Products’ Shared Visual Features Do Not Cancel in Consumer Decisions

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Du ◽  
Erin F. MacDonald
Keyword(s):  
Product Differentiation ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Image Features ◽  
Visual Features ◽  
Cognitive Responses ◽  
Purchase Decisions ◽  
Tracking Data ◽  
Consumer Decisions ◽  
Functional Attributes ◽  
Model C

Consumers’ product purchase decisions typically involve comparing competing products’ visual features and functional attributes. Companies strive for “product differentiation” [1–5], which makes consumers’ product comparisons fruitful but also sometimes challenging. Psychologists that study decision-making have created models of choice such as the cancellation-and-focus (C&F) model. C&F explains and predicts how people decide between choice alternatives with both shared and unique attributes: the shared attributes are “cancelled” (ignored) while the unique ones have greater weight in decisions. However, this behavior has only been tested with text descriptions of choice alternatives. To be useful to designers, C&F must be tested with product visuals. This study tests C&F under six conditions defined by: the representation mode (text-only, image-only, and image-with-text) and presentation (sequentially, or side-by-side) of choice alternatives. For the products tested, C&F holds for only limited situations. Survey and eye-tracking data suggest different cognitive responses to shared text attributes vs. shared image features: in text-only, an attribute’s repetition cancels its importance in decisions, while in images, repetition of a feature reinforces its importance. Generally, product differences prove to attract more attention than commonalities, demonstrating product differentiation’s importance in forming consumer preferences.

Products' Shared Visual Features Do Not Cancel in Consumer Decisions

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Du ◽  
Erin F. MacDonald
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Product Family ◽  
Image Features ◽  
Visual Features ◽  
Cognitive Responses ◽  
Product Family Design ◽  
Product Complexity ◽  
Product Families ◽  
Mass Customisation ◽  
Model C

Consumers' product purchase decisions typically involve comparing competing products' visual features and functional attributes. Companies strive for “product differentiation” (Liu et al., 2013, “Product Family Design Through Ontology-Based Faceted Component Analysis, Selection, and Optimization,” ASME J. Mech. Des., 135(8), p. 081007; Thevenot and Simpson, 2009, “A Product Dissection-Based Methodology to Benchmark Product Family Design Alternatives,” ASME J. Mech. Des., 131(4), p. 041002; Kota et al., 2000, “A Metric for Evaluating Design Commonality in Product Families,” ASME J. Mech. Des., 122(4), pp. 403–410; Orfi et al. 2011, “Harnessing Product Complexity: Step 1—Establishing Product Complexity Dimensions and Indicators,” Eng. Econ., 56(1), pp. 59–79; and Shooter et al. 2005, “Toward a Multi-Agent Information Management Infrastructure for Product Family Planning and Mass Customisation,” Int. J. Mass Customisation, 1(1), pp. 134–155), which makes consumers' product comparisons fruitful but also sometimes challenging. Psychologists who study decision-making have created models of choice such as the cancellation-and-focus (C&F) model. C&F explains and predicts how people decide between choice alternatives with both shared and unique attributes: The shared attributes are “canceled” (ignored) while the unique ones have greater weight in decisions. However, this behavior has only been tested with text descriptions of choice alternatives. To be useful to designers, C&F must be tested with product visuals. This study tests C&F under six conditions defined by: The representation mode (text-only, image-only, and image-with-text) and presentation (sequentially or side-by-side) of choice alternatives. For the products tested, C&F holds for only limited situations. Survey and eye-tracking data suggest different cognitive responses to shared text attributes versus shared image features: In text-only, an attribute's repetition cancels its importance in decisions, while in images, repetition of a feature reinforces its importance. Generally, product differences prove to attract more attention than commonalities, demonstrating product differentiation's importance in forming consumer preferences.

Structure Preserving Non-Photorealistic Rendering Framework for Image Abstraction and Stylization of Low-Illuminated and Underexposed Images

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-45
Author(s):  
Pavan Kumar ◽  
Poornima B. ◽  
Nagendraswamy H. S. ◽  
Manjunath C.
Keyword(s):  
Structural Features ◽  
Image Features ◽  
Visual Features ◽  
Structure Preserving ◽  
Photorealistic Rendering ◽  
Assessment Techniques ◽  
Contemporary Work ◽  
Image Abstraction ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Background Content

The proposed abstraction framework manipulates the visual-features from low-illuminated and underexposed images while retaining the prominent structural, medium scale details, tonal information, and suppresses the superfluous details like noise, complexity, and irregular gradient. The significant image features are refined at every stage of the work by comprehensively integrating a series of AnshuTMO and NPR filters through rigorous experiments. The work effectively preserves the structural features in the foreground of an image and diminishes the background content of an image. Effectiveness of the work has been validated by conducting experiments on the standard datasets such as Mould, Wang, and many other interesting datasets and the obtained results are compared with similar contemporary work cited in the literature. In addition, user visual feedback and the quality assessment techniques were used to evaluate the work. Image abstraction and stylization applications, constraints, challenges, and future work in the fields of NPR domain are also envisaged in this paper.

scholarly journals PENGARUH DEFERENSIASI PRODUK PROMOSI DAN HARGA TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN PRODUK FASHION PADA UD. SINAR MULIA DI KABUPATEN GIANYAR

2020 ◽  
pp. 190
Author(s):  
I Komang Sumerta ◽  
Desak Nyoman Tri Indahyani ◽  
Ni Komang Redianingsih ◽  
I Made Baji Pranawa
Keyword(s):  
Product Differentiation ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Purchasing Decisions ◽  
Consumer Decisions ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
The Past ◽  
Fashion Products ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Data Collection Technique

Consumer purchasing decisions is the occurrence of sales fluctuations in the past four years. Product differentiation, promotion, and price are factors that have been pursued by the company but have not been able to provide a maximum contribution to consumer decisions. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of product differentiation, promotion, and price on fashion product purchasing decisions. The sample was determined by purposive random sampling technique, with 105 respondents. The data collection technique used was a questionnaire (questionnaire). The analysis technique used the SPSS version 22. The results showed there was an effect of product differentiation, promotion, and price simultaneously on the decision to purchase fashion products. Based on the partial test results it can be seen that product differentiation, promotions, and prices have a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions for fashion products. The conclusion from this research is the higher product differentiation, promotion, and price, the decision to buy products fashion will increase. Suggestions for further researchers is to be able to conduct research on different subjects and by developing other independent variables.

Toward Semantically Meaningful Feature Spaces for Efficient Indexing in Large Image Databases

2011 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Anne H.H. Ngu ◽  
Jialie Shen ◽  
John Shepherd
Keyword(s):  
Distance Function ◽  
Image Features ◽  
Image Databases ◽  
Multimedia Databases ◽  
Visual Features ◽  
Hybrid Architecture ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Feature Vectors ◽  
Training Cost ◽  
Low Dimensional

The optimized distance-based access methods currently available for multimedia databases are based on two major assumptions: a suitable distance function is known a priori, and the dimensionality of image features is low. The standard approach to building image databases is to represent images via vectors based on low-level visual features and make retrieval based on these vectors. However, due to the large gap between the semantic notions and low-level visual content, it is extremely difficult to define a distance function that accurately captures the similarity of images as perceived by humans. Furthermore, popular dimension reduction methods suffer from either the inability to capture the nonlinear correlations among raw data or very expensive training cost. To address the problems, in this chapter we introduce a new indexing technique called Combining Multiple Visual Features (CMVF) that integrates multiple visual features to get better query effectiveness. Our approach is able to produce low-dimensional image feature vectors that include not only low-level visual properties but also high-level semantic properties. The hybrid architecture can produce feature vectors that capture the salient properties of images yet are small enough to allow the use of existing high-dimensional indexing methods to provide efficient and effective retrieval.

Escaping the corner of death? An eye-tracking study of reading direction influence on attention and memory

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica D. Hernandez ◽  
Yong Wang ◽  
Hong Sheng ◽  
Morris Kalliny ◽  
Michael Minor
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Attention And Memory ◽  
Cognitive Responses ◽  
Tracking Data ◽  
Bias Effect ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Reading Direction ◽  
Feature Based ◽  
The Web

Purpose The authors aim to examine the effect of location-driven logo placement on attention and memory on the web addressing differences between individuals that read unidirectionally (left-to-right [LTR]) versus bidirectionally (both right-to-left and LTR). Design/methodology/approach Using an eye-tracking approach combined with traditional verbal measures, the authors compared attention and memory measures from a sample composed of bidirectional (Arab/English) readers and unidirectional readers. Findings The findings reveal that unidirectional and bidirectional readers differ in attention patterns. Compared to bidirectional readers, unidirectional readers pay less attention to the logo on the bottom right corner of the webpage based on verbal measures. The eye-tracking data of the two groups further identify differences based on total hits and duration time. Unidirectional LTR readers demonstrate higher fluency in feature-based attention whereas bidirectional readers show higher fluency in spatial attention. Originality/value The authors expand on scarce research on reading direction bias effect on location-driven stimuli placement in online settings. They contribute to the understanding of the differences between unidirectional and bidirectional readers in their cognitive responses (attention and memory) to organization of marketing stimuli.

scholarly journals CONSUMER PREFERENCE FOR POLYETHYLENE CONTAINERS WHEN PURCHASING ORNAMENTAL TREES

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1107c-1107
Author(s):  
L.V. Purvis ◽  
B.K. Behe ◽  
C.H. Gilliam ◽  
J.L. Adrian
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Consumer Preference ◽  
Purchase Decisions ◽  
Product Packaging ◽  
Magnolia Grandiflora ◽  
Nursery Plant ◽  
Polyethylene Container ◽  
Horticultural Products ◽  
Ornamental Trees

Product packaging influences consumer's purchase decisions, yet this influence is not defined for ornamental horticultural products. The objective of this study was to determine consumer preferences for three types of nursery plant containers: field ball and burlap, fabric bag, and polyethylene. Uniform Magnolia grandiflora and Photinia fraserii (1-2 m) grown in gro-bags ware either containerized in black polyethylene pots, wrapped to simulate traditional ball and burlap, or kept in fabric begs. Seventy-four consumers from Montgomery, Ala., were asked to indicate their preferences. Most (48%) preferred the polyethylene container, followed by the fabric bag (27%), ball and burlap (19%). These data suggest that fabric bags have similar consumer appeal compared to ball and burlap. Plants in polyethylene containers likely appeared healthier and more vigorous because they held more soil, retained more moisture, and gave plants a better appearance.

scholarly journals Imaging Time Series of Eye Tracking Data to Classify Attentional States

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa-Marie Vortmann ◽  
Jannes Knychalla ◽  
Sonja Annerer-Walcher ◽  
Mathias Benedek ◽  
Felix Putze
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Eye Gaze ◽  
Image Features ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Neural Net ◽  
Tracking Data ◽  
Attentional State ◽  
Gaze Behavior ◽  
Imaging Time

It has been shown that conclusions about the human mental state can be drawn from eye gaze behavior by several previous studies. For this reason, eye tracking recordings are suitable as input data for attentional state classifiers. In current state-of-the-art studies, the extracted eye tracking feature set usually consists of descriptive statistics about specific eye movement characteristics (i.e., fixations, saccades, blinks, vergence, and pupil dilation). We suggest an Imaging Time Series approach for eye tracking data followed by classification using a convolutional neural net to improve the classification accuracy. We compared multiple algorithms that used the one-dimensional statistical summary feature set as input with two different implementations of the newly suggested method for three different data sets that target different aspects of attention. The results show that our two-dimensional image features with the convolutional neural net outperform the classical classifiers for most analyses, especially regarding generalization over participants and tasks. We conclude that current attentional state classifiers that are based on eye tracking can be optimized by adjusting the feature set while requiring less feature engineering and our future work will focus on a more detailed and suited investigation of this approach for other scenarios and data sets.

scholarly journals Analysis of Promotion and Product Differentiation of Jukajo on Consumer Purchase Decision

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Abel Gandhy ◽  
Julio Arthur Hairuddin
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Product Differentiation ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Purchase Decision ◽  
Purchase Decisions ◽  
Collection Method ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this research was to measure the relationship and the impact of promotion and product differentiation on Jukajo consumer purchase decision. This research was a quantitative research with a questionnaire as the data collection method. The sampling technique in this research is purposive sampling technique. Then, the questionnaire was measured by Likert-scale and multiple linear regression. The result shows that promotion and product differentiation variable have positive impact on purchase decision partially and simultaneously. Bothvariables have 50,5% of impact towards consumer purchase decisions of Jukajo. Moreover, product differentiation becomes the most dominant variable which partially affects consumer purchase decision.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF CONSUMER VALUE AND PURCHASE DECISIONS: ANALYSIS OF PRODUCT QUALITY, LOCATION, AND PROMOTION

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 482-498
Author(s):  
Renil Septiano ◽  
Laynita Sari
Keyword(s):  
Product Quality ◽  
Purchase Decisions ◽  
Purchasing Decisions ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
Consumer Decisions ◽  
Research Survey ◽  
Consumer Value ◽  
Endogenous Variables ◽  
The Relationship

Literature review is useful as a first step to initiating a study. Before determining the title, it's a good idea to prepare supporting articles for research, including previous research or as relevant research. Relevant and theory-reinforced articles are needed to look at the relationship between variables and build hypotheses. This article discusses variables that affect consumer value and consumer decisions to make decisions. The variables of product quality, location and promotion became the variables with the 3 highest values ​​at the time of the pre-research survey. Of course not all factors that influence purchasing decisions and consumer value are discussed in this article, only a small part will be reviewed and reviewed. The results of the review show that all exogenous variables have a direct or indirect effect on endogenous variables.

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