scholarly journals Peanut Seed Vigor Evaluation Using a Thermal Gradient

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy L. Grey ◽  
John P. Beasley ◽  
Theodore M. Webster ◽  
Charles Y. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Growth Curve ◽  
Thermal Gradient ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Logistic Growth ◽  
Peanut Seed ◽  
High Maximum ◽  
Two Indices

Experiments conducted from 2007 to 2009 evaluated germination of 11 peanut runner-type cultivars. Germination was evaluated in Petridishes incubated over a thermal gradient ranging from 14 to 30°C at 1.0 C increments. Beginning 24 hr after seeding, peanut was counted as germinated when radicles were greater than 5 mm long, with removal each day. Germination was counted daily for seven days after seeding. Growing-degree day (GDD) accumulation for each temperature increment was calculated based on daily mean temperature for that Petri dish. Two indices were obtained from a logistic growth curve used to elucidate seed germination by cultivar: (1) maximum indices of germination and (2) GDD value at 80% germination (Germ80), an indication of seed vigor the lower the Germ80value, the greater the seed lot vigor. Based on the two indices, seed lots “AT 3081R”, “AP-3”, “GA-06G”, and “Carver” had the strongest seed vigor (Germ8026 to 47 GDD) and a high maximum incidence of germination rate (80 to 94%). Seed lots of “C99-R”, “Georgia-01R”, “Georgia-02C”, and “Georgia-03L” had inconsistent seed performance, failing to achieve 80% germination in at least two of three years.

scholarly journals Effect of Oak Tree Sawdust Fermentation Period on Peanut Seed Germination, Seedling Biomass, and Morphology

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 182
Author(s):  
Junsik Ahn ◽  
Soyeon Oh ◽  
Yang Joo Kang ◽  
KiBum Kim ◽  
Sung-Kwon Moon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Peanut Seed ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Vigor Index ◽  
Seedling Biomass ◽  
Oak Tree ◽  
Fermentation Period ◽  
Seedling Characteristics

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) seeds were germinated to investigate the effect of the fermentation period of oak tree sawdust on germination viability and seedling characteristics. Its germination rate, seedling weight, length, and total vigor index were assessed. The seeds were sown in oak tree sawdust fermented for 0, 30, 45, and 60 days. The germination rates of the seeds in fermented sawdust were significantly different. The seeds in the 45-day fermented sawdust produced the heaviest biomass weight (4.6 g) with the longest true leaf (1.7 cm) and hypocotyl (3.4 cm) resulting in the highest total vigor index (925.8). In contrast, seeds in 0-day fermented sawdust had the lowest total vigor index (18.3). Microbiome analysis showed that the microbial community in the sawdust changed as the fermentation progressed, indicating that the microbial community seems to affect seed germination physiology. Taken together, 45-day fermented sawdust is recommended for optimal peanut seed germination and seedling growth.

scholarly journals Effects of Matric and Osmotic Priming Treatments on Broccoli Seed Germination

1996 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewis W. Jett ◽  
Gregory E. Welbaum ◽  
Ronald D. Morse
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Radicle Emergence ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Peg 8000

Priming, a controlled-hydration treatment followed by redrying, improves the germination and emergence of seeds from many species. We compared osmotic and matric priming to determine which was the most effective treatment for improving broccoli seed germination and to gain a greater understanding of how seed vigor is enhanced by priming. Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica) seeds were osmotically primed in polyethylene glycol (PEG 8000) at -1.1 MPa or matrically primed in a ratio of 1.0 g seed:0.8 g synthetic calcium silicate (Micro-Cel E):1.8 ml water at -1.2 MPa. In the laboratory, germination rates and root lengths were recorded from 5 to 42C and 10 to 35C, respectively. Broccoli seeds germinated poorly at >35C. Root growth after germination was more sensitive to temperatures >30C and <15C than radicle emergence. Matric and osmotic priming increased germination rate in the laboratory, greenhouse, and field. However, matric priming had a greater effect on germination and root growth rates from 15 to 30C. Neither priming treatment affected minimum or maximum germination or root growth temperatures. Both priming treatments decreased the mean thermal time for germination by >35%. The greater germination performance of matrically primed seeds was most likely the result of increased oxygen availability during priming, increased seed Ca content, or improved membrane integrity.

scholarly journals Physiological potential of seeds and morphological characterization of Campomanesia adamantium seedlings

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Érica Fernandes Leão-Araújo ◽  
Eli Regina Barboza de Souza ◽  
Nei Peixoto ◽  
Francisco Guilhien Gomes-Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Fruit Species ◽  
Efficient Management ◽  
Physiological Tests

Abstract The cultivation of native fruit species depends on the existence of consistent technical and scientific information on the germination and vigor of seeds for efficient management by seedling producers. The evaluation of the physiological potential of seeds is performed through germination and vigor tests, which must be standardized to ensure the generation of accurate information. For Campomanesia adamantium, information on parameters for conducting physiological tests is scarce. The aims of this work were (i) to evaluate the effect of temperature and seed positioning on the substrate for seed germination and vigor, and (ii) to characterize and describe the essential structures and main types of seedling abnormality. After harvest, fruits were pulped and, after seed extraction, germination tests were carried out for 42 days at three temperatures (20, 25 and 30 °C), with seeds positioned in the germination substrate in two ways (between paper and on paper). Seed vigor was evaluated by means of the first germination count (performed on the 20th day) and the germination rate index. The temperature and substrate interaction did not influence variables under study. The position of seeds on the substrate did not influence the physiological potential results. No differences were observed between seed germination temperatures; however, seeds submitted to germination at 25 °C showed higher vigor compared to the other temperatures. Germination and vigor tests, based on seedling performance, should be performed at constant temperature of 25 °C and seed positioning between paper and on paper may be used. Germination in C. adamantium was characterized as epigeal.

Allelopathy and Preliminary Separation of Allelopathic Substance in the Extracts of Wheat Seed Germination

2012 ◽  
Vol 468-471 ◽  
pp. 565-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Wen Bai ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Bo Tao ◽  
Chun Hong Teng
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Wheat Seed ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Chloroform Phase ◽  
Allelopathic Effects ◽  
Allelopathic Substance

One variety of durum wheat (Triticum durum L.), ‘Longfu 30’, was choosen to study the allelopathic effects of seed germination extracts on other plants. The allelopathic effects of different polarity extracts were measured in terms of germination rate and germination speed on a test cucumber variety ‘Jinyou No.2’ (Cucumis sativus L.), and the allelopathic substance in chloroform extract was preliminarily separated with HSCCC and determined by GC-MS. The results showed that the allelopathy of wheat seed germination extracts varied with the polarity of solvent, and the substance in chloroform phase was the most active and showed a significantly inhibitory effect on seed germination of cucumber by 80.7% under Petri dish culture. The major allelopathic substance in wheat seed germination extracts were phenol, amine, piperazine, alcohols, esters and ketones.

scholarly journals SETTINGS OF TEMPERATURE AND TIME SAVING ON SEED GERMINATION OF Magnolia champaca (L.) Baill. ex Pierre

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Odetta Maudy Nuradinda ◽  
Sri Pertiwi Estuningsih ◽  
Harmida Harmida
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Temperature Treatment ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Vigor Index ◽  
Germination Vigor ◽  
Physiology Laboratory

Setting storage space temperature and time saving becomes an important application in supporting the development of plantations to provide seeds as needed and sustainable. The purpose of this research is to delay the rapid of seed germination in Magnolia champaca by assessing the effect of various suspend temperatures and times saving on seed germination of Magnolia camphaca . The research was conducted in Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sriwijaya University in February until June 2016. The method was used completely randomized design pattern Factorial by 3 factors with 12 treatments and 3 replications with the temperature: temperature ± 31°C, temperature ± 25 °C, temperature ± 18 °C, temperature ± 4 °C and the retention of time 0 week, 2 weeks , 4 weeks and 6 weeks. The parameters include the observation of germination rate, germination, vigor index and sprout morphology. The results of the research the treatment of interaction of temperature and time saving significantly affected on germination rate, germination and seed vigor index of Magnolia champaca. Germination speed, germination and vigor index were both produced by the treatment of storage at a temperature of ± 18 °C and a temperature of ± 25 °C at all times to keep (2 weeks, 4 weeks, 6 weeks) compared to control treatment. A normal sprout produced in temperature treatment ± 18 °C and ± 25 °C temperature ranges between 90-93%. An abnormal sprout produced in control treatment (0 week) by 25%. Measurement of moisture content and physiological maturity level of Magnolia champaca seed needs to be done before it is stored and germinated to test the viability of seeds of sprouts.

scholarly journals ​Influence of Temperature and Salinity Stress on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Soybean (Glycine max L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Çirka ◽  
Ali Rahmi Kaya ◽  
Tamer Eryiğit
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Salt Level ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Lower Temperature

Background: The high salt level of a germinating environment can lead to reduced, delayed, and even complete inhibition of germination and seeding growth due to osmotic action and/or ion toxicity. Based on this viewpoint, the aim of this study was to investigate germination temperature and salinity effects on germination and early seedling growth of soybean, which can be sown as first and second crops. Methods: Soybean seeds were subjected to NaCl induced saline germinating media prepared in petri dishes under two different germination temperatures (20±2 and 25±2oC). Thirty sterilized seeds per petri dish were sown in ten salt treatments (0, 100, 150, 250, 750, 1000, 2250, 5000, 7500 and 10000 ppm NaCl L-1). The study was carried out according to the completely randomized design with four replications. Result: Lower temperature promoted seed germination, while the high temperature significantly inhibited the seed germination at all NaCl doses tested. As a result, 25oC temperatures, which can only be measured at the time of the second sowing, have been found to negatively affect germination and also increase the negative effects of salt. Due to the moderate tolerance of soybeans to salt stress, the germination rate was positively affected up to 750 ppm NaCl L-1 dose and resulted in severe reductions in subsequent doses. Also, the tolerance of soybean was negatively influenced by the interaction of temperature and NaCl concentration.

scholarly journals Effects of Temperature on Seed Germination of Invasive Plant Rorippa amphbia (L.) Besser

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Yufeng Xu ◽  
Miao Liu ◽  
Yuanhao Lv ◽  
Qiuli Wang ◽  
Bo Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Liaoning Province ◽  
Germination Index ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Germination Potential

Aims: Global warming and biological invasion are major environmental issues faced in the world. In the study, Rorippa amphibia, a perennial invasive clone plant in northern China, was used as a material to study the germination characteristics of the seeds at different temperatures. Study Design: Germination test of R. amphibia seeds at different temperature was studied by means of laboratory culture. The germination percentage, germination index, germination potential, bud height and root length of the seeds were determined. Place and Duration of Study: Samples were collected from the west side of the swimming pool of Shenyang Agricultural University of Liaoning Province in August 2017. Experiments were done in the College of Biological Science and Technology, between October 2017 and June 2018. Methodology: The petri dish method was used in the experiment. Fifty seeds were randomly selected and soaked in distilled water for 12h. The seeds were placed in a petri dish covered with double filter paper, cultured at 10℃, 15℃, 20℃, 25℃, 30℃, 35℃ and 40℃ in light incubators for 12h darkness and 12h light (4000lux), with 3 repeats per processing. Seed germination was based on embryo root breakthrough seed coat ≥ 1 mm. During the experiment, the numbers of seed germination were recorded every day, and the filter paper was kept moist until there was no new seed germination for 2 consecutive days, which was regarded as the end of germination. The numbers of seed germination should be counted regularly every day, and the beginning and duration of germination should be recorded. The germination rate, daily germination rate, germinating potential, germinating index and vigor index of R. amphibia seeds at different temperature were calculated by measuring bud height and radicle length on the 10th day after germination. Results: The temperature range of seed germination of R. amphibia was wide, which could germinate at 15 - 40℃. Lower temperature delayed the peak period of seed germination at some extent and the germination rates of R. amphibia peak at 30 - 35℃, which were 44.67% and 50% respectively. At 35℃, germination potential and germination index were 25.33% and 29.46, reaching the maximum value. Conclusion: The reason for the wide temperature range of seed germination and the low germination rate might be the candidate method for clonal plant population establishment in temperate zone. The higher germination rate of high temperature condition suggested that clone invasive plants in temperate regions were more invasive during global warming.

scholarly journals The Effect of Osmopriming on Seed Germination and Early Seedling Characteristics of Carum carvi L.

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Iman Mirmazloum ◽  
Attila Kiss ◽  
Éva Erdélyi ◽  
Márta Ladányi ◽  
Éva Zámboriné Németh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Carum Carvi ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Seedling Characteristics

Two experiments (in Petri dishes and in soil) were conducted to investigate the effects of osmopriming on seed germination and the early seedling characteristics of caraway (Carum carvi L. var. annua). The priming treatments in the Petri dish experiment were: polyethylene glycol (5%, 10% and 20%), KNO3 (0.5%, 1% and 2%) and KCL (1%, 2% and 4%) with three different soaking times (12, 24 and 36 h) along with control (non-primed seeds). Only polyethylene glycol and H2O were applied in the cell tray experiment, which were then compared with the non-primed seeds. In the Petri dish experiment, all three priming reagents significantly enhanced seedling length, with the most effective treatments being 5% PEG, 2% KNO3 and 1% KCL for 12 h. The plumule dry weights were also increased significantly after PEG (20% for 36 h), KNO3 (2% for 24 and 36 h) and KCL (1% for 12 h) treatments in comparison with the control. In the soil experiment, osmopriming with PEG significantly improved the germination rate (GR) and percentage, the plumule dry and fresh weights and the plumule length of caraway seedlings when compared with the control. A 23% higher germination percentage was recorded for the seeds treated with 5% PEG for 24 h as compared with the non-primed seeds. The PEG-primed seeds produced significantly longer seedlings when treated with 5% PEG for 24 h. All of the applied PEG treatments significantly enhanced the plumule fresh and dry weights, with the best outcomes being after 5% PEG (24 h) and 10% PEG (36 h) treatments, respectively. The 12-h hydro-priming also significantly enhanced all of the studied germination parameters when compared to the control. The results of the presented experiments show the significant positive effects of seed priming on caraway germination and how early seedling performance can easily be adopted by producers.

scholarly journals Seed Germination and Storage of the Endangered Species Manglietia crassipes Y. W. Law (Magnoliaceae)

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Ai-Hua Wang ◽  
Xiao-Ling Yu ◽  
Yan-Yan Liu ◽  
Shu-Gang Chen ◽  
Fa-Guo Wang
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Endangered Species ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Critically Endangered Species ◽  
Germination Characteristics

Manglietia crassipes, a critically endangered species narrowly distributed on Mount Dayao in Guangxi, China, is also a species of ornamental interest whose variability has not been explored. Key factors leading to its endangerment have also not been studied. Here, two experiments were conducted to test the effects of different plant growth regulators and different storage conditions on germination characteristics of M. crassipes seeds. Fruit morphology was measured, and germination characteristics of fresh mature seeds were tested in order to assess natural seed vigor. Seeds were soaked in distilled water (control), or gibberellic acid (GA3), 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA) or indoleacetic acid (IAA) solutions of different concentrations, for 48 h to determine their effects on seed germination. In addition, the effects of different seed storage conditions (constant 4 °C, −7 °C, −20 °C, or 25 °C for 100 days, wet stratification at 4 °C for 100 days) on seed germination were investigated. Results showed that the abortive rate of the mature fruits was high (28.9%) and fresh natural seeds had a low germination rate (G) and germination index (GI). Seed germination was inhibited with 6-BA at all concentrations, but only at less than 100 m·L−1 IAA; otherwise, IAA slightly promoted seed germination. GA3 broke seed dormancy and significantly accelerated seed germination by improving G, GI and initial germination time (IGT), especially over 2500 mg·L−1. The viability of seeds declined no matter how they were stored. However, 4 °C wet stratification storage was preferable for seed vigor and germination power. Our results suggest that the high abortive rate of fruits, low germination of the natural seed, seed dormancy and its intolerance to storage, contributed to the endangerment of M. crassipes. GA3 can break M. crassipes seed dormancy, which can be a benefit for future ornamental breeding and further protection or conservation.

scholarly journals FEATURES SEED REPRODUCTION OF HEDYSARUM GRANDIFLORUM PALL. EX SITU AND IN VITRO

2020 ◽  
pp. 286-293
Author(s):  
N. A. Suprun ◽  
◽  
E. V. Malaeva ◽  
S. A. Shumikhin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Optimal Temperature ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Seed Reproduction ◽  
Optimal Mode

Hedysarum grandiflorum samples were collected from 7 natural populations of the Volgograd, Samara and Lugansk People's Republic and the features of seed reproduction were studied under ex situ and in vitro conditions. The optimal temperature for seed germination and the dependence of germination and seed vigor on the storage were revealed. We observed the maximum germination rate in the scarified seeds of H. grandiflorum of 2018 collection and it was equal to 70%.It was found that the seed germina-tion and seed vigor are low and quickly decrease with years of storage, while their scarification allows to increase these indicators. It is noted that the relatively low germination of the studied seeds is leveled by the rather high productivity of species in general. The optimal mode of sterilization of H. grandiflorum seeds was experimentally determined - 10% Lysofornin® 3000 solution for 5 minutes. The percentage of sterile seedlings was 60%.

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