Extending Life Expectancy of La Esmeralda Reservoir: A Bet to Support Colombia’s Future Energy Demand

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. del Río ◽  
Hugo Moffett ◽  
César Nieto-Londoño ◽  
Rafael E. Vásquez ◽  
Ana Escudero-Atehortúa
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Sediment Management ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Hydropower Plant ◽  
Life Extension ◽  
Hydropower Generation ◽  
Growing Economy

Abstract This work addresses the strategy of AES Corporation (AES Chivor) in order to extend the life of La Esmeralda reservoir to support Colombia’s future energy demand. Chivor Hydropower Plant entered into service in 1978 and has a capacity of 1000 MW, 8 % of Colombia’s demand. It is first described how the Colombian electricity energy mix is composed. Then, La Esmeralda reservoir, which is used by Chivor for power generation, is described; sediment management plans and maintenance costs for equipment and infrastructure are addressed. Then, sediment dynamics studies that have been done in order to determine life expectancy of La Esmeralda reservoir are listed. Such studies have been used to execute the Chivor’s Life Extension Project, which considers the modification of intakes as the best option to extend the life of the reservoir for at least 50 years, among several alternatives that were evaluated by a panel of international experts. This represents a challenge from the engineering point of view, and the project will be shown as a successful example for a country with such dependence on hydropower generation. Modernizing existing infrastructure without affecting the operation, as in this case, is crucial to show how a sustainable sediment management plan and technological development are necessary to extend life of hydropower generation projects, and to help meeting energy demand in a sustainable way for countries such as Colombia with a growing economy.

scholarly journals Chivor’s Life Extension Project (CLEP): From Sediment Management to Development of a New Intake System

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2743 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. del Río ◽  
Hugo Moffett ◽  
César Nieto-Londoño ◽  
Rafael E. Vásquez ◽  
Ana Escudero-Atehortúa
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Sediment Management ◽  
Life Extension ◽  
Hydropower Project ◽  
Intake System ◽  
Operational Costs ◽  
Generation Capacity ◽  
Current Operation

Sedimentation is an important issue that has been studied for the watershed of reservoirs, since it increases operational costs of hydropower installations, reduces the life expectancy, and compromises the generation capacity due to volume reduction. This work addresses the implementation of Chivor’s Life Extension Project (CLEP), developed in order to extend the life of La Esmeralda reservoir, which is used for power generation in Colombia. Sediment dynamics studies are first described and connected to the need of the AES Corporation to extend the life expectancy of the Chivor Hydropower Project. The geotechnical and hydraulic designs are described and the main considerations and tools for the execution of such a project are addressed. The construction of the new intake system was developed under favorable geomorphological, geological, and hydrogeological conditions, and the project is being developed without affecting the current operation. Such an innovative project is the first of its class in Colombia and goes from studies of sediment transport and sediment management strategies in the watershed to the design and construction of new intakes, in order to extend the life of an existing 1000-MW (6% of Colombia’s demand) powerplant for 50 more years, contributing to a sustainable energy supply for the future.

scholarly journals Development of a computational Procedure for Optimum Sediment Removal: Application to case of Roseires Hydropower Intakes

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-36
Author(s):  
Ahmed Musa Siyam ◽  
Kantoush S. A ◽  
Saad A. S
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Computational Procedure ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Sediment Management ◽  
Hydropower Generation ◽  
Sediment Removal ◽  
Dam Site ◽  
The Impact

Hydropower generation is one of the key purposes that dams were built for. World-wide the sustainability of hydropower operation is deprived and threatened by the alarming rate of reservoir sedimentation. The situation is even worst for the cases where the sediment delta has propagated and reached the dam site. Various sediment management practices have been employed to cope with the problem at a huge amount of cost. This paper analyses the sedimentation problem and the impact on hydropower generation in Roseires reservoir, in Sudan. An economical reservoir sediment management plan such as Hydro-suction dredging technique is suggested. The deposited sediment should be agitated before being bypassed to the downstream via a pipeline that makes use of the natural hydraulic head of water. A detailed design procedure is outlined and guidelines for the optimization are presented. The procedure is theoretically illustrated by applying it to remove the annual deposited sediment ahead of Roseires Hydropower intakes in Sudan. It was concluded that such system is cost effective when compared to costs incurred in tackling the effect of siltation in front of hydropower intakes.

Role of micro-hydropower plants in socio-economic development of rural Afghanistan

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Mohammad Airaj Firdaws Sadiq ◽  
Najib Rahman Sabory ◽  
Mir Sayed Shah Danish ◽  
Tomonobu Senjyu
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Hydropower Plant ◽  
Decent Work ◽  
Hydropower Plants ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Government ◽  
Decentralized Energy ◽  
Energy Options

Afghanistan hosts the Hindu Kush, an extension of the Himalaya mountains that act as water sources for five major rivers flowing through Afghanistan. Most of these rivers provide promise for the construction of water dams and installment of micro hydropower plants (MHP). Although civil war and political strife continue to threaten the country for more than four decades, the Afghan government introduced strategic plans for the development of the country. In 2016 Afghanistan introduced the Afghanistan National Peace and Development (ANPD) Framework at Brussels de-signed to support Afghanistan’s progress towards achieving the SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals). This study discussed the 7th Goal (ensuring access to affordable, reliable, and sustainable energy for all) and 8th Goal (promoting sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all) alignment in Afghanistan. The Afghan gov-ernment acknowledges its responsibility to provide electricity for all of its citizens, but this can only be achieved if the government can secure a reliable source of energy. Afghanistan’s mountainous terrain provides a challenge to build a central energy distribution system. Therefore this study looks for alternative solutions to the energy problems in Afghanistan and explores feasibility of micro-hydropower plant installations in remote areas. This study evaluated socio-economic im-pacts of micro-hydropower plants in the life of average residents. We focused on one example of a micro hydropower plant located in Parwan, conducted interviews with local residents, and gath-ered on-site data. The findings in this study can help policymakers to analyze the effects of devel-opment projects in the social and economic life of residents. It will encourage the government and hopefully the private sector to invest in decentralized energy options, while the country is facing an ever-growing energy demand.

scholarly journals An Integrated Coastal Sediment Management Plan: The Example of the Tuscany Region (Italy)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enzo Pranzini ◽  
Irene Cinelli ◽  
Luigi E. Cipriani ◽  
Giorgio Anfuso
Keyword(s):  
Stability Index ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Sediment Management ◽  
Coastal Sediment ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Human Effects ◽  
Sufficient Magnitude ◽  
Sound Management

This paper presents the results of a study carried out to support the Region of Tuscany Coastal Sediment Management Plan, with the main aim of establishing the sediment budget considering the time span from 1981–1985 to 2005 for the 56 coastal sectors into which the 215 km-long continental sandy coast of Tuscany (Italy) was divided. The sand stability (according to a stability index) and colour compatibility (according to the CIEL*a*b* colour space with an acceptability range conforming to national guidelines) were determined in order to assess the possibility of using the available sediment in accreting sectors to nourish the beach in eroding areas. Only in two cases—i.e., the updrift of a harbour (at Viareggio) and in a convergence zone (at Marina di Pietrasanta)—are the volumes of sufficient magnitude to support a large nourishment project; however, the mean sand size is too small to guarantee efficient nourishment, even with medium-term stability. In contrast, the colour difference, in most of the cases, was shown to be acceptable. Other small sediment stocks, suitable for colour but not for grain size, can be used for periodic ephemeral nourishment works to support seasonal tourist activities. The limited resources available make it necessary to adopt a plan for their optimal use from a regional perspective. This kind of study is of great interest for the proposal of sound management actions to counteract the increasing erosion processes linked to climate change phenomena and human effects on rivers and coastal systems.

Implementation of a Pipeline Integrity Management System at TIGF (France): The Added Value of the Pipeline Threats and Mitigations Module

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karine Kutrowski ◽  
Rob Bos ◽  
Jean-Re´gis Piccardino ◽  
Marie Pajot
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Transmission Grid ◽  
Integrity Management ◽  
Corrective Actions

On January 4th 2007 TIGF published the following invitation for tenders: “Development and Provision of a Pipeline Integrity Management System”. The project was awarded to Bureau Veritas (BV), who proposed to meet the requirements of TIGF with the Threats and Mitigations module of the PiMSlider® suite extended with some customized components. The key features of the PiMSlider® suite are: • More than only IT: a real integrity philosophy, • A simple intuitive tool to store, display and update pipeline data, • Intelligent search utilities to locate specific information about the pipeline and its surrounding, • A scalable application, with a potentially unlimited number of users, • Supervision (during and after implementation) by experienced people from the oil and gas industry. This paper first introduces TIGF and the consortium BV – ATP. It explains in a few words the PIMS philosophy captured in the PiMSlider® suite and focuses on the added value of the pipeline Threats and Mitigations module. Using this module allows the integrity analyst to: • Prioritize pipeline segments for integrity surveillance purposes, • Determine most effective corrective actions, • Assess the benefits of corrective actions by means of what-if scenarios, • Produce a qualitative threats assessment for further use in the integrity management plan, • Optimize integrity aspects from a design, maintenance and operational point of view, • Investigate the influence of different design criteria for pipeline segments. To conclude, TIGF presents the benefits of the tool for their Integrity Management department and for planning inspection and for better knowledge of their gas transmission grid.

The Need for Speed – Technological Acceleration and Inevitabilism in Recent Danish Digitalization Policy Papers

SATS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-48
Author(s):  
Mads Vestergaard
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Technological Determinism ◽  
Economic Values ◽  
Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽  
Sociotechnical Imaginaries ◽  
Official Policy ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

Abstract The article explores whether sociotechnical imaginaries of digitalization as inevitable accelerating development can be traced in Denmark’s official policy papers concerning digitalization 2015–2020. It identifies imperatives of speed, acceleration and agility equal to what has been described as a corporate data imaginary as well as tropes of an imaginary of the fourth industrial revolution and inevitable exponential technological development and disruption. The empirical analysis discovers a shift in the studied period mid-2018, before which inevitabilism is prominent and after which the focus on non-economic values increases and the aim of influencing the development, instead of adapting to it, emerges. The article then addresses how imperatives of acceleration and narratives of inevitabilism may be considered problematic from a democratic point of view employing Hartmut Rosa’s critical diagnosis of the acceleration society and the notion of discursive closure. Finally, it discusses the empirical findings in light of technological determinism and constructivism inherent in the notion of sociotechnical imaginaries and introduces a sociotechnical selectionist theory allowing both for human agency in technological development while also providing a mechanism for explaining the emergence of law-like technological trends, as Moore’s Law, at macro level.

A VARIED PATTERN OF CHANGE OF THE SEX DIFFERENTIAL IN SURVIVAL IN THE G7 COUNTRIES

2005 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
FRANK TROVATO ◽  
NILS B. HEYEN
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Circulatory Disease ◽  
G7 Countries ◽  
Death Rates ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Life Expectancy At Birth ◽  
The Difference

Over the course of the 20th century the sex differential in life expectancy at birth in the industrialized countries has widened considerably in favour of women. Starting in the early 1970s, the beginning of a reversal in the long-term pattern of this differential has been noted in some high-income countries. This study documents a sustained pattern of narrowing of this measure into the later part of the 1990s for six of the populations that comprise the G7 countries: Canada, France, Germany, Italy, England and Wales (as representative of the United Kingdom) and USA. For Japan, a persistence of widening sex differences in survival is noted. The sex differences in life expectancy are decomposed over roughly three decades (early 1970s to late 1990s) from the point of view of four major cause-of-death categories: circulatory diseases, cancers, accidents/violence/suicide, and ‘other’ (residual) causes. In the six countries where the sex gap has narrowed, this has resulted primarily from reduced sex differences in circulatory disease mortality, and secondarily from reduced differences in male and female death rates due to accidents, violence and suicide combined. In some of the countries sex differentials in cancer mortality have been converging lately, and this has also contributed to a narrowing of the difference in life expectancy. In Japan, males have been less successful in reducing their survival disadvantage in relation to Japanese women with regard to circulatory disease and cancer; and in the case of accidents/violence/suicide, male death rates increased during the 1990s. These trends explain the divergent pattern of the sex difference in life expectation in Japan as compared with the other G7 nations.

scholarly journals Bioenergía a partir de microalgas en México

2019 ◽  
pp. 23-34
Author(s):  
Sheila Genoveva Pérez-Bravo ◽  
Ana María Mendoza-Martínez ◽  
Maria del Refugio Castañeda-Chávez ◽  
Luciano Aguilera-Vázquez
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
World Population ◽  
Fuel Prices ◽  
Lipid Contents ◽  
Current Energy ◽  
Short Carbon

The energy demand of the world population is increasing due to population growth and technological development. The current energy base is a generator of CO2 emissions, the most abundant and main greenhouse gas responsible for global warming, as well as pollutants, sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides. The environmental deterioration and the increase in fossil fuel prices make it necessary to investigate less aggressive energy sources with the environment at competitive costs in the market. Biofuels are an alternative for energy production due to their origin in the short carbon cycle, their emissions are considered almost zero, including biodiesel and bioethanol. The latter can be obtained from microalgae rich in carbohydrates and lipids, easy to grow in short periods of time. The objective of this research is to summarize the findings made about the existence of useful microalgae as raw material to produce biofuels in Mexican territory. An exhaustive review of the literature was carried out, which contributed to estimate the microalgal diversity in the country and its lipid contents as well as carbohydrates, with different species of the genera Chlamydomonas, Chlorella, Scenedesmus, Desmodesmus being found mainly.

scholarly journals ASPECTS OF MULTICOMPONENT THERAPY AND PERIOPERATIVE TACTICS IN A PATIENT WITH ATRIAL FIBRILLATION RECEIVING RIVAROXABAN THERAPY. CLINICAL OBSERVATION

2019 ◽  
pp. 62-71
Author(s):  
O. A. Zemlyanskaya ◽  
E. S. Kropacheva
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Catheter Ablation ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Antithrombotic Therapy ◽  
Clinical Observation ◽  
Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Systemic Embolism ◽  
Thromboembolic Risk ◽  
Practical Point

The use of modern oral anticoagulants is associated with a significant reduction in the risk of stroke and systemic embolism in patients with atrial fibrillation, and thus with an increase in the life expectancy of patients. That is why multicomponent therapy and perioperative tactics are actual during prolonged anticoagulation, the aspects of which seem to be one of the most difficult from the practical point of view. This clinical observation is an illustration of the management of a patient with atrial fibrillation at high thromboembolic risk who is receiving Rivaroxaban therapy and who has indications for catheter ablation and multicomponent antithrombotic therapy.

scholarly journals SISI NEGATIF GAME ONLINE PERSPEKTIF ISLAM DAN PSIKOLOGI ISLAM

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 153
Author(s):  
Khotibul Umam ◽  
Abdul Muhid
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Life Style ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Online Games ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Islamic Psychology ◽  
Almost All

Technological development has changed human life style. Child's world that was once filled with traditional games has now been eroded by technological advances. Nowadays online games that replace traditional games are not only favored by children, almost all levels of human age like playing online games. But behind it all there is a negative impact that haunts its users. This study aims to reveal the negative side of using online games from the point of view of Islam and Islamic Psychology. The technique used is literature review by compiling some previous articles. The results showed that excessive use of online games will give a bad impact on the physical and psychological users, such as visual impairment, sleep disturbance, addiction, violence and stress. The use of online games is also considered more disadvantage than the benefits and it’s seen as an activity that wastes time, and it is prohibited in Islam.

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