Role of Gold Nanoparticles in Drug Delivery and Cancer Therapy

2021 ◽  
pp. 124-140
Author(s):  
Mohammad Nadeem Lone ◽  
Irshad Ahmad Wani ◽  
Gulam Nabi Yatoo ◽  
Zubaid U-Khazir ◽  
Javid Ahmad Banday
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Photothermal Effect ◽  
Intracellular Release ◽  
High Dispersity

Among various nanoparticles (NPs), gold nanoparticles (GNPs) gained valuable attention in the field of medicine because of some unique properties like small size and high surface area-to-volume ratio, inert nature, stability, high dispersity, non-cytotoxicity, and biocompatibility. These NPs are evolving as promising agents especially in drug carriers, cancer therapy, and constantly being exploring as photothermal agents, contrast agents, and radiosensitisers. Besides, GNPs interact with thiols that provides an effective and selective means of controlled intracellular release. At the present, cancer patients are increasing rapidly at national and international levels. In this chapter, efforts have taken to highlight the importance of GNPs, their critical mediation in drug delivery, as sensors for probing and imaging tumors and anti-angiogenesis. More importantly, this short piece of analysis highlights the photothermal effect of GNPs in therapy and as radiosensitizers. Finally, the current challenges and future perspectives of GNP's in cancer management are also discussed.

Fabrication of Hybrid Cell-Microbead Constructs Using Laser Direct-Write of Alginate Microbeads and Adherent Breast Cancer Cells

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew D. Dias ◽  
David M. Kingsley ◽  
Douglas B. Chrisey ◽  
David T. Corr
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Hybrid Cell ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Direct Write ◽  
Cellular Interactions ◽  
Paracrine Signaling ◽  
Laser Direct Write

Microbeads are becoming popular tools in tissue engineering as 3D microstructure hydrogels. The gel nature of microbeads enables them to sequester soluble factors and mammalian cells, and their high surface area-to-volume ratio allows diffusion between the bead and the environment [1,2]. Microbeads are thus good systems for drug delivery and can serve as 3D microenvironments for cells. To fully maximize their potential as delivery systems and microenvironments, it is highly desirable to create spatially-precise hybrid cultures of microbeads and mammalian cells. Precise placement of microbeads in proximity to patterned cells will allow the study of spatial cellular interactions, paracrine signaling, and drug delivery.

scholarly journals Biosynthesis and characterization of gold nanoparticles using Brazilian red propolis and evaluation of its antimicrobial and anticancer activities

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. A. Botteon ◽  
L. B. Silva ◽  
G. V. Ccana-Ccapatinta ◽  
T. S. Silva ◽  
S. R. Ambrosio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Anticancer Activities

AbstractGold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are highlighted due to their low toxicity, compatibility with the human body, high surface area to volume ratio, and surfaces that can be easily modified with ligands. Biosynthesis of AuNPs using plant extract is considered a simple, low-cost, and eco-friendly approach. Brazilian Red Propolis (BRP), a product of bees, exhibits anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities. Here, we described the biosynthesis of AuNPs using BRP extract (AuNPextract) and its fractions (AuNPhexane, AuNPdichloromethane, AuNPethyl acetate) and evaluated their structural properties and their potential against microorganisms and cancer cells. AuNPs showed a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) band at 535 nm. The sizes and morphologies were influenced by the BRP sample used in the reaction. FTIR and TGA revealed the involvement of bioactive compounds from BRP extract or its fractions in the synthesis and stabilization of AuNPs. AuNPdichloromethane and AuNPhexane exhibited antimicrobial activities against all strains tested, showing their efficacy as antimicrobial agents to treat infectious diseases. AuNPs showed dose-dependent cytotoxic activity both in T24 and PC-3 cells. AuNPdichloromethane and AuNPextract exhibited the highest in vitro cytotoxic effect. Also, the cytotoxicity of biogenic nanoparticles was induced by mechanisms associated with apoptosis. The results highlight a potential low-cost green method using Brazilian red propolis to synthesize AuNPs, which demonstrated significant biological properties.

scholarly journals MIL-53 (Al) metal-organic frameworks as potential drug carriers

2021 ◽  
Vol 2058 (1) ◽  
pp. 012015
Author(s):  
O Yu Griaznova ◽  
I V Zelepukin ◽  
G V Tikhonowski ◽  
V N Kolokolnikov ◽  
S M Deyev
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Microwave Assisted Synthesis ◽  
Promising Candidate ◽  
Metal Organic

Abstract One of the challenges of the medicine is to improve the chemical stability of drugs and to prevent their premature biodegradation before reaching the therapeutic target. Various nanoparticles were used to solve this problem, but low drug loading efficiency limited their biomedical applications. Metal organic frameworks are promising candidates for drug delivery since they have extremely high surface area and regular porosity. In this study, we prepared high-crystalline MIL-53 frameworks based on aluminium and 2-aminoterephtalic acid by microwave-assisted synthesis and evaluated their properties as drug carriers. Drug loading of chemotherapeutic and diagnostic molecules of different nature riches value of 34% by particle weight, significantly higher than those of other reported solid nanoparticles. Therefore, our results make MIL-53 (Al) frameworks promising candidate for drug delivery.

scholarly journals Electrospinning Nanotechnology-A Robust Method for Preparation of Nanofibers for Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Application.

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 176-184
Author(s):  
Bhadarge Meghana ◽  
Dhas Umesh ◽  
Shirode Abhay ◽  
Kadam Vilasrao
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Theoretical Principle ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Pharmaceutical Application

Nanotechnology has evolved as a preferred choice in current research arena due to the advantages offered by it. The current research in pharmaceutical development is all about exploring and/or adopting different approaches for preparation of nanostructured drug delivery systems. Electrospinning nanotechnology has made its mark as a technology of choice for preparation of nanofibers for different applications. Electrospinning is a novel, robust and efficient fabrication process that is widely accepted and used to assemble nanofibers with distinct features such as length of several kilometers and diameter less than 300 nm. One of the most striking features of nanofibers is that they provide exceptionally high surface area-to-volume ratio and high porosity, making them a robust and attractive candidate for many advanced applications. Many researchers working on development of medicinal and pharmaceutical product design and development have reported their studies indicating successful implementation of electrospinning nanotechnology for preparation of nanofibers with distinct medicinal and pharmaceutical drug delivery applications. Authors of this article aims to provide a comprehensive review of electrospinning method for preparation of nanofibers with respect to theoretical principle, mechanics of electrospinning, critical process parameters, polymers and drug loaded nanofibers incorporated in different drug delivery systems for various pharmaceutical application.  

scholarly journals Graphene Oxide-Based Stimuli-Responsive Platforms for Biomedical Applications

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 2797
Author(s):  
Tejal V. Patil ◽  
Dinesh K. Patel ◽  
Sayan Deb Dutta ◽  
Keya Ganguly ◽  
Ki-Taek Lim
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Responsive Materials

Graphene is a two-dimensional sp2 hybridized carbon material that has attracted tremendous attention for its stimuli-responsive applications, owing to its high surface area and excellent electrical, optical, thermal, and mechanical properties. The physicochemical properties of graphene can be tuned by surface functionalization. The biomedical field pays special attention to stimuli-responsive materials due to their responsive abilities under different conditions. Stimuli-responsive materials exhibit great potential in changing their behavior upon exposure to external or internal factors, such as pH, light, electric field, magnetic field, and temperature. Graphene-based materials, particularly graphene oxide (GO), have been widely used in stimuli-responsive applications due to their superior biocompatibility compared to other forms of graphene. GO has been commonly utilized in tissue engineering, bioimaging, biosensing, cancer therapy, and drug delivery. GO-based stimuli-responsive platforms for wound healing applications have not yet been fully explored. This review describes the effects of different stimuli-responsive factors, such as pH, light, temperature, and magnetic and electric fields on GO-based materials and their applications. The wound healing applications of GO-based materials is extensively discussed with cancer therapy and drug delivery.

Functionalized Nano-graphene Oxide as Multi-modal Clinic for Effective Drug Delivery

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 3768-3771
Author(s):  
Soumitra Satapathi ◽  
Rutusmita Mishra ◽  
Manisha Chatterjee ◽  
Partha Roy ◽  
Somesh Mohapatra
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Graphene Derivatives ◽  
Nano Graphene

Nano-materials based drug delivery modalities to specific organs and tissues has become one of the critical endeavors in pharmaceutical research. Recently, two-dimensional graphene has elicited considerable research interest because of its potential application in drug delivery systems. Here we report, the drug delivery applications of PEGylated nano-graphene oxide (nGO-PEG), complexed with a multiphoton active and anti-cancerous diarylheptanoid drug curcumin. Specifically, graphene-derivatives were used as nanovectors for the delivery of the hydrophobic anticancer drug curcumin due to its high surface area and easy surface functionalization. nGO was synthesized by modified Hummer’s method and confirmed by XRD analysis. The formation of nGO, nGO-PEG and nGO-PEG-Curcumin complex were monitored through UV-vis, IR spectroscopy. MTT assay and AO/EB staining found that nGO-PEG-Curcumin complex afforded highly potent cancer cell killing in vitro with a human breast cancer cell line MCF7.

Gold nanoparticles grown on hydrophobic and texturally-tunable PDMS-like framework

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marieme Kacem ◽  
Nadia Katir ◽  
Jamal El Haskouri ◽  
Abdellatif Essoumhi ◽  
Abdelkrim El Kadib
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Metal Clusters ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Mesoporous Silicas

Mesoporous silicas are among the most suitable high-surface area solids to support small-sized metal clusters and nanoparticles. Unfortunately, the instability of silica in water constitutes a serious impedement for its...

Lawsone Derived Zn (II) and Fe (III) Metal Organic Frameworks with pH Dependent Emission for Controlled Drug Delivery

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sirajunnisa P ◽  
Liz Hannah George ◽  
Narayanapillai Manoj ◽  
Prathapan S ◽  
G.S. Sailaja
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Porous Structure ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Controlled Drug Delivery ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Porous Carriers ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Ph Dependent

Fluorescent biocompatible porous carriers have been investigated as suitable probes for drug delivery and sensing applications owing to their intrinsic fluorescence and high surface area originating from their porous structure...

scholarly journals Electrospun Nanofibers for Sensing and Biosensing Applications—A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 6357
Author(s):  
Kinga Halicka ◽  
Joanna Cabaj
Keyword(s):  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibers ◽  
Clinical Diagnostics ◽  
Loading Capacity ◽  
Electrospun Nanofiber ◽  
Sensing Platforms ◽  
Different Types

Sensors and biosensors have found applications in many areas, e.g., in medicine and clinical diagnostics, or in environmental monitoring. To expand this field, nanotechnology has been employed in the construction of sensing platforms. Because of their properties, such as high surface area to volume ratio, nanofibers (NFs) have been studied and used to develop sensors with higher loading capacity, better sensitivity, and faster response time. They also allow to miniaturize designed platforms. One of the most commonly used techniques of the fabrication of NFs is electrospinning. Electrospun NFs can be used in different types of sensors and biosensors. This review presents recent studies concerning electrospun nanofiber-based electrochemical and optical sensing platforms for the detection of various medically and environmentally relevant compounds, including glucose, drugs, microorganisms, and toxic metal ions.

scholarly journals Anticancer Compounds Derived from Marine Diatoms

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanaa Ali Hussein ◽  
Mohd Azmuddin Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Growth Cycle ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Nano Medicine

Cancer is the main cause of death worldwide, so the discovery of new and effective therapeutic agents must be urgently addressed. Diatoms are rich in minerals and secondary metabolites such as saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, esters, acyl lipids, sterols, proteins, and flavonoids. These bioactive compounds have been reported as potent anti-cancer, anti-oxidant and anti-bacterial agents. Diatoms are unicellular photosynthetic organisms, which are important in the biogeochemical circulation of silica, nitrogen, and carbon, attributable to their short growth-cycle and high yield. The biosilica of diatoms is potentially effective as a carrier for targeted drug delivery in cancer therapy due to its high surface area, nano-porosity, bio-compatibility, and bio-degradability. In vivo studies have shown no significant symptoms of tissue damage in animal models, suggesting the suitability of a diatoms-based system as a safe nanocarrier in nano-medicine applications. This review presents an overview of diatoms’ microalgae possessing anti-cancer activities and the potential role of the diatoms and biosilica in the delivery of anticancer drugs. Diatoms-based antibodies and vitamin B12 as drug carriers are also elaborated.

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