpyruvate on the Growth Performance and Intestinal Microbiota in Broiler Chicken

10.20944/preprints202107.0183.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mir Zulqarnain Talpur ◽

Peng Wentong ◽

Yuxian Zeng ◽

Peipei Xie ◽

Jincheng Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Broiler Chicken ◽

Aromatic Amino Acids ◽

Basal Diet ◽

High Dose ◽

Gut Health ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Slaughter Performance ◽

Cell Surface Structure

The purpose of this study was to see how dietary supplementation with phenylpyruvate affected broiler chicken growth, slaughter performance, gut health microbiota, and immunity. A total of 288 day old broiler chickens were randomly assigned to one of four groups (6 replicates each with 12 chicken). NC (basal diet), PC (basal diet plus antibiotic virginiamycin 15ppm), LCP and HCP (basal diet plus phenylpyruvate 1kg/t and 2kg/t, respectively). Results showed that PC had higher ADFI during the first 21 days, and better FCR than the NC, the LCP and HCP also improved broilers’ FCR 0.001 and 0.037% in relation to NC respectively. HCP has a higher all-eviscerated ratio than NC and less abdominal fat than LCP. HCP has increased villus length and crypt depth in the ileum compared to the NC. Bursa was lower in HCP and thymus was lower in LCP and PC. In contrast HCP have lower pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1, as well as lower TLR4. The phenylpyruvate improved family Selenomonadaceae, genus Megamonas Bacteroides species that are known for beneficial effects like for maintenance of the cell surface structure, regulating aromatic amino acids and C. jejuni-suppressive treatment respectively. Finally, phenylpyruvate feed supplement can be utilized to improve growth performance and positively modulate gut microbiota, however this is less efficient than antibiotics in improving growth performance, although more efficient in improving productive performance and gut morphology. Moreover, high dose of phenylpyruvate is more effective than low dose

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Progress on Gut Health Maintenance and Antibiotic Alternatives in Broiler Chicken Production

Frontiers in Nutrition ◽

10.3389/fnut.2021.692839 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Qidong Zhu ◽

Peng Sun ◽

Bingkun Zhang ◽

LingLian Kong ◽

Chuanpi Xiao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Broiler Chicken ◽

Animal Husbandry ◽

Complete Removal ◽

Livestock Production ◽

Feed Additives ◽

Gut Health ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Growth Promoters ◽

Health Maintenance ◽

Beneficial Effects

The perturbation of gut health is a common yet unresolved problem in broiler chicken production. Antibiotics used as growth promoters have remarkably improved the broiler production industry with high feed conversion efficiency and reduced intestinal problems. However, the misuse of antibiotics has also led to the increase in the development of antibiotic resistance and antibiotic residues in the meat. Many countries have enacted laws prohibiting the use of antibiotics in livestock production because of the increasing concerns from the consumers and the public. Consequently, one of the most significant discussions in the poultry industry is currently antibiotic-free livestock production. However, the biggest challenge in animal husbandry globally is the complete removal of antibiotics. The necessity to venture into antibiotic-free production has led researchers to look for alternatives to antibiotics in broiler chicken production. Many strategies can be used to replace the use of antibiotics in broiler farming. In recent years, many studies have been conducted to identify functional feed additives with similar beneficial effects as antibiotic growth promoters. Attention has been focused on prebiotics, probiotics, organic acids, emulsifiers, enzymes, essential oils, tributyrin, and medium-chain fatty acids. In this review, we focused on recent discoveries on gut health maintenance through the use of these functional feed additives as alternatives to antibiotics in the past 10 years to provide novel insights into the design of antibiotic-free feeds.

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Dietary Mannan Oligosaccharides Modulate Gut Inflammatory Response and Improve Duodenal Villi Height in Post-Weaning Piglets Improving Feed Efficiency

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani10081283 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 1283 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Alessandro Agazzi ◽

Vera Perricone ◽

Fabio Omodei Zorini ◽

Silvia Sandrini ◽

Elena Mariani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Feed Efficiency ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Gut Health ◽

Microbial Composition ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

And Performance ◽

Factor Α ◽

Weaning Piglets ◽

Mannan Oligosaccharides

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) on gut health and performance in post-weaning piglets. In total, 40 piglets were divided into two experimental groups and fed a basal diet with (TRT) or without (CON) 0.2% mannan oligosaccharides for 35 days. Growth performance was determined weekly and faecal microbial composition on days 0, 14 and 35. On day 36, histometrical evaluations were performed on duodenal, jejunal, ileal, and colon samples. mRNA gene expression of inflammation-related genes was evaluated in samples of ileal Peyer’s patches (IPP). MOS administration improved feed efficiency in the last two weeks of the trial (p < 0.05), and a decreased clostridia content was found in faeces at day 14 (p = 0.05). TRT piglets showed increased duodenal villi height (p < 0.05), and reduced mRNA levels of Tumour Necrosis Factor α (p < 0.05) and Toll-Like Receptor 4 (p < 0.01) in IPP. Our results suggest beneficial effects of MOS supplementation on gut morphology and the expression of inflammation-related genes in post-weaning piglets, accompanied by increased feed efficiency.

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