Measure of the Impact of a STEM-Student-led Course on Privacy Enhancing Technologies for a non-Technical Target Population

Introduction: Experiencing a traumatic event is a risk factor for the development of mental illness, especially posttraumatic stress disorder. A child's appraisals of a traumatic event may play a prominent role in the development or maintenance of the disorder. Therefore, subjective responses should be evaluated to understand the impact of a traumatic event on a child's life. This study translated and adapted the Child Posttraumatic Cognitions Inventory (cPTCI) for use in linguistic and cultural contexts in Brazil. Methods: The process included translation, back-translation, language expert evaluation and expert committee's evaluation. Results: Content validity index scores were good for all dimensions after evaluation by two judges and one reformulation. The back-translation of the final version also showed that the cPTCI items in Brazilian Portuguese maintained the same meanings of the original in English. This version was tested in a sample of the target population, and all the items were above the cut-off point (minimum = 3.6; maximum = 4.0). Conclusions: This study was successful in producing a Brazilian version of the cPTCI. Further studies are underway to examine the reliability and the factorial and concurrent validity of cPTCI subscales.

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Is socio-economic status a determinant of HIV-related stigma attitudes in Zimbabwe? Findings from Project Accept

Journal of Public Health in Africa ◽

10.4081/jphia.2016.533 ◽

2016 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kudzanai Mateveke ◽

Basant Singh ◽

Alfred Chingono ◽

E. Sibanda ◽

Ian Machingura

Keyword(s):

Social Isolation ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Economic Status ◽

Target Population ◽

Low Ses ◽

Voluntary Counseling And Testing ◽

Socio Economic Status ◽

Stigma And Discrimination ◽

Related Stigma ◽

The Impact

HIV related stigma and discrimination is a known barrier for HIV prevention and care. We aimed to assess the relationship between socio-economic status (SES) and HIV related stigma in Zimbabwe. This paper uses data from Project Accept, which examined the impact of community-based voluntary counseling and testing intervention on HIV incidence and stigma. Total of 2522 eligible participants responded to a psychometric assessment tool, which assessed HIV related stigma and discrimination attitudes on 4 point Likert scale. The tool measured three components of HIVrelated stigma: shame, blame and social isolation, perceived discrimination, and equity. Participants’ ownership of basic assets was used to assess the socio-economic status. Shame, blame and social isolation component of HIV related stigma was found to be significantly associated with medium [odds ratio (OR)=1.73, P<0.01] and low SES (OR=1.97, P<0.01), indicating more stigmatizing attitudes by participants belonging to medium and low SES in comparison to high SES. For HIV related stigma and discrimination programs to be effective, they should take into account the socio-economic context of target population.

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Development of a Lifestyle Intervention Program to Support Preconception, Pregnant and Postnatal Women Who are Overweight or Obese: A Qualitative Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-853163/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Chee Wai Ku ◽

Shu Hui Leow ◽

Lay See Ong ◽

Christina Erwin ◽

Isabella Ong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lifestyle Intervention ◽

Goal Setting ◽

Intervention Program ◽

Maternal Obesity ◽

Healthy Lifestyle ◽

Target Population ◽

Lifestyle Changes ◽

Lifestyle Behaviors ◽

Obese Women ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background: Poor lifestyle behaviors, including unhealthy diet and physical inactivity, contribute to the global obesity pandemic and result in long-term adverse health effects on mothers and their children. The time period before, during and after pregnancy represents a unique opportunity for interventions to cultivate sustained healthy lifestyle behaviors. Since the success of a lifestyle intervention is heavily dependent on uptake and continued compliance, the intervention components should be acceptable, sustainable, and tailored to the concerns and needs of the target population. This study aims to identify enablers and barriers towards engagement with a lifestyle intervention for improving the metabolic health of prospective mothers and their offspring, among a sample of the target population.Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with 15 overweight or obese women in the preconception, pregnancy or postpartum periods. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and thematic analysis was undertaken using NVivo. Factors influencing adoption of a novel lifestyle intervention were systematically charted using the integrated–Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (i-PARIHS) framework, that comprises Recipient, Context, Innovation and Facilitation constructs.Results: Ten enablers and barriers were identified. Barrier factors within the Recipient construct include time constraints as participants juggled multiple roles, and poor baseline knowledge about healthy behaviors and the impact of maternal obesity on maternal and offspring health. Within Context, a family culture of communal meals, convenient access to unhealthy foods in the environment, as well as lack of relevant data sources, were barriers to dietary change. Recipient motivation to be healthy for themselves and their offspring is an enabler, along with family and social support within the Context construct. In the Innovation construct, a holistic delivery platform providing desired information delivered at appropriate times increases engagement. Lastly, in Facilitation, regular feedback, goal setting and nudges would ensure continued engagement and sustainability of lifestyle changes.Conclusions: The features of a successful lifestyle intervention targeting overweight and obese women include (i) a holistic life-course approach to provide education and guidance, (ii) using mobile health platforms to reduce barriers, provide personalized feedback and promote goal-setting, and (iii) health nudges to cultivate sustained lifestyle habits.

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New and Emerging Mobile Technologies for Healthcare (mHealth): A Horizon Scanning Study

Frontiers in Health Informatics ◽

10.30699/fhi.v8i1.196 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 17

Author(s):

Azar Kazemi ◽

Hosna Salmani ◽

Alireza Shakibafard ◽

Farhad Fatehi

Keyword(s):

Health Services ◽

Mobile Apps ◽

Preventive Health Services ◽

Target Population ◽

Mobile Technologies ◽

Full Potential ◽

Public And Private ◽

Innovative Technologies ◽

Horizon Scanning ◽

The Impact

Introduction: The popularity of mobile phone applications (Apps) and wearable devices for medical and health purposes is on the rise, but not all the mobile health (mHealth) innovative solutions that hit the news every day will sustain and have an impact on the health of people. The aim of this news-based horizon scanning study was to explore and identify new and emerging mobile technologies that are likely to impact the future of health and medical care.Methods: We conducted a systematic search on top ranking technology websites, according to Alexa Ranking, to identify health-related mobile-based technologies. We followed the EuroScan guide for horizon scanning, which recommends four steps: identification, filtering, prioritization, evaluation and conclusion. Technologies of interest were mHealth technologies regardless of their maturity level. The impact of technologies was assessed and scored in four areas: user, technology, safety, and cost.Results: Five hundred news articles were identified through the electronic search. After screening, 106 mHealth innovative technologies were included in this study. We categorized the included technologies into three groups: mobile apps (n=37), smart-connected devices (n=19), and wearables (n=50). mHealth technologies were most frequently developed for preventive health services, mental health services and rehabilitation services. There was no remarkable difference between the technology groups in terms of safety and adverse effects, but the groups were significantly different in terms of the target population, technology, and cost.Conclusion: An increasing number of solutions based on mobile technology is being developed by both public and private sectors but a low proportion of them undergo proper scientific evaluations. Despite the commercial availability of many innovative mobile apps, wearables, and smart connected devices, few of them have been actually used in clinics, hospitals, and health centers. There is a clear need for changes in healthcare service models to unlock the full potential of these innovative technologies.

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Assessment of Effect of Hydropower Plant Projects on Socio-Environmental Sustenance and Development in Rwanda: A Review Done At Rubagabaga Hydropower Ltd.

International Journal of Scientific Research and Management ◽

10.18535/ijsrm/v10i1.em7 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 10 (01) ◽

pp. 2888-2904

Author(s):

Dr. MUTESI Jean Claude

Keyword(s):

Community Structure ◽

Null Hypothesis ◽

Quantitative Research ◽

Target Population ◽

Positive Influence ◽

Hydropower Plant ◽

P Value ◽

Structure And Dynamics ◽

Hydropower Plants ◽

The Impact

The study investigated the socio-economic and environmental impact of hydropower projects in Rwanda with a case study of Rubagabaga hydropower Ltd operating from Nyabihu District. It examines the impact of a socio-economic and environmental hydropower plant in Rwanda, identifies the challenge hydropower plants face in Rwanda, and finally investigates the relationship between hydro powers and their socio-economic impact in Rwanda? In this research, the quantitative research design is based on statistical data of the research that was used with quantitative and qualitative methods. Questionnaires were used to collect data. The target population of this study was made up of 252 participants including 154 respondents all from ten different villages surrounding the Rubagabaga plant in Nyabihu District. Data were analyzed using descriptive and correlation analysis and tables that were interpreted to confirm or deny the relevance of the main and specific objectives. Based on results from table no.16 demonstrates that the beta= 0.397 with the t value of 2.333 and the p-value of 0. 021. Since the p-value is less than 0.05, the researcher rejected the null hypothesis and considered it an alternate. There is a strong positive relationship between environmental assessment of hydropower plant projects and socio-environmental sustenance and development. In a nutshell, the researcher has rejected the null hypothesis and considered its alternate. Community structure and dynamics have a positive influence on socio-environmental sustenance and development. Table no.16 shows that beta= 0.341 with the t value of 2.668 as the p-value was 0.009. Since the p-value is less than 0.05. Therefore, the researcher rejected the null hypothesis and considered it an alternate. According to table no.21, the changes in community structure and dynamics of the hydropower plant project cause the increase of 0.341 (34.1%) of the socio-environment sustenance and development. The ratio of beta modal results for the t value expressed t=2.66 hence the probability value is significant on socio-environment sustenance and development noting that sig. =0.009. Carefully, the researcher has rejected the null hypothesis and considered its alternate. With this in mind, community structure and dynamics has a positive influence on socio-environmental sustenance and development. Table no.16 has shown beta= 0.478 with the t value of 4.543 as the p-value was 0.000 which is less than 0.05. According to the findings, the changes in government policies, stability, and support of hydropower plant project causes the increase of 0.478 (47.80%) of the socio-environment sustenance and development. The ratio of beta modal results for the t value expressed t= 4.54 hence the probability value is significant on socio-environment sustenance and development noting that sig. =0.000.

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High Rate of Fatal Overdose After Release from Prison In BC, Canada: A Data Linkage Study

International Journal for Population Data Science ◽

10.23889/ijpds.v5i5.1606 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Stuart A Kinner ◽

Wenqi Gan ◽

Amanda Slaunwhite

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Target Population ◽

Linkage Study ◽

High Rate ◽

Physical And Mental Health ◽

Overdose Death ◽

Fatal Overdose ◽

Increased Risk ◽

The Impact ◽

Release From Prison

IntroductionThe province of BC, Canada is in the grips of a sustained overdose epidemic. People released from prison are at increased risk of fatal drug overdose, but the impact of the overdose epidemic on mortality after release from prison in BC is poorly understood. Few studies have been able to examine risk factors for overdose death in this population. Objectives and ApproachWe aimed to (a) measure risk of overdose-related and all-cause death in different time periods after release from prison; and (b) identify risk factors for overdose-related and all-cause death. In a random 20% sample of the population of BC, Canada, we identified those released from prison 2015-2017 and examined linked health and correctional records for this cohort. ResultsOf 6106 persons released from prison 2015-2017, 77 (1.3%) died from any cause and 48 (0.8%) died from overdose 2015-2017. The incidence of all-cause death was 16.1 (95%CI 13.7-18.8) per 1000 person years, and the incidence of overdose death was 11.2 (95%CI 9.2-13.5) per 1000 person years. Risk factors for overdose death included a history of 3 or more incarcerations (HR=3.00, 95%CI 1.67-5.39), co-occurring substance use disorder and mental illness (HR=4.73, 95%CI 2.94-7.62), chronic physical morbidity (HR=3.10, 95%CI 1.97-4.88), and being dispensed benzodiazepines (HR=3.31, 95%CI 2.27-4.84) or opioids for pain (HR=6.77, 95%CI 3.86-11.89). The incidence of fatal overdose was significantly higher in the first two weeks post-release than at any other time during follow-up. ConclusionPeople released from prison in BC are at markedly increased risk of preventable death, mainly due to overdose. As such, people transitioning from prison to the community should be a key target population for overdose prevention efforts. To be maximally effective, these efforts must go beyond provision of methadone and naloxone on release, to consider physical and mental health comorbidities, and psychosocial disadvantage.

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Mindfulness and Executive Functioning in Preadolescents and Adolescents: A Scoping Review

American Journal of Occupational Therapy ◽

10.5014/ajot.2021.75s2-rp329 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 75 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. 7512515329p1-7512515329p1

Author(s):

Rebecca Mariel Rutta ◽

Shamta Kumar ◽

Varada Pisharody ◽

Kaitlyn Cecilia Irwin ◽

Nancy Baker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Executive Functioning ◽

Executive Functions ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Target Population ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Mindfulness Interventions ◽

The Impact ◽

Primary Author

Abstract Date Presented Accepted for AOTA INSPIRE 2021 but unable to be presented due to online event limitations. Executive functions, including attention and regulation, are relevant to successful participation in complex occupations. A scoping review was conducted to summarize and evaluate current evidence for the impact of mindfulness on the attention and regulation skills of preadolescents and adolescents. Findings suggest early promise of mindfulness interventions in improving these skills in the target population. However, firm conclusions cannot be drawn due to low trustworthiness of the evidence. Primary Author and Speaker: Rebecca Mariel Rutta Additional Authors and Speakers: Shamta Kumar, Varada Pisharody, and Kaitlyn Cecilia Irwin Contributing Authors: Nancy Baker, Elizabeth Marfeo, and Margaret Morris

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European Surgical Education and Training in Gynecologic Oncology: The impact of an Accredited Fellowship

International Journal of Gynecological Cancer ◽

10.1097/igc.0000000000000942 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 27 (4) ◽

pp. 819-825 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Luis M. Chiva ◽

Jose Mínguez ◽

Denis Querleu ◽

David Cibula ◽

Andreas du Bois

Keyword(s):

Surgical Training ◽

Surgical Education ◽

Gynecologic Oncology ◽

Target Population ◽

Education And Training ◽

Postoperative Management ◽

Management Of Complications ◽

Urinary Reconstruction ◽

The Impact ◽

And Training

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to understand the current situation of surgical education and training in Europe among members of the European Society of Gynecological Oncology (ESGO) and its impact on the daily surgical practice of those that have completed an accredited fellowship in gynecologic oncology.MethodsA questionnaire addressing topics of interest in surgical training was designed and sent to ESGO members with surgical experience in gynecologic oncology. The survey was completely confidentially and could be completed in less than 5 minutes. Responses from 349 members from 42 European countries were obtained, which was 38% of the potential target population. The respondents were divided into 2 groups depending on whether they had undergone an official accreditation process.ResultsTwo thirds of respondents said they had received a good surgical education. However, accredited gynecologists felt that global surgical training was significantly better. Surgical self-confidence among accredited specialists was significantly higher regarding most surgical oncological procedures than it was among their peers without such accreditation. However, the rate of self-assurance in ultraradical operations, and bowel and urinary reconstruction was quite low in both groups. There was a general request for standardizing surgical education across the ESGO area. Respondents demanded further training in laparoscopy, ultraradical procedures, bowel and urinary reconstruction, and postoperative management of complications. Furthermore, they requested the creation of fellowship programs in places where they are not now accredited and the promotion of rotations and exchange in centers of excellence. Finally, respondents want supporting training in disadvantaged countries of the ESGO area.ConclusionsSpecialists in gynecologic oncology that have obtained a formal accreditation received a significantly better surgical education than those that have not. The ESGO responders recognize that their society should lead the standardization of surgical training and promote ways of improving members’ surgical skills.

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Impact Evaluation of an SMS Campaign to Promote Household Chlorination in Rural Haiti

Water ◽

10.3390/w12113095 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (11) ◽

pp. 3095

Author(s):

Michael Ritter ◽

Eveline Camille ◽

Christophe Velcine ◽

Rose-Kerline Guillaume ◽

Jean Marcel Casimir ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cost Effective ◽

Target Population ◽

Purchase Behavior ◽

Household Water Treatment ◽

Behavior Change Interventions ◽

Message Service ◽

Usage Patterns ◽

Mobile Phone Usage ◽

Sales Agent ◽

The Impact

Despite documented health benefits of household water treatment and storage (HWTS), achieving sustained use remains challenging. In prior evaluations of a long-term HWTS program in Haiti, multiple marketing interventions failed to increase use or had prohibitively high costs. Using mobile phones is a potentially cost-effective way to change HWTS behavior. We conducted a randomized experiment to evaluate the impact of sending short-message service (SMS) messages to promote household chlorination in this program in Haiti. Households (n = 1327) were randomly assigned to: One of four SMS frequencies; one of ten behavioral constructs; “cholera” or “disease” framing; and one or zero household visits from a sales agent. During the three-month campaign, there were no statistically significant relationships between the four outcomes related to chlorine purchases and any SMS frequency, any behavioral construct, or either “cholera” or “disease” framing. Receiving one visit increased the probability of purchasing a bottle of chlorine by 17.1 percentage points (p < 0.001) but did not affect subsequent purchase behavior. Costs of managing the SMS campaign were higher than expected. SMS campaigns may not be cost-effective behavior change interventions in certain contexts. If pursued, we recommend simple interventions, timed with the target behavior, and tailored to mobile phone usage patterns of the target population.

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Barriers to tacit knowledge retention: An understanding of the perceptions of the knowledge management of people inside and outside the organisation

SA Journal of Information Management ◽

10.4102/sajim.v15i2.556 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Jacky Bessick ◽

Visvanathan Naicker

Keyword(s):

Information Technology ◽

Knowledge Management ◽

Tacit Knowledge ◽

Quantitative Research ◽

Target Population ◽

Knowledge Retention ◽

Research Approach ◽

Knowledge Loss ◽

Private And Public ◽

The Impact

Background: Knowledge loss causes challenges for organisations that wish to remain competitive. These organisations must identify the risks that could lead to knowledge loss and become aware of issues that affect knowledge retention.Objectives: The objective of this research was to identify tacit knowledge retention barriers that could cause knowledge loss in an organisation. The paper presents a framework for the assessment of the impact of these barriers and discusses the research findings in order to critique that framework.Method: A quantitative strategy was used to interpret the findings. The target population is information technology (IT) professionals in a government organisation. Interviews were conducted in order to produce a more context-sensitive interpretation of the findings. A quantitative research approach was used to ensure the findings would precisely reflect the target population.Results: The majority of respondents confirmed that career development requires professional development, training prospects and improves the employability of employees. The agreed result was that respondents seek autonomy, that is, the ability to make decisions. Job stress and burnout are experienced because of problems with in filling posts, and the competition between the private and public sectors for experienced IT employees.Conclusion: Certain determinants were found that affect barriers in knowledge management: organisational commitment, job satisfaction, job characteristics and talent management. These need to be measured to prevent barriers from occurring. Implications are drawn from the study; these provide a focus for further research to bridge some gaps in information technology that currently limit the widespread use of knowledge management.

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