scholarly journals Taking it to the bank: the ethical management of individual findings arising in secondary research

2021 ◽  
pp. medethics-2020-106941
Author(s):  
Mackenzie Graham ◽  
Nina Hallowell ◽  
Berge Solberg ◽  
Ari Haukkala ◽  
Joanne Holliday ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Research ◽  
Moral Obligation ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Moral Obligations ◽  
Primary Research ◽  
Ethical Management ◽  
Secondary Research ◽  
Data Archives ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Relationship

A rapidly growing proportion of health research uses ‘secondary data’: data used for purposes other than those for which it was originally collected. Do researchers using secondary data have an obligation to disclose individual research findings to participants? While the importance of this question has been duly recognised in the context of primary research (ie, where data are collected from participants directly), it remains largely unexamined in the context of research using secondary data. In this paper, we critically examine the arguments for a moral obligation to disclose individual research findings in the context of primary research, to determine if they can be applied to secondary research. We conclude that they cannot. We then propose that the nature of the relationship between researchers and participants is what gives rise to particular moral obligations, including the obligation to disclose individual results. We argue that the relationship between researchers and participants in secondary research does not generate an obligation to disclose. However, we also argue that the biobanks or data archives which collect and provide access to secondary data may have such an obligation, depending on the nature of the relationship they establish with participants.

Effective TQM Implementation in the Service Industry: A Proposed Framework

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-129
Author(s):  
Hesham Magd ◽  
Saurav Negi ◽  
Mohammad Sultan Ahmad Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Service Industry ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
Primary Research ◽  
Business Excellence ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Performance Research

Purpose: This paper aims to explore the framework, practices, and implementation of total quality management (TQM) in the service industry. Methodology/Approach: The present study focuses on the existing literature on several TQM dimensions and developed a framework that would allow the service industry to efficiently apply TQM, resulting in enhanced organizational performance. Findings: The research findings suggest that the relevance and implementation of TQM practices have a strong linkage to organizational performance.  Managers shall work for the accomplishments of TQM to achieve success in local and global competition. By implementing TQM practices effectively in the service industry, managers can see improvements in the organization’s function. Therefore, managers shall accept the TQM approach to improve overall service quality and organizational performance. Research Limitation/implication: The study is limited to secondary data collection and no primary research is carried out to verify the proposed framework. Originality/Value of paper: The present study contributes to the literature on TQM by developing a framework for the service industry. This adds to the existing knowledge on TQM in the service industry and builds a foundation to carry out future research. The proposed TQM framework will empower the organizations for superior performance by evaluating the factors, defining rooms for improvement, and designing ways to achieve business excellence.

Using Twitter to Disseminate: A mixed-methods exploration of the extent and nature of the dissemination of a public health research project via the microblogging platform. (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robyn McCarthy ◽  
Cathy Ure ◽  
Penny A Cook
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Public Health Research ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Twitter Analytics ◽  
Twitter Account ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Relationship

UNSTRUCTURED Abstract Social media plays an increasing role in the dissemination of public health research. For public health research projects, a Twitter account holds the potential to disseminate research outcomes to other public health academics, professionals and policymakers. Aims The study examined users’ interactions with the Twitter account of a single research project. Specifically, it (i) measured the relationship between tweet content, using a tweet content score (TCS), and tweet success measured in engagements and impressions; and (ii) explored in depth, the motivations, opinions and experiences of public health academics and professionals using the micro blogging platform Twitter. Methods All Twitter Analytics data for the identified account were retrieved (n= 119 tweets) and the relationship between tweet content and success analysed. Seven stakeholders participated in semi-structured interviews to explore attitudes and motivations around engagement with Twitter. Results A positive correlation between TCS and tweet success was found. Tweets containing at least one mention had significantly greater impressions (551.48 compared to 232.00) and engagements (10.65 compared to 4.42). Tweets containing an image had a significant increase in engagements (13.13 compared to 8.29) but no effect on impressions. Qualitative analysis of the interview data revealed the importance of topic, positivity, and instruction in tweet content. Concerns with platform use related to legitimacy, negative experiences and lack of user confidence. Conclusions The study supports previous research findings. Twitter is a useful tool for public health dissemination and a positive association between TCS and tweet success exists. It is hoped that the findings of this research may be of use to other public health projects using Twitter for dissemination and impact.

scholarly journals CRM and its results in Czech small and medium companies

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halina Starzyczna ◽  
Michal Stoklasa ◽  
Pavlina Pellesova
Keyword(s):  
Customer Relationship Management ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Relationship Management ◽  
Customer Relationship ◽  
Statistical Hypothesis ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Primary Research ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Relationship

The objective of this article is to present partial results of primary research, which was carried out on the basis of questionnaire survey that was focused on the issue of customer relationship management in small and medium-sized companies. The basis is brief theoretical debate focused on the specifics of small and medium-sized companies and customer relationship management. The sample consists of 736 companies from the Moravian-Silesian Region. The research findings focus on CRM awareness, what CRM means to companies and what are the long term results of CRM utilization. The final part of the article presents the established and verified statistical hypothesis reflecting the nature of the relationship between respondents and their answers.

scholarly journals The Effects of Real Earnings Management on the Profitability of the Company

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abeer Al-Zahrani
Keyword(s):  
Earnings Management ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Research Paper ◽  
Real Earnings Management ◽  
Company Performance ◽  
Corporate Value ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
A Company

This research paper was focused on investigating the effects of managing real earnings on the profitability performance of a company. The study used secondary data where co-relational research design was employed. The study used 250 companies selected from “Top 500 Companies listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange” as the sample of the study. The research findings explicitly show that managing real earnings practices adversely affect the company performance together with its corporate value. This research thus expansively contributes to the existing knowledge and literature on the relationship between managing real earnings activities and the profitability performance of a company and its corporate value.

PERSEPSI KEAGAMAAN MASYARAKAT TERHADAP SITUS PURBAKALA GUNUNG PADANG CIANJUR

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-189
Author(s):  
Nanang Rustandi ◽  
Yusuf Wibisono
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Community Activities ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Depth Interviews

Gunung Padang site, Cianjur District, a prehistoric cultural heritage becomes a concern because community activities also juxtaposed religious worships. The problems arise when various perception of the site’s existence is linked to myths. The focus is explored on how religious people related to the perception of Gunung Padang’s existence and restoration. This study uses qualitative research method using two data sources. The primary data are obtained from document studies, field observations, and in depth interviews. Secondary data are obtained from books, journals and other research documents. To analyze the relationship between community religious perceptions and culture of ancient sites, phenomenological approach is applied. The results indicate that religious perception over the site is strongly influenced by the process of integrating local religious and cultural understanding passed down for generations. The form of religious expressions are in form of belief, rite, and community. From the research findings, it arises a configuration of society’s religious perception towards Gunung Padang which integrates religion, culture, and belief (syncretism) characterized by local wisdom. Keywords: Religion; Culture; Society; Site; Myth

Reviews of Cases of Construction Disputes in Malaysia and its Relation with Standard Form of Construction Contract

2013 ◽  
Vol 831 ◽  
pp. 191-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Sim Nee ◽  
Samuel Nadarajan ◽  
Andrew Whyte
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Economic Trend ◽  
Standard Form ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Construction Disputes ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

In Malaysia itself, the construction industry has well governed the economic trend and providing the pathway towards modernization. Construction industry is a huge process that involves many activities in different phases and participation of various professions. The complexity of this industry has made it closely linked to disputes. There are always possibilities of dispute occurrence even when almost all projects are governed by their respective contracts. This study is initiated to find the relationship of standard forms of contract with construction disputes. The focus of this study will be on the construction disputes litigation cases in Malaysia reported to the Current Law Journal (CLJ) between year 1999-2009. The secondary data for this study is obtained from questionnaire survey distributed throughout Malaysia, which looks into construction dispute cases that were not referred to formal law journals. Research findings identified that all projects are governed by standard forms and even though the parameters causing construction dispute are actually monitored by the standard form itself, disputes are not declining or effectively resolved, and hence, making the standard forms as one of the the major causes of construction disputes.

scholarly journals Cost of Staff Welfare and Financial Performance of Listed Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Firms in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-95
Author(s):  
Giami I.B. ◽  
Iwo S.R.
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Pharmaceutical Manufacturing ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Sales Volume ◽  
Return On Assets ◽  
Pharmaceutical Firms ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Relationship

This paper investigated the relationship between the cost of staff welfare and the financial performance of listed manufacturing pharmaceutical firms in Nigeria from the year 2011 to 2019. Cost of staff welfare was used as a dependent variable while growth in sales and return on assets were used as the independent variables. Secondary data was obtained from the published annual reports of the firms understudied. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics including, mean, standard deviations and inferential statistical methods including correlation coefficient and Anova. Two hypotheses were tested with the aid of linear regression using SPSS pack version 22 as the tool for analysis. The research findings showed a significant positive correlation and statistically significant positive relationship between the cost of staff welfare and both growth in sales volume and return on assets respectively. Therefore, it was recommended that pharmaceutical firms should continue to increase the welfare needs of the staff as at when due since this contributes to the firm’s growth in sales volume and return on assets positively.

PERSEPSI PETERNAK PADA KEPEMIMPINAN PENDAMPING DAN HUBUNGANNYA DENGAN PRODUKTIVITAS USAHA TERNAK DI PAGUYUBAN AL-AWWALIYAH, PASIRWANGI, GARUT, JAWA BARAT

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-51
Author(s):  
Dwi Indah Sulistiani ◽  
Ujang Maman ◽  
Junaidi J
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Leadership Qualities ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Education Experience ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

Objective of this research; 1) determine the perception of ranchers against the properties and behavior of the leadership of the companion in the Society of Al-Awwaliyah 2) analyze the relationship between productivity breeder with productivity of livestock in the Society of Al-Awwaliyah 3) identify the relationship perceptions of ranchers against the leadership companion with productivity of livestock in the Society of Al-Awwaliyah , The data used in this study are primary and secondary data. Primary data were obtained from questionnaires which stem from ranchers while secondary data sourced from literature in the form of books and articles. Data processing was performed using Chi-square analysis using SPSS software version 21. One of the factors relating to the productivity of ranchers is the perception of ranchers against the leadership of their companion. Leadership companion views of the nature and behavior of which is owned by a companion. Productivity ranchers indirectly related to the productivity of the cattle business. Characteristics breeder visits of age, years of education, experience ranchers, and businesses in addition to ranchers. The results of data analysis showed that there is a significant relationship between business other than ranchers with ranchers productivity. The relationship between the perception of the nature of the companion breeder with productivity ranchers produce Pearson Chi-Square value is 9.751 and Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) of 0.002. This is due to interest ranchers against leadership qualities possessed by a companion who produce prolific ranchers. Ranchers consider that a companion of his leadership qualities are ideal as a companion.

MAKOTO AS THE INITIAL PRINCIPLE OF THE ETHICAL AND AESTHETIC BELIEFS OF THE JAPANESE

2020 ◽  
pp. 126-138
Author(s):  
M. P. Gerasimova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Moral Obligation ◽  
Driving Factors ◽  
Chinese Characters ◽  
Spiritual Values ◽  
Conceptual Apparatus ◽  
Hieroglyphic Writing ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Aesthetic Ideal

Makoto (まこと, lit.: truth, genuineness, reality, “realness”) is an element of the conceptual apparatus of the traditional worldview of the Japanese. In Japan, it is generally accepted that makoto is a philosophical and aesthetic concept that underlies Japanese spirituality, involving among other principles understanding of the order and laws of the truly existing Universum (shinrabansho̅; 森羅万象) and the universal interconnectedness of things (bambutsu ittai; 万物一体), the desire to understand the true essence of everything that person meets in life, and, unlike other spiritual values, is purely Shinto in origin. After getting acquainted with the Chinese hieroglyphic writing three Chinese characters were borrowed for the word makoto. Each of these characters means truthfulness, genuineness, but has its own distinctive nuances: 真 means truth, authenticity, truthfulness, 実 signifies truth, reality, essence, content, and 誠 again means truthfulness, sincerity, and truth. Makoto (“true words”) and makoto (“true deeds”) imply the highest degree of sincerity of words and honesty, correctness of thoughts, actions, and deeds. The relationship “true words — true deeds” can be seen as one of the driving factors of moral obligation, prompting everyone in their field, as well as in relations between people, to strive to be real. This desire contributed to the formation of a heightened sense of duty and responsibility among the Japanese, which became a hallmark of their character. However, makoto has not only ethical connotation, but aesthetic one as well, and can be considered as the basis on which were formed the concept of mono no aware (もののあ われ、 物の哀れ) and the aesthetic ideal of the same name, that became the first link in the chain of japanese perceptions of beauty. Each link in this chain is an expression of a new facet of makoto, which was revealed as a result of certain elements of the worldview that came to the fore in the historical era.

FISCAL STRESS: Studi Kasus Pemda Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur

Wahana ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-135
Author(s):  
Mesri Welhelmina N. Manafe ◽  
Zet Ena ◽  
Salmun Saul Adu
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Fiscal Stress ◽  
Fiscal Health ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Stress Variable ◽  
Local Budget ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Direct Expenditure

Local governments play a significant role in the life of the community and the national economy which can be achieved in fiscal health conditions reflected in the low disparity in income structure towards regional expenditure. The inability of regions to escape fiscal dependence is due to the low income, especially from Pendapatan Asli Daerah, which causes fiscal stress which then impacts on policies and implementation of regional spending through spending on programs and activities. This study will examine the relationship between Fiscal Stress and Pendapatan Asli Daerah and expenditure of East Nusa Tenggara Province through simple linear regression testing using secondary data Pertumbuhan Pendapatan Asli Daerah and Belanja Langsung using a sample of six (6) districts / cities in 2014-2016 The results of the study show that the fiscal stress variable does not affect the income structure through Pertumbuhan Pendapatan Asli Daerah and Belanja Langsung at a significance level of <0.05. The results of this study contribute to local budget policies and theoretically to the use of direct expenditure variables that are different from previous studies. Key Words: Fiscal Health, Fiscal Stress, Pendapatan Asli Daerah, dan Belanja Langsung

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document