scholarly journals Time to surgery following chronic subdural hematoma: post hoc analysis of a prospective cohort study

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. e000012
Author(s):  
Sara Venturini ◽  
Daniel M Fountain ◽  
Laurence J Glancz ◽  
Laurent J Livermore ◽  
Ian C Coulter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Subdural Hematoma ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Chronic Subdural Hematoma ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Time To Surgery ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundChronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is a common neurological condition; surgical evacuation is the mainstay of treatment for symptomatic patients. No clear evidence exists regarding the impact of timing of surgery on outcomes. We investigated factors influencing time to surgery and its impact on outcomes of interest.MethodsPatients with CSDH who underwent burr-hole craniostomy were included. This is a subset of data from a prospective observational study conducted in the UK. Logistic mixed modelling was performed to examine the factors influencing time to surgery. The impact of time to surgery on discharge modified Rankin Scale (mRS), complications, recurrence, length of stay and survival was investigated with multivariable logistic regression analysis.Results656 patients were included. Time to surgery ranged from 0 to 44 days (median 1, IQR 1–3). Older age, more favorable mRS on admission, high preoperative Glasgow Coma Scale score, use of antiplatelet medications, comorbidities and bilateral hematomas were associated with increased time to surgery. Time to surgery showed a significant positive association with length of stay; it was not associated with outcome, complication rate, reoperation rate, or survival on multivariable analysis. There was a trend for patients with time to surgery of ≥7 days to have lower odds of favorable outcome at discharge (p=0.061).ConclusionsThis study provides evidence that time to surgery does not substantially impact on outcomes following CSDH. However, increasing time to surgery is associated with increasing length of stay. These results should not encourage delaying operations for patients when they are clinically indicated.

Factors Influencing the Dissemination of Tweets at the American College of Surgeons Clinical Congress 2018

2020 ◽  
pp. 000313482095068
Author(s):  
Stephen P. Sharp ◽  
Douglas G. Mackenzie ◽  
David S.Y. Ong ◽  
Paschalia M. Mountziaris ◽  
Heather J. Logghe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Media Impact ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
American College Of Surgeons ◽  
Twitter Activity ◽  
The Impact

Background Social media is increasingly used in surgery, facilitating the dissemination of knowledge. Social media can potentially aid networking, education, and information exchange. This study explored the impact of tweet components and tweeter characteristics during a large surgical congress to inform recommendations for optimizing social media use at future surgical conferences. Methods Twitter activity was monitored during the American College of Surgeons Clinical Congress 2018 using NodeXL to extract tweets containing the conference hashtag #ACSCC18 (or #ACSCC2018). Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent predictors of retweet activity, also testing for multicollinearity and interactions among variables. Results There were 4386 tweets that contained #ACSCC18 (or #ACSCC2018) posted from 1023 Twitter accounts. A larger group of Twitter accounts just retweeted. Other Twitter accounts with a stake in the conference neither tweeted nor retweeted. In a multivariable analysis of original tweets, the following were all independently associated with retweets, in decreasing order of effect size: mention of other tweeters, multimedia, inclusion of other hashtags, and the number of followers. In contrast with other conferences, the inclusion of a weblink (URL)—for example, link to paper or blog—was not associated with retweets. Discussion This study helps understand social media impact at surgical conferences. Engage by tweeting and retweeting. Mention other tweeters, add multimedia, include congress hashtags and topic-specific hashtags, and build your followers. Although not associated with retweet activity in this study, the inclusion of URLs can still contribute in substantiating the disseminated content based on findings at other conferences.

scholarly journals Association between Health Practice and Food Stockpiling for Disaster

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1414
Author(s):  
Moeka Harada ◽  
Rie Kobayashi ◽  
Jun Oka ◽  
Nobuyo Tsuboyama-Kasaoka
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Food Shortage ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Health Practices ◽  
Health Practice ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Good Score

In this study investigated the association between health practices and food stockpiling for disasters in predicted areas with a high risk of food shortage due to the Nankai Trough earthquake. A survey was conducted during 18–20 December 2019 using a self-administered web-based questionnaire. In total, 1200 individuals registered with an online survey company participated in the study. The association between health practices and food stockpiling status was analyzed (n = 998). 59.1% of participants had a poor Breslow’s seven health practice scores (BHPS), 32.9% had a moderate score, and 8.0% had a good score. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that higher BHPS had a significantly higher prevalence of food stockpiling. Additionally, the interrupted group had the highest percentage of participants with low BHPS. Lower BHPS was significantly associated with interrupted stockpiled in the adjusted models. Among the seven health practices, the odds ratio of the “eating breakfast” practice was high. There was a significant positive association between higher health practice scores and food stockpiling for disasters in areas with a high risk of food shortage due to the predicted earthquake. Particularly, it was clarified that individuals who had fewer good health practices were associated with ending up interrupting food stockpiling.

Cognitive Impairment and Length of Stay in Acute Care Hospitals: A Scoping Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Jonathan Plante ◽  
Karine Latulippe ◽  
Edeltraut Kröger ◽  
Dominique Giroux ◽  
Martine Marcotte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Older persons experiencing a longer length of stay (LOS) or delayed discharge (DD) may see a decline in their health and well-being, generating significant costs. This review aimed to identify evidence on the impact of cognitive impairment (CI) on acute care hospital LOS/DD. A scoping review of studies examining the association between CI and LOS/DD was performed. We searched six databases; two reviewers independently screened references until November 2019. A narrative synthesis was used to answer the research question; 58 studies were included of which 33 found a positive association between CI and LOS or DD, 8 studies had mixed results, 3 found an inverse relationship, and 14 showed an indirect link between CI-related syndromes and LOS/DD. Thus, cognitive impairment seemed to be frequently associated with increased LOS/DD. Future research should consider CI together with other risks for LOS/DD and also focus on explaining the association between the two.

scholarly journals Motivating Information Technology Professionals: The case of New Zealand

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoaib Ahmed ◽  
Nazim Taskin ◽  
David J. Pauleen ◽  
Jane Parker
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Turnover Intention ◽  
Professional Growth ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
It Professionals ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
The Impact

IT professionals play a critical role in organizations. Research indicates that they may be unique in their attitudes toward motivation and job satisfaction. In New Zealand, a shortage of skilled professionals may contribute to or impact on motivation. Using a modified model of Herzberg’s two-factor theory by Smerek and Peterson (2007), this research seeks to answer the question: what motivates New Zealand IT professionals? In response, an online questionnaire was distributed to a population of New Zealand IT professionals and the data analysed using Partial Least Squares to understand the relationship between the various dimensions of job satisfaction, the impact of personal and job characteristics, and turnover intention. The findings show that the New Zealand IT professional is primarily motivated by the nature of his or her work, followed by perceptions of responsibility, and how supervisors encourage an environment for such. Satisfaction with salary is a predictor to a lesser degree. Perhaps somewhat surprisingly, professional growth opportunities, career advancement, and recognition do not have a statistically-significant positive association with motivation. We conclude that, to motivate their IT workforce, organizations should: 1) focus on the nature of the jobs that IT professionals undertake; 2) train supervisors to provide an empowering environment; 3) offer competitive salaries to retain top talent; 4) not hesitate to employ IT professionals born outside New Zealand; and 5) take account of the singularities of the New Zealand labour market in seeking to attract, recruit and retain IT professionals. Implications for policy, practice and theory are discussed.

Impact of Corporate Citizenship on Organizational Citizenship Behaviour of Managers: A Study from Selected Indian Banks

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 294-311
Author(s):  
Neena R. Jain ◽  
Irfan A. Rizvi
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Citizenship ◽  
Demographic Variable ◽  
Corporate Citizenship ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Indian Banks ◽  
The Impact

The primary aim of this research article is to explore the relationship between corporate citizenship (CC) and organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB), specific to selected banks in India. The article has used multi-cross-sectional descriptive empirical data collected from a sample of 430 managers from selected banks in the public and private sectors. The instruments used are a scale developed by Maignan and Ferrell (2000) for CC and a scale developed by Lee and Allen (2002) for OCB. The results show a significant positive association between CC and OCB. Findings also reveal that the ethical and discretionary dimensions of CC are significant predictors of employee OCB. The article draws upon the data to see the impact of demographics on CC and OCB. The demographic variable of age in the organizations is found to have an impact on the employee perception of CC and also OCB demonstrated by them. The results highlight the need for strengthening CC practices in the organization and the role of managers in communicating strongly the citizenship practices adopted by the organization to foster positive work attitudes.

The Impact of Ostomy Creation after Cytoreduction and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy in a Newly Established Peritoneal Malignancy Program

2018 ◽  
Vol 84 (6) ◽  
pp. 776-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary E. Stiles ◽  
Nathan M. Hinkle ◽  
Gitonga Munene ◽  
Paxton V. Dickson ◽  
Andrew M. Davidoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy ◽  
Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy ◽  
Peritoneal Cancer Index ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Peritoneal Cancer ◽  
Prolonged Length ◽  
Stoma Formation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Peritoneal Malignancy

Cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS-HIPEC) has improved outcomes for selected patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis and often requires ostomy creation. We examined the impact of ostomy creation in a newly established peritoneal malignancy program. A retrospective review was performed of CRS-HIPEC procedures from 2011 to 2016. Those who did and did not receive an ostomy were compared. Fifty-eight patients underwent CRS-HIPEC and an ostomy was created in 25.9 per cent. Median peritoneal cancer index (14 vs 16, P = 0.63) and multivisceral resection rates (87.9 vs 100.0%, P = 0.17) were similar between groups. Multivariable analysis revealed that bowel resection (OR 210.65, P = 0.02) was significantly associated with ostomy creation. Advanced age was noted to be inversely associated with stoma formation (OR 0.04, P = 0.04). Progression-free survival was significantly lower in the ostomy group (18 vs 23 months, P = 0.03). Those with an ostomy experienced prolonged length of stay (13.3 ± 7.4 vs 9.5 ± 3.7, P = 0.01). At follow-up, 6/10 temporary ostomies had undergone reversal and three patients experienced morbidity after reversal. Ostomy creation may occur during CRS-HIPEC and carries potential for morbidity. Ostomy creation may contribute to postoperative length of stay. Patients should be counseled preoperatively on the potential impact of ostomy placement during CRS-HIPEC.

Oat β-glucans: An evaluation of eastern Canadian cultivars and unregistered lines

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 429-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Miller ◽  
R. G. Fulcher ◽  
D. J. Vincent ◽  
J. Weisz
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Oat Cultivars

The (1-3), (1-4)-β-D-glucan (β-glucan) content of a number of domestic Canadian oat cultivars and selected unregistered lines was determined to establish the range of β-glucan content in eastern Canadian oat varieties. Seed samples were taken from oats grown at five locations over 3 years in an attempt to assess the effect of environment on variation in β-glucan content. Analysis of variance indicated that the greater source of variation in β-glucan content was due to genetic rather than environmental factors. The highest β-glucan cultivar (Marion) was about 30% higher than the lowest cultivars (OA516-2 and Donald). Differences in β-glucan content among the intermediate cultivars were generally smaller, and in some cases not significant, although the rank order of the cultivars among environments was consistent. A low, but significant, negative association between β-glucan content and precipitation, and a low, but significant, positive association between β-glucan content and temperature was found, but these were not dominant factors influencing β-glucan levels in oats. There was no consistent association between β-glucan content and protein, oil, thousand kernel weight or grain yield (kg/hectare). Key words: Oat, Avena sativa, β-glucan, variation

scholarly journals The Association of Gut Microbiota with Resting Metabolic Rate in Overweight/Obese Women: A Case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanaz Mehranfar ◽  
Seyed Davar Siadat ◽  
Sara Ahmadi Badi ◽  
Sara Hajishizari ◽  
Mir Saeed Yekaninejad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Gut Microflora ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Future Work ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Purpose Low Resting Metabolic Rate (RMR), as a risk factor for obesity, can be affected by many factors. Indeed, genetic and environmental factors are variables taken into account when predicting RMR, and may contribute to a high inter-individual variance. Besides the well-known causes of obesity, researchers have demonstrated the contribution of gut microflora in obesity and energy expenditure. Therefore, the goal of the current study was to compare the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and the relative abundance of, Prevotellaceae, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, bifidobactrium spp, lactobacillus spp, Akkermansia muciniphila, Bacteroides fragilis, and Escherichia coli in two groups of people with normal and low RMR in overweigh/obese women in Iran. Results The abundance of F. prausnitzii (p>0.001), B. fragilis (P= 0.02), and Firmicutes phylum (P= 0.02) were significantly higher in the controls compared to the cases, and showed significant positive association with RMR, (β = 1.29 ×10−5, P=0.01), (β = 4.13 ×10−6, p= 0.04), and (β = 7.76 ×10−1, p= 0.01), respectively. Regarding Lactobacilus, the results showed a significant positive association with RMR (β = 1.73 ×10−4, p= 0.01). Conclusion Intestinal microbiota may be associated with host metabolism. Therefore, future work should investigate, using clinical trials, the impact of manipulating gut microflora to positively influence energy expenditure.

scholarly journals Impact of the Climate Matters Program on Public Understanding of Climate Change

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 863-876
Author(s):  
Teresa A. Myers ◽  
Edward W. Maibach ◽  
Bernadette Woods Placky ◽  
Kimberly L. Henry ◽  
Michael D. Slater ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
The United States ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Public Understanding ◽  
American People ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Media Market

AbstractClimate Matters is a localized climate change reporting resources program developed to support television (TV) weathercasters across the United States. Developed as a pilot test in one media market in 2010, it launched nationwide in 2013; in the autumn of 2019 more than 797 weathercasters were participating in the program. In this paper we present evidence of the impact of the Climate Matters program on Americans’ science-based understanding of climate change. We analyzed three sets of data in a multilevel model: 20 nationally representative surveys of American adults conducted biannually since 2010 (n = 23 635), data on when and how frequently Climate Matters stories were aired in each U.S. media market, and data describing the demographic, economic, and climatic conditions in each media market. We hypothesized that 1) reporting about climate change by TV weathercasters will increase science-based public understanding of climate change and 2) this effect will be stronger for people who pay more attention to local weather forecasts. Our results partially support the first hypothesis: controlling for market-level factors (population size, temperature, political ideology, and economic prosperity) and individual-level factors (age, education, income, gender, and political ideology), there is a significant positive association between the amount of Climate Matters reporting and some key indicators of science-based understanding (including that climate change is occurring, is primarily human caused, and causes harm). However, there was no evidence for the second hypothesis. These findings suggest that climate reporting by TV weathercasters, as enabled by the Climate Matters program, may be increasing the climate literacy of the American people.

scholarly journals Impacts of body composition parameters and liver cirrhosis on the severity of alcoholic acute pancreatitis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0260309
Author(s):  
Dong Kee Jang ◽  
Dong-Won Ahn ◽  
Kook Lae Lee ◽  
Byeong Gwan Kim ◽  
Ji Won Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Abdominal Muscle ◽  
The Body ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
The Impact

Aim Liver cirrhosis and features of muscle or adipose tissues may affect the severity of acute pancreatitis (AP). We aimed to evaluate the impact of body composition parameters and liver cirrhosis on the severity of AP in patients with alcohol-induced AP (AAP). Methods Patients with presumed AAP who underwent CT within one week after admission were retrospectively enrolled. L3 sectional areas of abdominal fat and muscle, and mean muscle attenuations (MMAs) were quantified. The presence of liver cirrhosis was determined using clinical and CT findings. Factors potentially associated with moderately severe or severe AP were included in the multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results A total of 242 patients (47.0 ± 12.6 years, 215 males) with presumed AAP were included. The mild and moderately severe/severe (MSS) groups included 137 (56.6%) and 105 patients (43.4%), respectively. Patients in the MSS group had higher rates of liver cirrhosis, organ failure, and local complications. Among body composition parameters, mean MMA (33.4 vs 36.8 HU, P<0.0001) and abdominal muscle mass (126.5 vs 135.1 cm2, P = 0.029) were significantly lower in the MSS group. The presence of liver cirrhosis (OR, 4.192; 95% CI, 1.620–10.848) was found to be a significant risk factor for moderately severe or severe AP by multivariable analysis. Conclusion The results of this study suggest that liver cirrhosis has a significant impact on the severity of AAP. Of the body composition parameters examined, MMA and abdominal muscle mass showed potential as promising predictors.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document