scholarly journals Cholesterol Assimilation byLactobacillusProbiotic Bacteria: AnIn VitroInvestigation

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Tomaro-Duchesneau ◽  
Mitchell L. Jones ◽  
Divya Shah ◽  
Poonam Jain ◽  
Shyamali Saha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Probiotic Bacteria ◽  
Bile Salt Hydrolase ◽  
Dietary Interventions ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
Therapeutic Measures ◽  
Pharmaceutical Agents

Excess cholesterol is associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD), an important cause of mortality worldwide. Current CVD therapeutic measures, lifestyle and dietary interventions, and pharmaceutical agents for regulating cholesterol levels are inadequate. Probiotic bacteria have demonstrated potential to lower cholesterol levels by different mechanisms, including bile salt hydrolase activity, production of compounds that inhibit enzymes such as 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A, and cholesterol assimilation. This work investigates 11Lactobacillusstrains for cholesterol assimilation. Probiotic strains for investigation were selected from the literature:Lactobacillus reuteriNCIMB 11951,L. reuteriNCIMB 701359,L. reuteriNCIMB 702655,L. reuteriNCIMB 701089,L. reuteriNCIMB 702656,Lactobacillus fermentumNCIMB 5221,L. fermentumNCIMB 8829,L. fermentumNCIMB 2797,Lactobacillus rhamnosusATCC 53103 GG,Lactobacillus acidophilusATCC 314, andLactobacillus plantarumATCC 14917. Cholesterol assimilation was investigated in culture media and under simulated intestinal conditions. The best cholesterol assimilator wasL. plantarumATCC 14917 (15.18 ± 0.55 mg/1010 cfu) in MRS broth.L. reuteriNCIMB 701089 assimilated over 67% (2254.70 ± 63.33 mg/1010 cfu) of cholesterol, the most of all the strains, under intestinal conditions. This work demonstrates that probiotic bacteria can assimilate cholesterol under intestinal conditions, withL. reuteriNCIMB 701089 showing great potential as a CVD therapeutic.

Lactobacillus reuteri A9 and Lactobacillus mucosae A13 isolated from Chinese superlongevity people modulate lipid metabolism in a hypercholesterolemia rat model

2019 ◽  
Vol 366 (24) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinchi Jiang ◽  
Ninghan Feng ◽  
Chengcheng Zhang ◽  
Fengping Liu ◽  
Jianxin Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Bile Salt Hydrolase ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Lactobacillus Mucosae

ABSTRACT While there is strong evidence showing that many food-borne probiotics regulate cholesterol metabolism, few studies have examined how probiotics of human origin affect cholesterol metabolism. Because people living in so-called ‘longevity villages’ are unlikely to have hypercholesterolemia, we hypothesized that probiotics isolated from the residents would have cholesterol-reducing effects on rats with hypercholesterolemia. We isolated 16 strains of Lactobacillus from four longevity populations in China. The strains were tested in vitro for bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity and two isolates, Lactobacillus reuteri A9 and Lactobacillus mucosae A13, were screened out. These two strains were then administered daily for 28 d to rats fed a cholesterol-rich diet. The serum total cholesterol levels in the L. reuteri A9 and L. mucosae A13 groups decreased by 24.3% and 21.6%, respectively. The serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels decreased by 23.8% and 25.2%, respectively. The L. reuteri A9 and L. mucosae A13 groups also exhibited upregulated hepatic mRNA expression of Sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 (Srebp2) by 2.71-fold and 2.54-fold, respectively. The mRNA expression levels of hepatic low-density lipoprotein receptor (Ldlr) in the two groups were significantly up-regulated by 1.28-fold and 2.17-fold, respectively. The composition of gut microbiota was recovered by oral gavage in both experimental groups, and the destroyed diversity of gut microbiota was relieved.

scholarly journals The influence of probiotics on the cervical malignancy diagnostics quality

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 956-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zivko Perisic ◽  
Natasa Perisic ◽  
Svetlana Golocorbin-Kon ◽  
Dusan Vesovic ◽  
Ana Mitrovic-Jovanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Vaginal Infection ◽  
Cervical Smear ◽  
Vaginal Microflora ◽  
Negative Findings ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
Probiotic Preparation

Background/Aim. Probiotics help to provide an optimum balance in the intestines. Probiotics species competitive block toxic substances and growth of unwanted bacteria and yeast species while they compete for the space and food. Lactogyn? is the first oral probiotics on Serbian market dedicated to maintaining a normal vaginal flora. Lactogyn? contains two well studied probiotics strains - Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 and Lactobacillus reuteri RC-14. Both of them are considered as probiotic agents with therapeutic properties increase the population of beneficial lactobacillus organisms within the vagina. The aim of this study was to exam an influence of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 and Lactobacillus reuteri RC-14 on results of cervical smear cytological testing including detection of atypical cells, detection of false positive and false negative findings as well as on vaginal microflora content in patients with vaginal infection signs and symptoms. Methods. Totally 250 women with signs of vaginal infection were selected to participate in the study. The study group comprised 125 patients taking studied probiotic strains along with specific anti-infective therapy. The control group comprised, also, 125 patients taking anti-infective agents, only. Probiotic preparation (Lactogyn ? capsules) was administered orally (one capsule daily) during 4 weeks. Before and six weeks after beginning of the therapy a cervical smear cytological test (the Papanicolaou test), as well as microbiological examination of the vaginal smear were performed. Results. Number of cases of inflammation and atypical squamous cells of undeterminated significance (ASCUS) in the study group were significantly higher before administration of the probiotic preparation. The number of lactobacilli was significantly higher, and the number of pathogenic microorganisms lower in the group treated with this preparation. Conclusion. The application of probiotic strains Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 and Lactobacillus reuteri RC-14 concomitantly with specific antiinfective agents provides more reliable cytological diagnostics, reduces the number of false positive and false negative findings on cervical malignancy and normalizes vaginal microflora in higher percentage of patients with vaginal infections comapred with therapy including anti-infective agents only.

scholarly journals Evolutionary changes of an intestinalLactobacillus reuteriduring probiotic manufacture

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lázaro López ◽  
Paúl Cardenas ◽  
María B. Prado ◽  
Gabriel Trueba
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Probiotic Bacteria ◽  
Synonymous Mutations ◽  
Metabolic Genes ◽  
Evolutionary Changes ◽  
Mammalian Intestine ◽  
Improve Health

ABSTRACTProbiotic bacteria are frequently used to treat intestinal (and other types of diseases) or to improve health, however little is known about the evolutionary changes of these bacteria during probiotic manufacture. It has been observed that when bacteria adapt to a new environment, they lose the skills to thrive in the original niche. In this study, a strain ofLactobacillus reuteriwas isolated from the duodenum of a mouse and subjected to 150 serial passes in milk to simulate industrial propagation of probiotic bacteria. The strain adapted to milk outperformed its ancestor in milk, but it showed reduced aptitude to grow culture media, and possibly in mouse intestines. Bacterial adaptation to milk seemed to select a number of non-synonymous mutations in metabolic genes.IMPORTANCEBacteria in the microbiota must endure hostile conditions including antagonism from other members of the microbial community. Little is known about the evolution of probiotic bacteria in the dairy industry. We show that repeated growth ofL. reuteriin milk results in reduced ability to grow in culture medium and possibly colonize the mammalian intestine. Our results contribute to the notion that probiotic bacteria colonize only transiently intestines.

scholarly journals Topical Probiotics for Women’s Urogenital Health: Selection of an Oil-based Carrier

2021 ◽  
Vol 06 (04) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Scarlett Puebla-Barragan ◽  
◽  
Britney Lamb ◽  
Serenah Jafelice ◽  
Gregor Reid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Petroleum Jelly ◽  
Vaginal Microbiome ◽  
Topical Product ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
Selection Of

Vaginal care products are widely used by women to relieve discomfort such as pain, itching and malodour, all of which are commonly caused by conditions resulting from microbiota dysbiosis. Previous studies showed that probiotic strains Lacticaseibacillus (formerly Lactobacillus) rhamnosus GR-1 (LGR-1) and Limosilactobacillus (formerly Lactobacillus) reuteri RC-14 (LRC-14), can aid in restoring homeostasis in the vaginal microbiome when taken orally. A topical product containing these strains could be of value for reducing malodour and improving quality of life. However, the formulation of such a product is a challenge, given that its ingredients must maintain shelf-life viability by excluding moisture. Here, we tested petroleum jelly, mineral oil, coconut oil, and olive oil for how well they maintained the viability of freeze-dried probiotic strains over a six-month timeframe. None of the oils caused excessive loss of bacterial viability, with petroleum jelly and coconut oil showing the most promise. Based on existing knowledge of these oils on the female genitalia, coconut oil and petroleum jelly could be suitable probiotic carriers for clinical testing.

scholarly journals Detoxification of Aflatoxin B1 by Probiotic Yeasts and Bacteria Isolated From Dairy Products of Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 482-487
Author(s):  
Hajar Zolfaghari ◽  
Arezou Khezerlou ◽  
Ali Ehsani ◽  
Ahmad Yari Khosroushahi
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Immunosuppressive Agents ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Probiotic Bacteria ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
High Level ◽  
Gastric Secretions ◽  
Harmful Effects

Purpose : The present study was conducted to assess the ability of probiotic bacteria and yeasts strains to reduce aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in gastrointestinal simulated conditions. Aflatoxins are potent carcinogenic and immunosuppressive agents. Acute exposure to a high level of aflatoxins leads to aflatoxicosis, which cause rapid death due to liver failure. It is anticipated that consumption of probiotic microorganisms capable of binding aflatoxins can reduce the risk of AFB1 on human health to a certain extent. Methods: For this purpose, the bacteria (1 × 1010 cfu/mL) and yeasts count (2 × 108 cells/mL) and AFB1 concentration (10 ppb) were adjusted. Then, the samples were incubated in the simulated medium, human gastric secretions and small intestine. The concentration of residual AFB1 was determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results were statistically analyzed by SPSS 16 software. Results: The native isolated bacteria and yeasts in the simulated gastrointestinal tract condition showed a significant effect on AFB1 reduction (P<0.05). The AFB1 reduction ability of native probiotic microorganisms was strain dependent. The highest binding ability in bacteria belonged to Lactobacillus rhamnosus (31.14%) and at yeasts belonged to Saccharomyces cerevisiae (30.46%). Conclusion: The use of probiotic strains is the appropriate biological method to reduce AFB1 in the human gastrointestinal tract. Probiotic bacteria could help to decrease the harmful effects of AFB1 in humans through enhancing the food safety.

scholarly journals Adherence of Probiotic Bacteria to Human Intestinal Mucus in Healthy Infants and during Rotavirus Infection

2001 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Juntunen ◽  
P. V. Kirjavainen ◽  
A. C. Ouwehand ◽  
S. J. Salminen ◽  
E. Isolauri
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Probiotic Bacteria ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Gastrointestinal Infections ◽  
Intestinal Mucus ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Healthy Infants ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
Rotavirus Diarrhea

ABSTRACT The concentration of fecal mucin and the adhesion of specific probiotics and their combinations in the intestinal mucus of infants during and after rotavirus diarrhea and in healthy children were determined. Mucus was prepared from fecal samples from 20 infants during and after rotavirus diarrhea and from 10 healthy age-matched children. Mucin concentration was determined, and the adhesion of five probiotics—Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, Lactobacillus casei Shirota, Lactobacillus paracasei F19,Lactobacillus acidophilus LA5, and Bifidobacterium lactis Bb12—and their combinations was tested in vitro. The mean concentrations of fecal mucin during and after rotavirus diarrhea, 15.2 and 14.1 mg/g, were comparable to that in healthy children, 14.9 mg/g. The adherence of probiotics ranged from 1 to 34% in healthy subjects as indicated for the following strains: L. rhamnosus GG, 34%; B. lactis Bb12, 31%; L. acidophilus LA5, 4%; L. paracasei F19, 3%; and L. caseiShirota, 1% (P = 0.0001). The distinctive pattern of probiotic adherence was not influenced by rotavirus diarrhea. The adhesion of Bb12 in the presence of GG increased from 31 to 39% in healthy infants (P = 0.018) and in episodes of diarrhea increased from 26 to 44% (P = 0.001). Rotavirus diarrhea does not decrease the production of fecal mucin or with respect to the adhesion of probiotic bacteria tested in vitro. Combination of specific probiotic strains may enhance adherence in a synergistic manner. Optimal clinical application of these interactions may offer novel therapeutic guidelines for the treatment and prevention of gastrointestinal infections.

scholarly journals Lactobacillus reuteri Protects Epidermal Keratinocytes from Staphylococcus aureus-Induced Cell Death by Competitive Exclusion

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (15) ◽  
pp. 5119-5126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tessa Prince ◽  
Andrew J. McBain ◽  
Catherine A. O'Neill
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Competitive Exclusion ◽  
Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Probiotic Bacteria ◽  
Epidermal Keratinocytes ◽  
Protective Mechanism ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACTRecent studies have suggested that the topical application of probiotic bacteria can improve skin health or combat disease. We have utilized a primary human keratinocyte culture model to investigate whether probiotic bacteria can inhibitStaphylococcus aureusinfection. Evaluation of the candidate probioticsLactobacillus reuteriATCC 55730,Lactobacillus rhamnosusAC413, andLactobacillus salivariusUCC118 demonstrated that bothL. reuteriandL. rhamnosus, but notL. salivarius, reducedS. aureus-induced keratinocyte cell death in both undifferentiated and differentiated keratinocytes. Keratinocyte survival was significantly higher if the probiotic was applied prior to (P< 0.01) or simultaneously with (P< 0.01) infection withS. aureusbut not when added after infection had commenced (P> 0.05). The protective effect ofL. reuteriwas not dependent on the elaboration of inhibitory substances such as lactic acid.L. reuteriinhibited adherence ofS. aureusto keratinocytes by competitive exclusion (P= 0.026).L. salivariusUCC118, however, did not inhibitS. aureusfrom adhering to keratinocytes (P> 0.05) and did not protect keratinocyte viability.S. aureusutilizes the α5β1 integrin to adhere to keratinocytes, and blocking of this integrin resulted in a protective effect similar to that observed with probiotics (P= 0.03). This suggests that the protective mechanism forL. reuteri-mediated protection of keratinocytes was by competitive exclusion of the pathogen from its binding sites on the cells. Our results suggest that use of a topical probiotic prophylactically could inhibit the colonization of skin byS. aureusand thus aid in the prevention of infection.

scholarly journals Survival of Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG in the Human Gastrointestinal Tract with Daily Consumption of a Low-Fat Probiotic Spread

2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (19) ◽  
pp. 6198-6204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne E. M. Dommels ◽  
Robèr A. Kemperman ◽  
Yvonne E. M. P. Zebregs ◽  
René B. Draaisma ◽  
Arne Jol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
Human Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Target Dose ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Probiotic Strains

ABSTRACT Probiotics are live microorganisms which, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host. Therefore, probiotic strains should be able to survive passage through the human gastrointestinal tract. Human gastrointestinal tract survival of probiotics in a low-fat spread matrix has, however, never been tested. The objective of this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled human intervention study was to test the human gastrointestinal tract survival of Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG after daily consumption of a low-fat probiotic spread by using traditional culturing, as well as molecular methods. Forty-two healthy human volunteers were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups provided with 20 g of placebo spread (n = 13), 20 g of spread with a target dose of 1 × 109 CFU of L. reuteri DSM 17938 (n = 13), or 20 g of spread with a target dose of 5 × 109 CFU of L. rhamnosus GG (n = 16) daily for 3 weeks. Fecal samples were obtained before and after the intervention period. A significant increase, compared to the baseline, in the recovery of viable probiotic lactobacilli in fecal samples was demonstrated after 3 weeks of daily consumption of the spread containing either L. reuteri DSM 17938 or L. rhamnosus GG by selective enumeration. In the placebo group, no increase was detected. The results of selective enumeration were supported by quantitative PCR, detecting a significant increase in DNA resulting from the probiotics after intervention. Overall, our results indicate for the first time that low-fat spread is a suitable carrier for these probiotic strains.

scholarly journals Cholesterol lowering in pigs through enhanced bacterial bile salt hydrolase activity

1998 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. De Smet ◽  
P. De Boever ◽  
W. Verstraete
Keyword(s):  
Bile Salt ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bile Salt Hydrolase ◽  
Cholesterol Levels

The effect of feeding liveLactobacillus reutericells containing active bile salt hydrolase (BSH) on plasma cholesterol levels was studied in pigs. During an experiment lasting 13 weeks, twenty pigs were fed on a high-fat, high-cholesterol, low-fibre diet for the first 10 weeks, and a regular pig diet for the last 3 weeks. One group of animals received, twice daily, 11·25 (SD 0·16) log10colony forming units of the potential probiotic bacteria for 4 weeks (from week 3 until week 7). From week 8 onwards, the treated group was again fed on the same diet as the control group without additions. The total faecalLactobacilluscounts were only significantly higher in the treated pigs during the first 2 weeks ofL. reuterifeeding. Based on limited data, it was suggested that the administeredLactobacillusspecies had caused a temporary shift within the indigenousLactobacilluspopulation rather than permanently colonizing the intestinal tract. The probiotic feeding brought about significant lowering (P≤ 0·05) of total and LDL-cholesterol concentrations in the treated pigs compared with the control pigs, while no change in HDL-cholesterol concentration was observed. The data for faecal output of neutral sterols and bile salts were highly variable between the animals of each group, yet they indicated an increased output in the treated pigs. Although the blood cholesterol levels went up in both groups during the 3 weeks following theLactobacillusadministration period, significantly lower serum total and LDL-cholesterol levels were observed in the treated pigs. During the final 3 weeks of normalization to the regular diet, cholesterol concentrations significantly decreased in both animal groups and the differences in total and LDL-cholesterol concentrations between the groups largely disappeared.

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