The Protective Effect of Cassia obtusifolia on DSS-Induced Colitis

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (03) ◽  
pp. 565-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su-Jin Kim ◽  
Koh-Woon Kim ◽  
Dae-Seung Kim ◽  
Min-Cheol Kim ◽  
Yong-Deok Jeon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Nuclear Factor Κb ◽  
Cassia Obtusifolia ◽  
Activation Of Transcription ◽  
Chronic Intestinal Inflammation

Cassia obtusifolia (CO) has been traditionally used in Korea to treat eye inflammation, photophobia, and lacrimation. However, the regulatory effect and molecular mechanism of CO in intestinal inflammation has not been understood. In this study, we investigate the protective effect of CO in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. CO reduced clinical signs of DSS-induced colitis, including body weight loss, shortened colon length, and increased disease activity index. The results show that CO significantly suppressed the levels of interleukin (IL)-6 and expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in DSS-treated colon tissues. Additionally, we observed that CO reduced the activation of transcription nuclear factor-κB p65 in DSS-treated colon tissues. Taken together, these findings suggest that CO has improving effects on DSS-induced ulcerative colitis, which may explain its beneficial effect in the regulation of chronic intestinal inflammation.

scholarly journals Ixeris dentataNAKAI Reduces Clinical Score and HIF-1 Expression in Experimental Colitis in Mice

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dae-Seung Kim ◽  
Jang-Ho Ko ◽  
Yong-Deok Jeon ◽  
Yo-Han Han ◽  
Hyun-Ju Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Experimental Colitis ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Clinical Score ◽  
Colon Tissue

Ixeris dentata(ID) is an herbal medicine used in Asian countries to treat indigestion, pneumonia, hepatitis, contusions, and tumors; however, its effect on intestinal inflammation is unknown. Thus, we investigated the effect of ID in the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) model of colitis in female BALB/c mice; animals were evaluated after seven days of DSS treatment. DSS-treated mice showed considerable clinical signs, including weight loss, reduced colon length, colonic epithelial injury, infiltration of inflammatory cells in the colon tissue, and upregulation of inflammatory mediators. However, administration of ID attenuated body weight loss, colon shortening, and the increase in disease activity index score. ID also significantly decreased the colonic mucosal injury and the number of infiltrating mast cells. Moreover, ID inhibited the expressions of cyclooxygenase-2 and hypoxia-inducible factor-1αin colon tissue. Taken together, the results provide experimental evidence that ID might be a useful therapy for patients with ulcerative colitis.

Oldenlandia diffusa Ameliorates Dextran Sulphate Sodium-Induced Colitis Through Inhibition of NF-κB Activation

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (05) ◽  
pp. 957-969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su-Jin Kim ◽  
Yang-Gui Kim ◽  
Dae-Seung Kim ◽  
Yong-Deok Jeon ◽  
Min-Cheol Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Dextran Sulfate Sodium ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorder ◽  
Nuclear Factor Κb ◽  
Activation Of Transcription ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Oldenlandia Diffusa

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease, which is a chronic gastrointestinal disorder. Oldenlandia diffusa (OD) has been used as a traditional oriental medicine for inflammation. However, the regulatory effect and molecular mechanism of OD in intestinal inflammation are not yet understood. This study investigated the protective effect of OD in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. Mice treated with DSS showed remarkable clinical signs, including weight loss, and reduced colon length. Administration of OD attenuated these signs and significantly suppressed levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β and expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in DSS-treated colon tissues. OD also reduced the activation of transcription nuclear factor-κB p65 in DSS-treated colon tissues. Hentriacontane, a constituent of OD, attenuated weight loss, colon shortening, and levels of IL-6 caused by DSS. Taken together, the results provide experimental evidence that OD might be a useful therapeutic medicine for patients with UC.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Anti-Inflammatory Effect on DSS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis Between Novel Glycyrrhiza Variety and Official Compendia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1545
Author(s):  
Sa-Haeng Kang ◽  
Young-Jae Song ◽  
Yong-Deok Jeon ◽  
Dong-Keun Kim ◽  
Jeong-Hyang Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Specific Pattern ◽  
Plant Cultivation ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Glycyrrhizae radix (GR), a plant commonly referred to as licorice, is used as a medicine and food worldwide. However, the utilization of GR from wild areas has caused desertification and a depletion of natural resources. Environmental restrictions and low productivity have limited plant cultivation. For this reason, an improved Glycyrrhiza variety, Wongam (WG), in cultivation and quality has been developed by Korea Rural Development Administration. To evaluate the equivalence of efficacy, several comparative studies between already-registered species and new cultivars have been conducted. This study evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of WG extracts in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model, in comparison to that of GR extracts. WG extract significantly improved the clinical signs of DSS-induced ulcerative colitis, including disease activity index, body weight loss, and colon length shortening, which was equivalent to the effect of GR. Furthermore, the fecal microbiota was analyzed by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism. The composition of the fecal microbiota did not show a specific pattern based on experimental groups; however, a tendency toward an increase in the proportion of Lactobacillales was observed. These findings showed an equivalence of efficacy and the possible utilization of WG as a medicinal resource with already-registered species.

scholarly journals Protective Effect of Probiotics Isolated from Traditional Fermented Tea Leaves (Miang) from Northern Thailand and Role of Synbiotics in Ameliorating Experimental Ulcerative Colitis in Mice

Nutrients ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 227
Author(s):  
Napapan Kangwan ◽  
Sarawut Kongkarnka ◽  
Nitsara Boonkerd ◽  
Kridsada Unban ◽  
Kalidas Shetty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Tea Leaves ◽  
Barrier Integrity ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Integrity

This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of probiotics and synbiotics from traditional Thai fermented tea leaves (Miang) on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice, in comparison to sulfasalazine. C57BL/6 mice were treated with probiotics L. pentosus A14-6, CMY46 and synbiotics, L. pentosus A14-6 combined with XOS, and L. pentosus CMY46 combined with GOS for 21 days. Colitis was induced with 2% DSS administration for seven days during the last seven days of the experimental period. The positive group was treated with sulfasalazine. At the end of the experiment, clinical symptoms, pathohistological changes, intestinal barrier integrity, and inflammatory markers were analyzed. The probiotics and synbiotics from Miang ameliorated DSS-induced colitis by protecting body weight loss, decreasing disease activity index, restoring the colon length, and reducing pathohistological damages. Furthermore, treatment with probiotics and synbiotics improved intestinal barrier integrity, accompanied by lowing colonic and systemic inflammation. In addition, synbiotics CMY46 combined with GOS remarkedly elevated the expression of IL-10. These results suggested that synbiotics isolated from Miang had more effectiveness than sulfasalazine. Thereby, they could represent a novel potential natural agent against colonic inflammation.

Blockage of angiotensin II type 1 receptor regulates TNF-α-induced MAdCAM-1 expression via inhibition of NF-κB translocation to the nucleus and ameliorates colitis

2010 ◽  
Vol 298 (2) ◽  
pp. G255-G266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Mizushima ◽  
Makoto Sasaki ◽  
Tomoaki Ando ◽  
Tsuneya Wada ◽  
Mamoru Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Novel Target ◽  
Colitis Model

Mucosal vascular addressin cell adhesion molecule 1 (MAdCAM-1) is an important target in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Recently, treatment of IBD with an antibody to α4β7-integrin, a ligand for MAdCAM-1, has been an intense focus of research. Our aim was to clarify the mechanism by which MAdCAM-1 is regulated via angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R), and to verify if AT1R might be a novel target for IBD treatment. The role of AT1R in the expression of MAdCAM-1 in SVEC (a murine high endothelial venule cell) and MJC-1 (a mouse colonic endothelial cell) was examined following cytokine stimulation. We further evaluated the effect of AT1R on the pathogenesis of immune-mediated colitis using AT1R-deficient (AT1R−/−) mice and a selective AT1R blocker. AT1R blocker significantly suppressed MAdCAM-1 expression induced by TNF-α, but did not inhibit phosphorylation of p38 MAPK or of IκB that modulate MAdCAM-1 expression. However, NF-κB translocation into the nucleus was inhibited by these treatments. In a murine colitis model induced by dextran sulfate sodium, the degree of colitis, judged by body weight loss, histological damage, and the disease activity index, was much milder in AT1R−/− than in wild-type mice. The expression of MAdCAM-1 was also significantly lower in AT1R−/− than in wild-type mice. These results suggest that AT1R regulates the expression of MAdCAM-1 under colonic inflammatory conditions through regulation of the translocation of NF-κB into the nucleus. Furthermore, inhibition of AT1R ameliorates colitis in a mouse colitis model. Therefore, AT1R might be one of new therapeutic target of IBD via regulation of MAdCAM-1.

Herbal Medicine and Acupuncture Combined Treatment Attenuates Colitis in Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Yu-Mi Lee ◽  
Seung-Ho Seo ◽  
Seong-Young Cho ◽  
Dong-Hee Choi ◽  
Min-Woo Cheon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Acupuncture Treatment ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Microbial Control ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Simultaneous Treatment ◽  
Treatment Groups

This study aimed to verify the efficacy of a combined treatment of Jakyakgamcho-tang (JGT) and acupuncture (CV12, ST25, CV4) on colitis induced by dextrane sulfate sodium (DSS). Changes in immuno-mediated factors and metabolites were investigated. Colitis symptoms such as body weight loss and elevated disease activity index were alleviated by the combined treatment. Moreover, treatment with JGT and acupuncture restored the disturbed architecture of colon by suppressing inflammatory cytokine levels of IFN-[Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text]), IL-5 ([Formula: see text]), and IL-13 ([Formula: see text]) compared with the DSS group. Analysis of metabolic profiles of serum revealed that treatment groups were clearly separated from the DSS group, suggesting that JGT and acupuncture treatment altered serum metabolites. Furthermore, treatments caused opposite metabolite patterns for dimethylbenzimidazole, 1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol, proline, phosphate, glycolic acid, aspartic acid, tryptophan, phthalic acid, ornithine, and glutamic acid compared with the DSS group. The combined treatment group induced more effective metabolite patterns than the JGT group, implying that acupuncture treatment can restore metabolic changes caused by DSS induction. These results indicate that the simultaneous treatment of JGT administration and acupuncture procedure provides better management of the immune function and inflammatory expression of colitis than a single treatment. It is assumed that intestinal microbial control can be achieved by acupuncture stimulation as well as by taking herbal medicine.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Potentially Probiotic Bacterial Strains from Mice: Proof of Concept for Personalized Probiotics

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Celiberto ◽  
Roseli Pinto ◽  
Elizeu Rossi ◽  
Bruce Vallance ◽  
Daniela Cavallini
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Dss Colitis ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Commercial Probiotics ◽  
Lower Disease Activity

Modulation of the gut microbiota through the use of probiotics has been widely used to treat or prevent several intestinal diseases. However, inconsistent results have compromised the efficacy of this approach, especially in severe conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The purpose of our study was to develop a personalized probiotic strategy and assess its efficacy in a murine model of intestinal inflammation. Commensal bacterial strains were isolated from the feces of healthy mice and then administered back to the host as a personalized treatment in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis. Colonic tissues were collected for histological analysis and to investigate inflammatory markers such as Il-1β, Il-6, TGF-β, and Il-10, and the enzyme myeloperoxidase as a neutrophil marker. The group that received the personalized probiotic showed reduced susceptibility to DSS-colitis as compared to a commercial probiotic. This protection was characterized by a lower disease activity index and reduced histopathological damage in the colon. Moreover, the personalized probiotic was more effective in modulating the host immune response, leading to decreased Il-1β and Il-6 and increased TGF-β and Il-10 expression. In conclusion, our study suggests that personalized probiotics may possess an advantage over commercial probiotics in treating dysbiotic-related conditions, possibly because they are derived directly from the host’s own microbiota.

scholarly journals Intestinal Anti-Inflammatory Activity of the Aqueous Extract from Ipomoea asarifolia in DNBS-Induced Colitis in Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 4016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valéria da Silva ◽  
Aurigena de Araújo ◽  
Daline Araújo ◽  
Maíra Lima ◽  
Roseane Vasconcelos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Myeloperoxidase Activity ◽  
Down Regulation ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Ipomoea Asarifolia

Inflammatory bowel disease is triggered by an uncontrolled immune response associated with genetic, environmental, and intestinal microbiota imbalance. Ipomoea asarifolia (IA), popularly known as “salsa” or “brave salsa”, belongs to the Convolvulaceae family. The aim of this approach was to study the preventive effect of IA aqueous extract in 2,4-dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS)-induced colitis in rats. Rats pretreated with IA extract or sulfasalazine (SSZ) received intracolonic instillation of DNBS in 50% ethanol (v/v). IA extract presented a protective effect against intestinal inflammation, with improvement in the disease activity index and macroscopic damage. IA or SSZ significantly reduced myeloperoxidase activity, and also down-regulation of the gene expression of JNK1, NF-κβ-p65, STAT3, and decreased levels of TNFα, IL-1β, and increased IL-10, associated with a significant improvement of oxidative stress, in addition to a reduction in MDA and an increase of glutathione in colonic tissue. The protective effect of the extract was also confirmed in histological evaluation, showing preservation of the colonic cytoarchitecture. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed down-regulation of NF-κβ-p65, iNOS, IL-17, and up-regulation of SOCs-1 and MUC-2. IA extract presents antioxidant and anti-inflammatory intestinal properties, and proved to be a potential application for preventing damage induced by DNBS.

Genetic variation of rs7958311 in P2X7R gene is associated with the susceptibility and disease activity of ankylosing spondylitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 95 (1123) ◽  
pp. 251-257
Author(s):  
Zhipeng Pan ◽  
Xu Zhang ◽  
Yubo Ma ◽  
Shengqian Xu ◽  
Zongwen Shuai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Ankylosing Spondylitis ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Allelic Variation ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Genotype Frequencies ◽  
Male Patients

ObjectivesTo describe association between the genetic variation of inflammation-associated gene, P2X7R, and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) susceptibility.MethodsFour single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of P2X7R gene were genotyped in 673 patients with AS and 687 healthy controls. Allele and genotype frequencies and different genetic models were performed to calculate ORs and 95% CIs, the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients were recorded. The data analyses were also conducted by sex.ResultsCompared with controls, genetic variation in rs7958311 but not the other three SNPs was statistically significant in female patients (χ2=6.907, p=0.032). Specifically, the P2X7R gene rs7958311 polymorphism A allele showed a protective effect in AS susceptibility (OR=0.704, p=0.049, pFDR=0.061). In addition, female individuals with GA and/or AA genotypes had a lower risk of having AS compared with those with GG genotype (GA vs GG: OR=0.446, p=0.012, pFDR=0.030; AA vs GG: OR=0.440, p=0.039, pFDR=0.061; GA/AA vs GG: OR=0.445, p=0.009, pFDR=0.030). Furthermore, individuals with A allele (ie, GA/AA vs GG) had a higher disease activity, including Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (overall: Z=− 2.630, p=0.014; male: Z=− 2.243, p=0.025), Schober test (overall: Z=− 3.041, p<0.001; male: Z=− 2.243, p=0.025) and chest expansion (overall: Z=− 3.895, p=0.004; male: Z=− 2.403, p=0.016).ConclusionThe allelic variation of rs7958311 SNP in P2X7R gene may have a protective effect on AS susceptibility in females and is associated with disease activity in male patients.

scholarly journals P049 A new preclinical rationale for first-line therapy of ulcerative colitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S157-S157
Author(s):  
H Thorlacius ◽  
A Bjoerk ◽  
Ö Nordle ◽  
G Hedlund
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Aminosalicylic Acid ◽  
First Line ◽  
First Line Therapy ◽  
Line Therapy ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Condition

Abstract Background Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory condition with no known medical cure. 5-Aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA [mesalazine]) represents the cornerstone of first-line therapy for mild-to-moderate UC. Sulfasalazine (SASP) is the original agent in this class of drugs. Meta-analyses of patients with mild-to-moderately active UC comparing 5-ASA to placebo showed 5-ASA to be significantly superior to placebo. However, about two-thirds of patients treated with 5-ASA fail to enter clinical remission. It is therefore most important to identify strategies to accelerate and maximise the therapeutic effects of 5-ASA. Therapeutic intervention against NFκB activation is a useful strategy for treatment of UC. The 4-alkanoylaminobenzamide PM0503 inhibits the breakdown of the NFκB inhibitor IκBβ, and SASP/5-ASA inhibits the breakdown of IκBα. This elicited a hypothesis of a possible synergistic action and converging effect on NFκB signalling. In the present study, we investigated the effect of combining SASP/5-ASA with PM0503 in experimental colitis. Methods SASP and PM0503 alone or in combination were administered for 5 days to Balb/c mice with colitis triggered by 5% dextran sulphate sodium (DSS). Blood in the stool, stool consistency and body weight loss were evaluated daily on a 0–4 point scale. The disease activity index (DAI) was calculated by summarising the total score of these three parameters. Results Addition of 5% DSS in the drinking water for 5 days produced reproducible symptoms of colitis. PM0503 was shown to inhibit DSS induced colitis by reducing mean DAI at day 5 from 6.9 in controls to 1.7 (a 75% decrease). Mean DAI recorded with SASP treatment at optimal doses in the same series of experiments was 4.4 (a 36% decrease). Furthermore, and most important, lower doses of PM0503 acted synergistically with SASP in ameliorating DSS-induced disease severity. The combination of PM0503 and SASP using suboptimal doses having minimal beneficial effects as monotherapies, showed more than 50% disease inhibition at day 5. In addition, no toxicity was observed with PM0503 alone or in combination with SASP. Conclusion Our findings offer a preclinical rationale for simultaneous coadministration of PM0503 and a 5-ASA agent such as SASP or 5-ASA as first-line treatment for patients with UC.

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