Performance of Low-Cost 3D Printer in Medical Application

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nor Aiman Sukindar ◽  
Azib Azhari Awang Dahan ◽  
Sharifah Imihezri Syed Shaharuddin ◽  
Nor Farah Huda Abd Halim
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Medical Application ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
3D Printer ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Total Deformation ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Porosity Level ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Printing Parameters

Abstract Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) is an additive manufacturing (AM) process that produces a physical object directly from a CAD design using layer-by-layer deposition of the filament material that is extruded via a nozzle. In industry, FDM has become one of the most used AM processes for the production of low batch quantity and functional prototypes, due to its safety, efficiency, reliability, low cost, and ability to process manufacturing-grade engineering thermoplastic. Recently, the market is flooded with the availability of low-cost printers produced by numerous companies. This research aims to investigate the effect of different porosity levels on a scaffold structure produced using a low-cost 3D printer. Comparisons of these porous structures were made in terms of Von-Mises strain, total deformation, as well as compressive stress. Various porosity levels were created by varying printing parameters, including layer height, infill density, and shell thickness by slicing the initial solid CAD file using Repetier Host 3D printing software. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) simulation was then performed on the created scaffold structures by using Ansys Workbench 19.2. The simulation result indicates that the greater porosity level will result in higher total deformation of the structure. Meanwhile, the compression test shows that the minimum strength value obtained was favourable at 22 MPa and had exceeded that of the trabecular femur (15 MPa). However, its porosity level (maximum at 52%) was still below that of the minimum threshold of porosity level of 70 percent. However, the printing parameters currently used can be adjusted in the future. Therefore, it was deduced that the low-cost 3D printer offers promising potential to fabricate different porosity structures with multiple outcomes.

scholarly journals Fused Deposition Modelling of Fibre Reinforced Polymer Composites: A Parametric Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Narongkorn Krajangsawasdi ◽  
Lourens G. Blok ◽  
Ian Hamerton ◽  
Marco L. Longana ◽  
Benjamin K. S. Woods ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Process Parameters ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Fibre Length ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Thermoplastic Composite ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Fibre Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Printing Parameters

Fused deposition modelling (FDM) is a widely used additive layer manufacturing process that deposits thermoplastic material layer-by-layer to produce complex geometries within a short time. Increasingly, fibres are being used to reinforce thermoplastic filaments to improve mechanical performance. This paper reviews the available literature on fibre reinforced FDM to investigate how the mechanical, physical, and thermal properties of 3D-printed fibre reinforced thermoplastic composite materials are affected by printing parameters (e.g., printing speed, temperature, building principle, etc.) and constitutive materials properties, i.e., polymeric matrices, reinforcements, and additional materials. In particular, the reinforcement fibres are categorized in this review considering the different available types (e.g., carbon, glass, aramid, and natural), and obtainable architectures divided accordingly to the fibre length (nano, short, and continuous). The review attempts to distil the optimum processing parameters that could be deduced from across different studies by presenting graphically the relationship between process parameters and properties. This publication benefits the material developer who is investigating the process parameters to optimize the printing parameters of novel materials or looking for a good constituent combination to produce composite FDM filaments, thus helping to reduce material wastage and experimental time.

scholarly journals Low Cost with Vibration Controlled Efficient Fused Deposition Modeling

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1690-1694
Keyword(s):  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
3D Printer ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Rigid Frame ◽  
Innovative System ◽  
Industrial Unit ◽  
Cost Efficient

Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) is an innovative system that can create necessary items and are significant to generate distinctive styles of articles, in unusual supplies, completely from the uniform system. FDM machine can build fair model everything from stoneware to synthetic dolls, iron machine parts, decorative chocolate cakes or regular human body parts. FDM can supersede conventional factory industrial unit with only machinery, simply like printing press swapped by bottles of ink. Nowadays these machines are available at higher costs and are used only in industrial areas. With technology available and the material used in these machines proposes a system that sparks upon making a low cost-efficient machine and materials by designing a rigid frame for the 3D printer. The result shows low cost 3D printer prototype of FDM machine and the vibration analysis with various speed at various stages for the product outcome

scholarly journals A Low-Cost Multi-Sensor Data Acquisition System for Fault Detection in Fused Deposition Modelling

Sensors ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 517
Author(s):  
Satish Kumar ◽  
Tushar Kolekar ◽  
Shruti Patil ◽  
Arunkumar Bongale ◽  
Ketan Kotecha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Data Acquisition ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Data Acquisition System ◽  
Acquisition System ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Sensor Data Acquisition

Fused deposition modelling (FDM)-based 3D printing is a trending technology in the era of Industry 4.0 that manufactures products in layer-by-layer form. It shows remarkable benefits such as rapid prototyping, cost-effectiveness, flexibility, and a sustainable manufacturing approach. Along with such advantages, a few defects occur in FDM products during the printing stage. Diagnosing defects occurring during 3D printing is a challenging task. Proper data acquisition and monitoring systems need to be developed for effective fault diagnosis. In this paper, the authors proposed a low-cost multi-sensor data acquisition system (DAQ) for detecting various faults in 3D printed products. The data acquisition system was developed using an Arduino micro-controller that collects real-time multi-sensor signals using vibration, current, and sound sensors. The different types of fault conditions are referred to introduce various defects in 3D products to analyze the effect of the fault conditions on the captured sensor data. Time and frequency domain analyses were performed on captured data to create feature vectors by selecting the chi-square method, and the most significant features were selected to train the CNN model. The K-means cluster algorithm was used for data clustering purposes, and the bell curve or normal distribution curve was used to define individual sensor threshold values under normal conditions. The CNN model was used to classify the normal and fault condition data, which gave an accuracy of around 94%, by evaluating the model performance based on recall, precision, and F1 score.

scholarly journals THE USE OF RAPID PROTOTYPING IN UNDERGRADUATE DESIGN EDUCATION

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. O. Buchal ◽  
D. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Prototyping ◽  
Engineering Design ◽  
Design Education ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
3D Printer ◽  
Cad Model ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Cad Models ◽  
Engineering Schools

The building and testing of physical prototypes has always been a key phase of the engineering design process. Often, students rush to the prototype stage with insufficient modeling and analysis. As a result, the process resembles “trial and error” more than systematic engineering design. Furthermore, engineering schools lack the facilities and students lack the skills to construct more than very crude prototypes with little resemblance to the CAD models or to the final design. On the other hand, engineering schools typically have state-of-the-art CAD software. As an alternative to physical prototyping, the emphasis is shifting to “virtual” prototyping using CAD models and simulation. Many design attributes like appearance, performance, etc. can be established through simulation with a high degree of reliability. Furthermore, the recent availability of low cost rapid prototyping technology makes it possible to quickly and easily produce physical parts directly from the CAD model. The University of Western Ontario Faculty of Engineering has recently established a rapid prototyping facility for undergraduate design projects. The facility is available to students from all programs and years. The facility is professionally managed by technicians from University Machine Services (UMS). Several rapid prototyping technologies are available, including Fused Deposition Modelling (Stratasys FDM 3000 and Stratasys Vantage SE) and 3D printing (Z-Corp Z510 3D Printer). The Z-Corp 3D printer is capable of processing a batch of parts with a total volume of 1120 cubic inches in 20 hours, at a cost in materials of under $5 per cubic inch. The Z-Corp printer has a resolution of 600 dpi and 256 colours, and is capable of accurately reproducing all the colours on a CAD model including texture maps. To have a part made, students simply save their CAD model as a VRML file, and submit the file for processing. Jobs are batched, and the machine is setup and run by UMS personnel. Some finishing work is completed by the students. The anticipated turnaround time is a day or two, and the typical prototype cost is under $50. These services became available in January 2006. The final paper will include experiences gained over the coming weeks.

Application of Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) Method of 3D Printing in Drug Delivery

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingjunjiao Long ◽  
Hamideh Gholizadeh ◽  
Jun Lu ◽  
Craig Bunt ◽  
Ali Seyfoddin
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Accurate Dose ◽  
Drug Delivery Devices ◽  
3D Printing Technique

Three-dimensional (3D) printing is an emerging manufacturing technology for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. Fused deposition modelling (FDM) is a low cost extrusion-based 3D printing technique that can deposit materials layer-by-layer to create solid geometries. This review article aims to provide an overview of FDM based 3D printing application in developing new drug delivery systems. The principle methodology, suitable polymers and important parameters in FDM technology and its applications in fabrication of personalised tablets and drug delivery devices are discussed in this review. FDM based 3D printing is a novel and versatile manufacturing technique for creating customised drug delivery devices that contain accurate dose of medicine( s) and provide controlled drug released profiles.

Evaluation of geometrical benchmark artifacts containing multiple overhang lengths fabricated using material extrusion technique

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 7296-7308
Author(s):  
Siti Nur Humaira Mazlan ◽  
Aini Zuhra Abdul Kadir ◽  
N. H. A. Ngadiman ◽  
M.R. Alkahari
Keyword(s):  
3D Model ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Dimensional Accuracy ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Layer Technique ◽  
Subtractive Manufacturing ◽  
Manufacturing Features ◽  
Layer Problem

Fused deposition modelling (FDM) is a process of joining materials based on material entrusion technique to produce objects from 3D model using layer-by-layer technique as opposed to subtractive manufacturing. However, many challenges arise in the FDM-printed part such as warping, first layer problem and elephant food that was led to an error in dimensional accuracy of the printed parts especially for the overhanging parts. Hence, in order to investigate the manufacturability of the FDM printed part, various geometrical and manufacturing features were developed using the benchmarking artifacts. Therefore, in this study, new benchmarking artifacts containing multiple overhang lengths were proposed. After the benchmarking artifacts were developed, each of the features were inspected using 3D laser scanner to measure the dimensional accuracy and tolerances. Based on 3D scanned parts, 80% of the fabricated parts were fabricated within ±0.5 mm of dimensional accuracy as compared with the CAD data. In addition, the multiple overhang lengths were also successfully fabricated with a very significant of filament sagging observed.

An Update on the Use of Alginate in Additive Biofabrication Techniques

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 1249-1264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amoljit Singh Gill ◽  
Parneet Kaur Deol ◽  
Indu Pal Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Selective Laser Sintering ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Three Dimension ◽  
Anionic Polymer ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
The Status ◽  
Deposition Modeling ◽  
Extrusion Printing

Background: Solid free forming (SFF) technique also called additive manufacturing process is immensely popular for biofabrication owing to its high accuracy, precision and reproducibility. Method: SFF techniques like stereolithography, selective laser sintering, fused deposition modeling, extrusion printing, and inkjet printing create three dimension (3D) structures by layer by layer processing of the material. To achieve desirable results, selection of the appropriate technique is an important aspect and it is based on the nature of biomaterial or bioink to be processed. Result & Conclusion: Alginate is a commonly employed bioink in biofabrication process, attributable to its nontoxic, biodegradable and biocompatible nature; low cost; and tendency to form hydrogel under mild conditions. Furthermore, control on its rheological properties like viscosity and shear thinning, makes this natural anionic polymer an appropriate candidate for many of the SFF techniques. It is endeavoured in the present review to highlight the status of alginate as bioink in various SFF techniques.

scholarly journals Strength Comparison of FDM 3D Printed PLA Made by Different Manufacturers

TEM Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 966-970
Author(s):  
Damir Hodžić ◽  
Adi Pandžić ◽  
Ismar Hajro ◽  
Petar Tasić
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Manufacturing Technique ◽  
Plastic Materials ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Printing Parameters

Widely used additive manufacturing technique for plastic materials is Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM). The FDM technology has gained interest in industry for a wide range of applications, especially today when large number of different materials on the market are available. There are many different manufacturers for the same FDM material where the difference in price goes up to 50%. This experimental study investigates possible difference in strength of the 3D printed PLA material of five different manufacturers. All specimens are 3D printed on Ultimaker S5 printer with the same printing parameters, and they are all the same colour.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document