scholarly journals 1000 Families Study, a UK multiwave cohort investigating the well-being of families of children with intellectual disabilities: cohort profile

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. e032919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard P Hastings ◽  
Vasiliki Totsika ◽  
Nikita K Hayden ◽  
Caitlin A Murray ◽  
Mikeda Jess ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Primary Caregivers ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total N ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Degree Level

PurposeThe 1000 Families Study is a large, UK-based, cohort of families of children with intellectual disability (ID). The main use of the cohort data will be to describe and explore correlates of the well-being of families of children with ID, including parents and siblings, using cross-sectional and (eventually) longitudinal analyses. The present cohort profile intends to describe the achieved cohort.ParticipantsOver 1000 families of UK children with ID aged between 4 and 15 years 11 months (total n=1184) have been recruited. The mean age of the cohort was 9.01 years old. The cohort includes more boys (61.8%) than girls (27.0%; missing 11.1%). Parents reported that 45.5% (n=539) of the children have autism. Most respondents were a female primary caregiver (84.9%), and 78.0% were the biological mother of the cohort child with ID. The largest ethnic group for primary caregivers was White British (78.5%), over half were married and living with their partner (53.3%) and 39.3% were educated to degree level.Findings to dateData were collected on family, parental and child well-being, as well as demographic information. Wave 1 data collection took place between November 2015 and January 2017, primarily through online questionnaires. Telephone interviews were also completed by 644 primary caregivers.Future plansWave 2 data collection is ongoing and the research team will continue following up these families in subsequent waves, subject to funding availability. Results will be used to inform policy and practice on family and child well-being in families of children with ID. As this cohort profile aims to describe the cohort, future publications will explore relevant research questions and report key findings related to family well-being.

scholarly journals Gender-wise Comparative Assessment of Lifestyle Patterns and Well-being Status among Healthcare Employees at a Tertiary Care Hospital

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanajakshamma Velam ◽  
Vyshnavi Kancherla ◽  
Latheef Kasala ◽  
Anusha Kancherla ◽  
Mounica Reddy Pillaram
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Female Employees ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Lifestyle Patterns ◽  
Comprehensive Study

Abstract Background This study was an attempt to assess and compare the gender-wise lifestyle patterns and well-being status among the employees of a tertiary care teaching hospital. Material and Methods This is a cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study conducted at a tertiary care hospital between May and August 2019. A total of 777 employees belonging to both genders (male and female) and working at different professional levels were assessed. All the enrolled employees were subjected to a comprehensive study tool consisting of various dimensions of their health, which included physical, mental, social, spiritual and intellectual health dimensions. Results Among the participants, 327 (42.1%) were male and 450 (57.9%) were female. There was no significant difference in the mean age of male (37.91 ± 7.52) and female (36.85 ± 8.16) employees (p = 0.07). A significantly higher proportion of diabetes and hypertension were seen in male employees (9.8% and 14.4%, respectively) than in female (5.6% and 6.2% respectively). The overall well-being was better in male employees than in females and was statistically significant (p < 0.0001). We found that male employees had statistically significant better well-being in terms of physical, mental and social health whereas female employees had intellectual health. Conclusion The overall well-being in healthcare staff was good at our tertiary care hospital, and the outstanding/good well-being rate was higher in male employees than in female employees. Female employees experienced risks with regard to their physical health.

Research End-User Perspectives about Using Social Work Research in Policy and Practice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare Tilbury ◽  
Mark Hughes ◽  
Christine Bigby ◽  
Mike Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Well Being ◽  
End Users ◽  
Research Translation ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Social Work Research ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
Research Engagement ◽  
Engagement Strategies ◽  
User Perspectives

Abstract Research funding and assessment initiatives that foster engagement between researchers and research end-users have been adopted by governments in many countries. They aim to orient research towards achieving measurable impacts that improve economic and social well-being beyond academia. This has long been regarded as important in social work research, as it has in many fields of applied research. This study examined research engagement and impact from the perspective of research end-users working in human services. In-person or telephone interviews were conducted with forty-three research end-users about how they used research and interacted with researchers. Content analysis was undertaken to identify engagement strategies and thematic coding was employed to examine underpinning ideas about research translation into practice. Participants were involved in many types of formal and informal research engagements. They viewed research translation as a mutual responsibility but indicated that researchers should do more to improve the utility of their research for industry. The findings highlight the iterative nature of engagement and impact and raise questions about the infrastructure for scaling up impact beyond relationships between individual researchers and their industry partners.

Growth and N status of Populus in mixture with red alder on recent volcanic mudflow from Mount Saint Helens

1990 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul E. Heilman
Keyword(s):  
Late Summer ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilization ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Red Alder ◽  
Total N ◽  
Foliar N ◽  
N Concentration ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Foliar N Concentration

Eleven months after the May 1980 eruption of Mount Saint Helens in southeastern Washington, United States, three Populus clones were planted in an experiment on the Toutle River mudflow deposit. The trees grew at an abnormally slow rate and by 3 years were overtopped by a dense stand (14 600 ± 3600 trees/ha) of red alder seeded naturally onto the site. Over the 6-year period of the study, the total N content of the soil increased an average of 56 kg•ha−1•year−1•. Foliar N concentration in Populus increased significantly from a mean late summer – early autumn value in the 2nd year (1982) of 0.69% N to a value of 2.06% N at the end of the seventh growing season. The mean annual height growth of the largest Populus averaged <0.5 m/year in the first 3 years, increasing to an average of over 1.0 m/year in the 5th and 6th years. Fertilizer treatments with N (as urea) and N + P (as urea plus treble superphosphate) placed in the soil near the individual Populus at a maximum rate of 5.3 g N/tree increased height growth in the year of fertilization (1982) and the following year (the response in height growth for the 2 years totaled 64%). After 1984, no significant effects of fertilizer on height growth, total height, or diameter were evident. Nitrogen fertilization significantly increased foliar N concentration (1.54% N with the highest N treatment vs. 0.69% N in the control) in the year of treatment only. Phosphorus fertilization had no significant effect on growth or foliar P concentration. At 6 years, only 2% of the Populustrichocarpa Torr. & Gray clone and 13% of the tallest Populus hybrid were equal to or above the mean height of alder dominants and codominants (6.2 m). Additionally, the diameter growth of Populus was severely limited: the trees had only 8% of the cross-sectional area of "normal" trees for their height. Results indicated that on sites of low N such as the mudflow, Populus may not compete satisfactorily in mixture with alder. Such behavior is in sharp contrast to sites of high N, where red alder cannot compete with Populus.

scholarly journals Frequency and severity of depression in primary caregivers of psychotic patients.

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 1776-1782
Author(s):  
Shehla Gul ◽  
Muhammad Adnan Bashir ◽  
Sohail Ali
Keyword(s):  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Primary Caregivers ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Severity Of Depression ◽  
The Mean

Objectives: The study aimed at determining the frequency and severity of depression in primary caregivers of psychotic patients. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Out-patient as well as in-patient setting of Department of Psychiatry, Military Hospital Rawalpindi. Period: Six months, from 20th April 2017 to 19th October 2017. Material and Methods: Purposive, non-probable sampling technique was used. A total of 246 caregivers of the same number of psychotic patients were studied after consent, using the General Health Questionnaire 28 (GHQ-28) and Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI). The mean total BDI scores were calculated and correlated with the socio-demographic variables. Results: The mean total GHQ-28 score of 246 caregivers was 7.32 (cut off score is >7) which indicate definite psychopathology among them. Out of 246 caregivers, 175 (71.1%) showed scores greater than 7 (GHQ positive) while 71 (28.9%) showed scores less than 7 (GHQ negative). The mean total BDI score of 175 caregivers (who were GHQ positive) was 17.83 (cut off score for depression is >9). Out of 175 GHQ positive caregivers, 72 (41.14%) showed subclinical or no depression, 49 (28%) showed mild depression, 40 (22.86%) showed moderate depression and 14 (8%) showed severe depression on BDI. The results show that there is considerable caregiver burden in relatives of psychotic patients. Conclusion: Caregivers of psychotic patients suffer clinical depression with obvious negative outcomes for the patient. Younger age group, female gender and illiteracy typically carry a greater risk of experiencing higher burden in terms of depression.

P019 Adulthood of juvenile idiopathic arthritis patients: professional outcome

Rheumatology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 60 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Miladi ◽  
S Bouzid ◽  
A Fazaa ◽  
L Souabni ◽  
M Sellami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
College Graduates ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Family Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Professional Outcome

Abstract Background Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a heterogeneous group of rheumatic diseases characterized by onset before the age of 16. Since the disease starts at an early age, it may lead to socio-professional difficulties in adulthood for JIA patients. This study aimed to describe the professional outcome of a series of 20 JIA patients. Methods A cross-sectional study including patients aged 20 years and more and fulfilling the ILAR criteria for the diagnosis of JIA was carried out. Telephone interviews were conducted. The responders answered questions about family status, current occupation, working h, eventual workplace adjustments, and sick leave frequency. Results Twenty patients answered the questionary; 14 males and 6 females. The mean age of the disease onset was 8 years. The mean age of patients at the time of the study was 24.27 years [20–36]. Polyarticular form was the most frequent (10 cases). Other subtypes diagnosed were systemic (4 cases), enthesitis-related arthritis (5 cases), oligoarticular (one case). Hip arthritis was observed in 8 patients and surgical intervention was needed in three. Eight patients were treated with csDMARDSs and 12 with bDMARDs. Three of our patients were married (aged 24, 34, and 36). Five were still studying: 4 had good grades without absenteeism. However, one patient needed special aid to go to school and had a higher absence rate. Five other patients were full-time college students without absenteeism. Four patients were college graduates. Among them, two were searching for a job for &gt;6 months. The other two were full-time administrative workers with no absenteeism. One patient did need workplace adjustments. Six patients could not work because of their physical disabilities. Conclusion According to our results, a quarter of our patients could not access professional life. Disease activity and hip destruction are the two main factors causing JIA patients to miss out on important personal and professional opportunities.

scholarly journals Subjective Well-Being in Early Adolescence: Observations from a Five-Year Longitudinal Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 8249
Author(s):  
Mònica González-Carrasco ◽  
Marc Sáez ◽  
Ferran Casas
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Longitudinal Studies ◽  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Stage Of Development

This article aims to redress the lack of longitudinal studies on adolescents’ subjective well-being (SWB) and highlight the relevance of knowledge deriving from such research in designing public policies for improving their health and wellbeing in accordance with the stage of development they are in. To achieve this, the evolution of SWB during early adolescence (in adolescents aged between 10 and 14 in the first data collection) was explored over a five year period, considering boys and girls together and separately. This involved comparing different SWB scales and contrasting results when considering the year of data collection versus the cohort (year of birth) participants belonged to. The methodology comprised a generalized linear mixed model using the INLA (Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation) estimation within a Bayesian framework. Results support the existence of a decreasing-with-age trend, which has been previously intuited in cross-sectional studies and observed in only a few longitudinal studies and contrasts with the increasing-with-age tendency observed in late adolescence. This decrease is also found to be more pronounced for girls, with relevant differences found between instruments. The decreasing-with-age trend observed when the year of data collection is taken into account is also observed when considering the cohort, but the latter provides additional information. The results obtained suggest that there is a need to continue studying the evolution of SWB in early adolescence with samples from other cultures; this, in turn, will make it possible to establish the extent to which the observed decreasing-with-age trend among early adolescents is influenced by cultural factors.

scholarly journals Profile of patients with rheumatic diseases undergoing treatment with anti-TNF agents in the Brazilian Public Health System (SUS), Belo Horizonte - MG

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 709-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haliton Alves de Oliveira Junior ◽  
Alessandra Maciel Almeida ◽  
Francisco Assis Acurcio ◽  
Jéssica Barreto dos Santos ◽  
Adriana Maria Kakehasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health System ◽  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Public Health System ◽  
Standard Form ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Belo Horizonte

The aim of this study was to describe the baseline demographic and clinical characteristics as well as the functional status of a prospective cohort of patients with rheumatic diseases assisted by the Brazilian Public Health System (SUS). Data for 302 patients receiving tumor necrosis factor α inhibitors (anti-TNF agents) was collected through a standard form. Among patients, 229 (75.8%) were female and 155 (51.3%) were Caucasian; the mean age was 50.3 ± 12.8 years, and the mean disease duration was 9.9 ± 8.7 years. Among them 214 patients (70.9%) received adalimumab, 72 (23.8%) etanercept, and 16 (5.3%) infliximab. Mean Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index (HAQ-DI) was 1.37 ± 0.67 for all participants. Poor functional response was associated with female gender, married patients and with a score of < 0.6 on the EuroQoL-5 dimensions (EQ-5D). Significant correlation was found between the HAQ-DI values, disease activity and quality of life (QOL). The results obtained in this study contribute to a better understanding of the clinical and demographic characteristics of patients with rheumatic diseases at the beginning of anti-TNF-agent treatment by SUS. Furthermore, our findings are consistent with another Brazilian and foreign cross-sectional investigations. This knowledge can be of great importance for further studies evaluating the effectiveness of biological agents, as well as, to contribute to improve the well-being of the patients with rheumatic diseases.

scholarly journals Burden in family caregivers of the elderly: prevalence and association with characteristics of the elderly and the caregivers

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 1129-1136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara de Sa Neves Loureiro ◽  
Maria das Gracas Melo Fernandes ◽  
Sueli Marques ◽  
Maria Miriam Lima da Nobrega ◽  
Rosalina A. Partezani Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Spousal Caregivers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The City

A cross-sectional, epidemiological study aimed to estimate the prevalence of burden among family caregivers of impaired elderly residents in the city of João Pessoa, and to identify associations between the mean burden and social and demographic characteristics of the elderly and the caregivers. A total number of 240 elderly residents in a previously drawn census tract participated in this research. The sample was composed of 52 elderly and their caregivers. For data collection, a questionnaire was applied with questions on social and demographic characteristics of elderly and caregivers, and the Burden Interview Scale was used. Results showed a high prevalence of burden among caregivers (84.6%), in which a statistically significant association was found with the following characteristics: retired elderly, elderly as head of family, spousal caregivers, and caregivers with less education. The findings of this study may contribute to the development of activities focused on formal and emotional support for the caregivers.

Empowerment Programmes of Faith-Based Organisations (FBOs) and Socio-economic Well-being of Members in Yenagoa Community, Bayelsa State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 192
Author(s):  
Jonathan E. Oghenekohwo ◽  
Young D. Tonunarigha
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Peace Building ◽  
Skills Acquisition ◽  
Faith Based ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Economic Well Being

This is an investigation on the empowerment programmes of faith-based organizations (FBOs) and socio-economic well-being of members in Yenegoa Communities of Bayelsa. This study lay to rest the controversy surrounding FBOs, whether they are empowering members or exploiting them and the extent to which such organisations have met its goals especially that of capacity building, charity and giving. The survey research method was used for the study. From a population of 12,565 FBOs leaders and members in Yenegoa communities, a sample of 659 participants was selected through proportional random sampling method. Data were collected with a face and content validated self-structured instrument title: Faith-Based Organisations Empowerment Scales (FBOES), (r=0.88). Four research questions were raised and answered using the mean, standard deviation and multiple regression statistics analysis. Results showed that, faith-based organisations provided skills acquisition programmes for member’s empowerment. Majority of the FBOs were actively involved in the empowerment of youth, women and the most vulnerable members of the affiliates and even the host communities. Faith-based organisations derived its goals from the teaching on social capital investment elements of trust, cooperation, mutuality, compromise, reciprocity, courage, integrity, networking, mentoring, and communication for peace building and community development. It was concluded that faith-based organisations empowerment programmes had positive impacts on members’ social and economic well-being. In view of these findings, it was recommended that leaders of FBOs in the communities should moderate their lifestyles, emulate and enhance the example of service, humanness and sacrifice in their engagement.

Epilepsy and self-esteem

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S384-S385 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Turki ◽  
I. Bouchhima ◽  
N. Halouani ◽  
E. Turki ◽  
N. Bouzidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy

IntroductionEpilepsy is a public health problem that often affects personal and social patients’ life. Self-esteem, an important factor contributing to psychosocial well-being, is generally disrupted in epilepsy.ObjectiveThe aim of our study was to assess self-esteem and factors associated in patients suffering from epilepsy.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytic study, including 20 patients followed for epilepsy at neurology outpatient department, Habib Bourguiba hospital, Sfax, Tunisia. We collected socio-demographic and clinical characteristics, and used the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES).ResultsThe mean age was 35.9 ans. Sex-ratio (M/F) was 3. Hobby practice was noted in 45% of cases. The disease evolves since 19.9 years on average. A worsening of health in the last year was felt in 30% of cases. The stigma was reported in 30% of patients. Self-esteem was: very low 5%, low 40%, average 40%, and high 15%. It was better among married patients, living in family and those with disease evolving since more than 10 years, but without a significant correlation. The factors correlated with good self-esteem were: practicing a hobby (P = 0.006) and absence of stigma (P = 0.001). Poor self-esteem was significantly correlated with perceived health worsened during the last 12 months (P = 0.02). It was poor in unstable patients professionally, but without significant correlation.ConclusionOur study confirms the decline of self-esteem in patients with epilepsy. A better education of these patients to accept their illness, as well as raising public awareness on this affection could facilitate social insertion and improve self-esteem.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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