International Standardization Activities for Fine Ceramics: Status of ISO/TC 206 on Fine Ceramics

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Kanno
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Inorganic Material ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Technical Committee ◽  
Fine Ceramic ◽  
Functional Attributes ◽  
Membership Organization ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Fine Ceramics

In response to a proposal of “Early-Stage Standardization” by the ISO/IEC Presidents’ Advisory Board on Technological Trends, the Technical Committee ISO/TC 206 on Fine Ceramics was established in 1992. The scope of ISO/TC 206 is a standardization in the field of fine ceramic materials and products in all forms: powders, monoliths, coatings and composites, intended for specific functional applications including mechanical, thermal, chemical, electrical, magnetic, optical and combinations thereof. The term “fine ceramics” is defined as “a highly engineered, high performance, predominantly nonmetallic, inorganic material having specific functional attributes”. A summary overview is given of membership, organization structure, work program and future work of ISO/TC 206.

Status and Standards in ISO/TC206 'Fine Ceramics'

2016 ◽  
Vol 690 ◽  
pp. 57-64
Author(s):  
Shuji Sakaguchi
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Technical Committee ◽  
International Organization ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
Testing Methods ◽  
Fundamental Properties ◽  
Bearing Materials ◽  
Working Groups ◽  
Fine Ceramics

ISO/TC206 'Fine ceramics' is one of a technical committee (TC) in the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), established in 1992. The first plenary meeting for this TC was held in 1994, and the latest meeting was held in August 2015, in Jeju, Republic of Korea. The scope of this TC covers very wide field concerning the ceramic materials for industrial applications, in forms of powders, monoliths, coatings and composites, and in functions of mechanical, thermal, chemical, electrical, magnetic, optical and their combinations. This TC consists of 18 participating member (P-member) countries and 13 observing member (O-member) countries. We already have 81 published standards from this TC. About 30 new work items are under discussion, about 15 items are waiting for starting the discussion, and about 10 items are in the process for revision of the published standards. In this TC, we have 12 working groups. More than twenty years have passed since starting this TC, generally speaking, the categories of the discussed items tends to shift, from some testing methods for fundamental properties (strength, density, thermal properties etc.), to some properties for specified applications, such as ceramic bearing materials, photocatalytic materials and electrical applications.

scholarly journals Intranasal administration of the chemotherapeutic perillyl alcohol results in selective delivery to the cerebrospinal fluid in rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Geetika Nehra ◽  
Shannon Andrews ◽  
Joan Rettig ◽  
Michael N. Gould ◽  
Jill D. Haag ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Nasal Mucosa ◽  
Brain Cancer ◽  
Intranasal Administration ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Perillyl Alcohol ◽  
Systemic Absorption

AbstractPerillyl alcohol (POH) has been extensively studied for the treatment of peripheral and primary brain tumors. The intranasal route of administration has been preferred for dosing POH in early-stage clinical trials associated with promising outcomes in primary brain cancer. However, it is unclear how intranasal POH targets brain tumors in these patients. Multiple studies indicate that intranasally applied large molecules may enter the brain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) through direct olfactory and trigeminal nerve-associated pathways originating in the nasal mucosa that bypass the blood–brain barrier. It is unknown whether POH, a small molecule subject to extensive nasal metabolism and systemic absorption, may also undergo direct transport to brain or CSF from the nasal mucosa. Here, we compared CSF and plasma concentrations of POH and its metabolite, perillic acid (PA), following intranasal or intravascular POH application. Samples were collected over 70 min and assayed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Intranasal administration resulted in tenfold higher CSF-to-plasma ratios for POH and tenfold higher CSF levels for PA compared to equal dose intravascular administration. Our preclinical results demonstrate POH undergoes direct transport from the nasal mucosa to the CSF, a finding with potential significance for its efficacy as an intranasal chemotherapeutic for brain cancer.

scholarly journals Neighborhood Energy Modeling and Monitoring: A Case Study

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3716
Author(s):  
Francesco Causone ◽  
Rossano Scoccia ◽  
Martina Pelle ◽  
Paola Colombo ◽  
Mario Motta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Monitoring Plan ◽  
Performance Targets ◽  
Carrier Energy ◽  
Zero Carbon ◽  
Energy Grid

Cities and nations worldwide are pledging to energy and carbon neutral objectives that imply a huge contribution from buildings. High-performance targets, either zero energy or zero carbon, are typically difficult to be reached by single buildings, but groups of properly-managed buildings might reach these ambitious goals. For this purpose we need tools and experiences to model, monitor, manage and optimize buildings and their neighborhood-level systems. The paper describes the activities pursued for the deployment of an advanced energy management system for a multi-carrier energy grid of an existing neighborhood in the area of Milan. The activities included: (i) development of a detailed monitoring plan, (ii) deployment of the monitoring plan, (iii) development of a virtual model of the neighborhood and simulation of the energy performance. Comparisons against early-stage energy monitoring data proved promising and the generation system showed high efficiency (EER equal to 5.84), to be further exploited.

Applications and Advantages of Basalt Assembly in Construction Industry

2011 ◽  
Vol 332-334 ◽  
pp. 1937-1940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Wei Hu ◽  
Hua Wu Liu ◽  
Dang Feng Zhao ◽  
Zong Bin Yang
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Inorganic Material ◽  
Basalt Fiber ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Basalt Fibers ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Reinforcing Fibers ◽  
Reinforcement Material

Basalt fiber is a novel high-performance inorganic material, recently has been well received as a reinforcement in China. However, the applications in civil engineering have been rather limited. The chemical compositions, the characteristics of basalt fibers, and the typical products of basalt, including chopped yarn of basalt fiber, basalt fiber geo-textiles and basalt fiber reinforced polymer, were introduced．The advantages of basalt fibers as a reinforcement of concrete were explored in comparison with the commonly used reinforcing fibers, which indicates that basalt fiber is the most promising reinforcement material for concrete and will significantly benefit civil construction industries in the future.

Machine learning of serum metabolic patterns encodes early-stage lung adenocarcinoma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Huang ◽  
Kun Qian
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Lung Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Cancer Detection ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Early Cancer ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Early Cancer Detection ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Efficient Test

Abstract Early cancer detection greatly increases the chances for successful treatment, but available diagnostics for some tumours, including lung adenocarcinoma (LA), are limited. An ideal early-stage diagnosis of LA for large-scale clinical use must address quick detection, low invasiveness, and high performance. Here, we conduct machine learning of serum metabolic patterns to detect early-stage LA. We extract direct metabolic patterns by the optimized ferric particle-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry within 1 second using only 50 nL of serum. We define a metabolic range of 100-400 Da with 143 m/z features. We diagnose early-stage LA with sensitivity~70-90% and specificity~90-93% through the sparse regression machine learning of patterns. We identify a biomarker panel of seven metabolites and relevant pathways to distinguish early-stage LA from controls (p < 0.05). Our approach advances the design of metabolic analysis for early cancer detection and holds promise as an efficient test for low-cost rollout to clinics.

The Quadrimaran Reexamined

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Hockberger
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Ship Design ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Marine Vehicles ◽  
Detail Design ◽  
Marine Industry ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Met Expectations

The Quadrimaran was invented in France in the mid-1980s by Daniel Tollet. It was an inspired design and a radical departure from traditional ship design by a man from outside the marine industry unconstrained by industry technical practices and education. Technical experts could see it would entail more structure and subsystems than other high-performance vessels, but its promise was that those penalties would be more than offset by its claimed low power and fuel consumption. A prototype/demonstrator, Alexander, was built in 1990 and operated for five years carrying and impressing many hundreds of riders. Alexander performed beautifully and appeared to bear out what was claimed. Contracts for several Quadrimarans of different sizes came quickly, especially considering how conservative an industry this is. That was significantly due to Tollet's personal charisma and skill in selling riders on the dream of carrying passengers and freight over the water fast and in comfort, yet economically. Great skepticism prevailed in some quarters, especially among naval architects knowledgeable about AMVs (advanced marine vehicles) and early-stage whole-ship design. At technical meetings, one Quadrimaran principal would comment, for example, "Why would you carry freight across the Atlantic at 38 knots on 230,000 horsepower (a reference to the planned Fastship Atlantic TG-770) when you could do it at 60 knots on only 65,000 horsepower?" Listeners would ask how this could be possible, and he would assert again that the Quadrimaran could do it, but would decline to explain. Respected technical people were working with Tollet and his company and becoming convinced of the Quadrimaran's merit. Along with the contracts came engineers with experience in ship detail design and construction (very different from early-stage whole-ship design), or responsibilities for assessing and approving ships for service. Others were with engine and equipment suppliers. Their opinion that there was something unique and special about the Quadrimaran gave it credibility and influenced more people to accept the major claims made for it. Some dismissed the most extreme claims but still accepted the idea that the Quadrimaran was capable of unusually high performance - considerably less than was being claimed, perhaps, but high nevertheless. In hindsight it is clear the skeptics were right. Results never met expectations, nor could they have. In reality, the Quadrimaran has aspects that inherently prevent it from achieving the characteristics and performance its inventor believed attainable. It cannot be built in a commercially useful size and actually perform as intended. Why this is so will be explained. A crucial fact in the Quadrimaran's history is that Daniel Tollet and his close associates believed strongly that naval architects and engineers who had been immersed in working with the existing ship types would be unable to give the Quadrimaran the very different treatment they believed it required. (Their own educations and professional work were nontechnical.) Such people were excluded from the development of Quadrimaran designs, and the belated discovery of many fundamental technical problems can be attributed to this. The company Tollet established had a number of names over the years, and other associated entities were created at times for various purposes. In this paper they are referred to collectively as QIH (Quadrimaran International Holdings) so as not to confuse things unnecessarily. In 2004 QuadTech Marine LLC was established and acquired the Quadrimaran patent (US Patent No. 5,191,849) and related intellectual property from QIH. QuadTech laid out an extensive R&D program to close gaps in the technical background and address identified issues. In the process, additional information on earlier QIH projects and products was obtained and studied, which brought to light problems that significantly compromised the Quadrimaran's prospective performance and utility. The resulting much-reduced set of potential uses and users led the company to effectively stop pursuing Quadrimaran projects after 2009. (Note: The author was Chief Technology Officer for QuadTech Marine during 2006-9, studying the Quadrimaran and planning the R&D.)

scholarly journals Towards Continuous Production of Shaped Honeycombs

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam E. Calisch ◽  
Neil A. Gershenfeld
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Continuous Production ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Sandwich Panels ◽  
Performance Space ◽  
Bending Loads ◽  
Future Work ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Parallel Folding

Honeycomb sandwich panels are widely used for high performance parts subject to bending loads, but their manufacturing costs remain high. In particular, for parts with non-flat, non-uniform geometry, honeycombs must be machined or thermoformed with great care and expense. The ability to produce shaped honeycombs would allow sandwich panels to replace monolithic parts in a number of high performance, space-constrained applications, while also providing new areas of research for structural optimization, distributed sensing and actuation, and on-site production of infrastructure. Previous work has shown methods of directly producing shaped honeycombs by cutting and folding flat sheets of material. This research extends these methods by demonstrating work towards a continuous process for the cutting and folding steps of this process. An algorithm for producing a manufacturable cut-and-fold pattern from a three-dimensional volume is designed, and a machine for automatically performing the required cutting and parallel folding is proposed and prototyped. The accuracy of the creases placed by this machine is characterized and the impact of creasing order is demonstrated. Finally, a prototype part is produced and future work is sketched towards full process automation.

Waukesha Engine’s New 2 and 3 MWE High Performance, Ultra-Lean Engines and Enginators™ for the Worldwide 50Hz and 60Hz Power Generation Markets

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corey A. Honl ◽  
Ryan M. Rudnitzki
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Control System ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Product Strategy ◽  
Product Lines ◽  
Stage Performance ◽  
High Level

The following paper describes the release of the 220GL engine and APG2000/3000 Enginator™ product lines from Waukesha Engine. The major elements of the release that will be covered include the installation and calibration of the ESM® control system, the development of new capabilities to control fuel injection and its associated features, the integration of Waukesha-introduced components on the 220GL, high-level product strategy and justification, and early stage performance figures from development testing.

scholarly journals Rationally Designing Simple Rod-Like Amphiphilic NIR-Emissive AIE Probes for Precise In-Vivo Detection of Aβ Fibrils/Plaques at A Super-Early Stage

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yipu Wang ◽  
Dong Mei ◽  
Xinyi Zhang ◽  
Da-Hui Qu ◽  
Ju Mei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
High Signal ◽  
In Vivo Detection ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Aβ Fibrils

With increase of social aging, Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been one of the serious diseases threatening human health. The occurrence of A<i>β </i>fibrils<i> </i>or plaques is recognized as the hallmark of AD.<i> </i>Currently, optical imaging has stood out to be a promising technique for the imaging of A<i>β</i> fibrils/plaques and the diagnosis of AD. However, restricted by their poor blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetrability, short-wavelength excitation and emission, and aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) effect, the clinically used gold-standard optical probes such as <a>thioflavin</a> T (ThT) and thioflavin S (ThS), are not effective enough in the early diagnosis of AD <i>in vivo</i>. Herein, we put forward an “all-in-one” design principle and demonstrate its feasibility in developing high-performance fluorescent probes which are specific to A<i>β</i> fibrils/plaques and promising for super-early <i>in</i>-<i>vivo</i> diagnosis of AD. As a proof of concept, a simple rod-like amphiphilic NIR fluorescent AIEgen, i.e., AIE-CNPy-AD, is developed by taking the specificity, BBB penetration ability, deep-tissue penetration capacity, high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) into consideration. AIE-CNPy-AD is constituted by connecting the electron-donating and accepting moieties through single bonds and tagging with a propanesulfonate tail, giving rise to the NIR fluorescence, aggregation-induced emission (AIE) effect, amphiphilicity, and rod-like structure, which in turn result in high binding-affinity and excellent specificity to A<i>β</i> fibrils/plaques, satisfactory ability to penetrate BBB and deep tissues, ultrahigh SNR and sensitivity, and high-fidelity imaging capability. <i>In-vitro, ex-vivo,</i> and <i>in-vivo</i> <a>identifying of A<i>β</i> fibrils/plaques</a> in different strains of mice indicate that AIE-CNPy-AD holds the universality to the detection of A<i>β</i> fibrils/plaques. It is noteworthy that AIE-CNPy-AD is even able to trace the small and sparsely distributed A<i>β</i> fibrils/plaques in very young AD model mice such as 4-month-old APP/PS1 mice which are reported to be the youngest mice to have A<i>β</i> deposits in brains, suggesting its great potential in diagnosis and intervention of AD at a super-early stage.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Non‐nucleophilic Mg Electrolytes

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qijie Wu ◽  
Kewei Shu ◽  
Lili Sun ◽  
Haihua Wang
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Oxidation Stability ◽  
Short Review ◽  
High Reactivity ◽  
Inherent Safety ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Ion Structure ◽  
Recent Advances

High-performance electrolyte is still a roadblock for the development of rechargeable magnesium (Mg) batteries. Grignard-type electrolytes were once the only choice in the early stage of rechargeable Mg batteries research. However, due to their nucleophilic nature and high reactivity, Grignard-type electrolytes have inherent safety issues and low oxidation stability, which restrict the development of rechargeable Mg batteries in terms of practical application. Recently, emerging novel Mg battery systems such as Mg-S, Mg-O2/air batteries also require non‐nucleophilic electrolytes with high oxidation stability. This short review summarizes recent advances in non‐nucleophilic Mg electrolytes and aims to provide insights into electrochemical properties and active Mg ion structure of such electrolytes.

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