scholarly journals Platelet Counts and Platelet Activation Markers in Obese Subjects

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorit Samocha-Bonet ◽  
Dan Justo ◽  
Ori Rogowski ◽  
Nili Saar ◽  
Subchi Abu-Abeid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Platelet Activation ◽  
Annexin V ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Activation Markers ◽  
Platelet Counts ◽  
Hs Crp

Objective. In this work we studied the correlation between platelet count, platelet activation, and systemic inflammation in overweight, obese, and morbidly obese individuals.Methods and subjects. A total of 6319 individuals participated in the study. Complete blood counts, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) serum levels, and body mass index (BMI) were measured during routine checkups. Platelet activation markers were studied among 30 obese (BMI = 41 8 kg/m2) and 35 nonobese (BMI = 24 3 kg/m2) individuals. Platelet activation status was evaluated by flow cytometry using specific antibodies against the activated platelet membrane glycoprotein IIb/IIIa, p-selectin (CD-62 p), and binding of Annexin-V to platelet anionic phospholipids.Results. Overweight, obese, and morbidly obese females had significantly elevated platelet counts () compared with normal-weight females. No significant elevation of platelet counts was observed in the male subgroups. A significant age adjusted correlation between BMI and platelet counts () was found among females. This correlation was attenuated () after adjustment for hs-CRP concentrations. The flow cytometry analysis of platelets showed no significant differences in activation marker expression between nonobese and obese individuals.Discussion. Obesity may be associated with elevated platelet counts in females with chronic inflammation. Obesity is not associated with increased platelet activation.

scholarly journals Serum Adiponectin Levels in Advanced-Stage Parkinson's Disease Patients

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Erica Cassani ◽  
Raffaella Cancello ◽  
Ferruccio Cavanna ◽  
Sabrina Maestrini ◽  
Anna Maria Di Blasio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Status Assessment ◽  
Young Subjects

Patients with advanced Parkinson's disease (PD) experience body weight loss and reductions in the most common cardiovascular risk factors. At present, the pathogenetic mechanisms involved have not been elucidated. Increased serum concentrations of adiponectin, which possesses antiatherogenic and anti-inflammatory properties, are associated with a reduction in cardiovascular risk. The objective of this study was to determine adiponectin serum concentrations in PD patients. Thirty PD patients underwent a full nutritional status assessment, including the determination of adiponectin serum concentrations. Mean ± SD adiponectin concentrations were 9.59 ± 5.9 μg/mL (interquartile range: 5.92–12.9 μg/mL). In PD patients, adiponectin serum levels were similar to those in normal-weight, healthy, young subjects and significantly higher than that in an aged-matched group of morbidly obese subjects. Further studies are warranted to establish the role of adiponectin in the management of PD patients.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Inflammatory Markers in Pregnant Women at Risk, for the Prediction of Preeclampsia

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 94-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihaela Daniela Oancea ◽  
N. Costin ◽  
Daria Maria Pop ◽  
R. Ciortea ◽  
Ioana Trif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Group I ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Abstract Introduction: A low degree of inflammation has been associated with complications in pregnancies, including preeclampsia (PE). The aim of our study was to determine the serum values of high sensitivity C Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy in pregnant women with risk factors for the development of PE, and to evaluate their relevance for the prediction of this disorder. Material and methods: We performed a prospective longitudinal study on 120 pregnant women, who were divided based on the pregnancy evolution, into two groups: group I - 26 pregnant women who developed preeclampsia and group II - 94 pregnant women with physiological evolution of pregnancy. Results: Our study has shown an increase in serum levels of hs-CRP and IL-6 in the first and second trimester of pregnancy in patients from group I, significant values being revealed only in the second trimester of pregnancy. The predictive power of the selected inflammatory markers was significant only for values of hs-CRP in the second trimester of pregnancy, while the association with IL-6 increased the prediction. Conclusions: Increased values of hs-CRP and IL-6 in the second trimester of pregnancy are associated with higher risk for preeclampsia, however the study provided only a modest efficiency of the prediction capacity.

A STUDY TO EVALUATE THE ROLE OF HIGH SENSITIVITY C-REACTIVE PROTEIN IN CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT IN THE DARBHANGA MEDICAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL

2021 ◽  
pp. 71-73
Author(s):  
Amit Kumar Tiwari ◽  
Umesh Chandra Jha ◽  
Debarshi Jana
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrovascular Accident ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Abrupt Onset ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Hs Crp

INTRODUCTION:Cerebrovascular accident (commonly called stroke) is dened as an abrupt onset of a neurologic decit that is attributable to a focal vascular cause. Thus, the diagnosis of stroke is clinical and laboratory studies including brain imaging are used to support the diagnosis AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the serum levels of high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in different types of cerebrovascular accidents on admission. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was an institution based cross-sectional study designed to investigate the association of hs-CRP levels with stroke and its types in Indian patients. The study was done in the Department of Medicine, Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital, Laheriasarai, Bihar from march 2019 to March 2020. 50 patients of either sex above 12 years of age admitted in Medicine Department of DMCH, Laheriasarai, Bihar with clinically or radiologically diagnosed stroke. RESULT: The mean level of hsCRP (mean ± s.d.) of the cases in our study was 7.65±7.01 with range 1.4 – 26 and the median was 3.7 and 58% of the cases were having level of hsCRP≥3 (p=0.023).Mean level of hsCRPof cases was signicantly higher than that of control (t98=7.25;p=0.001). CONCLUSION:We concluded that hs-CRPlevel is increased in cases of cerebrovascular accident- ischemic as well as haemorrhagic, suggesting an inammatory response in acute cerebrovascular accident. hs-CRP level is increased in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular accident dramatically but not in haemorrhagic cerebrovascular accident which might be considered as useful adjunct method for determining type of stroke in patients with cerebrovascular problems.

Abstract 16292: Selective Platelet Protease-Activated-Receptor (PAR)1 and PAR4 Mediated Thrombin Desensitisation in the Elderly is Correlated With Inflammation and Chronic Thrombin Receptor Stimulation

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonali R Gnanenthiran ◽  
Gabrielle Pennings ◽  
Caroline Reddel ◽  
Heather Campbell ◽  
Justin Hamilton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Platelet Activation ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Thrombin Receptor ◽  
Receptor Stimulation ◽  
Activation Markers ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
D Dimer ◽  
Granule Release

Introduction: Platelet activation, by adenosine diphosphate (ADP) via P2Y 12 receptors and thrombin via PAR1 and PAR4, is a key therapeutic target in cardiovascular disease (CVD). The efficacy of antiplatelet agents diminishes in the elderly, but it is unknown whether these pathways change with aging. Hypothesis: Platelet activation pathways change with aging. Methods: Platelet activity was evaluated in young (20-30yrs), middle-aged (40-55yrs) and elderly (≥70yrs) healthy volunteers (n=174). Whole blood aggregometry and flow cytometry (P-selectin: α-granule release; CD63: dense granule release; PAC1 binding: activated GPIIb/IIIa) were performed under basal conditions and post ex vivo stimulation with ADP, thrombin, PAR1 agonist or PAR4 agonist. EC 50 and E max values were derived for each agonist. Receptor cleavage and quantification (P2Y 12 ; PAR1; PAR4; GPIbα) were assessed with flow cytometry. Thrombin generation (D-Dimer) and inflammation (interleukin [IL]-1β; tumour necrosis factor [TNF]-α) were assessed via ELISA. Results: The elderly had higher basal platelet activation markers (P-selectin, CD63, activated GPIIb/IIIa) than the young, with higher basal activity correlating with increasing IL-1β. P2Y 12 receptor density was higher in the elderly and associated with greater ADP-induced platelet aggregation and activation. Elderly subjects had less platelet activation in response to thrombin (higher EC 50 ), demonstrating hyporeactivity to selective stimulation of PAR1 or PAR4, more basal PAR1/PAR4 cleavage, and less inducible PAR1/PAR4 cleavage. This was associated with reduced thrombin binding receptor GPIbα and reduced secondary ADP contribution to thrombin-mediated activation. D-Dimer and TNF-α levels were elevated in the elderly, and inversely correlated with platelet thrombin sensitivity, implying a role of desensitization from chronic thrombin receptor stimulation. Conclusion: Aging is associated with increased basal platelet activation and hyperreactivity to ADP, but selective desensitization to thrombin. The latter appears mediated by chronic thrombin receptor stimulation and inflammation. Age-specific antiplatelet strategies may require selective targeting of these pathways to treat CVD in the elderly.

scholarly journals Effects of parathyroidectomy on tumoral calcinosis in uremic patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism

BMC Surgery ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Wang ◽  
Ming Zeng ◽  
Guang Yang ◽  
Yaoyu Huang ◽  
Buyun Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Hyperparathyroidism ◽  
Calcium Supplementation ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Serum Phosphate ◽  
Tumoral Calcinosis ◽  
Group A ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Group B ◽  
Effective Group

Abstract Background Tumoral calcinosis (TC) is a rare disease derived from uremic secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT). However, parathyroidectomy (PTX) seems to be ineffective at relieving TC in some patients. In this study, we investigated the relationship between PTX and TC shrinkage. Methods We retrospectively followed up nine TC patients who underwent PTX, dividing them into two groups: those with TC size reduced by > 80% were in the “effective group” (group A), and the rest in the “ineffective group” (group B). Results We enrolled nine patients (7 men; mean age 38.6 ± 10.9 years) with SHPT-related TC. One patient with calciphylaxis was excluded due to sudden death. The efficiency of PTX in causing TC regression was 62.5% (5 patients in group A). Group A had a shorter overall duration of TC (6 [5.5, 6.0] vs. 9 [8.0, 10.0] months; P = 0.02) and higher serum levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP; 408.0 [217.9, 1101.7] vs. 90.8 [71.0, 102.1] pg/ml; P = 0.03) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP; 82.7 [55.0, 112.4] vs. 3.1 [3.1, 4.5] mg/l; P = 0.02). Average calcium supplementation within 1 week of surgery was significantly greater in group A than in group B (96.8 [64.1, 105.3] vs. 20.1 [13.1, 32.7] g; P = 0.04). Patients in both the groups demonstrated similar serum phosphate levels before PTX, but these levels were higher in group B than in group A at follow-up times (3 months, P = 0.03; 6 months, P = 0.03). Conclusions The shorter duration of pre-existing TC and higher ALP levels before PTX, as well as lower serum phosphate levels after PTX, were correlated with effective SHPT-TC shrinkage.

scholarly journals The Association Between S100A8/A9 and the Development of Very Late Stent Thrombosis in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 107602962094329
Author(s):  
Xiang Wang ◽  
Meng Guan ◽  
Xiuhang Zhang ◽  
Taiyuan Ma ◽  
Muli Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Stent Thrombosis ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Coronary Intervention ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Late Stent Thrombosis ◽  
Very Late Stent Thrombosis ◽  
Hs Crp

Very late stent thrombosis (VLST) is a rare but serious complication following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). S100A8/A9 plays an important role in thrombosis through modulating the inflammatory response. This observational study aimed to reveal the association between S100A8/A9 and VLST. Continuous blood samples were collected from patients at both the time of index PCI for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and the time of PCI for VLST (VLST group) or follow-up coronary angiography (AMI group). In all, 56 patients were selected in each group from a cohort of 8476 patients and other 112 individuals who underwent health checkups (normal control [NC] group) were selected as controls. Serum levels of S100A8/A9 and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were tested and compared. The mean level of S100A8/A9 was 3754.4 ± 1688.9 ng/mL during index PCI and increased to 5517.8 ± 2650.9 ng/mL at the time of VLST; in the AMI group, S100A8/A9 level was 2434.9 ± 1243.4 ng/mL during index PCI and decreased to 1568.2 ± 772.1 ng/mL during follow-up, similar to that detected in the NC group (1618.2 ± 641.4 ng/mL). Of note, S100A8/A9 levels showed significant increases during VLST when compared to its own levels during index PCI, which was different from the changes of hs-CRP. Higher serum levels of S100A8/A9 are associated with the development of VLST.

Flow Cytometry Detection of Platelet Procoagulant Activity and Microparticles in Patients with Unstable Angina Treated by Percutaneous Coronary Angioplasty and Stent Implantation

2001 ◽  
Vol 86 (09) ◽  
pp. 784-790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Vidal ◽  
Christian Spaulding ◽  
Françoise Picard ◽  
Frédéric Schaison ◽  
Josiane Melle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Platelet Activation ◽  
Stent Implantation ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Coronary Angioplasty ◽  
Annexin V ◽  
Percutaneous Coronary Angioplasty ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Percutaneous Coronary ◽  
Whole Blood Samples

SummaryPlatelet activation is known to participate to the pathogenesis of acute coronary syndromes. Aminophospholipid exposure and micro-particles shedding are hallmarks of full platelet activation and may account for the dissemination of prothrombotic seats. Using flow cytometry analysis of annexin V binding to externalized aminophospholipids, we followed platelet procoagulant activity (PPA) and platelet microparticles (PMP) shedding in venous and coronary whole blood samples from 30 patients with unstable angina before and after percutaneous coronary angioplasty (PTCA) and stent implantation. Baseline values of PPA and PMP were significantly more elevated in patients than in control subjects (p <0.005). PMP percentage was significantly higher in coronary than in venous blood, and in coronary blood of patients with proximal instead of mid/distal lesions of coronary arteries. No enhancement of platelet reactivity to TRAP and collagen was induced by procedure. Whereas activated GpIIb-IIIa and P-selectin expression decreased 24 h and 48 h after procedure, PPA and PMP remained as elevated as before. Thus, flow cytometry is a reliable method for detection of fully activated platelets in whole blood samples. Annexin V binding analysis demonstrates the persistance of in vivo platelet activation, despite the use of antiaggregating agents.

scholarly journals Sample Preparation as a Critical Aspect of Blood Platelet Mitochondrial Respiration Measurements—The Impact of Platelet Activation on Mitochondrial Respiration

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (17) ◽  
pp. 9332
Author(s):  
Karolina Siewiera ◽  
Magdalena Labieniec-Watala ◽  
Nina Wolska ◽  
Hassan Kassassir ◽  
Cezary Watala
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Activation ◽  
Mitochondrial Respiration ◽  
Blood Platelets ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Blood Platelet ◽  
High Electron ◽  
Activation Markers ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Electron Transfer Capacity

Blood platelets are considered as promising candidates as easily-accessible biomarkers of mitochondrial functioning. However, their high sensitivity to various stimulus types may potentially affect mitochondrial respiration and lead to artefactual outcomes. Therefore, it is crucial to identify the factors associated with platelet preparation that may lead to changes in mitochondrial respiration. A combination of flow cytometry and advanced respirometry was used to examine the effect of blood anticoagulants, the media used to suspend isolated platelets, respiration buffers, storage time and ADP stimulation on platelet activation and platelet mitochondria respiration. Our results clearly show that all the mentioned factors can affect platelet mitochondrial respiration. Briefly, (i) the use of EDTA as anticoagulant led to a significant increase in the dissipative component of respiration (LEAK), (ii) the use of plasma for the suspension of isolated platelets with MiR05 as a respiration buffer allows high electron transfer capacity and low platelet activation, and (iii) ADP stimulation increases physiological coupling respiration (ROUTINE). Significant associations were observed between platelet activation markers and mitochondrial respiration at different preparation steps; however, the fact that these relationships were not always apparent suggests that the method of platelet preparation may have a greater impact on mitochondrial respiration than the platelet activation itself.

scholarly journals Effects of High Loading Dose of Clopidogrel in ST Elevated Myocardial Infarction Treated with Fibrinolytic Agent

2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hatice Solmaz ◽  
Mehmet Akbulut ◽  
Hasan Korkmaz ◽  
Mustafa F Yavuzkir ◽  
Oğuz K Kaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Fibrinolytic Therapy ◽  
Loading Dose ◽  
Cardiology Clinic ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Group 1

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of different loading doses of clopidogrel on ST segment resolution on ECG, changes in cardiac enzyme levels and serum levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP) in patients with ST elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI) treated with fibrinolytic therapy. Methods: Patients admitted to our cardiology clinic with a diagnosis of STEMI and treated with fibrinolytic therapy were included: Group 1 (n=58) received a 300 mg loading dose of clopidogrel, Group 2 (n=55) a 450 mg loading dose and Group 3 (n=59) a 600 mg loading dose. A 75 mg/d maintanence dose of clopidogrel was given in all groups. Results: All demographic characteristics and baseline laboratory parameters were statistically similar among three groups (p > 0.05). When ST resolution periods were compared, most patients in Group 3 had ST resolution at 30 minutes; Group 2 at 60 minutes and Group 1 at 90 minutes (p < 0.05). Peak levels of creatine kinase (CK) and CK-MB were as follows: Group 3, 8th hour, Group 1 and 2, 12th hour. Peak levels of those enzymes were significantly lower in Group 3 than in Group 1 and 2 ( < 0.05). Although basal hs-CRP levels of all groups were similar, the increase in hs-CRP levels at 48 hours was lower with higher clopidogrel loading doses (p < 0.05). Conclusion: In this study comparing three different clopidogrel loading doses, the higher doses provided earlier ECG resolution, earlier and lower peak CK and CK-MB levels and lower levels of hs-CRP.

scholarly journals Annexin V as a probe of aminophospholipid exposure and platelet membrane vesiculation: a flow cytometry study showing a role for free sulfhydryl groups

Blood ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 81 (10) ◽  
pp. 2554-2565 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Dachary-Prigent ◽  
JM Freyssinet ◽  
JM Pasquet ◽  
JC Carron ◽  
AT Nurden
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Platelet Activation ◽  
Annexin V ◽  
Cytoskeletal Proteins ◽  
Procoagulant Activity ◽  
Ionophore A23187 ◽  
Calpain Activity ◽  
Platelet Surface ◽  
Reactive Agents ◽  
Platelet Secretion

Annexin V, a protein with a high affinity and a strict specificity for aminophospholipids at physiologic calcium concentrations, was used to probe platelet activation and the development of procoagulant activity. Platelet secretion was studied in parallel using VH10, a murine monoclonal antibody specific for GMP-140, an alpha-granule membrane glycoprotein. Both proteins were labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate and platelet activation was assessed by flow cytometry. Microparticles, which are shed from the platelet surface and also support procoagulant activity, were distinguished from platelets according to their associated light scattering signal. The relative ability of different inducers to trigger exposure of the procoagulant surface and microparticle formation was: ionophore A23187 = thrombin plus collagen = collagen = thrombin. The density of aminophospholipid on microparticles was higher than on remnant platelets. Platelet activation by these agonists was accompanied by GMP-140 exposure, both on platelets and microparticles. Here, thrombin was the most efficient agonist. The mechanisms responsible for the above processes were investigated using E-64-d, a specific membrane-permeable inhibitor of Ca(2+)-activated protease (calpain); tetracaine, an activator of calpain; and N-ethylmaleimide and diamide, two sulfhydryl-reactive agents. These agents were added to platelets alone or before stimulation by agonists. Calpain activity was assessed by the hydrolysis of cytoskeletal proteins as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Results showed that calpain activity is not essential for aminophospholipid translocation or for secretion. In contrast, although sulfhydryl-reactive agents alone can trigger procoagulant activity, they inhibit microvesicle formation and platelet secretion induced by the above agonists, suggesting that different mechanisms account for these phenomena. The use of annexin V in flow cytometry is a rapid method to assess procoagulant activity in platelets and the loss of phospholipid asymmetry in cell membranes.

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