Displacing Stereotypes

2020 ◽  
pp. 165-202
Author(s):  
Julia Elsky
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Region I ◽  
The Press ◽  
The Town

This chapter presents a counterexample by focusing on a writer who completely removed Jewish voice and Jewish characters from her wartime writing. In analyzing Irène Neìmirovsky’s writings about the exode and displacement in the Burgundy region, I argue that Neìmirovsky’s removal of Jewish voices, languages, and accents that were present in her interwar literature is not an expression of Jewish self-hatred but an attempt to show that Jews have been rejected from the nation. She also moves away from the stereotypes she wrote about and that were imposed on her in the press, which are also discussed in this chapter. However, the constant theme of absence and displacement in her wartime short stories points to this absence. The overwhelming sense of displacement marks a shift away from her interwar writing about ambivalence toward Jewishness. This is particularly true for her three short stories about the town of Montjeu.

scholarly journals New Jersey’s Zoning Amendment

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Alex Costin
Keyword(s):  
New Jersey ◽  
The State ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
State Court ◽  
The People ◽  
Town Meeting ◽  
The Press ◽  
Growth And Change ◽  
The Town

A half century before the New Jersey Supreme Court endorsed inclusionary zoning in Southern Burlington N.A.A.C.P. v. Mount Laurel Township, the state struggled to secure basic municipal zoning. While New Jersey’s political elite embraced zoning in the 1910s and 20s to weather a period of tremendous growth and change, a disapproving judiciary steadfastly maintained that the practice violated basic property rights. Hundreds of state court decisions in the 1920s held zoning ordinances unconstitutional. Finally, the people of New Jersey in 1927 overwhelmingly passed an amendment to the state constitution overruling those decisions and affirming zoning as a reasonable exercise of the state’s police power. This essay traces those uncertain early years of zoning in New Jersey. The amendment was not the result of a state monolithically coming to its senses. Instead, its passage documents a decade-long struggle played out not only in the courts and legislature but also in the press and the town meeting.

Winning Hearts and Minds: The 1st Casualty Press

1982 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-117
Author(s):  
Caroline Slocock
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Creative Writing ◽  
Vietnam Veterans ◽  
Commercial Publisher ◽  
Fire Zone ◽  
The Press ◽  
Political Understanding ◽  
Hearts And Minds

In the early 1970s, a number of Vietnam veterans sought publication for a collection of veterans' creative writing which they felt could make an important contribution to a political understanding of the war in Indochina. However, efforts to find a commercial publisher for their anthology met with no success. Their conviction that this literature both deserved and could find a substantial audience led these writers to establish their own independent publisher for the literature of Vietnam veterans, the 1st [sic] Casualty Press. In 1972, the Press published an anthology of veterans' poetry, Winning Hearts and Minds (or WHAM as it is often called), edited by Larry Rottmann, Jan Barry and Basil T. Paquet; it was followed a year later by Free Fire Zone, an anthology of short stories edited by Rottmann, Paquet and Wayne Karlin. As their epigraph, both volumes were given the quotation: “In war, truth is the first casualty.”

scholarly journals Dhār, Bhoja and Sarasvatī: from Indology to Political Mythology and Back

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-153
Author(s):  
MICHAEL WILLIS
Keyword(s):  
Focal Point ◽  
Central India ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Archaeological Survey ◽  
Scholarly Publications ◽  
The Press ◽  
Political Tension ◽  
History Of ◽  
Political Mythology ◽  
The Town

The Bhojśālā or ‘Hall of Bhoja’ is a term used to describe the centre for Sanskrit studies associated with King Bhoja, the most celebrated ruler of the Paramāra dynasty. The Bhojśālā is also linked to Sarasvatī – the goddess of learning – whose shrine is said to have stood in the hall's precinct. Since the early years of the twentieth century, the mosque adjacent to the tomb of Kamāl al-Dīn Chishtī in the town of Dhār has been identified as the Bhojśālā. This has turned the building into a focal point of religious, social and political tension. Access to the site, currently under the protection of the Archaeological Survey of India, has been marked by communal friction and disputes in the press and in the courts. My aim in this paper is not to chart this sorry tale of events; I only need note that the legal and political wrangles, not to mention a steady flow of inflammatory assertions, have formed a toxic backdrop to the scholarly publications cited in the pages that follow. A second issue beyond the scope of this paper is how the medieval history of Dhār has played its part in the wider ‘invention of tradition’ and formation of modern Hindu identity. Stepping back from these concerns, my ambition here is rather modest: I seek only to explore how the mosque at Dhār has come to be described as the Bhojśālā and, on this basis, to undertake an assessment of that identification. Along the way, I will touch on a number of problems concerning the history, architecture and literary culture of central India.

Soviet Turkmenia through the eyes of the Soviet writer: language and translation

2020 ◽  
pp. 269-286
Author(s):  
Alla O. Burtseva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
National Literature ◽  
Soviet Republic ◽  
10Th Anniversary ◽  
The Press ◽  
The Government ◽  
National Poetry ◽  
New Literature ◽  
Literary Circles

The Soviet project of national literature was strongly motivated by the government in the 1930s. The government was not the only client, as regional literary circles were also interested (Turkmen in particular). The question about the language of literature was actively discussed in the Turkmen press, in particular, the new language, new literature, translation, and the work of Soviet writers on Turkmen themes. The author uses the press, critical review, and a poem by G. A. Sannikov as particular examples of this topic. The poem was published in the almanac Ajding-Gjunler which was created for the 10th anniversary of Turkmenistan as a Soviet republic by the writers' “brigade”, which had to create poems, short stories, and sketches about “new Turkmenia”. I consider the press publications controversial in the matter of the “cleanness” of new Turkmen as well as the loanwords used. The review by R. Aliev strongly criticises the translations from the classic Turkmen literature. In his opinion, the translators do not understand the sound and the nuances of the language used in national poetry. Sannikov uses Turkmen words as a means to make the reader feel the sound and the shape of them, but does not explain the meaning, which leads to the conclusion that this was an attempt to construct zaum (more or less). We conclude that the movement of Russian and Turkmen language of fiction towards each other stalled and was substituted by mass translation owing to the background of the discussion about “cleanness”, negatively reviewed translations, and the specific usage of Turkmen elements in soviet poetry. We suggest that the project of language exchange was not successful.

Residual Femininity: Women in Chinese Communist Fiction

1963 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 158-179
Author(s):  
C. T. Hsia
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Women Characters ◽  
Chinese Women ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Personal Problems ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Human Interest ◽  
The Press

In Chinese Communist literature, men and women are primarily seen in their likeness as workers rather than in their sexual and emotional unlikeness as human beings. Women, as much as men, are praised for their socialist zeal and heroic capacity for work and condemned for being socialist sluggards indifferent to production. But despite its repudiation of “human interest” as a symptom of capitalist or revisionist decadence, even this supremely practical literature cannot begin to exist without some superficial attention to personal problems, and these problems, inevitably, attest to the persistence of biological instincts and immemorial habits of human civilisation. Until the techniques, Communist or otherwise, for dehumanisation are perfected, men and women will remain subject to irrational passions, and if circumstances permit, they will fall in love, get married, bring up children, and in other devious ways contrive for pleasure and happiness. In tracing the lot of Chinese women under Communism, I will therefore take for granted that the primary purpose of their earthly existence is to contribute to and assist in production and examine rather their residual personal problems in the context of the overriding importance of socialist construction. The results of niy investigation, if my women characters, drawn invariably from short stories, are at all typical, will show, not surprisingly, the pathetic adjustment of their feminine instincts and interests to the jealous demands of Party and state. The exceptions that I will take notice of—sympathetic victims and challengers of the impersonal Communist bureaucracy—are all heroines of revisionist fiction that has been subject to vehement attack by the press.

scholarly journals The mythopoetics role in the formation of the chronotope of L. Andreev’s play "Anatema"

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Wide Context ◽  
The Bible ◽  
History Of ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Productive Research ◽  
New Drama ◽  
The Town

The analysis of poetics of L. Andreev’s play “Anathema” showed that productive research of this drama is possible only in the wide context of works, that not only form the dramatical cycle “The God, devil and men” but a series of L. Andreev’s short stories and stories, where the author interprets the Bible history of Jove (“ The life of Vassilyj Fivyskiy”, “The sun of men”) and the Gospel history of Christ and Judas (“Ben-Jovit”, “Judas Iskariot”) under different points of view. First of all we have in mind the role of ironical, nonortodoxal neomythologism in the drama “Anathema”. We also note that Andreev in the play “Anathema” advatageble used powerful philosophical and mythosymbolical potential not opened, like in drams “The Life of Man” and “Blach masks”, but closed artistic spaces – of desert and especially of sea, that becomes ideologically – artistical center of dram. Herewith the writer created volumetrical, manyleveled chronotop, where the town, devided by the gates from one side and the sea from another side become not only the most symbolically important space plans, but plotallyfounding pales. The study showed that the important role in this work play modernistic principles of representation of world and person as neomythologism, intertextuality, motifity, dominating of symbolical types and characters, irony, grotesque. The article “Life of a Man” demonstrated that the “new drama” by L. Andreev has been promoting such a type of conflict, which shows the way of collision, where the Wall resists the Man in its various forms. In the "new myth" of the writer, it turned to Rock (Someone in Gray). Therefore, the basis of the drama "Life of Man" was based on the conflict "Man and Rock", embodied in adequate artistic forms. The study of L. Andreev’s drama’s chronotop in various periods of his work, along with variability, demonstrates his apparent conceptual uniformity. The local framework, where he transfers the action in this play (the room where the Life of Man flows) is an invariant of special variation of locuses of early dramas and play of “panpsihe”. Apparently, both in prose, and in dramaturgy of the writer there was no evolution, the accents in the author’s concept only changed and the appropriate art means and image forms merely varied. Already in the first dramas all was put that only came to light, deepened and became more obvious.

scholarly journals Not Guilty, but Guilty

2018 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-190
Author(s):  
Rebecca Beausaert
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Public Opinion ◽  
White Woman ◽  
Gender Justice ◽  
Medical Practices ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
Local Media ◽  
The Press ◽  
The Town ◽  
African Canadian

In 1882, an accused, elderly African-Canadian woman—a former slave and known midwife, healer, and abortionist in the town of Woodstock, Ontario—was implicated in the death of a younger White woman, allegedly from a botched abortion. The article focuses on the ways the accused was viewed by the local media, specifically references to her race, age, and “suspect” knowledge of medical practices. Tried in a court of law and found not guilty, the press nevertheless declared themselves “morally certain” of her guilt and attempted to sway public opinion in a way that brought race to the forefront. The trial and its aftermath raise a number of important questions regarding socially-constructed configurations of race, gender, justice, rumour, and respectability in a nineteenth-century Ontario town chiefly populated by Anglo-Celtic Protestants.

Revealing the Social Stratums of Castesim in Aravind Adiga’s Between the Assassinations

Think India ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1063-1068
Author(s):  
V. Chithra Devi ◽  
Dr. V. Francis
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Story Line ◽  
Form Of Life ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Town

Aravind Adiga’s novel, Between the Assassinations offers a picturesque presentation of the implications of castes and religions in our country. The author through the novel explains, how religious and caste activists are exploiting the marginalized people in India. The manipulation is showcased, realistically in the form of life situations through his characters. Between the Assassinations is a collection of short stories that spellout historical events that happened during the seven years lapse of time, between the assassination of Former Prime Minister Indra Gandhi, and her son Rajeev Gandhi. The seven stories highlight the dynamics of multicultural, multiethnic and multireligious practices that are prevalent in India.  Each story line is independent from the other, while the setting of each story and its character sprung up from the town Kittur. The story’s milieu, portrays the hindrances, characters face and how they overcome such hazards from the religious activists.

scholarly journals 11 September 2001: the Italian writers' response

Modern Italy ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gillian Ania
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Short Stories ◽  
World Trade ◽  
First Century ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Italian Experience ◽  
The Press ◽  
The World ◽  
Political Terrorism ◽  
Future Consequences

One month after the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Centre in New York, the Corriere della Sera published an article on the possible future consequences for literature of this horrific event. Some novelists boldly declared their work would not be affected at all, while others observed that their literary visions and perspectives were already responses to life's tragic aspects. Several writers confessed to wondering, at least initially, whether literature henceforth could continue to have any real sense. A decade later, this essay examines the nature of the Italian response. It looks first at the views of those writers who expressed opinions directly to the press or in essay form, and then at a small number of novels (by Tullio Avoledo, Marisa Bulgheroni and Tiziana Rinaldi Castro) and short stories (by Andrea Piva, Andrej Longo and Andrea Canobbio) which have embraced the theme, and which have done so in ways that reinforce the sense of an underlying political and/or cultural aesthetic. Connections between twenty-first-century reactions to 9/11 and the Italian experience or memory of political terrorism and war will be explored, as well as the question of inspiration for novelists, in the particular context of catastrophe or trauma.

scholarly journals Tea with the Divorcees: Five’o Clock Figures

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion GLAUMAUD-CARBONNIER ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Short Stories ◽  
Social Status ◽  
French Literature ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Divorce Law ◽  
The Press ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Nineteenth Century French Literature

Promulgated in July 1884, the divorce law introduces a new character in late nineteenth century French literature: the figure of the divorcee. This woman, who is very little portrayed in novels, however intrigues the press because of her unprecedented social status. In the short stories published in newspapers, the divorced woman often appears at tea time, a gallant Parisian hour that serves as a setting for gossip. The aim of this paper is therefore to enlighten, by using a sociopoetic approach, these figures of the crépuscule.

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