scholarly journals Wear Behaviour of Eutectic Al-Si Alloy-Graphite Composites Fabricated by Combined Modified Two-Stage Stir Casting and Squeeze Casting Methods

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Shanmughasundaram ◽  
R. Subramanian
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Stir Casting ◽  
Constant Load ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Dry Sliding Wear ◽  
Sliding Velocity ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Pin On Disc ◽  
Graphite Composites

Dry sliding wear behaviour of eutectic Al-Si alloy-graphite composites was investigated employing a pin-on-disc wear test rig. Results revealed that the wear and friction coefficients decreased linearly with increasing weight percentage of graphite particles. Wear resistance of the composite increased considerably with increasing sliding velocity at constant load. In contrast, the friction coefficient of Al-7.5 wt.% Gr composite increased when the sliding velocity was increased from 1 m/s to 2 m/s at 49 N. Worn-out surfaces of wear specimens after the test were examined by scanning electron microscopy to study the morphology of worn surfaces. EDS analysis was carried out to investigate the influence of mechanically mixed layer (MML) which comprises oxides and iron, and this acted as an effective tribolayer in enhancing the wear resistance at higher sliding velocity.

Influence of Porosity and Alloy addition on the Wear behaviour of a Sinter-Forged C45 Steel using Taguchi Method

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
NAVEEN EASWARAN ◽  
Shanmugam Ramasamy ◽  
Roshan Nagarajan ◽  
Ramanan Nandagopal ◽  
Sripada Ragavendra Keshava Narasimha
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Mass Loss ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Theoretical Density ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Dry Sliding Wear ◽  
Input Parameters ◽  
Alloy Addition ◽  
Pin On Disc ◽  
Alloy Steels

Elemental powders of Atomized Iron (Fe), Carbon (C) and Molybdenum (Mo) were weighed and mixed in a pot mill to yield the composition of C45, C45-1%Mo and C45-2%Mo Steels, then compacted and sintered. The Sintered preforms had a density- 75% of the Theoretical Density. Then the Sintered preforms were subjected to densification to get two densities- 80% and 85% of the theoretical density through Forging. The sintered and densified preforms of alloy steels were subsequently machined to get the required wear test specimens.The experiments were conducted on a Pin-on-disc Tribometer, conforming to ASTM G99 standards, on a rotating EN32 disc. Using Minitab 16 software, the Dry Sliding wear experiments were planned using L27 Orthogonal Array.The % Theoretical Density of the Specimens (1-%Porosity), % Mo Addition, Load and Sliding Velocity were taken as input parameters, mass loss was the output parameter. It was observed that the increasing density of alloy steels adversely affects the wear resistance of the alloy steels and mass loss is increased. It was found that the addition of Mo significantly improves the wear resistance of the alloy steels irrespective of the densities .Empirical correlations for mass loss with respect to input parameters had been developed.

Effect of particle size on mechanical properties and tribological behaviour of aluminium/fly ash composites

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishnan Ravi Kumar ◽  
Kothavady Mylsamy Mohanasundaram ◽  
Ganesan Arumaikkannu ◽  
Ramanathan Subramanian
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Dry Sliding Wear ◽  
Tribological Behaviour ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Pin On Disc

AbstractIn the present study, aluminium alloy (A380) composites containing 3, 6, 9 and 12 weight percentage of fly ash particles were fabricated by liquid metallurgy technique. Three different size ranges of fly ash particles (50–75 μm, 75–103 μm and 103–150 μm) were used. The composites were evaluated for hardness, tensile strength, density, dry sliding wear and frictional behaviour. Pin-on disc apparatus was used to conduct wear tests at loads of 20, 30 and 40 N at a sliding speed of 3 m/s for a constant period of 10 min. Results showed that hardness, ultimate tensile strength, wear resistance and coefficient of friction were superior in composites reinforced with coarse fly ash particles (103–150 μm) compared to composites with fine particles. The hardness, ultimate tensile strength and wear resistance increased, whereas the coefficient of friction and density decreased with the increase in weight percentage of fly ash. Wear resistance and coefficient of friction decreased with increase in applied load. Scanning electron microscope investigations of worn-out samples were carried out to study the progress of wear.

The role of ceramic particle loading and the influence of hot extrusion on the tribological behaviour of aluminium alloy-SiCp composites

2020 ◽  
pp. 002199832095740
Author(s):  
S Dhanalakshmi ◽  
K ShanmugaSundaram ◽  
TR Tamilarasan ◽  
R Rajendran
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Base Alloy ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Hot Extrusion ◽  
Stir Casting ◽  
Ceramic Particle ◽  
Constant Load ◽  
Tribological Behaviour ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
Electron Microscopes

Aluminium matrix composites (AMC) are gaining wide popularity in various sectors due to their excellent properties which are synergic. Apart from strength, wear resistance of a material is also an essential criterion for the number of applications. Extensive studies are being carried out on the secondary processing of these materials to enhance the suitability of the AMC for engineering applications. In this study, initially, Al 2014 base alloy and their composites with 5, 10, and 15 wt.% SiCp fabricated by stir casting route were subjected to wear test. Based on the encouraging wear performance, the Al-10 wt.% SiC composite was further subjected to extrusion. Pin-on-disc sliding wear tests on the as-cast & extruded base alloy and the composite samples were carried out at a constant load of 20 N for a total sliding distance of 1000 m with a velocity of 2 m/s. Microhardness and porosity measurements were carried out besides the study of wear performance, such as coefficient of friction and wear by weight loss. The worn surfaces were analyzed both by optical and scanning electron microscopes. The effect of particle addition, extrusion, porosity, and microhardness on the wear performance of the samples was discussed. Among the samples studied, the Al-10 wt.% SiC composite extruded at a ratio of 8:1 is found to have the highest wear resistance.

DRY SLIDING WEAR BEHAVIOR OPTIMIZATION OF STIR CAST LM6/ZrO2 COMPOSITES BY RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY ANALYSIS

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Karthikeyan ◽  
G.R. Jinu
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Stir Casting ◽  
Dry Sliding Wear ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
The Mathematical Model

LM6 was reinforced with various percentages of ZrO2 particles by using stir casting method. The prepared samples were subjected to tensile and wear test at variable loads by using a pin-on-disc wear tester. The curve fitting technique was used to develop the respective linear, logarithmic, polynomial, power law equations. The wear worn surface and surface roughness of the specimen were studied. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used to minimize the number of experimental conditions and develop the mathematical model between the key process parameters namely weight percentage of ZrO2, load and sliding distance. Analysis of Variance technique was applied to check the validity of the developed model. The mathematical model developed for the specific wear rate was predicted at 99% confidence level and some useful conclusions were made.

scholarly journals Investigation of Wear Behaviour of Al6061 reinforcement with TiC and MoS2

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
S. Rajesh ◽  
C. Velmurugan
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Aluminum Matrix ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Stir Casting ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Dry Sliding Wear ◽  
Specific Strength ◽  
Main Challenge

Metal matrix composite (MMC) focuses primarily on improved specific strength, high temperature and wear resistance application. Aluminum matrix reinforced with titanium carbide and molybdenum disulfide has good potential and also self-lubrication. The main challenge is to produce this composite in a cost effective way to meet the above requirements. In this study Al–TiC-MoS2 castings with different volume fraction of TiC and MoS2 were produced in an argon atmosphere by an enhanced stir casting method. Hardness of the composite has increased with higher % of TiC addition. At that same time self-lubrication of composite has occur in the effort of MoS2. Dry sliding wear behavior of AMC was analyses with the help of a pin on disc wear and friction monitor. The present analyses reveal the improved hardness  as well as wear resistance.

Effect of Aluminum Nitride (AlN) Addition on Wear and Mechanical Properties of Al-Si Alloy Composites Fabricated by Stir Casting Process

2011 ◽  
Vol 462-463 ◽  
pp. 307-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahamad Noor Wahab ◽  
Mariyam Jameelah Ghazali ◽  
Abdul Razak Daud
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Great Improvement ◽  
Casting Process ◽  
Stir Casting ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
Ductile Fractures ◽  
Metallic Compounds

The effect of AlN addition in Al-Si alloy composites on the mechanical properties and dry wear behaviour were studied using pre-selected parameter conditions. In this work, high purity of AlN powders with different weight percentage of 5, 7 and 10 were used as reinforced materials for the composites. Morphology of the reinforced composite indicated that both silicon grains and inter-metallic compounds were surrounded by the AlN particles. The presence of AlN in the Al-Si alloy showed a significant improvement in tensile properties in which 7wt% of AlN addition increased up to 25% compared to those of without any reinforcements. Fracture morphologies with small dimples, tear ridges and necking features indicated that ductile fractures had occurred on the Al-Si composites. At 25N load, alloys with 5wt% of AlN exhibited high wear resistances whereas at 70N, alloys with 10wt% of AlN showed a great improvement in wear resistance. SEM investigation also revealed that the presence of wear was also marked with prominent grooves, craters and scoring marks. Overall, alloys with 7wt% AlN addition possessed great improvement in hardness, tensile and wear resistance properties.

scholarly journals Optimization of Wear Behavior of Al 5456 Alloy/TiB2 Composite using ANOVA and TAGUCHI Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S11) ◽  
pp. 3110-3113
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Taguchi Method ◽  
Software Package ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Stir Casting ◽  
Sliding Velocity ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Casting Technique ◽  
Pin On Disc ◽  
Composite Samples

In this present study, wear behavior of Al 5456 Alloy reinforced with 0,3 and 6 wt %TiB2 were investigated by ANOVA and Taguchi’s (L9 ) method. The composite samples were prepared by stir casting technique. Wear experiment was carried out by pin on disc apparatus under the different parameters of loads (10N, 20N and 30N), sliding velocity (2,4 and 6m/s) and time (10,15 and 20 min).This paper revealed that addition of Titanium diboride (TiB2 ) improves the wear resistance of Al5456 composite. The result showed that wear rate was decreased with increasing the weight percentage of TiB2 . ANOVA and Taguchi method results were tabulated in MINITAB-18 Software package to analyze the influence of individual parameters on the wear rate. Additionally, regression equation was also found the relation between input parameters and wear rate

Optimum Composition of Aluminium Hybrid Composites for Maximum Wear Resistance

2021 ◽  
Vol 319 ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
Kumar Prakash ◽  
Nilamber Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Taguchi Method ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Stir Casting ◽  
Constant Load ◽  
Quadratic Regression ◽  
Pin On Disc ◽  
Wear Tests

Taguchi method is applied to optimize the compositions of Al-Mg-Ti-Cu-SiC hybrid composites for maximum wear resistance. Wear tests are performed on a pin-on-disc machine under a constant load of 3 kg on specimens of above composites prepared using Taguchi L9 orthogonal array through stir casting route. Each test is conducted for 30 minutes at disc rotational speed of 600 rpm. The contribution of each constituent is evaluated using ANOVA. Linear and quadratic regression models are also developed. The predicted results by these models are very close to the experimental results. It is found that Taguchi method is very successful in the optimization of particulate reinforcements (Mg, Ti, Cu and SiC) in the composites for maximum wear resistance.

Wear Characteristics of Hybrid Al 6063 Matrix Composites Reinforced with Graphite and Fly Ash Particulates

2016 ◽  
Vol 854 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Manojkumar ◽  
R. Shanmuga Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Metal Matrix Composites ◽  
Metal Matrix ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Cylinder Liner ◽  
Stir Casting ◽  
Dry Sliding Wear ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Liner Material ◽  
Pin On Disc

As auto manufacturers strive to meet imposed fuel economy and emissions regulations while producing vehicles with the quality and features that consumer expect, the industry needs to rely on advancements made in the field of metal matrix composites. The efforts of combining or replacing metals with the use of advanced metal matrix composites (MMCs) not only reduce weight, but can also improve safety, reliability and efficiency. A hybrid MMC was developed for the cylinder liner of advanced diesel engines. Composites of Al-6063 aluminium alloy reinforced with, fly ash particulate containing 10% and graphite particulate containing 5, 10 and 15 % were produced by stir casting. The wear and frictional properties of the casted hybrid metal matrix composites were investigated by performing dry sliding wear test using a pin-on-disc wear tester. The investigation was done to find the influence of applied load, sliding speed and sliding distance on wear rate, as well as the coefficient of friction during wearing process. From the investigation, it is evident that wear resistance of Al-6063 is increased while adding the fly ash and graphite reinforcement content. The results were compared with the existing liner material. From this comparative study the Al-6063/fly ash/graphite hybrid metal matrix composite can be the considered as an alternative material for existing cylinder material.

The effect of CaF2 and BaF2 solid lubricants on wear resistance of laserborided 100CrMnSi6-4 bearing steel

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (86) ◽  
pp. 15-23
Author(s):  
A. Piasecki ◽  
M. Kotkowiak ◽  
M. Kulka
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Laser Beam ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Solid Lubricants ◽  
Bearing Steel ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Beam Power ◽  
Dry Sliding Wear ◽  
Laser Alloying ◽  
X Ray

Purpose: In this paper, laser alloying with boron and solid lubricants was used in order to produce the self-lubricating layer on 100CrMnSi6-4 bearing steel. The influence of CaF2 and BaF2 on microstructure, hardness, chemical and phase composition as well as wear resistance of the layers was studied. Design/methodology/approach: The two-step process was used during laser alloying. First, the surface of the specimen was coated by a paste with alloying material. The alloying material consisted of the mixture of amorphous boron and self-lubricating additions (CaF2 and BaF2). Next, the surface was re-melted by a laser beam using TRUMPF TLF 2600 Turbo CO2 laser. The laser beam power 1.43 kW was used for laser alloying. The layer was characterized using X-ray diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy, microhardness tester. The dry sliding wear behaviour of the layer was investigated using the Amsler type wear test. Findings: The tribofilm, consisting of solid lubricants, was observed on the worn surfaces of laser-alloyed layers. It caused an increase in the wear resistance at room temperature. The presence of calcium fluoride and barium fluoride was confirmed in laser-alloyed layers using XRD and X-ray microanalysis by EDS method. Practical implications: Laser surface modification with solid lubricants had the important cognitive significance and gives grounds to the practical employment of this technology for reducing the abrasive wear. Originality/value: The wear mechanism of surface layer with solid lubricants was determined. The produced layer with laser alloying layers of boron and solid lubricant (CaF2 or BaF2) was compared.

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