scholarly journals Characteristics of Biodegradable Polylactide/Thermoplastic Starch/Nanosilica Composites: Effects of Plasticizer and Nanosilica Functionality

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina Jeziorska ◽  
Agnieszka Szadkowska ◽  
Ewa Spasowka ◽  
Aneta Lukomska ◽  
Michal Chmielarek
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Oxidative Degradation ◽  
Thermoplastic Starch ◽  
Silica Content ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Thermal Stability Of ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Thermo Oxidative Degradation

The effect of plasticizer (polydimethylsiloxanol) and neat (SiO2) or modified (having amine functional groups) silica (A-SiO2) on morphology, thermal, mechanical, and rheological properties of PLA/TPS blends compatibilized by maleated PLA (MPLA) was investigated. Toughened PLA/MPLA/TPS (60/10/30) blend containing 3 wt.% of plasticizer and various contents (1, 3, or 5 wt.%) of silica were prepared in a corotating twin-screw extruder. From SEM, it is clear that plasticized PLA/MPLA/TPS blend continuous porous structure is highly related to the silica content and its functionality. The results indicate that polydimethylsiloxanol enhances ductility and the initial thermal stability of the plasticized blend. DSC and DMTA analyses show that nucleation ability and reinforcing effect of A-SiO2on plasticized blend crystallization are much better than those of SiO2. Silica practically had no effect on the thermo-oxidative degradation. However, the composites with A-SiO2had better thermal stability than those with SiO2. Moreover, silica significantly improved the elongation at break.

Characterization and Properties of Nucleated Polylactide, Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate), and Thermoplastic Starch Ternary Blend Films: Effects of Compatibilizer and Starch

2013 ◽  
Vol 747 ◽  
pp. 673-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Worasak Phetwarotai ◽  
Duangdao Aht-Ong
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Nucleating Agent ◽  
Thermoplastic Starch ◽  
Ternary Blend ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Blend Films ◽  
Flexible Polymer ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Biodegradable ternary blend films of nucleated polylactide (PLA), poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT), and thermoplastic starch (TPS) with the presence of nucleating agent and compatibilizer were prepared via a twin screw extruder. The effects of compatibilizer types and starch contents on the thermal, morphological, and tensile properties of these blend films were evaluated. Two types of compatibilizer (methylene diphenyldiisocyanate (MDI) and polylactide-graft-maleic anhydride (PLA-g-MA)) were used for enhancing an interfacial adhesion of the blends, whereas TPS from tapioca starch was added as a filler at various concentrations (0 to 40 wt%). In addition, talc and PBAT acted as a nucleating agent and a flexible polymer were fixed at 1 phr and 10 wt%, respectively. The results indicated that the thermal stability of the blend films was affected from the presence of compatibilizer and TPS. In addition, the tensile properties and compatibility of PLA, PBAT, and TPS blends were improved with the addition of compatibilizer compared to uncompatibilized blend films as evidenced by SEM results. Furthermore, the blend films with MDI gave higher mechanical properties than those with PLA-g-MA at all compositions. The water absorption of the ternary blend films was evidently increased when the TPS amount was increased; in contrast, tensile strength and elongation at break (EB) of these blend films were significantly decreased.

scholarly journals Preparation and Properties of Thermoplastic Starch/Bentonite Nanocomposites

2017 ◽  
Vol 885 ◽  
pp. 129-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
László Lendvai ◽  
Ákos Kmetty ◽  
József Karger-Kocsis
Keyword(s):  
Thermoplastic Starch ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Maize Starch ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopic ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Thermal Stability Of ◽  
Scanning Electron

Thermoplastic starch (TPS)/bentonite nanocomposites containing up to 7.5 wt.% bentonite were prepared. Maize starch was plasticized with glycerol and water, in presence or absence of bentonite, in a twin-screw extruder. Mechanical, morphological and thermal properties of the TPS/bentonite nanocomposites were determined and discussed. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images revealed a good dispersion of bentonite particles with some remaining agglomerates in the range of 0.1 to 1.5 μm. According to the tensile test results the tensile strength and Young’s modulus increased significantly with increasing bentonite content, however, at cost of elongation. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that the presence of bentonite exerted little to no effect on the thermal stability of TPS.

scholarly journals Studies On Compatibilization Of Recycled Polyethylene/Thermoplastic Starch Blends By Using Different Compatibilizer

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 557-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barıs Oner ◽  
Tolga Gokkurt ◽  
Ayse Aytac
Keyword(s):  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Thermoplastic Starch ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Recycled Polyethylene ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Starch Blends ◽  
Packaging Industry ◽  
Maleic Anhydride Copolymer

AbstractIn this study, the aim was to examine the effects of three different compatibilizers on the recycled polyethylene/ thermoplastic starch (r-LDPE/TPS) blends which are used in producing garbage bags. Polyethylene-Grafted-Maleic Anhydride (PEgMAH), maleic-anhydride modified ethylene propylene rubber (EPMgMAH) and ethylene maleic anhydride copolymer (PEMAH) were selected as the compatibilizers. r-LDPE/TPS blends with or without compatibilizer were prepared by using a twin screw extruder and characterized by means of mechanical, thermal, structural and morphological analyses. It was found that tensile strength values increased with the addition of PEgMAH but decreased with the addition of EPMgMAH. Elongations at break values of the r-LDPE/TPS blends were significantly improved by using PEgMAH and EPMgMAH. Tm and Tc values have slightly affected by the compatibilizer usage in the DSC analysis. In addition, the better interfacial interaction was observed for the compatibilized blend with the PEgMAH and EPMgMAH during the SEM analysis. It was concluded that PEgMAH and EPMgMAH showed mainly changed results in elongation at break values and this is the important parameter in the packaging industry.

Processing, Thermal Behavior and Tensile Properties of PLA/Thermoplastic Starch/Montmorillonite Nanocomposites

2013 ◽  
Vol 684 ◽  
pp. 75-79
Author(s):  
Esmat Jalalvandi ◽  
Taravat Ghanbari ◽  
Hossein Cherghibidsorkhi ◽  
Ehsan Zeimaran ◽  
Hamid Ilbeygi
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Glass Transition ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Thermal Behavior ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Thermoplastic Starch ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Twin Screw

Thermoplastic starch, polylactic acid glycerol and maleic anhydride (MA) were compounded with natural montmorillonite (MMT) through a twin screw extruder to investigate the effects of different loading of MMT on tensile properties and thermal behavior of the nanocomposites. Tensile results showed an increased in modulus, tensile strength and elongation at break. However, beyond 3phr of MMT the modulus of samples decreased because the MMT particles agglomerated. The thermal properties were characterized by using differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The results showed that MMT increased melting temperature and crystallization temperature of matrix but reduction in glass transition temperature was observed.

scholarly journals The influence of shaped TiO2 nanofillers on thermal properties of polyvinyl alcohol

2012 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 699-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marija Radoicic ◽  
Zoran Saponjic ◽  
Milena Marinovic-Cincovic ◽  
Scott Ahrenkiel ◽  
Natasa Bibic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Tio2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Oxidative Degradation ◽  
Inert Atmosphere ◽  
Titania Nanotubes ◽  
Crystallinity Degree ◽  
Degradation Temperature ◽  
Thermal Stability Of ◽  
Thermo Oxidative Degradation

PVA-based nanocomposites consisting of shaped TiO2 nanocrystals (nanoparticles, nanotubes or nanorods) were synthesized by direct blending of polymer and titania nanocrystals solution or powder. In order to elucidate the influence of shape of titania nanocrystals on thermal stability of polymer matrix and particles interaction with PVA chain, structural and thermal characterizations of PVA/TiO2 nanocomposites were performed. Faceted nanoparticles increased the thermal stability of PVA matrix. Titania nanotubes and nanorods did not show any stabilizing effect on polymer matrix in argon atmosphere. The thermo-oxidative degradation temperature of PVA increased with addition of faceted TiO2 nanoparticles. The thermo-oxidative stability of the PVA matrix was affected more by the presence of titania nanotubes and nanorods in comparison with its thermal stability in inert atmosphere. The crystallinity degree (Xc=32 %) of PVA matrix slightly decreased in the presence of faceted TiO2 nanoparticles in nanocomposite sample.

Preparation of PLLA/OMMT Composite and its Properties

2011 ◽  
Vol 380 ◽  
pp. 265-269
Author(s):  
Rui Xia Duan ◽  
Ming Jun Niu ◽  
Kai Guo ◽  
Jin Zhou Chen ◽  
Li Yan Sui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Melt Flow ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Melt Flow Rate ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Poly(L-lactic acid ) (PLLA) /oganic montmorillonite (OMMT) composites were prepared by means of melt-mixing using a twin-screw extruder. The mechanical properties and melt flow rate of the composites were investigated, and their crystallization structure and thermal properties were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TG). It was shown that the tensile strength, elongation at break and bending strength of the PLLA/OMMT composites firstly increased and then reduced along with the increase of the content of OMMT. The melt flow rate of the composites was obviously improved and the crystallinity was increased. OMMT played a heterogeneous nucleation role in the composites, while it had little impact on thermal stability of the composites.

Investigation of Thermal and Rheological Properties of Polypropylene and Montmorillonite (MMT) Nanocomposites

2015 ◽  
Vol 1105 ◽  
pp. 3-6
Author(s):  
A.A. Yussuf ◽  
M.A. Al-Saleh ◽  
S.T. Al-Enezi
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Complex Viscosity ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Twin Screw Extruder ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

The performances of PP/MMT nanocomposite (70μm thick films), in terms of thermal and rheological properties were investigated. A twin-screw extruder was used to compound PP, MMT, compatibilizer, and extruded nanocomposite films were collected for test. All results were compared and the influence of MMT contents on the final properties were observed and reported. The thermal properties of PP had improved by increasing MMT content from 0-3 phr. However at 4 phr thermal stability of the nanocomposite had slightly dropped. In terms of rhelogical properties, the addition of MMT to the PP blend increased the complex viscosity of the nanocomposites, particularly at low frequency regions.

scholarly journals Effect of extrusion treatment on the thermal stability and structure of corn starch with different emulsifiers

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 464-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q.-Z. Yang ◽  
Z.-G. Xiao ◽  
Y. Zhao ◽  
Ch.-J. Liu ◽  
Y. Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Relative Crystallinity ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Swelling Power ◽  
Extrusion Processing ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Corn starch was treated with raw moisture (30%), screw speed (160 rpm), extrusion temperature (30, 55, 80, 105, 130, and 155°C), and emulsifier (1.2%) to produce the starch extrudate particles in a twin screw extruder. The influence of extrusion processing and composition (starch and emulsifier content) on the viscosity, microstructure, solubility, swelling power, and thermal stability of starch extrudate particles was examined. The SEM results showed that the surface of starch extrudate particles was quite irregular and a fissure could be clearly observed. The X-ray intensities and relative crystallinity were decreased after extrusion treatment. The data highlighted that the gelatinisation temperature and solubility were increased and the gelatinisation enthalpy, viscosity, and swelling power were decreased. The emulsifiers present also influenced the thermal stability and solubility of starch extrudate particles, which were attributed to their ability to modify starch granule interactions. The thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry analysis indicated that the thermal stability of starch extrudate particles was improved after extrusion processing.

Mechanical and thermal characterization of grafted PP-NCC nanocomposites

2019 ◽  
pp. 089270571987822
Author(s):  
Saud Aldajah ◽  
Mohammad Y Al-Haik ◽  
Waseem Siddique ◽  
Mohammad M Kabir ◽  
Yousef Haik
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Thermal Characterization ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Three Point Bending ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

This study reveals the enhancement of mechanical and thermal properties of maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene (PP- g-MA) with the addition of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC). A nanocomposite was manufactured by blending various percentages of PP, MA, and NCC nanoparticles by means of a twin-screw extruder. The influence of varying the percentages of NCC on the mechanical and thermal behavior of the nanocomposite was studied by performing three-point bending, nanoindentation, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy tests. The novelty of this study stems on the NCC nanoparticles and their ability to enhance the mechanical and thermal properties of PP. Three-point bending and nanoindentation tests revealed improvement in the mechanical properties in terms of strength, modulus, and hardness of the PP- g-MA nanocomposites as the addition of NCC increased. SEM showed homogeneity between the mixtures which proved the presence of interfacial adhesion between the PP- g-MA incorporated with NCC nanoparticles that was confirmed by the FTIR results. DSC and TGA measurements showed that the thermal stability of the nanocomposites was not compromised due to the addition of the coupling agent and reinforced nanoparticles.

scholarly journals Bio-Based Thermoplastic Starch Composites Reinforced by Dialdehyde Lignocellulose

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (14) ◽  
pp. 3236
Author(s):  
Peng Yin ◽  
Wen Zhou ◽  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Bin Guo ◽  
Panxin Li
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Water Resistance ◽  
Thermoplastic Starch ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Injection Process ◽  
Oxidation Damage

In order to improve the mechanical properties and water resistance of thermoplastic starch (TPS), a novel reinforcement of dialdehyde lignocellulose (DLC) was prepared via the oxidation of lignocellulose (LC) using sodium periodate. Then, the DLC-reinforced TPS composites were prepared by an extrusion and injection process using glycerol as a plasticizer. The DLC and LC were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the effects of DLC content on the properties of the DLC/TPS composites were investigated via the evaluation of SEM images, mechanical properties, thermal stability, and contact angles. XRD showed that the crystallinity of the DLC decreased due to oxidation damage to the LC. SEM showed good dispersion of the DLC in the continuous TPS phase at low amounts of DLC, which related to good mechanical properties. The tensile strength of the DLC/TPS composite reached a maximum at a DLC content of 3 wt.%, while the elongation at break of the DLC/TPS composites increased with increasing DLC content. The DLC/TPS composites had better thermal stability than the neat TPS. As the DLC content increased, the water resistance first increased, then decreased. The highest tensile strength and elongation at break reached 5.26 MPa and 111.25%, respectively, and the highest contact angle was about 90.7°.

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