scholarly journals Effects of Different Levels of Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) Seed Powder and Extract on Serum Biochemical Parameters, Microbiota, and Immunity in Broiler Chicks

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hesam Hosseinzadeh ◽  
Ali Ahmad Alaw Qotbi ◽  
Alireza Seidavi ◽  
David Norris ◽  
David Brown
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Bursal Disease ◽  
Different Levels

The use of herbs and spices has gained increasing interest as feed additives and possible alternative to antibiotics in poultry production. The effects of using different levels of coriander seed powder or extract on selected blood parameters, intestinal microflora, and immune response of broiler chickens were investigated in this study. A total of 420-day-old broiler chicks were randomly assigned to 7 treatments with 4 replicates and fed for 42 days. Results showed that inclusion of 2.0% coriander powder in broiler diets lowered total cholesterol while blood urea was significantly higher in birds on T4compared to T1and T2. Furthermore, there were no treatment effects onLactobacillusbacteria; however, the population ofE. coliwas significantly higher in the ileum of chickens fed T0. Noticeable significant improvements of antibody titer against Newcastle, infectious bronchitis, and infectious bursal disease were observed in birds receiving coriander extract in water. Immunoglobulin G antibody against sheep red blood cells showed significant improvement in birds fed T3; likewise, immunoglobulin M was significantly higher in birds on T2and T3at 28 d of age. These results revealed that coriander extract or powder can be used as antibiotic alternative in broiler feeds.

scholarly journals Effect of Dietary Combination of Methionine and Fish Oil on Cellular Immunity and Plasma Fatty Acids in Infectious Bursal Disease Challenged Chickens

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elham Maroufyan ◽  
Azhar Kasim ◽  
Goh Yong Meng ◽  
Mahdi Ebrahimi ◽  
Loh Teck Chwen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Infectious Bursal Disease ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Bursal Disease ◽  
Methionine Supplementation

This study was carried out to investigate the modulatory effects of dietary methionine and fish oil on immune response, plasma fatty acid profile, and blood parameters of infectious bursal disease (IBD) challenged broiler chickens. A total of 300 one-day-old male broiler chicks were assigned to one of six dietary treatment groups in a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement. There were three levels of fish oil (0, 2.5 and 5.5%), and two levels of methionine (NRC recommendation and twice NRC recommendation). The results showed that the birds fed with 5.5% fish oil had higher total protein, white blood cell count, and IL-2 concentration than those of other groups at 7 days after IBD challenge. Inclusion of fish oil in diet had no effect on IFN-γconcentration. However, supplementation of methionine twice the recommendation enhanced the serum IFN-γand globulin concentration. Neither of fish oil nor methionine supplementation affected the liver enzymes concentration. It can be suggested that a balance of moderate level of fish oil (2.5%) and methionine level (twice NRC recommendation) might enhance immune response in IBD challenged broiler chickens.

scholarly journals Evaluation of commercially available aroA delated gene E. coli O78 vaccine in commercial broiler chickens under Middle East simulating field conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hussein M. Galal ◽  
M. I. Abdrabou ◽  
Ahmed H. I. Faraag ◽  
C. K. Mah ◽  
Azza M. Tawfek
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Reduced Body ◽  
Antibiotics Use ◽  
Commercial Broiler ◽  
And Performance

AbstractThe broiler industry in the Middle East (ME) faces many challenges related to bacterial infections, including M. gallisepticum, M. synoviae, E. coli, and other gram-negative bacteria, exacerbated by various errors in the brooding process. Antibiotics use in the first three days of life, such as Linco-Spectin 100 SP, tilmicosin, enrofloxacin, tylosin, colistin, and doxycycline, is the trend in the market to control such challenges. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the newly introduced aroA E. coli vaccine (Poulvac E. coli) and its ability to reduce over-reliance on the heavy use of antibiotics in the ME. The study was conducted on 160 broiler chicks, divided into eight even groups. Each group was treated differently in terms of antibiotic therapy and ages at the time of Poulvac E. coli administration and the challenge of virulent avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC), serotype O78. Spray application of Poulvac E. coli at seven days of age plus Linco-Spectin 100 SP during the first three days provided the best results for zero mortality after challenge with APEC, while Poulvac E. coli at seven days with enrofloxacin during the early three days resulted in 10% mortality. Poulvac E. coli hatchery vaccination protected birds against mortality but reduced body weight gain compared to the 7-day group vaccinated with Linco-Spectin 100 SP during the first three days. Poulvac E. coli given on day one or day seven did not affect the immune response to concurrent respiratory viral vaccines and, in some cases, improved response. This study shows that Poulvac E. coli at seven days of age, together with Linco-Spectin 100 during the first three days, has produced the best results in terms of protection and performance in the ME high presence of avian pathogenic E. coli field challenge.

scholarly journals The Effects of Turnip (Brassica rapa) Extract on the Growth Performance and Health of Broilers

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 867
Author(s):  
Reza Eghbaldost-Jadid ◽  
Mehran Nosrati ◽  
Behrouz Rasouli ◽  
Alireza Seidavi ◽  
Clive J. C. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Very Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Four Levels

There are concerns about inclusion of antibiotics in the feed of broiler chickens, because of the development of antibiotic resistance, leading to a search for alternative feed additives. Turnip extract is known to have antibacterial properties but has not been tested in the diet of broiler chickens. We allocated 200 broiler chicks to receive one of four levels of turnip extract in their water, 0, 150, 300 or 450 ppm, or a standard antibiotic, Virginiamycin, over a 42-day growing period. Although initially there were detrimental effects of providing 450 ppm, overall the 150 ppm level of supplementation increased weight gain, compared with birds given Virginiamycin, and decreased gizzard weight. Birds given 150 ppm or Virginiamycin had increased low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) and reduced very low-density lipoproteins (VLDLs) in their blood serum and reduced antibody responses to sheep red blood cells, compared to birds in the 450 ppm treatment. Birds given turnip extract at 450 ppm had fewer Gram-negative lactose and coliform bacteria than those provided with no turnip extract, and those provided with 150–300 ppm had the same as those provided with Virginiamycin. Turnip extract could potentially replace antibiotics included in the feed of broiler chickens for growth promotion and the control of bacterial infection of the gastrointestinal tract.

scholarly journals Dissemination of Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Campylobacter spp. within an Integrated Commercial Poultry Production System

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 3441-3447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umelaalim Idris ◽  
Jingrang Lu ◽  
Marie Maier ◽  
Susan Sanchez ◽  
Charles L. Hofacre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Campylobacter Coli ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Broiler Breeders ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Commercial Broiler ◽  
Multiple Levels

ABSTRACTWhile characterizing the intestinal bacterial community of broiler chickens, we detected ε-proteobacterial DNA in the ilea of 3-day-old commercial broiler chicks (J. Lu, U. Idris, B. Harmon, C. Hofacre, J. J. Maurer, and M. D. Lee, Appl. Environ. Microbiol.69:6816-6824, 2003). The sequences exhibited high levels of similarity toCampylobacter jejuniandCampylobacter colisequences, suggesting that chickens can carryCampylobacterat a very young age.Campylobactersp. was detected by PCR in all samples collected from the ilea of chicks that were 3 to 49 days old; however, it was detected only in the cecal contents of chickens that were at least 21 days old. In order to determine whether the presence ofCampylobacterDNA in young chicks was due to ingestion of the bacteria in food or water, we obtained commercial broiler hatching eggs, which were incubated in a research facility until the chicks hatched. DNA sequencing of the amplicons resulting fromCampylobacter-specific 16S PCR performed with the ileal, cecal, and yolk contents of the day-of-hatching chicks revealed thatCampylobacterDNA was present before the chicks consumed food or water. The 16S rRNA sequences exhibited 99% similarity toC. jejuniandC. colisequences and 95 to 98% similarity to sequences of other thermophilicCampylobacterspecies, such asC. lariandC. upsaliensis. The presence ofC. coliDNA was detected by specific PCR in the samples from chicks obtained from a commercial hatchery; however, noCampylobacterwas detected by culturing. In order to determine whether the same strains of bacteria were present in multiple levels of the integrator, we culturedCampylobactersp. from a flock of broiler breeders and their 6-week-old progeny that resided on a commercial broiler farm. The broiler breeders had been given fluoroquinolone antibiotics, and we sought to determine whether the same fluoroquinolone-resistant strain was present in their progeny. The isolates were typed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, which confirmed that the parental and progeny flocks contained the same strain of fluoroquinolone-resistantC. coli. These data indicate that resistantC. colican be present in multiple levels of an integrated poultry system and demonstrated that molecular techniques or more sensitive culture methods may be necessary to detect early colonization byCampylobacterin broiler chicks.

scholarly journals Adding hepatoprotective plants to beverage water: an alternative to conventional drugs for broiler production

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1928-1940
Author(s):  
Dieudonné Pascal Chuisseu Djamen ◽  
Roland Nankam Chimi ◽  
Arouna Njayou Ngapagna ◽  
Leonard Tedong ◽  
François-Marie Kanmangne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Growth Performances ◽  
Bursal Disease ◽  
Consumption Index ◽  
Kinetics Of

The present work was to study the effects of Desmoduin adscendens, Khaya grandifoliola, Xylopia phloiodora extracts on growth parameters and selected blood parameters of broilers chickens. A total of 252 broiler chicks were randomly distributed into 4 groups. Chickens of control batch received commercial hepatoprotective (Hepaturyl 1 g/l) and the experimental groups received a formulation based on 3 extracts hepatoprotective plants at a concentration of 200, 100 and 50 mg/kg body weight. The mortality rate of control and experimental groups was 6.3% and 4.7% respectively. Average weight of batches at day 48 was, 2.6 for the control, 2.7 for the batch 2, 2.6 batch 3 and 2.5 kg batch 4 with an average consumption index ranging from 1.6 for the control and 1.7 for the experimental groups. Liver function in broilers was not altered (The values of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase were 5-25 IU/l and 50-350 IU/l respectively). Cholesterolemia, proteinemia and the triglyceridemia increased with the age of the animals (0.6- 4.1 mmol / l; 21-83 g / l; 0.3- 3.8 g / l respectively). The kinetics of the humoral immune response against infectious bursal disease was not influenced. This work has shown that the use of the formulation as hepatoprotective in chick drinking water shows results similar to those of commercial hepatoprotectors.Keywords: Broilers, hepatoprotective plants, hepatic functioning, growth performances, immune response

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Resistance of Escherichia coli and Salmonella isolated from Raw Retail Broiler Chickens in Zambia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Muligisa Muonga ◽  
Geoffrey Mainda ◽  
Mercy Mukuma ◽  
Geoffrey Kwenda ◽  
Bernard Hang'ombe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Open Markets

Abstract Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of foodborne pathogens is of public health concern, especially in developing countries like Zambia. This study was undertaken to determine the resistance profiles of Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) and Salmonella isolated from dressed broiler chickens purchased from open markets and supermarkets in Zambia.Results A total of 189 E. coli and five Salmonella isolates were isolated. Identification and confirmation of the isolates was done using Analytical Profile Index (API 20E) (Biomerieux ® ) and 16S rRNA sequencing. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests (AST) were performed using the Kirby Bauer disk diffusion technique using a panel of 10 different antibiotics and multiplex PCR was used to determine the presence of three target genes encoding for resistance: tetA, Sul1 and CTXM. AST results were entered and analyzed in WHONET 2018 software. A total of 189 E. coli and five Salmonella isolates were identified. Among the E. coli isolates, Tetracycline recorded the highest resistance of 79.4%, followed by Ampicillin 51.9%, Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole 49.7%, Nalidixic Acid 24.3%, Chloramphenicol 16.4%, Cefotaxime 16.4%, Ciprofloxacin 10.1%, Colistin 7.4%, Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid 6.9%, and Imipenem 1.1%. Two of the five Salmonella isolates were resistant to at least one antibiotic. Forty- seven (45.2%) of the isolates possessed at least one of the targeted resistance genes.Conclusion This study has demonstrated the presence of AMR E. coli and Salmonella on raw broiler chickens from both open markets and supermarkets. Such resistance is of public health concern and measures need to be put in place to regulate the use of these antimicrobials in poultry production.

scholarly journals Growth Performance and Blood Parameters as Influenced by Different Levels of Dietary Arginine in Broiler Chickens

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Emadi ◽  
K. Kaveh ◽  
M.H. Bejo ◽  
A. Ideris ◽  
F. Jahanshiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Different Levels

Growth performance, digestibility, haematology, biochemistry, and some humoral immunity blood parameters of broiler chickens fed different levels of Boswellia serrata resin

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (10) ◽  
pp. 1885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Ridha Mustafa Al-Yasiry ◽  
Bożena Kiczorowska ◽  
Wioletta Samolińska ◽  
Edyta Kowalczuk-Vasilev
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Humoral Immunity ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Boswellia Serrata ◽  
Blood Profile ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Different Levels

The study determined the effect of three different levels of Boswellia serrata tree resin (BSR) supplementation in diets for broiler chickens on the growth performance, selected slaughter analysis, nutrient digestibility, as well as haematology, biochemical and some humoral immunity blood parameters. In total, 200 1-day-old broiler chickens were assigned randomly to four treatments. The broiler chickens were fed diets containing 0 (C), 1.5 (BSR1.5), 2 (BSR2), or 2.5% Boswellia serrata resin (BSR2.5). The BSR treatments improved (P < 0.05) the feed intake and feed conversion ratio at breeding Days 22–35, but did not differentiate the nutrient digestibility in the diets. The best-quality carcass with a high proportion of muscles and low fat content (Control versus BSR diets, linear, P < 0.05) was obtained in broiler chickens fed diets supplemented with 2% and 2.5% BSR. The blood profile was affected by the BSR treatments. The lymphocyte count increased linearly in blood (P < 0.05) along the increasing amounts of BSR. The content of uric acid and aspartate aminotransferase activity in blood plasma decreased upon the BSR supplementation (Control vs BSR diets, linear, P < 0.05; and Control vs BSR diets, linear, P < 0.01, respectively). The resin of Boswellia serrata can be considered as a good botanical feed additive, which can have positive effects on the performance and health of broiler chickens.

scholarly journals Betaine and Antioxidants Improve Growth Performance, Breast Muscle Development and Ameliorate Thermoregulatory Responses to Cyclic Heat Exposure in Broiler Chickens

Animals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid Shakeri ◽  
Jeremy Cottrell ◽  
Stuart Wilkinson ◽  
Mitchell Ringuet ◽  
John Furness ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Heat Exposure ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Breast Muscle ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Muscle Weight

Heat stress (HS) is an environmental stressor challenging poultry production and requires a strategy to cope with it. A total of 288-day-old male broiler chicks were fed with one of the following diets: basal diet, basal with betaine (BET), or with selenium and vitamin E (AOX), or with a combination of BET and AOX, under thermoneutral and cyclic HS. Results showed that HS reduced average daily feed intake (ADFI) (p = 0.01) and average daily gain (ADG) (p < 0.001), and impaired feed conversion ratio (FCR) (p = 0.03) during rearing period (0–42 day). BET increased ADG (p = 0.001) and decreased FCR (p = 0.02), whereas AOX had no effects. Breast muscle weight was decreased by HS (p < 0.001) and increased by BET (p < 0.001). Rectal temperature was increased by HS (p < 0.001) and improved by BET overall. Respiration rate was increased by HS (p < 0.001), but BET decreased it during HS (p = 0.04). Jejunum transepithelial resistance was reduced by HS and had no effect on permeability whereas BET increased jejunum permeability (p = 0.013). Overall, the reductions in ADG of broiler chickens during HS were ameliorated by supplementation with BET, with much of the increase in ADG being breast muscle.

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