Do partnership dissolutions and living alone affect systemic chronic inflammation? A cohort study of Danish adults

2022 ◽  
pp. jech-2021-217422
Author(s):  
Karolina Davidsen ◽  
Simon Carstensen ◽  
Margit Kriegbaum ◽  
Helle Bruunsgaard ◽  
Rikke Lund
Keyword(s):  
Educational Level ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Joint Effect ◽  
Living Alone ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Major Life Events ◽  
Major Life

BackgroundPartnership breakups and living alone are associated with several adverse health outcomes. The aim of this study, carried out in Denmark, is to investigate whether accumulated numbers of divorces/partnership breakups or years lived alone across 26 years of adult life are associated with levels of inflammation, and if vulnerability with regards to gender or educational level can be identified.Methods4835 participants from the Copenhagen Aging and Midlife Biobank (CAMB) aged 48–62 years were included. Data on accumulated numbers of partnership breakups and years living alone were retrieved from a national standardised annual register. Inflammatory markers interleukin 6 (IL-6) and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were measured in blood samples. Multivariate linear regression analyses were adjusted for age, educational level, early major life events, body mass index, chronic diseases, medicinal intake affecting inflammation, acute inflammation and personality scores.ResultsFor men, an association was found between an increasing number of partnership breakups or number of years living alone and higher levels of inflammatory markers. No such association was found for women, and no evidence of partnership breakups and educational level having a joint effect was found for either gender.ConclusionThe findings suggest a strong association between years lived alone or accumulated number of partnership breakups and low-grade inflammation for middle-aged men, but not for women. Among those of either sex with a lower level of education, no specific vulnerability to accumulated years lived alone or number of breakups was identified.

scholarly journals Mood disorders and circulating levels of inflammatory markers in a longitudinal population-based study

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 961-973 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Glaus ◽  
R. von Känel ◽  
A. M. Lasserre ◽  
M.-P. F. Strippoli ◽  
C. L. Vandeleur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Reactive Protein

BackgroundThere has been increasing evidence that chronic low-grade inflammation is associated with mood disorders. However, the findings have been inconsistent because of heterogeneity across studies and methodological limitations. Our aim is to prospectively evaluate the bi-directional associations between inflammatory markers including interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) with mood disorders.MethodsThe sample consisted of 3118 participants (53.7% women; mean age: 51.0, s.d. 8.8 years), randomly selected from the general population, who underwent comprehensive somatic and psychiatric evaluations at baseline and follow-up (mean follow-up duration = 5.5 years, s.d. 0.6). Current and remitted mood disorders including bipolar and major depressive disorders (MDD) and its subtypes (atypical, melancholic, combined atypical and melancholic, and unspecified) were based on semi-structured diagnostic interviews. Inflammatory biomarkers were analyzed in fasting blood samples. Associations were tested by multiple linear and logistic regression models.ResultsCurrent combined MDD [β = 0.29, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.03–0.55] and current atypical MDD (β = 0.32, 95% CI 0.10–0.55) at baseline were associated with increased levels of hsCRP at follow-up. There was little evidence for inflammation markers at baseline predicting mood disorders at follow-up.ConclusionsThe prospective unidirectional association between current MDD subtype with atypical features and hsCRP levels at follow-up suggests that inflammation may be a consequence of this condition. The role of inflammation, particularly hsCRP that is critically involved in cardiovascular diseases, warrants further study. Future research that examines potential influences of medications on inflammatory processes is indicated.

scholarly journals Accumulation of Major Life Events in Childhood and Adult Life and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. e0138654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolene Masters Pedersen ◽  
Naja Hulvej Rod ◽  
Ingelise Andersen ◽  
Theis Lange ◽  
Gry Poulsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Major Life Events ◽  
Major Life

scholarly journals The Effect of Low-Grade Chronic Inflammation on the Pathogenesis of Metabolic Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARINA GERGES
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Obese People ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Condition

It is well accepted that metabolic syndrome (MS) increases the risk for the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), stroke and cancer [1] . Recently, the chronic inflammatory condition that often accompanies the MS has been implicated as a major factor both in the installation of the MS itself and its associated pathophysiological consequences [2] . However, the inflammatory state that accompanies the MS does not completely fit into the classical definition of acute or chronic inflammation, as it is not accompanied by infection; there is no massive tissue injury and the dimension of the inflammatory activation is also not large. So, it is often called low-grade chronic inflammation or meta-inflammation , meaning metabolically-triggered inflammation [3] . Several studies support the concept that a proinflammatory state is a component of the MS because of the strong association of elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) with MS-risk factors and high CRP levels impart risk for major coronary events beyond that imparted by the other metabolic risk factors. High-sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP) has been developed and used as a marker to predict coronary vascular diseases in the MS and it was recently used as a predictor for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in correlation with serum markers that indicated lipid and glucose metabolism. However, the reasons for a link between inflammation and MS are not fully understood. One explanation may be that adipose tissue in obese people with MS releases increased amounts of cytokines into the circulation which in turn accounts for a greater production of CRP by the liver. Another possibility is that insulin resistance (IRalone is responsible for higher production of cytokines. Regardless of the mechanism, the finding that patients with MS exhibit characteristics of a proinflammatory state provide a new and exciting connection between inflammation and metabolic processes.

scholarly journals P040 An unusual case of giant cell arteritis

Rheumatology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 60 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Ellis ◽  
Keziah Austin ◽  
Sarah Emerson
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Unusual Case ◽  
Temporal Arteritis ◽  
White Cell Count ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Temporal Artery ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Temporal Artery Biopsy ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background/Aims  A 49-year-old female of Nepalese heritage was referred with right-sided headache, scalp tenderness, and a painful swelling overlying the right temple. She denied any visual or claudicant symptoms but felt systemically unwell with a fever. There were no symptoms suggestive of an inflammatory arthritis, underlying connective tissue disease or vasculitis. She was normally fit and well with no past medical history. She did not take any regular medications and denied using over the counter or illicit drugs or recent travel. On review she had a low grade fever. There was a large tender, erythematous swelling overlying the right temple. Bilaterally the temporal arteries were palpable and pulsatile. Peripheral pulses were normal with no bruits. There was no evidence of shingles (HSV) or local infection. Full systemic examination revealed no other abnormalities. Laboratory tests showed: PV 2.56, CRP 101, total white cell count 14.38 (eosinophils 0.4), albumin 33, Hb 115. Urine dip was normal. Renal function, liver function and immunoglobulins were normal. ANCA was negative. Hypoechogenicity surrounding the right frontal branch of the right temporal artery was seen on ultrasound. There were no discrete masses suggestive of cysts, abscess or tumours. Temporal artery biopsy confirmed the presence of vasculitis; histology demonstrated transmural lymphohistiocytic inflammation, disruption of the elastic lamina and intimal proliferation. Prednisolone was started at 40mg daily. Four weeks after initially presenting she was asymptomatic and her inflammatory markers had normalised. Methods  The case is discussed below. Results  Temporal arteritis, or GCA, is primarily a disease of older adults; with age 50 often used as an inclusion criteria, and is more common in Caucasian populations. Limited reports exist of GCA in younger cohorts, but these are rare. An important differential in younger patients, such as ours, is juvenile temporal arteritis. This rare localised vasculitis affects almost exclusively the temporal artery. It is typically a disease of young males, who present with non-tender temporal swelling. Systemic symptoms are unusual and inflammatory markers are normal. Clinical or laboratory evidence of organ involvement, peripheral eosinophilia or fibrinoid necrosis on histology should prompt consideration of an AAV or PAN. Incidence of GCA increases in correlation with Northern latitude, with highest rates reported in Scandinavian and North American populations. GCA is rare in Asian populations. Higher diagnostic rates in countries where physicians have increased awareness of GCA proposed as an explanation for this difference; however differences in incidence are still observed between Asian and Caucasian populations presenting to the same healthcare providers. Conclusion  GCA is an uncommon diagnosis in younger and non-Caucasian patients. Thorough investigation through ultrasound and biopsy helped increase our diagnostic confidence in this unusual case. Rheumatologists must be alert to atypical presentations in order to deliver prompt and potentially sight-saving treatment. Disclosure  J. Ellis: None. K. Austin: None. S. Emerson: None.

scholarly journals BIOM-62 SENSITIVE DETECTION AND DISCRIMINATION OF INTRACRANIAL TUMORS BY BLOOD

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. ii15-ii15
Author(s):  
Farshad Nassiri ◽  
Ankur Chakravarthy ◽  
Shengrui Feng ◽  
Roxana Shen ◽  
Romina Nejad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Circulating Tumor Dna ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Intracranial Tumors ◽  
Cell Of Origin ◽  
Tumor Dna

Abstract BACKGROUND The diagnosis of intracranial tumors relies on tissue specimens obtained by invasive surgery. Non-invasive diagnostic approaches, particularly for patients with brain tumours, provide an opportunity to avoid surgery and mitigate unnecessary risk to patients. We reasoned that DNA methylation profiles of circulating tumor DNA in blood can be used as a clinically useful biomarker for patients with brain tumors, given the specificity of DNA methylation profiles for cell-of-origin. METHODS We generated methylation profiles on the plasma of 608 patients with cancer (219 intracranial, 388 extracranial) and 60 healthy controls using a cell-free methylated DNA immunoprecipitation combined with deep sequencing (cfMeDIP-seq) approach. Using machine-learning approaches we generated and evaluated models to distinguish brain tumors from extracranial cancers that may metastasize to the brain, as well as additional models to discriminate common brain tumors included in the differential diagnosis of solitary extra-axial and intra-axial tumors. RESULTS We observed high sensitivity and discriminative capacity for our models to distinguish gliomas from other cancerous and healthy patients (AUC=0.99, 95%CI 0.96–1), with similar performance in IDH mutant and wildtype gliomas as well as in lower- and high-grade gliomas. Excluding non-malignant contributors to plasma methylation did not change model performance (AUC=0.982, 95%CI 0.93–1). Models generated to discriminate intracranial tumors from each other also demonstrated high accuracy for common extra-axial tumors (AUCmeningioma=0.89, 95%CI 0.80–0.97; AUChemangiopericytoma=0.95, 95%CI 0.73–1) as well as intra-axial tumors ranging from low-grade indolent glial-neuronal tumors (AUC 0.93, 95%CI 0.80 – 1) to diffuse intra-axial gliomas with distinct molecular composition (AUCIDH-mutant glioma = 0.82, 95%CI 0.66 -0.98; AUCIDH-wildtype-glioma = 0.71, 95%CI 0.53 – 0.9). Plasma cfMeDIP-seq signals originated from corresponding tumor tissue DNA methylation signals (r=0.37, p< 2.2e-16). CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate the potential for cfMeDIP-seq profiles to not only detect circulating tumor DNA, but to accurately discriminate common intracranial tumors that share cell-of-origin lineages.

scholarly journals Physical Activity Patterns After Retirement: The REGARDS Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 528-529
Author(s):  
Eric Shiroma ◽  
J David Rhodes ◽  
Aleena Bennet ◽  
Monika M Safford ◽  
Leslie MacDonald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Accelerometer Data ◽  
Tv Viewing ◽  
Major Life Events ◽  
Major Life ◽  
Physical Activity Patterns ◽  
Regards Study

Abstract Major life events, such as retirement, may lead to dramatic shifts in physical activity (PA) patterns. However, there are limited empirical data quantifying the magnitude of these changes. Our aims were to objectively measure PA before and after retirement and to describe changes in participation in various types of PA. Participants were employed black and white men and women enrolled in REGARDS (REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke), a national prospective cohort study (n=581, mean age 64 years, 25% black, 51% women). Participants met inclusion criteria if they retired between their first and second accelerometer wearing (2009-2013 and 2017-2018, respectively) and had valid accelerometer data (>4 days with >10 hours/day pre- and post-retirement). Accelerometer-based PA was categorized into average minutes per day spent in sedentary, light-intensity, and moderate-to-vigorous PA. Participants reported changes (less, same, more) in 12 types of PA. After retirement, participants decreased both sedentary time (by 36.3 minutes/day) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (by 5.6 minutes/day). Conversely, there was an increase in light-intensity PA (+18.1 minutes/day) after retirement. Participants reported changes in their participation level in various PA activities. For example, 41% reported an increased amount of TV viewing, 42% reported less walking, and 31% reported increased participation in volunteer activities. Findings indicate that retirement coincides with a change in the time spent in each intensity category and the time spent across a range of activity types. Further research is warranted to examine how these changes in physical activity patterns influence post-retirement health status.

scholarly journals The associations between whole grain and refined grain intakes and serum C-reactive protein

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riikka E. Taskinen ◽  
Sari Hantunen ◽  
Tomi-Pekka Tuomainen ◽  
Jyrki K. Virtanen
Keyword(s):  
Disease Risk ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Whole Grains ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
Refined Grains ◽  
Hs Crp

Abstract Background/objectives Epidemiological studies suggest that whole grain intake has inverse associations with low-grade inflammation, but findings regarding refined grains are inconclusive. Our objective was to investigate whether consumption of whole or refined grains is associated with serum high sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP). Subjects/methods The study included 756 generally healthy men and women aged 53–73 years from the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factory Study, examined in 1999–2001. Dietary intakes were assessed using 4-day food records. ANCOVA and linear regression were used for analyses. Results The mean intake of whole and refined grains was 136 g/day (SD 80) and 84 g/day (SD 46), respectively. Higher whole grain intake was associated with lower hs-CRP concentration and higher refined grain intake with higher concentration after adjustment for lifestyle and dietary factors. Each 50 g/d higher whole grain intake was associated with 0.12 mg/L (95% Cl 0.02–0.21 mg/L) lower hs-CRP concentration and each 50 g/d higher refined grain intake with 0.23 mg/L (95% Cl 0.08–0.38) higher concentration. Adjustment for fibre from grains attenuated the associations especially with whole grains. There were no statistically significant interactions according to gender or BMI (P for interactions >0.065). Conclusions The results of this study suggest that higher intake of whole grains is associated with lower concentrations of hs-CRP and higher intake of refined grains is associated with higher concentrations. However, especially the association with whole grain intake was attenuated after adjusting for fibre intake from grains, suggesting that cereal fibre may partly explain the association.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress Is Increased in Combined Oral Contraceptives Users and Is Positively Associated with High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 1070
Author(s):  
Sabina Cauci ◽  
Serena Xodo ◽  
Cinzia Buligan ◽  
Chiara Colaninno ◽  
Mattia Barbina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Free Oxygen Radical ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Healthy Women

Information concerning the mechanisms underlying oxidative stress and low-grade inflammation in young healthy women predisposing eventually to future diseases is scarce. We investigated the relationship of oxidative stress and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in fertile-age women by oral combined contraceptive (OC) use. Caucasian Italian healthy non-obese women (n = 290; 100 OC-users; 190 non-OC-users; mean age 23.2 ± 4.7 years) were analyzed. Blood hydroperoxides, as oxidative stress biomarkers, were assessed by Free Oxygen Radical Test (FORT). Serum hsCRP was determined by an ultra-sensitive method (hsCRP). Markedly elevated oxidative stress (≥400 FORT Units) was found in 77.0% of OC-users and 1.6% of non-OC-users, odds ratio (OR) = 209, 95% CI = 60.9–715.4, p < 0.001. Elevated hsCRP levels ≥ 2.0 mg/L, considered risky for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), were found in 41.0% of OC-users and 9.5% of non-OC-users, OR = 6.6, 95%CI 3.5–12.4, p < 0.001. Hydroperoxides were strongly positively correlated to hsCRP in all women (rs = 0.622, p < 0.001), in OC-users (rs = 0.442, p < 0.001), and in non-OC-users (rs = 0.426, p < 0.001). Women with hydroperoxides ≥ 400 FORT Units were eight times as likely to have hsCRP ≥ 2 mg/L. In non-OC-users only, hydroperoxides values were positively correlated with weight and body mass index, but negatively correlated with red meat, fish and chocolate consumption. Our research is the first finding a strong positive correlation of serum hydroperoxides with hsCRP, a marker of low-grade chronic inflammation, in young healthy women. Further research is needed to elucidate the potential role of these two biomarkers in OC-use associated side-effects, like thromboembolism and other CVDs.

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