scholarly journals Changes in Muscular Activity while Imagining Weight Lifting Using Stimulus or Response Propositions

1998 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-324
Author(s):  
Frank C. Bakker ◽  
Marc S.J. Boschker ◽  
Tjuling Chung
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Muscular Activity ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Weight Lifting ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Movement Imagery ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Emotional Imagery

Investigating emotional imagery, Lang (1977, 1979) proposed a dichotomy between stimulus and response propositions. In this study, Lang’s model is applied to movement images of lifting of 4.5 and 9 kg weights. Twenty-two male and 17 female students participated in the study. During the imaginary lifting of the weights, the electromyographical activity (EMG) of both biceps brachii muscles were assessed. Imagery ability was measured with the Movement Imagery Questionnaire (MIQ) and another self-report rating scale. When response propositions were emphasized in the script, imaginary weight lifting resulted in greater muscle activity than when stimulus propositions were emphasized. During imagined lifting, EMG activity of the active arm was greater than that of the passive arm. In addition, in the active arm, a significant difference in EMG activity was found between 9 kg and 4.5 kg. It was concluded that Lang’s model is also applicable to emotionally neutral movement Imagery.

scholarly journals Changes in Muscular Activity while Imagining Weight Lifting Using Stimulus or Response Propositions

1996 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank C. Bakker ◽  
Marc S.J. Boschker ◽  
Tjuling Chung
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Muscular Activity ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Weight Lifting ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Movement Imagery ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Emotional Imagery

Investigating emotional imagery, Lang (1977, 1979) proposed a dichotomy between stimulus and response propositions. In this study, Lang’s model is applied to movement images of lifting of 4.5 and 9 kg weights. Twenty-two male and 17 female students participated in the study. During the imaginary lifting of the weights, the electromyographical activity (EMG) of both biceps brachii muscles were assessed. Imagery ability was measured with the Movement Imagery Questionnaire (MIQ) and another self-report rating scale. When response propositions were emphasized in the script, imaginary weight lifting resulted in greater muscle activity than when stimulus propositions were emphasized. During imagined lifting, EMG activity of the active arm was greater than that of the passive arm. In addition, in the active arm, a significant difference in EMG activity was found between 9 kg and 4.5 kg. It was concluded that Lang’s model is also applicable to emotionally neutral movement imagery.

scholarly journals The Effect of Attentional Focus Conditions on Performer’s EMG Activity

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 240-247
Author(s):  
Ayşe Nur Ay ◽  
Yaşar Barış Dolukan ◽  
Mustafa Zahid Yıldız
Keyword(s):  
Motor Performance ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Muscular Activity ◽  
Attentional Focus ◽  
Weight Lifting ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Electromyographic Activity ◽  
External Focus ◽  
Internal Focus ◽  
Focus Condition

Many researchers have been investigated the effect of focusing type on motor performance and muscular activity. Studies have showed that focusing on movement effects, i.e., an external focus enhances motor performance whereas, reduces muscular activity compare to focusing on body movements, i.e., an internal focus. The purpose of present study was to determine whether focusing externally had any effect on reduction of Electromyographic activity of performers. In this study, 16 participants were asked to perform weight lifting under control (no instructions are given), external (focusing on dumbbell) and internal (focusing on biceps brachii muscle) conditions. The EMG data were acquired via DELSYS EMG System and monitored on LabVIEW. RMSE values were calculated to compare the EMG activities under each conditions. The results showed that the EMG activity was significantly reduced under external focus condition.

The effect of attentional focusing strategies on EMG-based classification

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayse Nur Ay ◽  
Mustafa Zahid Yildiz
Keyword(s):  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Muscular Activity ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Weight Lifting ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Internal Focus ◽  
Machine Interface ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Neural Network Classifiers

AbstractEarlier studies showed that external focusing enhances motor performance and reduces muscular activity compare to internal one. However, low activity is not always desired especially in case of Human-Machine Interface applications. This study is based on investigating the effects of attentional focusing preferences on EMG based control systems. For the EMG measurements via biceps brachii muscles, 35 subjects were asked to perform weight-lifting under control, external and internal focus conditions. The difference between external and internal focusing was found to be significant and internal focus enabled higher EMG activity. Besides, six statistical features, namely, RMS, maximum, minimum, mean, standard deviation, and variance were extracted from both time and frequency domains to be used as inputs for Artificial Neural Network classifiers. The results found to be 87.54% for ANN1 and 82.69% for ANN2, respectively. These findings showed that one’s focus of attention would be predicted during the performance and unlike the literature, internal focusing could be also useful when it is used as an input for HMI studies. Therefore, attentional focusing might be an important strategy not only for performance improvement to human movement but also for advancing the study of EMG-based control mechanisms.

scholarly journals A Study of Spiritual Intelligence among Graduate Students

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sushma Kotnala
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Conscious State ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Spiritual Intelligence ◽  
Self Report ◽  
State Expansion ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Meaning Production

The major aim of the study was to find out spiritual intelligence among graduate students. A total of 60 students; 30 males and 30 female students were selected using non probability purposive sampling technique. The age range of all the subjects was between 19-24 years. All the subjects were assessed on the Spiritual Intelligence Self Report Inventory (SISRI- 24) to analyze the spiritual intelligence of both the groups of students. Descriptive analysis of the data was done to obtain Mean and Standard Deviation. Independent sample t-test was used to find out the significant difference between the performance of boys and girls on different spiritual dimension. The findings of the study revealed that there is no significant difference between male and female students on Conscious State Expansion, Critical Existential Thinking, Personal Meaning Production and Transcendental Awareness of Spiritual Intelligence Self Report Inventory (SISRI-24). The study concluded that there is no gender difference on spiritual intelligence.

scholarly journals Mudik during the Covid-19 pandemic, anxiety, and depression among students in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Metta Rahmadiana ◽  
Supra Wimbarti ◽  
Ira Paramastri ◽  
Atik Triratnawati
Keyword(s):  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Different Levels

Purpose: This study explores the occurrence and different levels of anxiety and depression among male and female students who perform or do not perform mudik (homecoming). Investigate the primary source of COVID-19 related information among students. Methods: Online questionnaires consisting of the self-report level of anxiety and depression were delivered to study participants after completing the online informed consent. Quantitative analysis was conducted using the IBM SPSS version 20.0.Results: From a total of 2018 study participants, n=936 were students. Depression (M=8.68; SD= 5.45) was higher among students who did not perform mudik. Meanwhile, the prevalence rate of depression (M=7.18; SD=4.99) was also higher among students who performed mudik. A significant difference [sig (2-tailed) = 0.017; p <0.05)] regarding the level of anxiety was reported higher among female students (M=7.80; SD=4.6) than male students (M=7.03; SD=4.7) and no significant difference [sig (2-tailed) = 0.173; p> 0.05] was reported for the level of depression between male and female students. Instagram was reported as the primary source of COVID-19 related information. Conclusion: This current study supports the notion regarding the occurrence of common mental disorders among students as an impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, regardless of whether homecoming was performed or not. Different levels of anxiety and depression were reported between the male and female student population.

scholarly journals Association between sleep pattern and body mass index among undergraduate health colleges’ students at Qassim University, Saudi Arabia

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Fadyah Ali Alfarhan ◽  
Masheal Al. Matrouk ◽  
Haifa AlGaowba ◽  
Raghad AlHamely ◽  
Hanan M. Tork
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Psychological Functioning ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Undergraduate Female

Background and objective: Better quality and adequate amount of sleep are essential to have better cognitive performance and by contrast, poor bedrest is related to a diminishing of cognitive and psychological functioning and deteriorating physical health. Recently the quality of sleep among various segments of the population has become a focus of continuous research and investigations, where insufficient sleep may lead to adverse cardio-metabolic effects by influencing body weight, blood pressure, and glucose tolerance. The objective of this study is to explore the associations between sleep patterns and Body Mass Index (BMI) among undergraduate female students in health colleges.Methods: Across-sectional study was utilized among 288 of undergraduate female students who represent 30% of all undergraduate students in health Colleges of female section, Qassim University. The data regarding their sleeping pattern was collected and calculated by using a validated self-report questioner (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) and Body Mass.Results: According to PSQI scoring, both categories good and poor sleep maximum according to PSQI scoring; both categories good sleep and poor sleep maximum participant's BMI was normal but no statistically significant association was seen between BMI of poor sleep was higher in overweight and obese participants from all departments and also no statistically significant association was seen between poor sleep and body mass index of participant As for the sleep quality as a single question and sleep duration in relation to BMI for different specialties, only for nursing students there was a statistically significant difference of sleep quality/duration in relation to their BMI.Conclusions: Frequency of poor sleep was higher in overweight and obese participants but as per findings there was no statistically significant association was detected between PSQI score and BMI of participants.

scholarly journals Gender Differences on COVID-19 Related Anxiety Among Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-83
Author(s):  
Andi Thahir ◽  
Sulastri Sulastri ◽  
Siti Zahra Bulantika ◽  
Tiara Novita
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Reactivity ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Environmental Pressures ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anxiety Levels

The COVID-19 pandemic creates complex problems and in almost all aspects of life, everyone has been anxious, worried, and panicked about survival. Starting with children, young and old, men and women feel anxious about the threat of COVID-19. This study aimed to determine the differences in anxiety levels between male and female students during the COVID-19 period based on the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (Hamilton, 1969). This study used a survey method with a descriptive design. Sampling using accidental sampling, 396 respondents consisted of 99 male and 297 female with age range of 21-23 years was acquired. Data analysis was based on univariate and bivariate analysis using Chi-Square. The results showed that overall respondents were experiencing high levels of anxiety about COVID-19. On the other hand, there was non-significant difference in anxiety levels between male and female students in facing the COVID-19 pandemic; thereby, indicating that gender did not have significant role in emotional reactivity, such as anxiety and fear. Anxiety would arise when there would be environmental pressures that can hinder one's activities of both male and female students.

scholarly journals Objective and Subjective Evaluation of a Passive Exoskeleton for Upper Limbs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berenger Le Tellier ◽  
Thomas Albouy ◽  
Kevin Lebel
Keyword(s):  
Postural Balance ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Muscular Activity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Upper Limbs ◽  
Perceived Effort ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Effort Reduction ◽  
Passive Exoskeleton

The aim of this study was to evaluate the Hapo ms, a passive upper limbs exoskeleton developed to assist workers for tasks with arms in front of the body. Twelve participants had to perform a static task, a manual handling task and a load carrying task two times: with and without the exoskeleton. In all cases subjective (perceived effort in arm and back areas, comfort) and objective (muscular activity, postural balance) criteria were evaluated. Results have shown a decrease in anterior deltoid (-12 to -18% depending of the task) and in biceps brachii (-19% to -33% depending of the task) muscular activity. No significant difference was pointed out in back muscle and postural balance was not significantly perturbed due to the wear of the exoskeleton. Finally, perceived effort reduction was observed during the three tasks (except in back area for task 1). To conclude, the Hapo ms seems well adapted to assist upper arms during tasks with arms in front of the body.

scholarly journals A study of school bag weight and back pain among intermediate female students in Dammam City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rawan Saleem Alghamdi ◽  
Hoda Mohamed Nafee ◽  
Awatef El-Sayed ◽  
Saad Mohamed Alsaadi
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Sprain And Strain ◽  
The Relationship

Background: The most common cause of low back pain in children is muscle sprain and strain which can occur from carrying a heavy backpack or from activities. This study aimed to assess the relationship between school bag weight and back pain among female students in Dammam city.Methods: A total of 300 female students were included in this study both from east and west sectors of Dammam city, Saudi Arabia. Tools: Data were collected using (1) A structured questionnaire sheet including, socio-demographic data of the students, and close-ended questions about the school-bags as methods of carrying, (2) A weight scale that measured student’s body weight and weight of the school bags, (3) A self-report (Numeric pain rating scale) that assessed pain intensity. Univariate and Multivariate Statistical analysis was performed to test the relationship between the study variables.Results: A total of 288 school children (96.2% out of 300) were carrying bags of weight more than 15% of their body weight. Shoulder and neck pain were reported by 40% of the female students. Statistically there is a significant relationship was found between school bags weight and severity of shoulder pain (p = .042).Conclusion and recommendation: The weights of schoolbags of Dammam city intermediate female students were higher than the internationally acceptable standards. Ministry of Education should set standards to prevent and mange problems of carrying heavy school bags in the intermediate school.

PERSONALITY DISORDERS AND SOCIAL FUNCTIONING IN DEPRESSED PATIENTS

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kool ◽  
J. Dekker ◽  
I. Duijsens ◽  
F. De Jonghe ◽  
P. De Jong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
The Social ◽  
Significant Difference

There is a high level of comorbidity of personality disorders with major depression. Patients who suffer from both depression and an axis II disorder are, in general, more severely ill and ill for longer periods. The presence of personality disorders also has a negative influence on the social functioning of depressed patients, and it has emerged that certain demographic characteristics are present to a significant extent. This article presents the results of a study of 244 out-patients suffering from major depression. The issues addressed were: Firstly, which axis II disorders are found in this group and are there correlations with the demographic characteristics? Secondly, is there a relationship between individual axis II disorders and the severity of the depression and social functioning? It emerges that 60% of the patients with a Hamilton score of at least 14 have one or more axis II disorders according to the VKP self-report, and that 30% have three or more, with more than 50% in cluster C. It was found also that the schizoid and borderline personality disorders in particular are significantly linked to several demographic characteristics. The patients here are more often single and those with a lower level of education. Using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, little significant correlation was found between the presence of an axis II disorder and the severity of the depression. A significant difference was found using the Symptom Check List -90. In social functioning, the citizen role, the social role and the family role turn out to be correlated most significantly, as are the total number of impairments. In addition, the highest correlation is found particularly in cluster C, and the number of axis II disorders is almost always significantly related to the individual roles. The discussion turns to the influence of the measuring instruments used and to the composition of the population, as well as the clinical relevance of the diagnosis of axis II disorders and social functioning in patients with a major depression.

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