scholarly journals Use of biochar for alleviating negative impact of salinity stress in corn grown in arid soil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled D. Alotaibi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Growth Characteristics ◽  
Salinity Level ◽  
The Impact

Tremendous benefits of biochar (BC) amendment to soil have been reported, including their role in alleviating the impact of salinity stress in plants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of BC produced at 300 ºC (BC300) and 700 ºC (BC700) on the germination rate (GR) and selected growth characteristics of corn plant irrigated with salinized water over a growth period of six weeks. The experimental treatments included: three biochar treatments [BC0 (control, without biocar addition), BC300 and BC700] and three salinity levels of irrigation water [0, 3, and 6 dS m-1]. The biochar was applied at a rate of 3%. The GR decreased with increasing salinity level, which was more evident in the first week. This stress impact was reduced when treated with the BC700 relative to the saline treatments without BC. Both BCs demonstrated contrasting effects on corn growth, nutrient uptake, and Na+ and K+ content in plant tissue. The effect of BC700 treatment on plant height and root length was limited, but the impact of salinity stress on chlorophyll meter readings, chlorophyll fluorescence parameter (Fv/Fm), dry matter yield, and N and P uptake were largely mitigated. It also increased K+ and decreased Na+ content in plant tissue. However, the BC300 treatment adversely affected plant growth parameters at each salinity level. Overall, the BC produced at a higher temperature significantly alleviated the impact of salinity stress on plant growth characteristics, which is probably attributed to their higher surface area and porosity, enhancing their salt ion sorption capacity.

scholarly journals Oil and Flower Production in Rosa damascena trigintipetala Dieck under Salinity Stress in Taif Region, Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4547
Author(s):  
Mohamed E. El-Sharnouby ◽  
Metwally M. Montaser ◽  
Sliai M. Abdallah
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Rosa Damascena ◽  
Flower Production ◽  
Survival Percentage ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Tolerance To Salinity

The flower industry depends on oil and fragrance, which is addressed in the current work. Different concentrations of NaCl (0, 250, 500, 1000, and 1500 ppm) were applied to Taif rose plants (Rosa damascena var. trigintipetala Dieck) to evaluate their effects on growth and essential oil content. Results clearly indicated the highest survival percentage (98.3%) was seen in untreated plants compared to plants under salinity stress. Moreover, increasing the NaCl levels induced an adverse effect on the growth parameters of Taif rose plants, while some essential oil contents were increased to the maximum degree of their tolerance to salinity stress. The extracted essential oils were analyzed using GC/MS. The essential oils of Taif rose plants treated with 500 ppm NaCl recorded the highest values of citronellol, geraniol and phenylethyl alcohol contents (16.56, 8.67 and 9.87%), respectively. NaCl at 250 ppm produced the highest values of heneicosane (13.12%), and then decreased to the lowest value (7.79%) with the increase of NaCl to 1500 NaCl, compared to the control and other NaCl levels. The current results could highlight the impact of salinity stress on Rosa damascena Miller var. trigintipetala Dieck for better economic and industrial applications.

scholarly journals MgONPs Can Boost Plant Growth: Evidence from Increased Seedling Growth, Morpho-Physiological Activities, and Mg Uptake in Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.)

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 3375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Cai ◽  
Minghong Liu ◽  
Zhongwei Liu ◽  
Huikuan Yang ◽  
Xianchao Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Paraffin Section ◽  
Growth Stimulation ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Tobacco Plants ◽  
Tobacco Roots ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mg Content

In this study, we documented the impact of magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgONPs) on the various morpho-physiological changes by root irrigation in tobacco plants in the matrix media, as well as the uptake and accumulation of the NPs over a range of concentrations (50–250 μg/mL). Our results showed that the seed germination rate was not affected following exposure to MgONPs for 5 days. Enhanced plant growth together with increased peroxidase activity (39.63 U mg−1 protein in the 250 μg/mL MgONPs treatment, 36.63 U mg−1 protein in the control), superoxide dismutase activity (30.15 U mg−1 protein compared to 26.95 U mg−1 protein in the control), and chlorophyll content (the chlorophyll a and b contents in 0 and 250 μg/mL of MgONPs were 0.21, 0.12 μg/g to 1.21, 0.67 μg/g, respectively) were observed after 30 days of MgONP treatment. However, the malondialdehyde, protein, and relative water contents did not differ significantly, indicating that the NPs in the test concentrations had no phytotoxicity and even promoted plant growth. Scanning electron microscopy and paraffin section observations indicated that the MgONPs did not affect the plant tissue structures and cells. In addition, an elevated Mg content was detected in the plant tissues exposed to MgONPs, suggesting that the Mg was taken up by the tobacco roots and translocated to the shoots and leaves, which were probably the most important tools to cause an increase in the chlorophyll content and stimulate growth. In particular, compared with the controls, a substantially higher Mg content was observed in the leaves (12.93 mg/g in the MgONPs treatment, 9.30 mg/g in the control) exposed to 250 μg/mL MgONPs, especially in the lower and middle leaves. This result confirmed that the contents of plant Mg-element in the old leaves were increased by MgONPs. In summary, this study investigated increased Mg uptake and growth stimulation, as well as the induction of various positive morpho-physiological changes to tobacco plants when exposed to MgONPs. Results elucidate the promotional impact of the NPs on plant health and their implications for agricultural safety and security.

Resistance in Mungbean Against Meloidogyne incognita and its Impact on Nodulation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narpinderjeet Kaur Dhillon ◽  
Rohit Kumar ◽  
Sukhjeet Kaur ◽  
Anupam Anupam ◽  
Asmita Srari
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Kharif Season ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp ◽  
Moderately Resistant ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Resistant Genotypes

Mungbean is an economically as well as nutritionally enriched crop. Of the different soil borne pathogens attacking mungbean, root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) is an important pathogen affecting growth and production of mungbean. It is grown in summer as well as in kharif season. The germplasm of mungbean of two seasons’ viz., summer and kharif was screened to identify new sources of resistance against root knot nematode, M. incognita. In addition to screening; studies were also conducted on the impact of root knot nematode infestation in roots on nodulation character of mungbean and growth parameters. Of the sixty three genotypes evaluated in summer, seven were found to be moderately resistant. In kharif season, only three genotypes were found to be moderately resistant. M. incognita infestation was also observed to affect the plant growth parameters as well as nodulation on roots of mungbean genotypes. Comparatively, better plant growth and higher nodulation was observed in moderately resistant genotypes as compared to the susceptible ones. The ten identified moderately resistant genotypes from two seasons can be a useful source in breeding programmes for developing cultivars to manage root knot nematode.

scholarly journals High resistance of Panicum miliaceum L. to phenanthrene toxicity based on growth response and antioxidant system assessment

2021 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Sarieh TARIGHOLIZADEH ◽  
Rouhollah MOTAFAKKERAZAD ◽  
Seyed Yahya SALEHI-LISAR ◽  
Elham MOHAJEL KAZEMI
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigment ◽  
Panicum Miliaceum ◽  
Malondialdehyde Content ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
System Assessment ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Impact

<p>Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are a group of organic pollutants influencing different aspects of plants physiology. Physiological responses associated with the impact of phenanthrene (500, 1000, 1500, 2000 ppm) were analysed on Panicum miliaceum L. Seed germination was delayed in all treatments and 2000 ppm of phenanthrene (PHE) significantly retarded the germination rate (28 %) compared to control. The results revealed after 30 day of cultivation, only 1500 and 2000 ppm of PHE had negative impacts on growth parameters as well as photosynthetic pigment contents. Plants exposed to 500 and 1000 ppm of PHE showed an increase in the growth parameters without any symptoms of toxicity, indicating the high tolerance of seedlings to PHE. The activities of antioxidant enzymes were elevated in treated plants. In higher concentrations, H2O2 content also increased despite a reduction in malondialdehyde content. Furthermore, PHE had no effect on root phenol and shoot flavonoid contents and on shoot and root protein contents. Taken together, only higher concentrations of PHE triggered oxidative stress. It can be concluded PHE was not very toxic to P. miliaceum probably because of higher activity of antioxidant system involving in elimination of produced ROS even in plants treated by PHE higher concentrations.</p>

scholarly journals The interaction of salinity and chromium in the influence of barley growth and oxidative stress

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 153-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ali ◽  
F. Zeng ◽  
S. Cai ◽  
B. Qiu ◽  
G. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Nacl Stress ◽  
Oxidative Enzymes ◽  
Hydroponic Experiment ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

The effect of chromium and NaCl on growth and anti-oxidative enzymes in two barley genotypes differing in salt tolerance was investigated in a hydroponic experiment. Salinity stress reduced plant growth, photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance, while increased SOD and POD activities, and MDA content in barley plants. CM72, a salt-tolerant genotype was less affected by salinity stress than Gairdner, a salt-sensitive genotype. The effect of Cr on plant growth and anti-oxidative enzymes varied with Cr level. Under low Cr level (10 &micro;mol), plant growth inhibition and oxidative stress caused by salinity stress were generally alleviated, in particular for Garidner. The combined stress of high Cr level (50 &micro;mol) and NaCl stress caused more severe oxidative stress, resulting in further reduction of plant growth parameters, photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance as compared to two stresses alone.

scholarly journals Efficacy of insect-proof nets used in Tunisian tomato greenhouses against Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) and potential impact on plant growth and fruit quality

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 109 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Harbi ◽  
K. Abbes ◽  
Bouthaina Dridi-Almohandes ◽  
B. Chermiti
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Tuta Absoluta ◽  
Leaf Miner ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Proof Nets

Insect-proof screens constitute efficient physical means of protecting horticultural crops against insect pests and their use has become widespread. However, they may have a negative impact on plant growth and fruit quality by modifying climatic parameters of greenhouses. In case of tomato crops, they are used mainly against white flies and the tomato leaf miner <em>Tuta absoluta</em> (Meyrick). In Tunisia, tomato plastic tunnels are often netted following two modalities: i) complete netting of the greenhouse under the plastic screen (total netting); or ii) netting only doors and lateral aeration windows (partial netting). Weekly monitoring of <em>T. absoluta</em> in two tomato greenhouses with different netting setups using pheromone traps and sampling of leaves and fruits showed no differences in the levels of infestation by the pest with a maximum average values of 6.66 eggs/leaf, 4.16 larvae/leaf and 4.16 mines/leaf. The maximum infestation rate of leaves was 86.66% and that of fruits was 10.83%. No effects of the netting setup used on plant growth parameters were detected. However, the study of fruit quality parameters revealed significant decrease in sugar contents in tomato fruits when using total netting setup (4.26°Brix <em>versus</em> 3.68°Brix). Recommendations regarding the combined use of pheromones traps and insect-proof nets are given and possibilities to enhance the efficiency of nets as physical barrier against <em>T. absoluta</em> are explored.

scholarly journals The Effect of Plant Growth Compensation by Adding Silicon-Containing Fertilizer under Light Stress Conditions

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1287
Author(s):  
Natalya A. Semenova ◽  
Alexandr A. Smirnov ◽  
Andrey A. Grishin ◽  
Roman Y. Pishchalnikov ◽  
Denis D. Chesalin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Light Stress ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Growing Period

The effects of different spectral compositions of light-emitting diode (LED) sources and fertilizer containing biologically active silicon (Si) in the nutrient solution on morphological and physiological plant response were studied. Qualitative indicators and the productivity of plants of a red-leaved and a green-leaved lettuce were estimated. Lettuce was grown applying low-volume hydroponics in closed artificial agroecosystems. The positive effect of Si fertilizer used as a microadditive in the nutrient solution on the freshly harvested biomass was established on the thirtieth day of vegetation under LEDs. Increase in productivity of the red-leaved lettuce for freshly harvested biomass was 26.6%, while for the green-leaved lettuce no loss of dry matter was observed. However, being grown under sodium lamps, a negative impact of Si fertilizer on productivity of both types of plants was observed: the amount of harvested biomass decreased by 22.6% and 30.3% for the green- and red-leaved lettuces, respectively. The effect of using Si fertilizer dramatically changed during the total growing period: up to the fifteenth day of cultivation, a sharp inhibition of the growth of both types of lettuce was observed; then, by the thirtieth day of LED lighting, Si fertilizer showed a stress-protective effect and had a positive influence on the plants. However, by the period of ripening there was no effect of using the fertilizer. Therefore, we can conclude that the use of Si fertilizers is preferable only when LED irradiation is applied throughout the active plant growth period.

scholarly journals Influence of microbial priming and seeding depth on germination and growth of native wildflowers

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Barrera ◽  
Juan Luera ◽  
Kaitlynn Lavallee ◽  
Pushpa Soti
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Biomass Allocation ◽  
Habitat Restoration ◽  
Soil Microbes ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Native Soil ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Germination And Growth

Abstract Background Using native wildflowers for restoring marginal lands has gained considerable popularity. Establishment of wildflowers can be challenging due to several environmental factors. Restoring the microbial community in degraded habitats can potentially result in the native plant performance and habitat restoration. This study was conducted to investigate the impact of native soil microbes and seeding depth on germination of south Texas native wildflowers. Two wildflower species, Ratibida columnifera (Nutt.) (Mexican Hat) and Verbesina encelioides (Cav.) (cowpen daisy), were treated with microbial wash extracted from native soils, and germination rate was recorded for 14-day period. We further analyzed the growth, biomass allocation, and root colonization by mycorrhizal fungi in these two plants growing them in a plant growth chamber for 6 weeks. To determine the impact of seeding depth, we planted the seeds of the two plant species at 2-cm, 6-cm, and 12-cm depth and monitored germination and plant growth. Results The two species responded differently to the seeding depth and microbial wash treatments. Microbial wash treatment resulted in higher germination rate in R. columnifera compared to control, while it did not have any impact on V. encelioides seed germination. While microbial treatment did not influence the total biomass, it had a significant impact on the biomass allocation in both the plant species. R. columnifera seeds germinated at both 2-cm and 6-cm depth and did not germinate at 12 cm, while the V. encelioides seeds germinated only at 2 cm and did not germinate at 6-cm or 12-cm seeding depth. Conclusions While our results are species specific, our results indicate that native soil microbes can potentially improve the seed germination and growth of wildflowers. Our results also indicate the importance of specific seeding depth when sowing wildflower seeds for habitat restoration.

scholarly journals Deep-Sea Actinobacteria Mitigate Salinity Stress in Tomato Seedlings and Their Biosafety Testing

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1687
Author(s):  
Pharada Rangseekaew ◽  
Adoración Barros-Rodríguez ◽  
Wasu Pathom-aree ◽  
Maximino Manzanera
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Acetic Acid Production ◽  
Tomato Seedlings

Soil salinity is an enormous problem affecting global agricultural productivity. Deep-sea actinobacteria are interesting due to their salt tolerance mechanisms. In the present study, we aim to determine the ability of deep-sea Dermacoccus (D. barathri MT2.1T and D. profundi MT2.2T) to promote tomato seedlings under 150 mM NaCl compared with the terrestrial strain D. nishinomiyaensis DSM20448T. All strains exhibit in vitro plant growth-promoting traits of indole-3-acetic acid production, phosphate solubilization, and siderophore production. Tomato seedlings inoculated with D. barathri MT2.1T showed higher growth parameters (shoot and root length, dry weight, and chlorophyll content) than non-inoculated tomato and the terrestrial strain under 150 mM NaCl. In addition, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in leaves of tomatoes inoculated with deep-sea Dermacoccus was lower than the control seedlings. This observation suggested that deep-sea Dermacoccus mitigated salt stress by reducing oxidative stress caused by hydrogen peroxide. D. barathri MT2.1T showed no harmful effects on Caenorhabditis elegans, Daphnia magna, Eisenia foetida, and Escherichia coli MC4100 in biosafety tests. This evidence suggests that D. barathri MT2.1T would be safe for use in the environment. Our results highlight the potential of deep-sea Dermacoccus as a plant growth promoter for tomatoes under salinity stress.

scholarly journals Halotolerant Rhizobacteria for Salinity-Stress Mitigation: Diversity, Mechanisms and Molecular Approaches

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 490
Author(s):  
Alka Sagar ◽  
Shalini Rai ◽  
Noshin Ilyas ◽  
R. Z. Sayyed ◽  
Ahmad I. Al-Turki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Molecular Approaches ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting

Agriculture is the best foundation for human livelihoods, and, in this respect, crop production has been forced to adopt sustainable farming practices. However, soil salinity severely affects crop growth, the degradation of soil quality, and fertility in many countries of the world. This results in the loss of profitability, the growth of agricultural yields, and the step-by-step decline of the soil nutrient content. Thus, researchers have focused on searching for halotolerant and plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) to increase soil fertility and productivity. The beneficial bacteria are frequently connected with the plant rhizosphere and can alleviate plant growth under salinity stress through direct or indirect mechanisms. In this context, PGPB have attained a unique position. The responses include an increased rate of photosynthesis, high production of antioxidants, osmolyte accumulation, decreased Na+ ions, maintenance of the water balance, a high germination rate, and well-developed root and shoot elongation under salt-stress conditions. Therefore, the use of PGPB as bioformulations under salinity stress has been an emerging research avenue for the last few years, and applications of biopesticides and biofertilizers are being considered as alternative tools for sustainable agriculture, as they are ecofriendly and minimize all kinds of stresses. Halotolerant PGPB possess greater potential for use in salinity-affected soil as sustainable bioinoculants and for the bioremediation of salt-affected soil.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document