scholarly journals Prevalence of atrial fibrillation and cardiovascular risk factors in a 63–65 years old general population cohort: the Akershus Cardiac Examination (ACE) 1950 Study

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. e021704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trygve Berge ◽  
Magnus Nakrem Lyngbakken ◽  
Håkon Ihle-Hansen ◽  
Jon Brynildsen ◽  
Mohammad Osman Pervez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
General Population ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Degree Relative ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
General Population Cohort ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

ObjectivesTo investigate the sex-specific prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF), including subclinical AF found by screening in a general population aged 63–65 years. The prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and their association with AF will also be investigated.DesignCross-sectional analysis of an observational, prospective, longitudinal, population-based cohort study.SettingGeneral population in Akershus county, Norway.ParticipantsWomen and men born in 1950. We included 3706 of 5827 eligible individuals (63.6%); 48.8% were women.MethodsAll participants underwent extensive cardiovascular examinations, including 12-lead ECG. History of AF and other cardiovascular diseases were self-reported. Subsequent validation of all reported or detected AF diagnoses was performed.ResultsMean age was 63.9±0.7 years. Prevalence of ECG-verified AF was 4.5% (women 2.4%, men 6.4%; p<0.001), including screen-detected AF in 0.3% (women 0.1%, men 0.6%; p<0.01). Hypertension was found in 62.0% (women 57.8%, men 66.0%; p<0.001). Overweight or obesity was found in 67.6% (women 59.8%, men 74.9%; p<0.001). By multivariate logistic regression, risk factors associated with AF were height (OR 1.67 per 10 cm; 95% CI 1.26 to 2.22; p<0.001), weight (OR 1.15 per 10 kg; 95% CI 1.01 to 1.30; p=0.03), hypertension (OR 2.49; 95% CI 1.61 to 3.86; p<0.001), heart failure (OR 3.51; 95% CI 1.71 to 7.24; p=0.001), reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (OR 2.56; 95% CI 1.42 to 4.60; p<0.01) and at least one first-degree relative with AF (OR 2.32; 95% CI 1.63 to 3.31; p<0.001), whereas male sex was not significantly associated (OR 1.00; 95% CI 0.59 to 1.68; p=0.99).ConclusionIn this cohort from the general population aged 63–65 years, we found a higher prevalence of known AF than previously reported below the age of 65 years. The additional yield of single time point screening for AF was low. Body size and comorbidity may explain most of the sex difference in AF prevalence at this age.Trial registration numberNCT01555411; Results.

scholarly journals Diastolic dysfunction in individuals with and without heart failure with preserved ejection fraction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan-Per Wenzel ◽  
Ramona Bei der Kellen ◽  
Christina Magnussen ◽  
Stefan Blankenberg ◽  
Benedikt Schrage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
General Population ◽  
Diastolic Dysfunction ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Common Finding

Abstract Aim Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (DD), a common finding in the general population, is considered to be associated with heart failure with preserved ejection faction (HFpEF). Here we evaluate the prevalence and correlates of DD in subjects with and without HFpEF in a middle-aged sample of the general population. Methods and results From the first 10,000 participants of the population-based Hamburg City Health Study (HCHS), 5913 subjects (mean age 64.4 ± 8.3 years, 51.3% females), qualified for the current analysis. Diastolic dysfunction (DD) was identified in 753 (12.7%) participants. Of those, 11.2% showed DD without HFpEF (ALVDD) while 1.3% suffered from DD with HFpEF (DDwHFpEF). In multivariable regression analysis adjusted for major cardiovascular risk factors, ALVDD was associated with arterial hypertension (OR 2.0, p < 0.001) and HbA1c (OR 1.2, p = 0.007). Associations of both ALVDD and DDwHFpEF were: age (OR 1.7, p < 0.001; OR 2.7, p < 0.001), BMI (OR 1.2, p < 0.001; OR 1.6, p = 0.001), and left ventricular mass index (LVMI). In contrast, female sex (OR 2.5, p = 0.006), atrial fibrillation (OR 2.6, p = 0.024), CAD (OR 7.2, p < 0.001) COPD (OR 3.9, p < 0.001), and QRS duration (OR 1.4, p = 0.005) were strongly associated with DDwHFpEF but not with ALVDD. Conclusion The prevalence of DD in a sample from the first 10,000 participants of the population-based HCHS was 12.7% of whom 1.3% suffered from HFpEF. DD with and without HFpEF showed significant associations with different major cardiovascular risk factors and comorbidities warranting further research for their possible role in the formation of both ALVDD and DDwHFpEF.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional survey of cardiovascular health and lifestyle habits of hospital staff in the UK: Do we look after ourselves?

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 543-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarun K Mittal ◽  
Christine L Cleghorn ◽  
Janet E Cade ◽  
Suzanne Barr ◽  
Tim Grove ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
General Population ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Clinical Staff ◽  
Lower Prevalence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Uk

Background A high prevalence of stress-related disorders is well known among healthcare professionals. We set out to assess the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and compliance with national dietary and physical activity recommendations in NHS staff in the UK with comparison between clinical and non-clinical staff, and national surveys. Design A multi-centre cross-sectional study. Methods A web-based questionnaire was developed to include anonymised data on demographics, job role, cardiovascular risk factors and diseases, dietary habits, physical activity and barriers towards healthy lifestyle. This was distributed to staff in four NHS hospitals via emails. Results A total of 1158 staff completed the survey (response rate 13%) with equal distribution between the clinical and non-clinical groups. Most staff were aged 26–60 years and 79% were women. Half of the staff were either overweight or obese (51%) with no difference between the groups ( P = 0.176), but there was a lower prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors compared to the general population. The survey revealed a low compliance (17%) with the recommended intake of five-a-day portions of fruit and vegetables, and that of moderate or vigorous physical activity (56%), with no difference between the clinical and non-clinical staff ( P = 0.6). However, more clinical staff were exceeding the alcohol recommendations ( P = 0.02). Lack of fitness facilities and managerial support, coupled with long working hours, were the main reported barriers to a healthy lifestyle. Conclusions In this survey of UK NHS staff, half were found to be overweight or obese with a lower prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors compared to the general population. There was a low compliance with the five-a-day fruit and vegetables recommendation and physical activity guidelines, with no difference between the clinical and non-clinical staff.

scholarly journals Thirty Years of Epidemiological Studies of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Latvia: Why are they Needed?

2020 ◽  
Vol 74 (5) ◽  
pp. 299-307
Author(s):  
Pēteris Apinis ◽  
Vilnis Dzērve ◽  
Anda Čakša ◽  
Iveta Bajāre ◽  
Andrejs Ērglis
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Epidemiological Study ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
European Standard Population

Abstract The present review is designed to provide insight into population-based investigations of cardiovascular risk factors in Latvia. Most of them represent urban, rural and mixed populations. The results are age-standardised using the European Standard Population. All of the studies confirm a high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors with wide differences across the studies. The differences are not consistent or regular and some of the underlying reasons are discussed. Analysis of the previous studies justifies the need for a nationwide cross-sectional epidemiological study, which in a small country can be carried out in compliance with all the requirements for a population-based epidemiological study.

scholarly journals Relationship between anthropometric indicators and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in adults and older adults of Rio Branco, Acre

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Nathalia Silva de Lima Loureiro ◽  
Thatiana Lameira Maciel Amaral ◽  
Cledir De Araújo Amaral ◽  
Gina Torres Rego Monteiro ◽  
Maurício Teixeira Leite de Vasconcellos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Obese Adults ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
Waist Hip Ratio

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the association between anthropometric variables and cardiovascular risk factors in adults and older adults of Rio Branco, Acre. METHODS: A population-based cross-sectional study with 641 adults and 957 older adults was conducted. The statistical analyses consisted of the distribution of anthropometric variables according to the cardiovascular risk factors by frequency and dispersion measures. Pearson’s correlation coefficient and prevalence ratios (PR) were estimated with their respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) using the SPSS® version 20.0. RESULTS: Moderate correlations were obtained in adult men for waist-hip ratio and total cholesterol (r = 0.486; p < 0.001) and for waist-hip and triglyceride ratios (r = 0.484; p < 0.001). The highest prevalence of hypertension and diabetes in adults were observed in men; in the older adults, the prevalence of hypertension was above 65% in both sexes. The prevalence of dyslipidemia was above 78% in obese adults and older adults. When analyzing the associations, a higher strength of association was found between arterial hypertension and waist-to-stature ratio (PR = 13.42; 95%CI 12.58–14.31) and body mass index greater than 30 kg/m2 (PR = 6.61; 95%CI 6.34–6.89) in adult men. In the analysis of diabetes, the waist-hip ratio presented greater robustness in the association for women (PR = 7.53; 95%CI 6.92–8.20) and men (PR = 9.79; 95%CI 9.14–10.49). CONCLUSION: Anthropometric variables are important predictors of cardiovascular risk; however, their assessments should be performed independently, according to sex and age group.

scholarly journals Optimal BMI cut-off values for predicting diabetes, hypertension and hypercholesterolaemia in a multi-ethnic population

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kee Chee Cheong ◽  
Ahmad F Yusoff ◽  
Sumarni M Ghazali ◽  
Kuang H Lim ◽  
Sharmini Selvarajah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves ◽  
Gender Specific

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the optimal cut-offs of BMI for Malaysian adults.DesignPopulation-based, cross-sectional study. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to determine the cut-off values of BMI with optimum sensitivity and specificity for the detection of three cardiovascular risk factors: diabetes mellitus, hypertension and hypercholesterolaemia. Gender-specific logistic regression analyses were used to examine the association between BMI and these cardiovascular risk factors.SettingAll fourteen states in Malaysia.SubjectsMalaysian adults aged ≥18 years (n 32 703) who participated in the Third National Health and Morbidity Survey in 2006.ResultsThe optimal BMI cut-off value for predicting the presence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia or at least one of these cardiovascular risk factors varied from 23·3 to 24·1 kg/m2 for men and from 24·0 to 25·4 kg/m2 for women. In men and women, the odds ratio for having diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia or at least one cardiovascular risk factor increased significantly as BMI cut-off point increased.ConclusionsOur findings indicate that BMI cut-offs of 23·0 kg/m2 in men and 24·0 kg/m2 in women are appropriate for classification of overweight. We suggest that these cut-offs can be used by health professionals to identify individuals for cardiovascular risk screening and weight management programmes.

scholarly journals Distribution and risk profile of atrial fibrillation patterns among women and men from the general population

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M J Tilly ◽  
Z Lu ◽  
S Geurts ◽  
M A Ikram ◽  
M P M De Maat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
General Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms ◽  
Men And Women

Abstract Background In a clinical setting, atrial fibrillation (AF) subgroups are defined, including paroxysmal, persistent, and permanent AF. These subgroups differ in terms of clinical characteristics, management strategy, and long-term outcomes. Application of clinical classifications in population-based settings is challenging as they are based on the duration of symptoms, recurrence, and treatment. Purpose We aim to develop an objective and standardized classification for AF patterns in the general population and examine the associated cardiovascular risk profiles and outcomes for the identified AF patterns. Methods Participants with only one reported AF episode were categorized as single-documented AF, if at least two separate AF episodes were reported as multiple-documented AF and as longstanding persistent AF if at least two consecutive ECG's at the research center showed AF, not followed by an ECG showing sinus rhythm. We fitted mixed effect models with age as time scale to characterize sex-specific cardiovascular risk factor trajectories preceding each AF pattern. We further used Cox proportional hazard modelling to describe the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), heart failure (HF), stroke, and all-cause mortality following AF. Results We included 14,620 men and women aged ≥45 years. 1137 participants were categorized as single-documented AF, 208 as multiple-documented AF, and 57 as longstanding persistent AF. We identified significant differences in the preceding trajectories of weight, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, waist circumference, hip circumference, and waist-hip ratio with various AF patterns. In general, both men and women with persistent-elevated levels of these risk factors were prone to longstanding persistent AF. AF was associated with a large risk for subsequent CHD, HF, stroke, and mortality in the general population. Among the different AF patterns, single-documented AF conferred the largest risk of CHD [hazard ratio, 95% confidence interval: 1.92 (1.19–3.03)] and mortality [1.70 (1.41–2.07)] as compared to multiple-documented AF, and as compared to longstanding persistent AF [1.45 (0.72–2.90) and 3.66 (2.25–5.95), respectively]. Conclusion We developed a classification for AF patterns within a general population. We identified differences in risk factor trajectories preceding each AF pattern, which implies differences in pathophysiological mechanisms underlying AF. Participants with single-documented AF showed worse prognosis than those with multiple AF episodes. This might be due to the subgroup definition, since participants should live for a longer period of time to be categorized in the multiple-documented AF and longstanding persistent AF groups. This can also imply that participants suffering from multiple AF episodes are more frequently monitored, and treated for other risk factors. However, this could also suggest that singular AF episodes are not as innocent as commonly thought. FUNDunding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: Public hospital(s). Main funding source(s): - Erasmus MC Mrace grant. - Netherlands Organization for the Health Research and Development (ZonMw) Figure 1 Figure 2. Progosis of various AF patterns

scholarly journals Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation Associated with Ischaemic Heart Disease

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Oriol Yuguero Torres ◽  
Jesús Pérez-Mur ◽  
Eric Gutiérrez ◽  
Joan Valls ◽  
Sònia Fornés ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Ischaemic Heart Disease ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models

Objective: To describe cardiovascular risk factors in Atrial Fibrillation (AF) in relation with ischaemic diseases in an emergency service. Methodology: Cross-sectional study of patients with AF attended in the (ES) of the HUAV during 2016. Epidemiological and clinical data and their CVRF were analysed. The statistical association was made through the Chi-Square or Mann-Whitney test. The risk factors associated with AF were adjusted with logistic regression models, calculating OR. Results: We evaluated 552 patients with 46% men and (54%) women with an average age of 72.9 years. In 57 patients (10.3%), the detection of AF was coincidental. The younger patients presented with more frequent palpitations (p <0.05) and the older patients had dyspnea (p <0.05). The older patients are the ones that take longer to consult (p <0.05). 17% (94) of patients with AF have a heart attack before, during or after the episode of AF, with a higher prevalence among men (p <0.05). The probability of diagnosing ischaemic heart disease in a male patient with AF, hypertensive and diabetic is 71%. Conclusion: In men with hypertension and DM a correct diagnostic and therapeutic management, should consider the diagnostic possibility that AF is related to the presence of ischaemic disease. AF can be considered as an anginal equivalent in patients who meet the three conditions: being male, with hypertension and DM.

scholarly journals Food habits and risk of cardiovascular disease in schoolchildren from Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorene Gonçalves Coelho ◽  
Ana Paula Carlos Cândido ◽  
George Luiz Lins Machado-Coelho ◽  
Silvia Nascimento de Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Food Habits ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between food habits and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in schoolchildren of the city Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a population-based sample of 738 schoolchildren aged 6-14 years. A semi-structured questionnaire was used for collecting demographic, socioeconomic, biochemical, clinical, and anthropometric data. Food intake was determined by a food-frequency questionnaire. Food habits were evaluated according to the adapted Recommended Food Score. Multiple linear regression models were constructed to assess how food consumption was associated with cardiovascular risk factors. RESULTS: The schoolchildren presented a dietary pattern characterized by low consumption of healthy foods. Association of cardiovascular risk factors showed that the consumption of foods according to the adapted Recommended Food Score was negatively and significantly associated with tetrapolar percentage of body fat (p=0.030) and systolic blood pressure (p=0.049) in children aged 6-9 years. CONCLUSION: Children's dietary patterns proved to be an important determinant of some of the cardiovascular risk factors studied. Thus, food intake assessment is a primary tool for the prevention and early intervention on cardiovascular risk factors during childhood.

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