Analysis of Chinese People’s Perception of Radiation and Nuclear Power With Insights Into Behavioral Science

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsingtzu Wu ◽  
Da-Wei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Social Acceptance ◽  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
Behavioral Science ◽  
System Model ◽  
Monetary Incentives ◽  
Outreach Programs ◽  
People’S Perception ◽  
The Face

Abstract Nuclear power has been at the center of public debate for decades, and social acceptance is critical to its development. A questionnaire survey was conducted to gain a better understanding of Chinese citizens’ perception of nuclear power and radiation from the perspectives of behavioral science. In this study the respondents’ cognitive biases regarding nuclear power and radiation were explained with a dual-system model. Effectiveness of outreach programs about nuclear power was recognized. In addition, this study suggests the prejudice against radiation remained strong in the face of statements of fact and monetary incentives. Finally, some suggestions regarding improvement in outreach programs and public relations policy are provided.

Kerntechnik als Sicherheitsversprechen

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (84) ◽  
pp. 99-112
Author(s):  
Sascha Brünig
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Nuclear Industry ◽  
Industrial Society ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Nuclear Technology ◽  
Reactor Accident ◽  
The West ◽  
The Face ◽  
Public Relations Campaign

Abstract In the mid-1970s, the dangers associated with nuclear power moved to the center of risk debates in Germany. Following the reactor accident at Three Mile Island (1979) and the Chernobyl disaster (1986), the West German nuclear industry’s business prospects severely deteriorated. How did the nuclear industry perceive and confront the challenge of nuclear skepticism? And how did this emerging challenge alter the perceived future of nuclear technology in the Federal Republic and beyond? The article argues that the nuclear industry did not passively accept the »depletion of utopian energies« (J. Habermas) to which the peaceful use of the atom was subjected. Instead, the industry worked to create new (utopian) prospects for nuclear power. The industry’s public relations campaign positioned nuclear power in two interrelated fields of insecurity: the decline of industrial society and environmental crises. Both threats, ran the argument put forth by nuclear proponents, could only be combatted by relying on nuclear power for electricity production. In this way, nuclear power was translated into a comprehensive promise of security that was intended to salvage the future of nuclear power as well as that of its investors in the face of growing anti-nuclear sentiment.

What Opinions Do People Have Through the Understanding Concerning High-Level Radioactive Waste Disposal Project?

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Kimura ◽  
Masashi Furukawa ◽  
Daisuke Sugiyama ◽  
Taiji Chida
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Radioactive Waste ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Radioactive Waste Disposal ◽  
High Level Radioactive Waste ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Lay Persons ◽  
The Face ◽  
Amount Of Knowledge ◽  
High Level

In Japan, the implementation of the high-level radioactive waste (HLW) disposal is one of urgent issues in the situation that Japan will continue the use of nuclear power. But, the lay people may not have the sufficient amount of information and knowledge about HLW disposal to hold their opinions about this issue. In this research, in order to clarify what opinions they will have with enough information and knowledge, we had the face-to-face dialogues about the HLW disposal with 2 or 3 lay persons. The dialogues were conducted 11 times with different lay persons’ groups. In these dialogues, after the lay participants had a certain amount of knowledge about HLW disposal, they became to talk about their opinions to the HLW disposal program in Japan. These opinions included the doubt against the open solicitation to select the siting area in the HLW disposal program of Japan, the emotion like NIMBY, the indication of lack of public relations about HLW disposal, and so on.

Facial Perceptions: Age's Influence on People's Perceptions of Facial Modifications

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nascine Howell ◽  
Lindsey Erin Overhalser ◽  
Abigail Eliza Randall ◽  
Rachael Dillon
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Likert Scale ◽  
Online Surveys ◽  
People’S Perception ◽  
The Face ◽  
Subject Experiment ◽  
People’S Perceptions

A 2x7 between-subject experiment examined the affect of age on people’s perceptions of facial modifications. Researchers instructed participants aged 18-60 to complete two online surveys. One survey contained 10 modified faces (facial piercings and neck tattoos) and the second survey contained 10 non-modified faces. Participants were instructed to look at each face and rate the face using a 5 point Likert scale on five traits: Trustworthiness, Attractiveness, Confidence, Intelligence and Friendliness. Modified faces were rated higher and perceived more positively than the non-modified faces by participants in all age groups. There was an effect of modification on age groups one (18-23 years old), two (24-29 years), five (30-35 years) and six (36-41 years) for the traits Attractiveness and Confidence. These findings suggest people’s perception of strangers’ is influenced by their own age at the time of the encounter and the age of the faces.

Verification of Plastic Interactive Systems

i-com ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Oliveira ◽  
Sophie Dupuy-Chessa ◽  
Gaëlle Calvary
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
User Interfaces ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Interactive Systems ◽  
System Model ◽  
Equivalence Checking ◽  
The Past ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Formal Techniques

AbstractInteractive systems have largely evolved over the past years. Nowadays, different users can interact with systems on different devices and in different environments. The user interfaces (UIs) are expected to cope with such variety. Plastic UIs have the capacity to adapt to changes in their context of use while preserving usability. Such capability enhances UIs, however, it adds complexity on them. We propose an approach to verifying interactive systems considering this adaptation capability of the UIs. The approach applies two formal techniques: model checking, to the verification of properties over the system model, and equivalence checking, to compare different versions of a UI, thereby identifying different levels of UI equivalence. We apply the approach to a case study in the nuclear power plant domain in which several UI are analyzed, properties are verified, and the level of equivalence between them is demonstrated.

scholarly journals MODEL SISTEM INFORMASI MANAJEMEN TERPADU UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MUTU LAYANAN PENDIDIKAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Anis Farida ◽  
Rudy Wahyono ◽  
Fajar Supanto
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
High Schools ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Management Information System ◽  
Web Application ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
System Model ◽  
Management Information ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Vocational High Schools

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to describe the Integrated Management Information System Model, obstacles and strategies to overcome obstacles and to analyze their implementation in improving educational services in Vocational High Schools, Malang Regency. This study used a qualitative approach, data collection was carried out using interview, observation, and documentation techniques, the sampling method was purposive sampling, namely in three Vocational High Schools that had implemented an integrated management information system and research informants namely the principal, vice principal, head of governance business, teacher representatives and student representatives. The result of this research is an integrated management information system model in SMK Malang Regency using the Master-Web application which is implemented in the curriculum, student affairs, public relations, finance, workforce, and counseling sections. The information generated can be accessed by the principal and used as material for decision making to improve the quality of the school. The obstacles are some human resources who do not master IT, are not disciplined in inputting data, lack of care, lack of infrastructure, and weak system security. Keywords: Integrated management information system model; education services; SMK Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan Model Sistem Informasi Manajemen terpadu, hambatan dan strategi mengatasi hambatan serta menganalisis implementasinya dalam meningkatkan layanan pendidikan di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Kabupaten Malang. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi, metode pengambilan sampel dengan purposive sampling, yaitu di tiga SMK yang telah mengimplementasikan sistem informasi manajemen terpadu dan informan penelitian yaitu kepala sekolah, wakil kepala sekolah, kepala tata usaha, perwakilan guru dan perwakilan siswa. Hasil penelitian adalah Model sistem informasi manajemen terpadu di SMK Kabupaten Malang menggunakan aplikasi Master-Web yang diimplementasikan di bagian kurikulum, kesiswaan, hubungan masyarakat, keuangan, ketenagaan, dan bimbingan konseling. Informasi yang dihasilkan dapat diakses oleh kepala sekolah dan digunakan sebagai bahan pengambilan keputusan untuk meningkatkan mutu sekolah. Hambatannya adalah beberapa SDM yang tidak menguasai IT, tidak disiplin dalam menginput data, kurang peduli, kurangnya sarana prasarana, dan lemahnya keamanan sistem. Kata kunci: Model sistem informasi manajemen terpadu; layanan pendidikan; SMK

scholarly journals Fake news and unfunded beliefs in the post-truth age

Universitas ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 87-108
Author(s):  
Víctor Castillo-Riquelme ◽  
Patricio Hermosilla-Urrea ◽  
Juan P. Poblete-Tiznado ◽  
Christian Durán-Anabalón
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Fabric ◽  
The Social ◽  
Paranormal Beliefs ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Relationship

The dissemination of fake news embodies a pressing problem for democracy that is exacerbated by theubiquity of information available on the Internet and by the exploitation of those who, appealing to theemotionality of audiences, have capitalized on the injection of falsehoods into the social fabric. In thisstudy, through a cross-sectional, correlational and non-experimental design, the relationship betweencredibility in the face of fake news and some types of dysfunctional thoughts was explored in a sampleof Chilean university students. The results reveal that greater credibility in fake news is associated withhigher scores of magical, esoteric and naively optimistic thinking, beliefs that would be the meetingpoint for a series of cognitive biases that operate in the processing of information. The highest correlationis found with the paranormal beliefs facet and, particularly, with ideas about the laws of mentalattraction, telepathy and clairvoyance. Significant differences were also found in credibility in fake newsas a function of the gender of the participants, with the female gender scoring higher on average thanthe male gender. These findings highlight the need to promote critical thinking, skepticism and scientificattitude in all segments of society.

STREOTYPE OF PUBLIC RELATIONS PROFESSION IN JAKARTA

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-82
Author(s):  
Dio Herman Saputro ◽  
Satya Candrasari ◽  
Ovi Olivia Belida
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Public Relations Practitioners ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Negative Stereotype ◽  
Interview Method ◽  
Management Function ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
The Face ◽  
Physically Attractive

Public Relations is known as a female profession, concerned physical, and suitable for women. The purpose of this research is to analyze Public Relations stereotype as a woman profession, concerned with physical, and feminine. This research is examined though face to face in-depth interview method with 10 Public Relations practitioners from variety industry in Jakarta. Findings showed that Public Relations stereotype is not necessarily a pretty woman, physically attractive, and majority men still dabble as Public Relations practitioners in the field of industry. Nevertheless, it cannot be denied that women still dominant in a Public Relations profession. The society's view that the face of PR is a woman show there is a miss perception of PR term itself caused by lack of understanding of PR literacy as management function, not a women profession, equal to actress celebrity's job, and oriented physical. The Negative stereotype about PR profession in Jakarta caused this profession is not as appreciated as a doctor or accountant profession.

Arbitration in its Psychological Context

2020 ◽  
pp. 909-950
Author(s):  
Tony Cole ◽  
Pietro Ortolani ◽  
Sean Wright
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
Behavioral Science ◽  
Contextual Approach ◽  
Context Sensitive ◽  
The Social ◽  
Contextual Behavioral Science ◽  
Professional Context

This concluding chapter presents a program for a more ‘contextual’ approach to the application of psychology to arbitration than has been adopted within arbitration scholarship thus far. It specifically examines the area of Contextual Behavioral Science (CBS), which focuses on the ‘act in context’, treating behaviour as inseparable from the circumstances that surround it. Such a context-sensitive approach allows new light to be shed on the psychology of arbitration, while also unifying the existing literature within a new epistemic framework that offers the advantage of not only predicting but also of potentially influencing the behaviour of interest in arbitration. While psychology can be applied to arbitration in many ways, the chapter focuses on arbitrator reasoning. It addresses the professional context of arbitration, scrutinizing how individual conceptions of the role of the arbitrator can influence reasoning. The chapter also considers the social context of arbitration, analysing the relations between the hierarchical character of the arbitration community and the existence of cognitive biases.

scholarly journals Neural correlates of negative expectancy and impaired social feedback processing in social anxiety

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruolei Gu ◽  
Xiang Ao ◽  
Licheng Mo ◽  
Dandan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Social Acceptance ◽  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Social Feedback ◽  
Feedback Processing ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
High Social Anxiety

Abstract Social anxiety has been associated with abnormalities in cognitive processing in the literature, manifesting as various cognitive biases. To what extent these biases interrupt social interactions remains largely unclear. This study used the Social Judgment Paradigm that could separate the expectation and experience stages of social feedback processing. Event-related potentials (ERPs) in these two stages were recorded to detect the effect of social anxiety that might not be reflected by behavioral data. Participants were divided into two groups according to their social anxiety level. Participants in the high social anxiety (HSA) group were more likely to predict that they would be socially rejected by peers than did their low social anxiety (LSA) counterparts (i.e. the control group). Compared to the ERP data of the LSA group, the HSA group showed: (a) a larger P1 component to social cues (peer faces) prior to social feedback presentation, possibly indicating an attention bias; (b) a difference in feedback-related negativity amplitude between unexpected social acceptance and unexpected social rejection, possibly indicating an expectancy bias; and (c) a diminished sensitivity of the P3 amplitude to social feedback valence (be accepted/be rejected), possibly indicating an experience bias. These results could help understand the cognitive mechanisms that comprise and maintain social anxiety.

scholarly journals Preys’ exploitation of predators’ fear: when the caterpillar plays the Gruffalo

2015 ◽  
Vol 282 (1820) ◽  
pp. 20151786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Castellano ◽  
Paolo Cermelli
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Critical Threshold ◽  
Asymmetric Distribution ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
Defensive Strategies ◽  
The Face ◽  
Colour Patterns ◽  
Processing Mechanisms ◽  
Little Mouse

Alike the little mouse of the Gruffalo's tale, many harmless preys use intimidating deceptive signals as anti-predator strategies. For example, several caterpillars display eyespots and face-like colour patterns that are thought to mimic the face of snakes as deterrents to insectivorous birds. We develop a theoretical model to investigate the hypothesis that these defensive strategies exploit adaptive cognitive biases of birds, which make them much more likely to confound caterpillars with snakes than vice versa. By focusing on the information-processing mechanisms of decision-making, the model assumes that, during prey assessment, the bird accumulates noisy evidence supporting either the snake-escape or the caterpillar-attack motor responses, which compete against each other for execution. Competition terminates when the evidence for either one of the responses reaches a critical threshold. This model predicts a strong asymmetry and a strong negative correlation between the prey- and the predator-decision thresholds, which increase with the increasing risk of snake predation and assessment uncertainty. The threshold asymmetry causes an asymmetric distribution of false-negative and false-positive errors in the snake–caterpillar decision plane, which makes birds much more likely to be deceived by the intimidating signals of snake-mimicking caterpillars than by the alluring signals of caterpillar-mimicking snakes.

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