Epigenetics of programmed obesity: alteration in IUGR rat hepatic IGF1 mRNA expression and histone structure in rapid vs. delayed postnatal catch-up growth

Maternal food restriction (FR) during pregnancy results in intrauterine growth-restricted (IUGR) offspring that show rapid catch-up growth and develop metabolic syndrome and adult obesity. However, continued nutrient restriction during nursing delays catch-up growth and prevents development of obesity. Epigenetic regulation of IGF1, which modulates growth and is synthesized and secreted by the liver, may play a role in the development of these morbidities. Control (AdLib) pregnant rats received ad libitum food through gestation and lactation, and FR dams were exposed to 50% food restriction from days 10 to 21. FR pups were nursed by either ad libitum-fed control dams (FR/AdLib) or FR dams (FR/FR). All pups were weaned to ad libitum feed. Maternal FR resulted in IUGR newborns with significantly lower liver weight and, with the use of chromatin immunoprecipitation, decreased dimethylation at H3K4 in the IGF1 region was observed. Obese adult FR/AdLib males had decreased dimethylation and increased trimethylation of H3K4 in the IGF1 region. This corresponded to an increase in mRNA expression of IGF1-A (134 ± 5%), IGF1-B (165 ± 6%), IGF1 exon 1 (149 ± 6%), and IGF1 exon 2 (146 ± 7%) in the FR/AdLib compared with the AdLib/AdLib control group. In contrast, nonobese FR/FR had significantly higher IGF1-B mRNA levels (147 ± 19%) than controls with no difference in IGF1-A, exon 1 or exon 2. Modulation of the rate of IUGR newborn catch-up growth may thus protect against IGF1 epigenetic modifications and, consequently, obesity and associated metabolic abnormalities.

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SAT-290 Food Restriction Effects on the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis

Journal of the Endocrine Society ◽

10.1210/jendso/bvaa046.1094 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Naira Silva Mansano ◽

Tabata Mariz Bohlen ◽

Renata Frazao

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Estrous Cycle ◽

Food Restriction ◽

Control Group ◽

Vaginal Smear ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Female Mice ◽

Estrous Cyclicity ◽

Ad Libitum

Abstract It is well known that nutritional status affects the reproduction, since an adequate amount of energy is necessary for puberty onset and fertility. However, the neural mechanisms by which energy homeostasis affects reproduction is not completely elucidated. To determine if acute or chronic food restriction (FR) are able to modulate the estrous cycle, adult female mice were used in the experiments. The estrous cycle was evaluated by daily observation of vaginal smear. To determine the effects of an acute FR protocol on estrous cycle, females were individualized and kept on ad libitum diet (control, n=17) or fasted for 24 hours (n= 21). A subgroup of animals was euthanized shortly after the 24-hours test to collect hypothalamus and determinate Kiss1 mRNA levels, while another group of mice were regrouped and fed ad libitum. To determine the effects of a chronic FR protocol on estrous cycle, control mice were individualized and maintained with 100% of daily food content (average of 5 g per day, n = 6), or submitted to 60% of FR (n= 12). Animals were fed ad libitum after test. As expected, mice fasted for 24-hours exhibited a significant weight loss (control: 21.7 g ± 0.5 vs 21.6 ± 0.5 g; fasted: 22.7g ± 0.5 vs 18.7g ± 0.4, P=0.0001). This effect was followed by a significant reduction of hypothalamic Kiss1 mRNA expression (control: 1.0 ± 0.2; fasted: 0.3 ± 0.05, P=0.04, n=4/4 per group). Surprisingly, even under lower Kiss1 mRNA levels, 24-hours fasting induced no changes on estrous cycle. On the other hand, chronic FR induced a gradual weight loss (body weight at the 5th day of FR, control: 21.5g ± 0.2; FR: 17.3g ± 0.7, P=0.0002). The chronic FR was follow by the disruption of estrous cyclicity. While control mice exhibited a regular pattern of cyclicity during the period of evaluation, only leukocytes were identified in the vaginal smear of mice submitted to 60% of FR, even though they had a normal cycling pattern before the test. Therefore, by comparing 30 days of estrous cycle evaluation, including the period before chronic FR, while control mice exhibited cornified cells in the vaginal smear 58.5 ± 4.9% of days, female mice submitted to FR exhibited cornified cells in 38.3 ± 3.8% of days (P= 0.0068). Approximately 3-4 days after the end of the chronic FR females returned to exhibit estrous cyclicity, however the length of the estrous cycle was prolonged compared to control group. Our data suggest that chronic nutritional status variations are required to disrupt the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis and therefore the estrous cyclicity.

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Abstract 14356: Blood Tests That Improve the Accuracy of a Brugada Syndrome Diagnosis

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.132.suppl_3.14356 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽

Author(s):

Anyu Zhou ◽

Ning Jinag ◽

Marco Denegri ◽

An Xie ◽

Guangbin Shi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Mrna Expression ◽

Brugada Syndrome ◽

Roc Analysis ◽

White Blood Cells ◽

Control Group ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Operating Characteristics ◽

Optimal Cutoff ◽

Scn5a Mutation

Objectives: To discover the role of altered gene expression regulation in Brugada Syndrome (BrS) and to find biomarkers for BrS diagnosis. Methods: Twenty-five control patients (Control), 25 BrS patients without SCN5A mutation (SCN5A(-)) and 20 BrS patients with SCN5A mutation (SCN5A(+)) were included in this study. Specified gene expression of white blood cells (WBC) were measured by RT-qPCR using TaqMan® Gene Expression assay. Results: MEF2C and MESP1 are the two major cardiac specific transcription factors expressed in WBC. The mRNA expression levels of SCN5A, MEF2C and HuR, one of mRNA stabilizers, were decreased in the SCN5A (+) group (P=0.047, 0.02, 0.000 vs. control group, respectively). The mRNA expression of MESP1 in WBCs was significantly lower in both SCN5A(-) (P=0.012 vs. control) and SCN5A(+) (P=0.000 vs. control) groups. There was no difference between the two BrS groups in MESP1 expression (P=0.215). The area under the Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) analysis curve for prediction of BrS using MESP1 levels was 0.775 (95% CI 0.668, 0.882, asymptotic Sig.=0.000). At the optimal cutoff, the corresponding maximum sensitivity and specificity were 0.62 (95% CI: 0.47, 0.76) and 0.88 (0.69, 0.97), respectively. The diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) of MESP1 for BrS diagnosis was 11.96 (95% CI: 5.79, 24.73). The assessment of the mRNA levels in blood SCN5A, MEF2C and HuR were useful for predicting BrS patients with an SCN5A mutation. The area under the ROC analysis curve for prediction of BrS with an SCN5A mutation using SCN5A, MEF2C and HuR mRNA levels in WBCs was 0.847 (95% CI 0.752, 0.942, asymptotic Sig.=0.000), 0.685 (95% CI 0.542, 0.828, asymptotic Sig.=0.016) and 0.777 (95% CI 0.652, 0.902, asymptotic Sig.=0.000), respectively. At the optimal cutoff, the DOR of SCN5A, MEF2C and HuR for SCN5A(+) BrS diagnosis was 17.5 (95% CI: 8.06, 37.86), 4.9 (95% CI: 2.61, 9.17) and 23.5 (95% CI: 9.39, 58.80), respectively. Conclusions: Our results suggest that assessment of circulating MESP1 may be used as a biomarker for BrS diagnosis while decreased SCN5A, MEF2C and HuR mRNA in WBCs is associated with BrS patients with an SCN5A mutation. Our results also suggest that decreased expression of SCN5A, MEF2C, MESP1, and HuR may be pathophysiologically related to BrS.

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Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone-II Messenger Ribonucleic Acid and Protein Content in the Mammalian Brain Are Modulated by Food Intake

Endocrinology ◽

10.1210/en.2006-0615 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 147 (11) ◽

pp. 5069-5077 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Alexander S. Kauffman ◽

Karolina Bojkowska ◽

Aileen Wills ◽

Emilie F. Rissman

Keyword(s):

Food Intake ◽

Food Restriction ◽

Mammalian Brain ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Female Reproduction ◽

Messenger Ribonucleic Acid ◽

Medial Habenula ◽

Sufficient Energy ◽

Peptide Family ◽

Ad Libitum

GnRH-II is the most evolutionarily conserved member of the GnRH peptide family. In mammals, GnRH-II has been shown to regulate reproductive and feeding behaviors. In female musk shrews, GnRH-II treatment increases mating behaviors and decreases food intake. Although GnRH-II-containing neurons are known to reside in the midbrain, the neural sites of GnRH-II action are undetermined, as is the degree to which GnRH-II is regulated by energy availability. To determine whether GnRH-II function is affected by changes in food intake, we analyzed the levels of GnRH-II mRNA in the midbrain and GnRH-II protein in numerous target regions. Adult musk shrews were ad libitum fed, food restricted, or food restricted and refed for varying durations. Compared with ad libitum levels, food restriction decreased, and 90 min of refeeding reinstated, GnRH-II mRNA levels in midbrain and GnRH-II peptide in several target areas including the medial habenula and ventromedial nucleus. Refeeding for 90 min also reinstated female sexual behavior in underfed shrews. In male shrews, abundant GnRH-II peptide was present in all sites assayed, including the preoptic area, a region with only low GnRH-II in females. In contrast to females, food restriction did not affect GnRH-II protein in male brains or inhibit their mating behavior. Our results further define the relationship between GnRH-II, energy balance, and reproduction, and suggest that food restriction may inhibit female reproduction by reducing GnRH-II output to several brain nuclei. We postulate that this highly conserved neuropeptide functions similarly in other mammals, including humans, to fine-tune reproductive efforts with periods of sufficient energy resources.

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Integrating the lncRNA and mRNA expression profiles of TLR4-primed mesenchymal stem cells in ankylosing spondylitis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-45893/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yuxi Li ◽

Ming Li ◽

Jiajun Huang ◽

Yuwei Liang ◽

Junshen Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ankylosing Spondylitis ◽

Mrna Expression ◽

High Throughput Sequencing ◽

Mononuclear Cells ◽

Expression Profiles ◽

Functional Networks ◽

Control Group ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽

Qrt Pcr

Abstract Background Our previous study found that the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients was significantly different from that of healthy donors. The goals of this study were to explore the expression profiles and functional networks of lncRNAs and mRNAs in TLR4-primed mesenchymal stromal cells from AS patients (AS-MSCs) and to clarify the mechanisms by which TLR4-primed MSCs exert immunoregulatory effects in AS. Methods Firstly, the immunoregulatory effects of MSCs were determined after TLR4 activation. Then, the differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs and mRNAs between the control group (AS-MSCs without stimulation) and experimental group (AS-MSCs stimulated with lipopolysaccharide) were identified through high-throughput sequencing followed by qRT-PCR confirmation. Finally, bioinformatic analyses were performed to identify the critical biological functions, signalling pathways and associated functional networks involved in the TLR4-primed immunoregulatory function of AS-MSCs. Results TLR4-primed AS-MSCs showed a strong ability to inhibit the proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with 1 µg/ml LPS stimulation for 4 hours. A total of 147 DE lncRNAs and 698 DE mRNAs were identified between TLR4-primed AS-MSCs and unstimulated AS-MSCs. Significant fold changes in lncRNA and mRNA levels were confirmed by qRT-PCR. GO and KEGG analysis demonstrated that the DE mRNAs and lncRNAs were highly associated with the inflammatory response. Cis-regulation prediction revealed 9 novel lncRNAs while trans-regulation prediction revealed 15 lncRNAs, respectively. Conclusions Our research describes the lncRNA and mRNA expression profiles and functional networks in TLR4-primed AS-MSCs, which is supposed to enhance the understanding of the pathogenesis of AS-MSC immunoregulatory dysfunction.

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Transcriptional Levels of Autophagy and UPR Markers in the Brain and Liver of Pregnant Rats

Gene Cell and Tissue ◽

10.5812/gct.111203 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Saeed Alizadeh ◽

Ghasem Ghasempour ◽

Elnaz Golestaneh ◽

Yasaman Safian Isfahani ◽

Arya Emami ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Er Stress ◽

Control Group ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Pregnant Rats ◽

Unfolded Protein ◽

Expression Of Genes ◽

Genes Encoding ◽

Autophagy Pathway ◽

Protein Response ◽

The Brain

Background: Pregnancy is associated with oxidative stress that results in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and unfolded protein response (UPR). Prolonged-unalleviated ER stress causes the activation of the autophagy pathway via UPR. Expression of genes encoding glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and BECLIN1 are induced in UPR and autophagy. Objectives: We studied the mRNA expression of the aforementioned genes in the liver and brain of Nulligravida versus saline and ethanol-treated pregnant rats. Methods: Control pregnant rats were orally treated with normal saline, and test animals received ethanol 250 mg/kg or resveratrol 120 mg/kg from day 1 to day 21 of gestation. Nulligravida rats treated by saline comprised the non-pregnant control group. On day 21, mRNAs encoding GRP78 and BECLIN1 were extracted from the liver and brain tissues and assessed using real-time PCR. Results: Our results showed that the level of transcripts encoding GRP78 and BECLIN1 was higher in the liver of pregnant rats compared to Nulligravida ones. Further, ethanol decreased the mRNA levels of GRP78 and BECLIN1 in the liver of pregnant rats, an effect that was reversed by resveratrol. Levels of GRP78 transcripts were decreased, and those of BECLIN1 remained unchanged in the brain of ethanol exposed pregnant rats. Conclusions: Levels of mRNAs for GRP78 and BECLIN1 are up-regulated during pregnancy. These levels are reduced in the liver of ethanol-treated rats, and resveratrol compensates these effects.

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The Modified Bushen Antai Recipe Upregulates Estrogen and Progesterone Receptors at the Maternal-Fetal Interface in Pregnant Rats with Mifepristone-Induced Pregnancy Loss

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2019/8312020 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Li Sun ◽

Zhengwei Yuan ◽

Lingyan Jian ◽

Qinghua Jiang ◽

Siwen Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pregnancy Loss ◽

Progesterone Receptors ◽

Live Birth Rate ◽

Control Group ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Model Group ◽

Estrogen And Progesterone Receptors ◽

Pregnant Rats ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Maternal Fetal Interface

Background. The modified Bushen Antai recipe (BSAT) is a centuries-old traditional Chinese medicine that we use in our center as a therapy against pregnancy loss. Our study aimed to explore the potential benefit and mechanism of BSAT in pregnant rats with mifepristone-induced pregnancy loss. Materials and Methods. The signature compounds of the eight BSAT ingredients were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The BSAT group (n = 8) was treated daily with 6.3 ml/kg BSAT from gestation day (D) 0.5 to 10.5 and once with 1.25 mg/kg mifepristone on D 10.5. Normal saline replaced BSAT in the model group (n = 8), and both BSAT and mifepristone in the control group (n = 8). Morphological and histological analyses were performed on D 13.5. Results. BSAT contains eight medicinal ingredients including Cuscuta chinensis and Dipsacus asperoides. The HPLC analysis detected the signature compounds of seven medicinal ingredients in the extract. Embryo resorption rate in the BSAT group was significantly lower than that in the model group, although the number of surviving embryos was similar between the two groups. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining suggested that the maximum cross-sectional area of the placenta and the area ratio of the placental labyrinth in the BSAT group were higher than those in the model group. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining indicated that the expression of ki67, estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), and progesterone receptor (PR) in the placental labyrinth of the BSAT group was higher than that of the model group. Furthermore, the protein levels of ERα, PR, phospho-Akt/Akt, and phospho-Erk1/2/Erk1/2 in the BSAT group were higher than those in the control group. The mRNA levels of ERα and PR in the BSAT group were higher than those in the control group. Conclusions. BSAT may induce estrogen and progesterone receptors by phosphorylation via the classic Akt and Erk1/2 signaling pathways in the maternal-fetal interface of pregnant rats, thereby reducing the pregnancy loss rate and improving the live birth rate.

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Comparative effects of food restriction, fasting, diabetes and thyroidectomy on growth hormone and thyrotropin gene expression in the rat pituitary

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/eje.0.1330110 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 133 (1) ◽

pp. 110-116 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Manuela Rodriguez ◽

Felipe Rodriguez ◽

Trinidad Jolin ◽

Pilar Santisteban

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Growth Hormone ◽

Food Restriction ◽

Blot Hybridization ◽

Northern Blot Hybridization ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Restricted Feeding ◽

Rat Pituitary ◽

Ad Libitum ◽

Ad Libitum Intake

Rodriguez M, Rodriguez F, Jolin T, Santisteban P. Comparative effects of food restriction, fasting, diabetes and thyroidectomy on growth hormone and thyrotropin gene expression in the rat pituitary. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;133:110–6. ISSN 0804–4643 To examine the molecular basis for the decreased pituitary growth hormone (GH) and thyrotropin (TSH) content during restricted feeding, fasting and diabetes, we measured steady-state levels of mRNA for TSH-α TSH-β and GH in the pituitary from normal rats either fed ad libitum (C), limited to 75%, 50% and 25% (FR75, FR50, FR25, respectively) of ad libitum intake, or deprived of food for 2 and 4 days (F2 and F4, respectively), and also in streptozotocin-diabetic (D) and D insulin-treated animals. The results from these experimental groups were compared with those in thyroidectomized (Tx) rats. Pituitary mRNA was quantified by Northern blot hybridization with cDNA probes specific for rat TSH-α, TSH-β and GH. Although changes in the pituitary GH mRNA during restricted feeding, fasting and diabetes were similar qualitatively to those induced by hypothyroidism, GH mRNA levels in Tx rats (> 10% of C values) were less than in the other experimental groups (p < 0.001). Pituitaries from FR50, FR25 and D rats also contained less GH mRNA than F2 and F4 animals (p < 0.05). Thyroidectomy resulted in a marked increase in both TSH-β and TSH-α mRNAs, the changes in TSH-β mRNA being greater than those in TSH-α mRNA. In contrast, FR50, FR2 5, F2, F4 and D rats exhibited a decrease in pituitary TSH-β mRNA (60%, 50%, 35%, 36% and 33%, respectively, of C values; p < 0.01–0.05) and in TSH-α mRNA levels (81%, 64%, 46%, 43% and 36%, respectively, of normal values; p < 0.02–0.05), TSH-β mRNA showing the greater changes. However, pituitaries from F2, F4 and D rats contained less TSH-β and TSH-α mRNA levels than FR50 and FR25 animals (p < 0.05). Insulin therapy partially restored the changes in mRNA for GH, TSH-β and TSH-α observed in D rats. In addition, the pituitary nuclear triiodothyronine in Tx, FR50, FR25, F2, F4 and D rats was reduced to 19%, 73%, 52%, 76%, 51% and 41%, respectively of C values (p < 0.05–0.001). These data suggest that GH, TSH-α and TSH-β gene expression are modulated by metabolic and/or endocrine changes accompanying restricted feeding, fasting and diabetes. P Santisteban, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, CSIC, Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain

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mRNA Expression of CYP2E1, CYP2A19, CYP1A2, HSD3B, SULT1A1 and SULT2A1 genes in surgically castrated, immunologically castrated, entire male and female pigs and correlation with androstenone, skatole, indole and Improvac-specific antibody levels

Czech Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.17221/159/2018-cjas ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 64 (No. 2) ◽

pp. 89-97

Author(s):

A. Kubešová ◽

K. Šťastný ◽

M. Faldyna ◽

Z. Sládek ◽

I. Steinhauserová ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Mrna Expression ◽

Mrna Level ◽

Boar Taint ◽

Control Group ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Large White ◽

Specific Antibodies ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Entire Male

This study aimed to obtain a comprehensive look at the influence of castration on mRNA expression of the genes CYP2E1, CYP1A2, CYP2A19, HSD3B, SULT2A1 and SULT1A1 and their correlation with boar taint compounds (androstenone, skatole and indole) and Improvac-specific antibodies in a Czech commercial hybrid (Large White × Landrace (sow) × Duroc (boar)). Pigs were divided into groups of entire male pigs (NC), pigs castrated surgically (SC), pigs immunologically castrated and slaughtered 8 weeks (IM8) or 15 weeks (IM15) after the second dose of Improvac, and gilts (GI). Hepatic mRNA expression, measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, differed significantly between the control group (entire male pigs) and all groups of interest for CYP2E1, CYP1A2 and CYP2A19. The mRNA level of the HSD3B gene differed significantly between the control group and the IM8, IM15 and GI groups. SULT1A1 gene expression was significantly different between the control group and the SC, IM8 and GI. In the case of SULT2A1, a significant difference was observed only between the control group and IM8 pigs. For all genes and treatment groups described above, expression was increased relative to the control. Significant differences for Improvac-specific antibodies between IM8 and IM15 groups were observed, indicating decrease of antibodies over time. Moreover, negative correlations between androstenone and mRNA levels of CYP2A19, CYP2E1 and SULT1A1 suggest that gene expression is suppressed.

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Endometrial injury concurrent with hysteroscopy increases the expression of Leukaemia inhibitory factor: a preliminary study

Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology ◽

10.1186/s12958-021-00877-z ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Suat Suphan Ersahin ◽

Aynur Ersahin

Keyword(s):

Mrna Expression ◽

Fold Increase ◽

Inhibitory Factor ◽

Leukaemia Inhibitory Factor ◽

Control Group ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Promoting Effect ◽

Chain Reactions ◽

Endometrial Injury ◽

Before And After

Abstract Objective It is not known by which mechanism endometrial injury increases pregnancy rates. Leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is a cytokine involved in wound healing and implantation. The aim of this study was to determine the change in endometrial LIF mRNA expression before and after mechanical injury during hysteroscopy. Methods Forty patients with a history of two or more unsuccessful implantations who decided to undergo hysteroscopy in the proliferative phase were divided into two equal groups: one with endometrial injury (scratching group) and the other with noninjury (control group). Endometrial sampling was conducted before injury on the patients in the scratching group, and then injury was performed with monopolar needle forceps. Only diagnostic hysteroscopy was performed on the patients in the control group. Endometrial tissues were collected using a Pipelle catheter between Days 20 and 23 of the mid-luteal phase of the next cycles in both the scratching and control groups. Endometrial LIF mRNA expression was evaluated with the use of reverse-transcription polymerase chain reactions. Results Relative changes in mRNA expression levels of the LIF gene in endometrial samples taken before and after injury were calculated using the 2-ΔΔCt method, and the fold changes obtained were compared between and within the groups. Compared with preinjury values, an 11.1-fold increase was found in postinjury LIF mRNA expression in patients with monopolar forceps injury (p < 0.001). There was a 3.9-fold significant increase in postinjury LIF mRNA levels compared with those in the control group (p < 0.02). Conclusions The fertility-promoting effect of hysteroscopy-guided mechanical endometrial injury may be mediated by LIF mRNA.

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Hindlimb Muscle Atrophy Occurs From Short-Term Undernutrition in Rats

Biological Research For Nursing ◽

10.1177/1099800412459882 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 459-464 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jee Yoon Kim

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Food Intake ◽

Liver Weight ◽

Control Group ◽

Type I ◽

Short Term ◽

Muscle Weight ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Ad Libitum ◽

Gastrocnemius Muscles

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of short-term (7 days) undernutrition on Type I (soleus) and Type II (plantaris, gastrocnemius) muscles in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats ( N = 20) were randomly assigned to one of two groups: a control group ( n = 10) in which animals were allowed to have water and pellets ad libitum and an undernourished group ( n = 10) in which animals were allowed to have 37% of the total food intake of the control group and water ad libitum. Body weight and food intake were measured daily. After 7 days, rats were anesthetized and the soleus, plantaris, and gastrocnemius muscles and liver were dissected. Body weight, liver weight, muscle weight, Types I and II fiber cross-sectional area, and myofibrillar protein content were determined. After 7 days of undernutrition, the undernourished group showed significant decreases ( p < .05) compared to the control group in body weight, liver weight, muscle weight of soleus, plantaris, and gastrocnemius muscles, and cross-sectional areas of Types I and II fiber of the plantaris and gastrocnemius muscles.

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