scholarly journals Safety Assessment of the Auto Manipulation Device for Acupuncture in Sprague-Dawley Rats: Preclinical Evaluation of the Prototype

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Geng-Hao Liu ◽  
Meng-Yen Tsai ◽  
Gwo-Jyh Chang ◽  
Chao-Min Wu ◽  
Sheng-Kai Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Safety Issue ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Needle Insertion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Physiological Functions ◽  
Whole Process

Background. The Auto Manipulation Device for Acupuncture (AMDA) is designed for providing stable, quantified effects and higher frequency when doing lifting and thrusting manipulation. The purpose of this study is to investigate the safety of manipulation by AMDA in different frequency and duration in healthy rats. Methods. The study was divided into two parts: single intervention and once a day for a week. 12 rats and 15 rats were randomly allocated to different groups: Control (needle insertion only), AMDA (2Hz/10Mins), AMDA (2Hz/20Mins), AMDA (20Hz/10Mins), and AMDA (20Hz/20Mins) for single and repeated interventions. Real-time physiological functions, laboratory data, and the bilateral muscle tissue of acupoint (ST 36) were obtained after the intervention. Results. We found neither real-time physiological functions nor laboratory data differences between control group and AMDA groups in both parts. In the muscle tissue samples, the slight damage had been observed in the AMDA group with a frequency of 2 Hz for 20 minutes after once intervention, and the repeated session groups noted more obvious tissue damage with fibrotic change. Although the period was shorter, higher frequency manipulation caused more damage that fibroblast nuclei became more slender and obvious. However, no significant adverse effect was noted such as crippled and molting in the whole process. Conclusion. Our study suggested that the safety issue of AMDA operation in rats is feasible because there was no difference between control group and AMDA groups among real-time physiological functions and laboratory data. However, manipulation with higher frequency should be more preserved.

Carvacrol attenuates amikacin-induced nephrotoxicity in the rat

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atta Mohammad Dost ◽  
Mehmet Gunata ◽  
Onural Ozhan ◽  
Azibe Yildiz ◽  
Nigar Vardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cell ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Per Oral

Abstract Amikacin (AK) is frequently used in the treatment of gram-negative and some gram-positive infections. However, its use is limited due to nephrotoxicity due to the increase in reactive oxygen radicals. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of carvacrol (CAR) against AK-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Thirty-two Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups as control (Vehicle), AK (400 mg/kg), CAR + AK (80 mg/kg CAR + 400 mg/kg AK), and AK + CAR (400 mg/kg AK + 80 mg/kg CAR) groups. AK and CAR were administered via intramuscular and per-oral for 7 days, respectively. Blood and kidney tissue samples were taken at the end of the experiment. Renal function and histopathological changes were compared, and the relevant parameters of oxidative stress and inflammation were detected. Histopathological findings (necrotic changes and dilatation and inflammatory cell infiltration) significantly increased in the AK group compared to the control group. Also, the rats in the AK group lost weight significantly. It was found that CAR treatment before and after AK significantly improved nephrotoxicity histopathologically (p < 0.05). However, this improvement was not detected biochemically. These results show that CAR treatment before and after AK improves nephrotoxicity in the histopathological level.

scholarly journals The Effect of Hydro-Alcoholic Extract of Ocimum basilicum on CaCl2-Induced Cardiac Arrhythmias in Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Kheradmandpour ◽  
Seyed Abolfazl Aminifar ◽  
Mahin Dianat
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrhythmias ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Heart Rhythm ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Tissue Samples

: Ocimum basilicum (OB) contains more than 30 plant species that are found in different regions, especially in Africa. OB contains various substances, especially Chavikol, Methyl Ether or Strangol, Linalool, and Agenol, which have antioxidant, antihypertensive, antidiabetic, and anti-lipid properties. On the other hand, along with lifestyle changes, the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases, such as arrhythmias, which cause high mortality, is increasing. Moreover, the modern drugs used for arrhythmia can also induce another type of abnormal heart rhythm. Regarding the effectiveness and fewer side effects of herbal medicine, we decided to study the preventive effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of OB on CaCl2-induced arrhythmias in rats. Male rats (Sprague-Dawley) were divided into the control group (2 weeks, normal saline, gavage) and three groups receiving different concentrations of hydro-alcoholic extract of OB (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, gavage for 2 weeks). The arrhythmia model was established using CaCl2 (IV, 140 mg/kg). The number of ventricular fibrillation (VF), ventricular premature (PVC), and ventricular tachycardia (VT) were studied. Also, the oxidative stress parameters, such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), were measured in heart tissue samples. Statistical analysis was done using Fisher's exact test and ANOVA, and also, P < 0.05 was considered as a significant level. The obtained results showed that administration of OB caused a decrease in MDA and an increase in SOD levels, which were associated with improved electrocardiogram parameters and reduced cardiac arrhythmias, which suggests the therapeutic potential of the plant in cardiovascular disorders.

Mycoplasma pneumoniaeandChlamydophila pneumoniae: a comparative study in patients with nasal polyposis and healthy controls

2015 ◽  
Vol 129 (9) ◽  
pp. 865-869 ◽  
Author(s):  
D G Ioannidis ◽  
V A Lachanas ◽  
Z Florou ◽  
J G Bizakis ◽  
E Petinaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Nasal Polyps ◽  
Inferior Turbinate ◽  
Sinus Surgery ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Polymerase Chain

AbstractIntroduction:The role played byMycoplasma pneumoniaeandChlamydophila pneumoniaein the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps has been the object of ongoing debate. We used real-time polymerase chain reaction to investigate the prevalence of both microorganisms in the nasal tissue samples of patients and controls.Methods:We extracted DNA from nasal polyp samples obtained during functional endoscopic sinus surgery and the inferior turbinate samples of controls undergoing septoplasty. We used the highly sensitive real-time polymerase chain reaction to detect the presence ofM pneumoniaeandC pneumoniaeDNA.Results:Patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps consisted of 62 individuals (39 men; mean age 51 years); the control group consisted of 24 individuals (13 men; mean age 45 years). All samples from both groups were negative forM pneumoniaeandC pneumoniaeDNA.Conclusion:We have demonstrated that the likelihood ofM pneumoniaeandC pneumoniaeacting as an ongoing inflammatory stimulus in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps is slim.

Effect of Lipid Emulsion on the Improvement of Renal Damage in Colistin-induced Nephrotoxicity

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naci Senkal ◽  
Ozum Atasoy ◽  
Emine Bilge Caparali ◽  
Mumin Alper Erdogan ◽  
Oytun Erbas
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Emulsion ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Cell Injury ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tubular Damage ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background:: Colistin utilization has gradually increased worldwide with the arising of multidrug-resistant (MDR) gram-negative bacilli despite its nephrotoxicity. Lipid emulsion (LE) is widely used for the toxic overdose treatment of various drugs. Objective:: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effect of lipid emulsion on improvement of renal damage in colistin-induced nephrotoxicity with experimental Sprague Dawley rat model. Methods:: Twenty-four male Sprague Dawley rats were initially assigned at random into 2 groups. Sixteen rats were given a single dose of 20 mg/kg colistin, eight rats received no medication (control group). Sixteen rats that were administered colistin sub-divided into 2 groups. Group 1/LE rats (n = 8) were given 20 ml/kg solution of lipid emulsion, and group 2/S rats (n = 8) were given 20 ml/kg/day (i.p.) of 0.9% NaCl saline; both were administered for 10 days. Then tubular injury was evaluated histopathologically. Serum levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), Kidney Injury Molecule-1 (KIM-1), and creatinine were measured. Besides, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were determined in tissue samples for the assessment of lipid peroxidation. Results:: The mean percent of tubular epithelial cell injury and tubular dilatation was found significantly higher in group 2/S than control and group 1/LE (p < 0.0001 and < 0.001; respectively). KIM-1 and MDA levels were also statistically higher in group 2/S than control and group 1/LE. (p < 0.0001 and < 0.0001; respectively). Additionally, serum BUN and creatinine levels of group 2/S were significantly greater than control and group 1/LE (p < 0.0001 and < 0.0001; respectively). Conclusion:: In this present study, we determined that colistin-induced proximal tubular damage was decreased as histopathologically and serologically by the effect of lipid emulsion. Thus, our findings may guide to the future studies on the clinical use of colistin., particularly in MDR positive intensive care infections.

scholarly journals Luo Tong Formula Alleviates Diabetic Retinopathy in Rats Through Micro-200b Target

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Pang ◽  
Qing Ni ◽  
Sha Di ◽  
Li-juan Du ◽  
Ya-li Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Tight Junction ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Blood Retinal Barrier ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Brb Breakdown

Aim: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a serious complication of diabetes (DM). Luo Tong formula (LTF) exerts protective effects against DR in rats, but its underlying mechanism remains unknown. Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats injected with streptozotocin (STZ) were used as an experimental diabetes model. LTF or calcium dobesilate (CaD) was administered to diabetic rats via gastric gavage. After the 12 weeks of treatment, blood and tissue samples were collected to determine serum glucose and retinal structure. Blood samples were collected for blood glucose and hemorheology analysis. Gene or protein expression levels were evaluated by immunohistochemistry, western blotting and/or quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: DM rats exhibits significantly increased blood retinal-barrier (BRB) breakdown and VEGF/VEGFR expression in the retina, and decreased miR-200b and tight junction ZO-1/Occludin/ Claudin-5 genes expression, as well as Ang-1/Tie-2 expressions in the retina compared to normal control group. LTF treatment significantly moderated histological abnormalities in diabetic rats, independent of blood glucose level; improved some hemorrheological parameters; decreased the expressions of VEGF/VEGFR and BRB breakdown, significantly increased PEDF and tight junction proteins ZO-1/Occludin, as well as increased retinal miR-200b expression compared to non-treatment diabetic rats. Moreover, LTF prevented the reduction in Ang-1/Tie-2 expression. Conclusions: LTF treatment ameliorated DR through its repair vascular and attenuate vascular leakage. A mechanism involving miR-200b may contribute to benefit effects.

scholarly journals Effect of Eight Weeks of Resistance Training on Myostatin and Folistatin Proteins Content in Gastrocnemius Muscle Tissue of Elderly Rats

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Moslem Asadpour ◽  
Farhad Daryanoosh ◽  
Mohsen Salesi ◽  
Javad Nemati
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Gastrocnemius Muscle ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Resistance Training Program

Introdution: Myostatin and follistatin proteins are key proteins in the regulation of muscle atrophy and hypertrophy. Aging and sarcopenia can lead to disruption of cellular mechanisms and the activity of these proteins. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of resistance training on myostatin and folistatin proteins content in Gastrocnemius muscle tissue of elderly rats. Methods: In this experimental study, 12 female Sprague-Dawley rats (20-month-old) with an average weight of 250±30 g were selected and randomly divided into 2 groups: resistance training (n=6) and control (n=6). The resistance-training program was as followed: 3 days a week for 8 weeks, climbing a one-meter vertical ladder with 26 steps and two centimeters of space between each step with a slope of 85 degrees. SPSS software version 23 and independent t-test were used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that eight weeks of resistance training led to a significant increase in myostatin protein content in the training group compared to the control group (P≤0.04). In contrast, eight weeks of resistance training led to a significant reduction in folistatin protein content in the training group compared to the control group (P≤0.05). Conclusion: According to the results of the present study on the content of myostatin and folistatin proteins, it is possible that the reduction of muscle atrophy in the elderly can be through other pathways of protein synthesis and muscle hypertrophy.  

scholarly journals Comparative evaluation of IL-17 and TGF-β expression in tissues of patients with chronic periodontitis and healthy individuals using real-time PCR

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
Kazem Fatemi ◽  
Seyed Abdolrahim Rezaee ◽  
Amir Moeintaghavi ◽  
Farid Shiezadeh ◽  
Golnaz Dadpour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Treg Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Expression Index ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Crown Length ◽  
Periodontal Inflammation

Background. The present study aimed to determine the association between periodontal disease and the Th17/Treg balance by examining the genetic expression of IL-17 and TGF-β, which influence incidence and suppression of inflammation. Methods. In this case-control study, samples were collected in a randomized and task-oriented order. Thirty-seven patients referred to professional periodontology clinics in Mashhad and the Periodontology Department of the Mashhad Dentistry Faculty for periodontal (case) or crown-length (control) surgery was enrolled. IL-17 and TGF-β gene expression indices were measured in tissue samples by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results. The IL-17 gene expression index was higher in the case group (2.68±0.91) than in the control group (1.68±0.41), but this difference was not significant. The TGF-β gene expression index was significantly higher in the case group (54.42±7.88) than in the control group (24.12±3.38). Conclusion. L-17 and TGF-β expression is increased in chronic periodontitis patients, but TGF-β plays a more important role in periodontal inflammation in patients with chronic periodontitis. Further studies of the roles of Th17 and Treg cells are warranted.

scholarly journals Prevention of postoperative peritoneal adhesions by O-carboxymethyl chitosan in a rat cecal abrasion model

2010 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dejuan Wang ◽  
Jiacong Mo ◽  
Shirong Pan ◽  
Haofan Chen ◽  
Huanglin Zhen
Keyword(s):  
Adhesion Formation ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Carboxymethyl Chitosan ◽  
Saline Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Peritoneal Adhesions ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Midline Laparotomy ◽  
Peritoneal Adhesion Formation

Purpose: Post-surgial adhesion formation can result in significant morbidity and mortality. N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan (N,O-CMC) has been previously shown to be effective in the prevention of postsurgical adhesion formation. In this study, we evaluated the ability of O-carboxymethyl chitosan (O-CMC), another chitosan derivative generated by carboxymethylation of chitosan's oxygen centers, to reduce postsurgical adhesion development. Methods: Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats (250 ± 20 g) were divided into two equal groups: O-CMC group and saline (control) group. All rats underwent a midline laparotomy and the cecum was abraded to cause petechial hemorrhages. Following peritoneal injections of either saline or O-CMC, the incisions were closed. Seven days after surgery, the animals were killed and adhesion formation was scored. Tissue samples from the adhesions were examined histochemically. Results: Adhesion formation was significantly decreased in the O-CMC group (P < .001) in comparison with the control group. Furthermore, significantly less collagen (P < .001) and fewer inflammatory cells and fibroblasts were detected in the O-CMC-treated animals. Additionally, a significantly (P < .05) lower level of TGF-β1 expression was found in the O-CMC group. Conclusion: O-CMC appears to be effective in the prevention of postoperative peritoneal adhesion formation, which may be attributed to decreased accumulation of inflammatory cells and fibroblasts and reduced collagen synthesis.

scholarly journals PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF CHLORELLA VULGARIS ON DNA DAMAGE, OXIDATIVE STRESS, AND LUNG MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN CIGARETTE SMOKE-EXPOSED RATS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zamri Ks ◽  
Norripin Mkn ◽  
Darus Fi ◽  
Ekambaram Dg ◽  
Abdul Raof Nd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Chlorella Vulgaris ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Oxidative Dna Damage ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Tissue Samples

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the protective effect of Chlorella vulgaris (ChV), antioxidant-rich unicellular green alga, and in cigarette smoke-exposed rats.Methods: Male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups: Control Group (C), ChV group (300 mg/kg body weight), cigarette smoke-exposed (S) group, and S group treated with ChV (S+ChV). Blood samples were drawn from the orbital sinus on days 0, 15, and 30 for the determination of DNA damage by Comet assay and plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) using high-performance liquid chromatography. Rats were killed on day 30, and lung tissue samples were taken for the evaluation of airspace enlargement and number of inflammatory cells.Results: Increased DNA damage (1004.8 au + 329.2, day 15; 1102.7 + 197.8, day 30) and high MDA levels (10.66 + 0.27, day 15; 10.29 + 0.9 day 30) were found in cigarette smoke-exposed rats on days 15 and 30 but were reduced significantly (p<0.05) when treated with ChV (DNA: 482.6 + 223.3, day15; 423.5 + 74.6, day 30 and MDA: 6.1 + 0.6, day15; 6.6 + 2.5, day 30) for both days. Hematoxylin and eosin staining showed that cigarette smoke-exposed rats had high frequency of airspace enlargement and number of inflammatory cells which were reduced when treated with ChV.Conclusion: ChV has a protective role in cigarette smoke-exposed rats by reducing oxidative DNA damage, MDA levels, lung cells inflammation, and airspace enlargement.

scholarly journals Molecular survey on Merkel cell polyomavirus in patients with colorectal cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 229-36
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hadi Karbalaie Niya ◽  
Fahimeh Safarnezhad Tameshkel ◽  
Mahdi Alemrajabi ◽  
Mahsa Taherizadeh ◽  
Mohsen Keshavarz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Ffpe Tissue ◽  
Merkel Cell Polyomavirus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Sample Type ◽  
Merkel Cell ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Tissue Samples

Background: Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCV) has been associated with Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) in humans, and its role in other human cancers is under investigation. The aim of this study was to investigate MCV genome infection in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC).Methods: This retrospective, case-control study used archived formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples from colorectal cancer patients (cases) and matched healthy subjects (controls) diagnosed by an expert pathologist from hospitals affiliated with Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran from 2011 to 2016. After DNA extraction with a QIAamp® DNA FFPE Tissue Kit, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used for diagnosis. A positive control was produced by cloning with the Generay Biotechnology system. SPSS v.22 was used for analysis of demographic variables.Results: There were 157 participants included in the study: 66 were cases and 91 were controls. Their mean ages (±SD) were 59.35±14.48 and 57.21±14.66, respectively. The proportion of males was 57.6% in the case group and 57.1% in the control group. None of the samples were positive for MCV expression by real-time PCR assay. Association was detected between males with CRC and tumor location in the rectum and between males with CRC and the mucinous tumor type.Conclusion: None of the tissues from the CRC or non-cancerous control groups were positive for MCV genome infection, although a low viral load, the sample type, or the method of use should not be neglected. Further studies are recommended to obtain more comprehensive results.

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