The Effect of EA on the Gastric Mucosal Histology and ITF mRNA Expression in Stress-Induced Rats

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (06) ◽  
pp. 1005-1014
Author(s):  
Xi-Ping Li ◽  
Jie Yan ◽  
Shou-Xiang Yi ◽  
Xiao-Rong Chang ◽  
Ya-Ping Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Histological Change ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Mechanism ◽  
Gastric Mucosal Lesion ◽  
Intestinal Trefoil Factor ◽  
Blank Control Group ◽  
Model Control ◽  
Stomach Meridian

This study focuses on the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on the gastric mucosal histology and ITF (intestinal trefoil factor) mRNA in stress-related rat, and the relationship between the gastric protective mechanism of EA at acupoints of Stomach Meridian of Foot-Yangming (SMFY) group and Gallbladder Meridian of Foot-Shaoyang (GMFS) group. Forty rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: blank control group (BCG), model control group (MCG), SMFY group (EA at acupoints of SMFY for 7 days before model inducing), and GMFS group (EA at acupoints of GMFS for 7 days before model inducing). All rats (except normal group) were made model by water immersion and restriction (WRS) on day 7, then the gastric mucosal lesion index (GUI) was accessed, ITF mRNA expression of the tissue was detected by reverse- transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method, and the histological change under light microscope was observed. As a result, the GUI value in SMFY/GMFS groups decreased significantly ( p < 0.05 or 0.01). The level of ITF mRNA expression in SMFY group was significantly higher than that in MCG ( p < 0.01), while that in GMFS group was higher than MCG but there was no statistical difference ( p < 0.05). This result may be due to the intrinsic mechanism of EA's gastric mucosal protection by the upregulation of ITF mRNA expression in gastric mucosal tissue, and the expression variance indicated the classical traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theory "Relative Particularity between SMFY and Stomach.".

scholarly journals Tocotrienol Attenuates Stress-Induced Gastric Lesions via Activation of Prostaglandin and Upregulation of COX-1 mRNA

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Fahami Nur Azlina ◽  
Yusof Kamisah ◽  
Kien Hui Chua ◽  
Hj Mohd Saad Qodriyah
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Gastric Acidity ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Gastric Injury ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Rat Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Cox 1

The present study aims to distinguish the effect of tocotrienol on an important gastric protective factor, prostaglandin E2(PGE2), in stress-induced gastric injury. Twenty-eight Wistar rats were divided into four groups of seven rats each. Two control groups were fed commercial rat diet, and two treatment groups were fed the same diet but with additional dose of omeprazole (20 mg/kg) or tocotrienol (60 mg/kg). After 28 days, rats from one control group and both treated groups were subjected to water-immersion restraint stress for 3.5 hours once. The rats were then sacrificed, their stomach isolated and gastric juice collected, lesions examined, and gastric PGE2content and cyclooxygenase (COX) mRNA expression were determined. Both the regimes significantly attenuated the total lesion area in the stomach compared to the control. Gastric acidity, which was increased in stress, was significantly reduced in rats supplemented with omeprazole and tocotrienol. The PGE2content was also significantly higher in the rats given tocotrienol supplementation compared to the control followed by an increase in COX-1 mRNA expression. We conclude that tocotrienol supplementation protected rat gastric mucosa against stress-induced lesions possibly by reducing gastric acidity and preserving gastric PGE2by increasing COX-1 mRNA.

Electro-acupuncture on Lower He-sea Points: How Does it Affect Serum HMGB1 and Tissue α7 nAChR in Ulcerative Colitis Rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-54
Author(s):  
Hong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Colon Tissue ◽  
Blank Control Group ◽  
Benzene Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Α7 Nachr ◽  
Relative Specificity

Abstract Objective: To observe the expression levels of serum high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) , nicotinic acetylcholine receptor α7 (α7 nAChR) and nuclear factor kappa-B mRNA(NF-κB mRNA) in colon tissue after electroacupuncture (EA) on Shangjuxu, Zusanli, Xiajuxu,Yanglingquan and Chengjin points, by comparison of the different effects we could thus explore the relative specificity of Shangjuxu on treating its corresponding viscera’ s disease. Methods: Seventy SD rats were randomly assigned to seven groups labeled by blank control (A), Model (B), Shang Ju Xu (C), Zu San Li (D), Xia Ju Xu (E), Yang Ling Quan (F), Cheng Jin (G), ten (half males and half females) in each group. Except for the blank control group, animals in other groups were modeled to ulcerative colitis (UC) by lavation of 2-4-6 trinitro-benzene-sulfonic acid (TNBS)/ethanol solution. After successful modeling animals in the five treatment groups were respectively treated with electroaccupuncture at corresponding acupoint for 10 consecutive days. Then histological changes in the colon were observed by light microscopy. ELISA method was used to check models’serum HMGB1 content, and α7 nAChR in the colon were detected by western blot , RT-PCR was used to detecte NF-κB mRNA. Results: ① Compared with the model group, the tissue injury changes in 5 treatment groups improved to a certain extent, and the colon tissue NF-κB mRNA expression of them decreasd signifcantly（P<0.01),as well, the α7 nAChR expression of Shang Ju Xu group, Zu San Li group and Xia Ju Xu group increased signifcantly (P<0.01 or P<0.05), and their serum HMGB1 content made obvious decrease(P<0.01 or P<0.05), the α7 nAChR expression in Yang Ling Quan group was also increased significantly（P<0.01). ② Compared with Shang Ju Xu group, the tissue injury changes of groups including Xia Ju Xu,Yang Ling Quan and Cheng Jin are much severe under light microscope, and the α7 nAChR expression of them decreased with significance（P<0.01),both serum HMGB1 content and colon tissue NF-κB mRNA expression increased significantly as well（P<0.01),the serum HMGB1 content of Zu San Li group also increased significantly（P<0.01). Conclusion: ① Electroacupuncture on all five different acupoints can improve the UC through regulating HMGB1, α7 nAChR and NF-κB mRNA, and effectively inhibiting the immune response, reducing inflammatory response of colon and improving pathological changes of colonic mucosa. ②The effect of treating UC inflammation in rats when electroacupuncture at Shang Ju Xu was better than Zu San Li, Xiajuxu, Yang Ling Quan and Cheng Jin, which demonstrated that Shangjuxu treating UC has some relative specificity.

Antioxidant Research of Persimmon Extraction in Ionizing Radiatio Mice

2011 ◽  
Vol 343-344 ◽  
pp. 1198-1206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Ning Chen ◽  
Wan Shan Hu ◽  
Yuan Hong Xie ◽  
Yu Hua Li ◽  
Lin Bo Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Model ◽  
Dosage Group ◽  
Blank Control Group ◽  
Model Control ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Set Up

Persimmon has good health function. To further investigate the antioxidant function in vivo, we set up a model mice with ionizing radiation. IRC mice were divided randomly into six groups, Blank control group, Model control group, VE control group, Low dosage group (G1), Middle dosage group (G2) and High dosage group (G3) respectively. Orally given persimmon extract for 35 days, mice were treated with γ-rays. Our results indicated that pervious administration of the persimmon extraction obviously increased the liver index of the mice. And pathological inspection by microscope suggested that orally given persimmon extraction obviously protected the liver cells of the mice. Further analysis demonstrated that persimmon extraction decreased the MDA content, and increased the SOD and GSH-PX activity in both the serum and the liver in the mice after the Ionizing radiation. Our results suggested the protection role of persimmon extraction by inhibiting the oxidation reaction in vivo.

Effects of Curcumin Chitosan Microspheres on the Expression of NF-κB, IL-1β, IL-4 and IL-6 in Rats with Ulcerative Colitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 810-815
Author(s):  
Shujiao Yu ◽  
Yuanhua Huang ◽  
Guodong Huang ◽  
Jun Xiong ◽  
Yan Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Colonic Mucosa ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Blank Control Group ◽  
Chitosan Microspheres ◽  
Model Control

The aim of this study was to observe the therapeutic effect of curcumin chitosan microspheres (CCM) on ulcerative colitis (UC) in rats. Rat UC model was prepared by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) method. All animals were divided into blank control group (BCG), model control group (MCG), mesalazine enteric-coated tablets group (MECT), curcumin chitosan microsphere low (CCML), medium (CCMM) and high dose groups (CCMH). Starting from the third day after model establishment, the rats were intra-gastrically administered for 10 days. On the 14th day of the experiment, the rats were sacrificed. The colon tissues and serum samples were collected and the expression of NF-κB P65 protein was detected by immune histochemical streptavidin-perosidase (SP) method. The levels of IL-1β, IL-4 and IL-6 in serum were determined by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The colonic mucosal injury score of MCG was increased; The serum IL-1β and IL-6 levels were increased, while the IL-4 content was decreased; The expression of NF-κB in the colonic mucosa was reduced after TNBS challenge. The histological injury scores of colonic mucosa, the serum levels of IL-1β and IL-6 in CCM-treated rats were significantly decreased (P < 0.01) as compared with MECT group. While, the content of IL-4 was significantly higher than that of MCG and MECT groups (P < 0.01). Curcumin chitosan microspheres provide a potential therapeutic strategy for treating UC in clinic.

Effect of Polysaccharide from Tricholoma Matsutake on TNF-α and IL-2

2014 ◽  
Vol 644-650 ◽  
pp. 5435-5438
Author(s):  
Tan Li ◽  
Ming Zhu ◽  
Ming Yue Zhai ◽  
Ye Shen ◽  
Gang Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Tricholoma Matsutake ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Mrna Transcription ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Model Control ◽  
Model Control Group ◽  
Factor Alpha

The effects of the polysaccharide extracted from Tricholoma matsutake on the immune response of Sarcoma180 bearing mice were evaluated. Mice were treated with two doses of polysaccharideL-2(1,10mg/kgbodyweight) for 10 days. The concentration of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interferon-2(IL-2) in mice serum and TNF-α mRNA expression were determined. The concentration of TNF-α in serum increased significantly in two doses groups compared to the model control group, but IL-2 not. The level of TNF-α mRNA transcription increased significantly in two doses groups to the model control group. Results of these studies demonstrated the polysaccharide significantly promoted TNF-α production, immunity potentiating and anti-tumor effects of the polysaccharide were associated with its potentiation of TNF-α mRNA expression at the transcriptional level.

scholarly journals Guanxinkang Decoction Exerts Its Antiatherosclerotic Effect Partly through Inhibiting the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Wang ◽  
Zhi-Min Zheng ◽  
Bu-Lang Gao
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Dose Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blank Control Group ◽  
Apoptosis Rate ◽  
Model Control ◽  
Model Control Group ◽  
Antiatherosclerotic Effect

Purpose. To investigate the antiatherosclerotic effect of Guanxinkang (GXK) decoction on the apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) pretreated with homocysteinemia (HCY).Materials and Methods. HUVEC were randomly divided into 5 groups: (1) blank control group (control), (2) model control group (model), (3) GXK low dose group, (4) GXK medium dose group, and (5) GXK high dose group. For the three GXK groups, HCY was given to reach the concentration of 3.0 mmol/L after HUVEC had been incubated with rabbit serum containing GXK for two hours. At 3, 6, 12, and 24 h after HCY had been incubated with the cells, the HUVEC were collected for test of the apoptosis rate, MMP, and GRP78 protein (reflecting ERS).Results. In the model control group, the apoptosis rate and GRP 78 protein expression of HUVEC significantly increased (P<0.05), while MMP significantly decreased (P<0.05) compared with the blank control group. After GXK treatment of medium and high doses, the apoptosis rate and the GRP 78 protein expression significantly (P<0.05) decreased, while MMP significantly increased (P<0.05) in a time-dependent manner compared with the model control group.Conclusion. GXK can antagonize the injury of HUVEC caused by HCY and the antagonism effect increases with the concentration and treatment duration of GXK, with the possible mechanism of GXK antagonism being through inhibiting ERS caused by HCY.

scholarly journals Electroacupuncture Regulates Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction by Decreasing Corticotropin-Releasing Factor in a Rat Model of IBS

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Ying Chen ◽  
Yan Zhao ◽  
Dan-ni Luo ◽  
Hui Zheng ◽  
Ying Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Pain Threshold ◽  
Visceral Pain ◽  
Sucrose Preference ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Double Staining ◽  
Blank Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups

Objective. Acupuncture is effective for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS); however, the mechanisms of action are not fully understood. We aim to explore the mechanism of electroacupuncture (EA) in the dual regulation of disorders of gut-brain interaction. Methods. A rat model of IBS was generated by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). Eight of 32 rats were assigned to the blank control group. The remaining 24 rats received CUMS for 14 days. Then, the rats surviving and successfully modelled were randomly divided into the CUMS group, the CUMS+EA group, and the CUMS+PB (pinaverium bromide) group. In the next 14 days of treatment, rats in the CUMS+EA group were acupunctured at ST25 (Tianshu), ST36 (Zusanli), SP6 (Sanyinjiao), and LR3 (Taichong) for 15 min every day. Rats in the CUMS+PB group were treated by the administration of gavage with 2.7 mg/mL pinaverium every day. Visceral pain threshold, the percentage of time spent in open arms (OT%) in the elevated plus maze test (EPMT), and the sucrose preference (SP%) in the sucrose preference test (SPT) were measured at baseline, day 15, and day 30. The expression of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), the morphology of the connective structure of intestinal epithelium, the CRF and CRF-R1 mRNA expression in the hypothalamus, and the double staining of intestinal mucosal mast cells (IMMC) and CRF-R1 were measured at the end of the experiment. Results. Compared with the blank control group, visceral pain threshold pressure, the expression of ZO-1, OT%, SP%, CRF, and CRF-R1 mRNA expression in the hypothalamus, and double staining of IMMC and CRF-R1 were decreased significantly in the CUMS group. Meanwhile, the morphology of the connective structure in the CUMS group was indistinct. Compared with the CUMS group, SP% was significantly increased in the CUMS+EA group, but there was no significant difference for it in the CUMS+PB group. The morphology of the connective structure in the two treatment groups was clear and seeable. And the expression of other parameters mentioned above was apparently increased in the two treatment groups. Compared with the CUMS+PB group, the expression of ZO-1 in the CUMS+EA group was significantly enhanced. And no obvious difference for other parameters was found between the two treatment groups. Conclusions. EA treatment can decrease the expression of hypothalamic CRF and CRF-R1, relieve anxiety and depression, meanwhile reduce the expression of CRF-R1 in the gastrointestinal mucosa, increase ZO-1 expression, and adjust tight junctions (TJs) to repair the intestinal mucosal barrier. The above roles suggest that EA may play a dual role in alleviating the gastrointestinal and psychological symptoms of IBS, suggesting a potentially dual therapeutic role for EA in regulating disorders of gut-brain interaction in IBS rats.

Expression of SCO1 and SCO2 after form-deprivation myopia in Guinea pigs

2021 ◽  
pp. 112067212110703
Author(s):  
Guimei Zhou ◽  
Changjun Lan ◽  
Qin Yang ◽  
Weiqi Zhong ◽  
Zhiming Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome C ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Cytochrome C Oxidase ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Visual Development ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blank Control Group ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Mrna Expression Levels

Purpose The retina is a highly energy-consuming tissue associated with visual development, and the reduced quality of retinal imaging can be related to myopia. Synthesis of cytochrome c oxidase 1 ( SCO1) and synthesis of cytochrome c oxidase 2 ( SCO2) are involved in ATP (adenosine triphosphate) synthesis and energy metabolism. This study aimed to observe the morphologic changes and investigate the expression of SCO1 and SCO2 induced by form-deprivation myopia (FDM) in the retina and sclera of guinea pigs. Methods Thirty-six 3-week-old male guinea pigs were randomly assigned to one of two groups: (1) the model group (n  =  18), in which the right eyes were covered by a thin opaque balloon as FDM group, and the left eyes were uncovered and served as the contralateral control group; (2) the blank control group (n  =  18), in which bilateral eye received no manipulation. Eyeballs were enucleated for histological analysis. The retina and sclera of the guinea pigs were separated to determine the protein and mRNA expression levels of SCO1 and SCO2, respectively. Results After four weeks of form deprivation (FD), the refractive degree and axial length increased significantly ( P < 0.001). The retinal and scleral tissues were moderately thinner, and the ganglion cells and the cells of inner and outer nuclear layers in the retina became fewer. Compared with the contralateral control group ( P < 0.001) and the blank control group ( P < 0.001), the collagen content of the sclera became less in the FDM group. The protein and mRNA expression levels of SCO1 and SCO2 in the FDM group were significantly lower than those in the contralateral control group and the blank control group ( P < 0.05). Conclusions The morphologies of the retina and sclera were changed, and the expression of SCO1 and SCO2 at the protein and transcription levels was significantly reduced in the FDM group. Given these changes, SCO1 and SCO2 genes may be involved in myopic progression.

Effect of Chinese Herbal Monomer Hairy Calycosin on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Rats and its Mechanism

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 194-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Liu ◽  
Zhi-Hong Xie ◽  
Chen-Yuan Liu ◽  
Ying Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Liver Homogenate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Chinese Herbal ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Model Control

Background: Chinese herbal monomer hairy Calycosin is a flavonoid extracted from Radix astragali. Aims and Scope: The aim of the research was to investigate the effect and mechanism of Hairy Calycosin on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Dieases (NAFLD) in rats. Materials and Methods: 60 rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, then NAFLD rat models were prepared and treated with different doses of Hairy Calycosin (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 mg/kg) or Kathyle relatively. Results: Both 1.0 mg/kg and 2.0 mg/kg Hairy Calycosin treatment could significantly increase the serum Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) content of the model rats and reduce the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Free Fatty Acid (FFA), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and liver homogenate malondialdehyde (MDA), while 2.0 mg/kg Hairy Calycosin can down-regulate liver tissue cytochrome p450 2E1 (CYP2E1). In the electron microscope, compared with the model control group, the mitochondrial swelling in the hepatocytes of Hairy Calycosin (1.0, 2.0 mg/kg) treatment group was significantly reduced, the ridge on the inner membrane of mitochondria increased, and the lipid droplets became much smaller. Conclusion: Hairy Calycosin can effectively control the lipid peroxidation in liver tissues of rats with NAFLD, and reduce the levels of serum TNF-α, IL-6, MDA and FFA, effectively improve the steatosis and inflammation of liver tissue, and down-regulate the expression of CYP2E1, inhibit apoptosis of hepatocytes.

Recombinant adeno-associated virus 9-mediated expression of Kallistatin suppresses lung tumor growth in mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weihong Qu ◽  
Jianguo Zhao ◽  
Yaqing Wu ◽  
Ruian Xu ◽  
Shaowu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Gene Therapy ◽  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Lung Tumor ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Blank Control Group ◽  
Adeno Associated Virus ◽  
Tumor Tissues ◽  
Subcutaneous Xenograft

Background:: Lung cancer remains the most common cause of cancer-related deaths in China and worldwide. Traditional surgery and chemotherapy do not offer an effective cure although gene therapy may be a promising future alter-native. Kallistatin (Kal) is an endogenous inhibitor of angiogenesis and tumorigenesis. Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) is considered the most promising vector for gene therapy of many diseases due to persistent and long-term transgen-ic expression. Objective:: The aim of this study was to investigate whether rAAV9-Kal inhibited NCI-H446 subcutaneous xenograft tumor growth in mice. Method:: The subcutaneous xenograft mode were induced by subcutaneous injection of 2×106 H446 cells into the dorsal skin of BALB/c nude mice. The mice were administered with ssrAAV9-Kal (single-stranded rAAV9) or dsrAAV9-Kal (double-stranded rAAV9）by intraperitoneal injection (I.P.). Tumor microvessel density (MVD) was examined by anti-CD34 stain-ing to evaluate tumor angiogenesis. Results:: Compared with the PBS (blank control) group, tumor growth in the high-dose ssrAAV9-Kal group was inhibited by 40% by day 49, and the MVD of tumor tissues was significantly decreased. Conclusion:: The results indicate that this therapeutic strategy is a promising approach for clinical cancer therapy and impli-cate rAAV9-Kal as a candidate for gene therapy of lung cancer.

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