Group-based parent training programmes demonstrate positive effects on the psychosocial well-being of both mothers and fathers

BackgroundIncreasingly challenging workplaces detrimentally affect doctors’ well-being and patient care. The General Medical Council’s ‘ABC’ compassionate leadership model aims to improve doctor well-being. When COVID-19 emerged, a 4 Nation agreement facilitated early graduation and provisional registration of final year medical students and deployment of new graduates into Foundation interim Year 1 (FiY1) positions. We report how the Northern Ireland Medical and Dental Training Agency (NIMDTA) applied compassionate leadership to the induction of FiY1s.MethodsEmploying ‘What matters to you’, we identified FiY1s’ educational objectives and reviewed information dissemination options within distancing restrictions.A dedicated FiY1 webpage summarised requirements and resources. A regional digital induction with a well-being emphasis facilitated flexible completion. Welcome packs promoted belonging while a ‘buddy system’ delivered support. Collaboration with other stakeholders created staggered follow-up video conferences providing practical and psychological support, removing communication barriers.FindingsFeedback showed high FiY1 satisfaction with the global introduction to practice (83%) and 82% felt valued by NIMDTA and by Trusts after process completion.ConclusionApplying compassionate leadership to induction creates positive effects on doctors’ feeling of value and aligns with organisational strategic aims to support, develop and retain doctors in training programmes. We envision this model being applied to future postgraduate induction programmes.

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Adapting to Uncertainty: A Mixed-Method Study on the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Expectant and Postpartum Women and Men

Frontiers in Psychology ◽

10.3389/fpsyg.2021.688340 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Inês M. Tavares ◽

Joana Fernandes ◽

Catarina V. Moura ◽

Pedro J. Nobre ◽

Mariana L. Carrito

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Perceived Stress ◽

Mixed Method ◽

Transition To Parenthood ◽

Well Being ◽

Physical Contact ◽

Negative Effects ◽

New Mothers ◽

Mothers And Fathers ◽

Positive Effects

Detrimental biopsychosocial effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on populations have been established worldwide. Despite research indicating that the transition to parenthood is a vulnerable period for maternal and paternal health, an in-depth examination of the specific challenges the pandemic poses for new mothers and fathers is still lacking. Using a mixed-method design, we investigated individual and relational well-being of women and men who were expecting their first child during the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic in Portugal and its associations with contextual, individual, and relational factors. Adults older than 18 (n = 316, 198 women) from early pregnancy to 6-months postpartum completed a cross-sectional online survey assessing sociodemographic, individual (depression, anxiety, perceived stress), and relational (dyadic adjustment, perceived social support) self-report measures. From those, 99 participants (64 women) responded to an open-ended question and reported perceived changes in their couple’s relationship due to the pandemic. Men responding during strict lockdown measures reported significantly higher levels of perceived stress relative to those men who were not under lockdown. Overall, women reported higher levels of depression and greater social support than men. Qualitative analyses resulted in two main themes: Individual Changes and Relational Changes. These themes aggregate personal concerns and experiences (e.g., worsening of mental health, uncertainty about the future, lack of freedom) interrelated with relational issues (e.g., increased togetherness, avoidance of physical contact, and increased availability for parenthood during lockdown). The prevalence of negative effects (58.6%) exceeded the described positive effects (28.3%), and 13.1% described both positive and negative effects of the pandemic. Current findings offer grounds for important evidence-based strategies to mitigate the potential adverse effects of the current pandemic on new mothers’ and fathers’ individual and relational well-being.

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Hormonal contraception as a method of social adaptation of women in modern society

GYNECOLOGY ◽

10.26442/20795696.2019.3.190593 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 17-21

Author(s):

Tatyana Yu Pestrikova ◽

Elena A Yurasova ◽

Igor V Yurasov ◽

Tamara D Kovaleva

Keyword(s):

Ethinyl Estradiol ◽

Hormonal Contraception ◽

Modern Society ◽

Well Being ◽

Social Adaptation ◽

Female Employment ◽

Hormonal Contraceptives ◽

Aim Analysis ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Chlormadinone Acetate

Relevance. Currently, women make up more than 40% of the global workforce and more than half of students studying at universities around the world. Women's education, especially at a high level, tends to increase female employment. The mismatch of the style and rhythm of modern life with a genetically determined and working millennium reproductive program requires the choice of a specific approach to social adaptation. Aim. Analysis of literary sources on the use of hormonal contraception as a method of social adaptation. Materials and methods. To write this review, domestic and foreign publications were searched in Russian and international search systems (PubMed, eLibrary, etc.) for the last 2-10 years. The review included articles from peer-reviewed literature. Results. The review describes the features of modern hormonal contraceptives. Their non-contraceptive effects are presented. The individual non-contraceptive effects of a combined oral contraceptive containing 30 mg of ethinyl estradiol and 2 mg of chlormadinone acetate were determined. It has been established that the use of this contraceptive helps to improve the well-being and mood of patients, which allows you to actively use this contraceptive in routine clinical practice with premenstrual syndrome, dysmenorrhea, without the use of analgesics. Conclusions. The numerous positive effects of ethinyl estradiol and chlormadinone acetate allow the use of the drug as a means to increase social adaptation, and, consequently, improve the quality of life.

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Transition from Emotional to Rational Advertising for Food Products on the Romanian Market

Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova ◽

10.1515/cerce-2017-0009 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 101-108

Author(s):

A.F. Jităreanu ◽

Elena Leonte ◽

A. Chiran ◽

Benedicta Drobotă

Keyword(s):

Urban Areas ◽

Eating Habits ◽

Well Being ◽

Point Of View ◽

The Body ◽

Positive Effects ◽

New Methods ◽

Brand Advertising ◽

Tangible Evidence ◽

Health And Well Being

Abstract Advertising helps to establish a set of assumptions that the consumer will bring to all other aspects of their engagement with a given brand. Advertising provides tangible evidence of the financial credibility and competitive presence of an organization. Persuasion is becoming more important in advertising. In marketing, persuasive advertising acts to establish wants/motivations and beliefs/attitudes by helping to formulate a conception of the brand as being one which people like those in the target audience would or should prefer. Considering the changes in lifestyle and eating habits of a significant part of the population in urban areas in Romania, the paper aims to analyse how brands manage to differentiate themselves from competitors, to reposition themselves on the market and influence consumers, meeting their increasingly varied needs. Food brands on the Romanian market are trying, lately, to identify new methods of differentiation and new benefits for their buyers. Given that more and more consumers are becoming increasingly concerned about what they eat and the products’ health effects, brands struggle to highlight the fact that their products offer real benefits for the body. The advertisements have become more diversified and underline the positive effects, from the health and well - being point of view, that those foods offer (no additives and preservatives, use of natural ingredients, various vitamins and minerals or the fact that they are dietary). Advertising messages’ diversification is obvious on the Romanian market, in the context of an increasing concern of the population for the growing level of information of some major consumer segments.

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Effects of Evocative Audio-Visual Installations on the Restorativeness in Urban Parks

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13158328 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (15) ◽

pp. 8328

Author(s):

Massimiliano Masullo ◽

Luigi Maffei ◽

Aniello Pascale ◽

Vincenzo Paolo Senese ◽

Simona De Stefano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Inclusion ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Traffic Noise ◽

Human Perception ◽

Urban Parks ◽

Well Being ◽

Road Traffic Noise ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Experimental Laboratory

Road traffic noise is responsible for several negative health effects for citizens in modern cities. Inside urban parks, which citizens use for social inclusion and cohesion, psychological and physical restoration, and physical activities, road traffic noise may significantly reduce the potential of these places to induce or enhance well-being. Although access restriction schemes and screens could be effective solutions to limit noise inside urban park areas, preserving their potential regenerative role may engender mobility, social, aesthetic, and architectural issues. Due to the positive effects that natural elements and water sounds can have on human perception, and based on the previous findings of the beneficial effects of audio-visual installations, this paper investigates the possibility of using audio-visual installations that simply evoke some natural features to improve the restoration of individuals inside urban parks. The study has been carried out using immersive virtual environments in two different experimental laboratory sessions in Hong Kong (China) and Aversa (Italy). The results showed that the positive effects provided by evocative installations were similar to those provided by traditional installations. Furthermore, the effects on the restoration increased as the installations became larger and included enveloping shapes. Furthermore, we found that the amount of evocative water installations’ material was responsible for changes in restoration. In contrast, the Chinese groups were less influenced by these installations.

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The opportunity of shared autonomous vehicles to improve spatial equity in accessibility and socio-economic developments in European urban areas

European Transport Research Review ◽

10.1186/s12544-021-00484-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Norman Eppenberger ◽

Maximilian Alexander Richter

Keyword(s):

Educational Attainment ◽

Unemployment Rate ◽

Public Transport ◽

Public Transportation ◽

Autonomous Vehicles ◽

Well Being ◽

District Level ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Spatial Equity ◽

Economic Well Being

Abstract Background This paper provides insight into the opportunity offered by shared autonomous vehicles (SAVs) to improve urban populations’ spatial equity in accessibility. It provides a concrete implementation model for SAVs set to improve equity in accessibility and highlights the need of regulation in order for SAVs to help overcome identified spatial mismatches. Methodology Through the formulation of linear regression models, the relationship between land-use and transportation accessibility (by car and public transport) and socio-economic well-being indicators is tested on district-level in four European cities: Paris, Berlin, London and Vienna. Accessibility data is used to analyse access to points of interest within given timespans by both car and public transport. To measure equity in socio-economic well-being, three district-level proxies are introduced: yearly income, unemployment rate and educational attainment. Results In the cities of Paris, London and Vienna, as well as partially in Berlin, positive effects of educational attainment on accessibility are evidenced. Further, positive effects on accessibility by yearly income are found in Paris and London. Additionally, negative effects of an increased unemployment rate on accessibility are observed in Paris and Vienna. Through the comparison between accessibility by car and public transportation in the districts of the four cities, the potential for SAVs is evidenced. Lastly, on the basis of the findings a ‘SAV identification matrix’ is created, visualizing the underserved districts in each of the four cities and the need of equity enhancing policy for the introduction of SAVs is emphasized.

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Non-stigmatising alternatives to anti-obesity public health messages: Consequences for health behaviour and well-being

Journal of Health Psychology ◽

10.1177/1359105321999705 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 135910532199970

Author(s):

Joanne A Rathbone ◽

Tegan Cruwys ◽

Jolanda Jetten

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Health Behaviours ◽

Well Being ◽

Health Messages ◽

Total N ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Public Health Messages ◽

Size Acceptance

This project investigated how alternative non-stigmatising public health messages influence people’s health behaviours and well-being, relative to traditional stigmatising weight-loss messages. We conducted three experimental studies (total N = 1281) that compared traditional weight-loss messages to weight-neutral messages (Study 1), weight-inclusive messages (Study 2) and size acceptance messages (Study 3). Results revealed that public health messages have differential effects on health behaviours and well-being, depending on the audience’s BMI or perceived weight. However, campaigns that challenge weight stigma and promote body positivity have positive effects on some psychological indicators of health and well-being for people of all body sizes.

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Sustained sustainable development actions of China from 1986 to 2020

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-87376-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Bingsheng Liu ◽

Tao Wang ◽

Jiaming Zhang ◽

Xiaoming Wang ◽

Yuan Chang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Development ◽

Local Governments ◽

Local Development ◽

Well Being ◽

The Sustainable Development ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Development Goals ◽

Development Levels ◽

The Right ◽

Resource Conditions

AbstractAchieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is a long-term task, which puts forward high requirements on the sustainability of related policies and actions. Using the text analysis method, we analyze the China National Sustainable Communities (CNSCs) policy implemented over 30 years and its effects on achieving SDGs. We find that the national government needs to understand the scope of sustainable development more comprehensively, the sustained actions can produce positive effects under the right goals. The SDGs selection of local governments is affected by local development levels and resource conditions, regions with better economic foundations tend to focus on SDGs on human well-being, regions with weaker foundations show priority to basic SDGs on the economic development, infrastructures and industrialization.

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The Moderating Impact of Attending Services on the Effect of Older Adults’ Discrimination Experiences on Loneliness

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa057.1035 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 323-323

Author(s):

Dahee Kim ◽

Kyuho Lee

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Perceived Discrimination ◽

Well Being ◽

Religious Community ◽

Religious Activities ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Religious Behaviors ◽

Religious Services ◽

The Impact

Abstract Research has shown that perceived discriminations impact physical and mental health in later life. Discrimination experiences could make older adults consider themselves as a social misfit and decrease their social interactions, which finally increases their loneliness. Religious behaviors has been reported as a key factor of a lower sense of isolation. Considering that religious behaviors provide opportunities to engage in more extensive social networks and have supportive social ties with community members, attending religious services might decrease the impact of older adults’ perceived discrimination on loneliness. The current research aims to examine the moderating role of religious services attendance in the association between older adults’ perceived discrimination and loneliness. We used data of 4,488 adults aged 50 to 80 (M=66.27, SD=10.15) from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) collected in 2012 and 2014. Linear regression analysis was performed to investigate whether older adults’ religious service attendance might decrease the impact of their perceived discriminations in daily life on the level of loneliness. The results indicated that more perceived discriminations older adults face on a daily basis were significantly associated with higher levels of loneliness. However, participants who frequently attended religious services showed a lower impact of perceived discriminations on their loneliness. These findings highlight the positive effects of engaging in religious activities on discriminated older adults’ social well-being. These findings also emphasize the role of the religious community as a social resource for socially marginalized older adults.

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Functional Analytic Multisensory Environmental Therapy for People with Dementia

International Journal of Alzheimer s Disease ◽

10.1155/2012/294801 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jason A. Staal

Keyword(s):

Behavioral Interventions ◽

Disease Process ◽

Well Being ◽

Theory And Practice ◽

Behavioral Theory ◽

Behavioral Disturbance ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Treatment Room ◽

People With Dementia ◽

Multisensory Environment

This paper introduces Functional Analytic Multisensory Environmental Therapy (FAMSET) for use with elders with dementia while using a multisensory environment/snoezelen room. The model introduces behavioral theory and practice to the multisensory environment treatment, addressing assessment, and, within session techniques, integrating behavioral interventions with emotion-oriented care. A modular approach is emphasized to delineate different treatment phases for multisensory environment therapy. The aim of the treatment is to provide a safe and effective framework for reducing the behavioral disturbance of the disease process, increasing elder well-being, and to promote transfer of positive effects to other environments outside of the multisensory treatment room.

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