scholarly journals Snacking Behaviour and Its Determinants among College-Going Students in Coastal South India

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prasanna Mithra ◽  
Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan ◽  
Rekha Thapar ◽  
Nithin Kumar ◽  
Sharana Hegde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Random Effect ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Established Risk Factor ◽  
College Going ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Government ◽  
High Level

Background. Consumption of snacks in between the regular meals is a poor snacking behaviour. It is an established risk factor for several lifestyle-related disorders and has long-term effects among the younger individuals. Objectives. To study the snacking behaviour and to assess their determinants among college-going students. Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 865 college-going students in Mangaluru. Data were collected using a pretested pro forma that was coded and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 11.5. The chi-square test and random-effect logistic regression analyses were used. Results. Overall, there were 52.4% females and 47.6% males, and 76.8% of them were aged <20 years. More than half of the participants (54.3%) had the habit of snacking in between regular meals. Among them, a large proportion (78.7%) did not have any specific timings for snacking. Also, 51.1% of the students were snacking while watching TV, and 31.9% of them snacked while studying. Breakfast was the most commonly skipped meal (26.2%); of those missing the breakfast regularly, 123 (71.9%) had poor snacking behaviour. A significantly larger proportion of males had a higher frequency of snacking per day (69.3% versus 57.2%, p<0.0001) and consumed aerated drinks more frequently (22.6% versus 15.8%, p=0.011), skipped meals more often (58.6% versus 50.6%, p=0.022), and preferred adding fruits in snacks (78.1% versus 69.4%, p=0.005). Snacking frequency was proportionately higher among students of private colleges (73.6%) than that in the government colleges (55.1%). Participants from nonscience stream, nonvegetarians, and those with a tendency to skip the regular meals had significantly higher levels of poor snacking behaviour. Conclusions. The study population had a high level of poor snacking behaviour. Appropriate measures are needed among younger people to follow fixed eating patterns and avoid skipping of regular meals.

scholarly journals HANDLING DISTRUST ON RISK COMMUNICATION IN NIGERIA: A STRATEGY TO STRENGTHENING THE COVID-19 OUTBREAK RESPONSE

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi ◽  
Priscilla Onaopemipo Akosile ◽  
Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika Afolabi ◽  
Victor Okoliko Ukwenya
Keyword(s):  
Risk Communication ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Outbreak Response ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
High Level

Abstract Background This study aimed to assess the level of trust in the COVID-19 risk communication efforts in Nigeria. Methods We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study among community members aged 15 years and above in Ondo state in October, 2020. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22. Descriptive statistics were summarized using frequencies. Trust was ranked from “1” implying “Low level of trust” to “7” denoting “High level of trust”. We conducted bivariate Chi-square test on respondents’ level of trust in the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) and socio-demographic characteristics. The level of significance was set at p<0.05. Results Among the 691 respondents, 244 (35.3%) were aged 21 to 29 years, and 304 (51.4%) used the NCDC to obtain COVID-19 knowledge. Overall, 205 (41.8%) had high level of trust in the NCDC. Furthermore, 51 (51.5%) individuals aged 30-39 years had high level of trust in the NCDC (ᵡ2=17.455, p= 0.001). Also, 114 (48.5%) persons who lived with children below 18 years had high level of trust in the NCDC (ᵡ2= 8.266, p= 0.004). Conclusion Policy makers should prioritize the involvement of young and educated persons in COVID-19 risk communication strategies.

scholarly journals Nutritional status of 1-5 years children in the urban slum area of Jagdalpur city, Bastar region, Chhattisgarh

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 1172
Author(s):  
Q. H. Khan ◽  
Garima Arora ◽  
Susheel Kumar Nalli
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Immunization Coverage ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Present Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Nutritional Status Of Children ◽  
High Level

Background: Nutritional status is the best indicator of the child health. Malnutrition has both short and long term adverse ramifications. As per NFHS III 47% children are stunted in the state of Chhattisgarh. However still many communities in the tribal dominated and naxal affected state may remain affected, hence the study was planned to identify the nutritional status of children and find out its determinant.Methods: Present cross-sectional study was conducted among 12-59 months children in the urban slum of Jagdalpur city, Bastar region of Chhattisgarh. Predesigned and pretested questionnaire was administered to the caregiver of the child, information on socio-demographic characteristics was obtained and anthropometric measurements were taken. Statistical Analysis: all frequencies were derived for completeness of data. WHO Anthro Software version 3.1.0 was used to classify the malnutrition status. Chi-square test was applied to find association between dependent variables.Results: Out of 225 children 53.3% were boys and 46.7% were girls. The overall prevalence of underweight stunting and wasting was 28.4%, 41.3%, and 19.1% respectively.Conclusions: Prevalence of underweight has reduced in the district over a period of years. However high level of stunting, a sign of chronic hunger points towards the pivotal role of socio-demographic and behavioral practices prevalent in the district. Interaction with health system in the form of ANC, institutional delivery and safeguarding effective 100% immunization coverage has shown preventive effect.

scholarly journals A Comparative Analysis of Determinants of Household Knowledge of Split and Grouped Mosquito Larval Source Management for Malaria Prevention and Control in Rural Malawi

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dumisani Mfipa ◽  
Mphatso Kamndaya ◽  
Kingsley Lungu
Keyword(s):  
Malaria Prevention ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Stagnant Water ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Larval Source Management ◽  
Clean Environment ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
High Level ◽  
Source Management

Abstract BackgroundLimited studies have compared determinants of household knowledge of split and grouped mosquito larval source management (LSM) methods. Thus, we compared determinants of household knowledge of split and grouped mosquito LSM methods for malaria control in Malawi. MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 479 households in Nthache, Mwanza district, Malawi. Household knowledge of mosquito LSM methods; draining stagnant water, larviciding, clean environment and clearing grass/bushes were assessed by using a validated structured household questionnaire administered to an adult household member. Chi-square test was used to compare the distribution of household knowledge of each of the split and grouped mosquito LSM methods. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine factors associated with household knowledge of each of the split and grouped mosquito LSM methods. ResultsHousehold knowledge of draining stagnant water was lower than high-level knowledge of grouped mosquito LSM methods (32.9% versus 83.5%, p=0.000). Household knowledge of clearing grass/bushes was lower than high-level knowledge of grouped mosquito LSM methods (8.2% versus 77.7%, p=0.000). Household knowledge of clean environment was lower than high-level knowledge of grouped mosquito LSM methods (21.8% versus 63.8%, p=0.000). No significant differences were observed between knowledge of larviciding and high-level knowledge of grouped mosquito LSM methods (4.1% versus 5.8%, p=0.421). Respondents without education had 57% less the odds of having knowledge of draining stagnant water than those with primary education (AOR=0.43, 95% CI 0.26-0.69). Those from iron-roofed households and the widowed had three and more than four times the odds of having knowledge of larviciding than those from grass-thatched households and the married (AOR=3.03, 95% CI 1.26-7.29 and AOR=4.73, 95% CI 1.34-16.73), respectively. ConclusionsExcept for larviciding, household knowledge of grouped mosquito LSM methods was significantly higher than split methods. Policy for integrated vector management should address determinants of split mosquito LSM methods to improve household knowledge.

scholarly journals Perception against COVID-19 Threat Affecting the Behavior of Indonesia People Three Months after the Outbreak

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (T1) ◽  
pp. 459-464
Author(s):  
Putri C. Eyanoer ◽  
Farhat Farhat ◽  
Elvita Rahmi Daulay ◽  
Fotarisman Zaluchu
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Actual Health

BACKGROUND: In Indonesia, a new behavior has been introduced in the community to prevent COVID-19 transmission following 3 months of the COVID-19 outbreak. The Ministry of Health, Republic of Indonesia, names this new concept as “the adaptation of new behavior.” However, preventive measures and health protocols encouraged by the government have not yet yielded a significant impact on reducing the COVID-19 positivity rate. This unsuccessful outcome indicates that infective circulation is still occurring caused by incompliant to the health protocol. AIM: This study aimed to measure community perceptions against COVID-19 at the individual level. METHODS: A cross-sectional study with a total of 1687 respondents was performed. Questionnaires distributed thru sharing online links which contain questions on perception of vulnerability and severity of COVID-19. Chi-square test used in analysis to determine the difference in perception with respondents’ behavior. RESULTS: A total of 81.7% of respondents who had a perception of “susceptible to contract” performed behavior suited to recommendations and 81.2% study population had a perception of “COVID-19 is severe” executed behavior suited to the recommendation. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated the establishment of government recommendations for COVID-19 infection did not guarantee the actual health practice/behavior in the community. The existing misconception of the perspective of seriousness/severity and susceptibility would prevent the country from flattening the curve.

scholarly journals Assessment of gadgets addiction and its impact on health among undergraduates

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 3624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aravind K. Kumar ◽  
Mayur S. Sherkhane
Keyword(s):  
Work Performance ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Professional Performance ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Area Of Concern ◽  
High Level

Background: Technology has made our youth the most vulnerable group among today’s population, because of their accessibility and addiction to newer gadgets, which are cheap and easily available. Society has always been worrying about the term ‘Drug Addiction’ of our youth but ‘Gadget Addiction’ is a more critical area of concern in the present era and is a threat to the social infrastructure in the future. Addiction is an irrepressible urge which is accompanied by loss of control leading to lower emotional intelligence indirectly deteriorating the academic and professional performance as well as hampering their family life leading to life threatening problems in future.Methods: Cross sectional study was done among 200 undergraduates using predesigned and pretested questionnaire. Gadget dependency was analysed using 5-point Likert-scale. Descriptive statistics and chi-square test was used for analysing the data collected.Results: 71% belonged to 21-24 years age group. 73.5% were males and 43.5% belonged to class I socio-economic status and 70% had normal BMI. 72.5% of subjects had first gadget at 16-20 years and 90.5% were using smart-phones as a common gadget, of them, 50.2% were using for more than 7 hours a day. 61% had difficulty in day to day work performance. Females were more prone compared to males (p=0.008).Conclusions: High level of dependency was present with gadget addiction. Health action to be taken in form of counselling about the pros and cons in the early phase can prevent future complications. 

scholarly journals MOTHER’S KNOWLEDGE AND PARTICIPATION IN MEASLES RUBELLA (MR) IMMUNIZATION FOR TODDLERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-91
Author(s):  
Haspita Rizki Syurya Handini ◽  
Yussie Ater Merry ◽  
Dhina Khairina
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Government ◽  
Influential Variable

Measles rubella (MR) immunization is to provide immunity against measles and rubella. To reduce measles and rubella, the government carried out the MR immunization campaign. The target of MR immunization achievement is at 95%; however, in West Sumatra Province it is still at 38,98% and Padang City is at 47%. The purpose of this study was to determine the determinant factor as participation in MR immunization for toddlers. This analytic survey used a cross sectional study design. The population was mothers who had toddlers with a sample of 86 respondents taken by proportional random sampling technique. The instrument used was a questionnaire. Data processing was analyzed by bivariate and multivariate using chi square test and logistic regression. The results of the bivariate analysis showed factors related to MR immunization, namely knowledge (p = 0.003), level of education (p = 0.006), and attitude (p = 0.006), while employment (p = 0,222) and number of children (p = 0,160) were not related to MR immunization and the most influential variable was the level of knowledge with p value 0.009 and OR 0.28. It can be concluded that knowledge, education and attitude are related to maternal participation in MR immunization with the most influential variable being knowledge. Therefore, there needs to be innovation in providing counseling to mothers and families about the importance of MR immunization.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Waist Circumference and The Event of Andropause in Male Employees in Government Institutions of Badung Regency

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
Anak Agung Ayu Dian Indah Lestari ◽  
I Gusti Ngurah Pramesemara ◽  
Yukhi Kurniawan
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Government Institutions ◽  
Slow Development ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Government

Background: Andropause occurs with slow development and is a physiological process in males. Andropause symptoms arise vary in individuals. One of the factors that influence these symptoms is obesity, especially central obesity with a waist circumference of >90 cm. Objective: The purpose of this study is to show the relationship between waist circumference and the event of andropause. Methods: This research is an analytical study with a cross-sectional study approach conducted in one of the government institutions of Badung Regency, Bali Province. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The subjects consisted of 40 male employees at aged around 35-60 years. The research data were obtained from filling out the Androgen Deficiency in Aging Male (ADAM) score questionnaire and direct measurement of waist circumference. The statistical analysis used was the Chi-Square test. Results: The results showed that from 40 subjects, 23 (57.5%) subjects had a waist circumference of >90 cm, and a normal waist circumference of <90 cm in 17 (42.5%) subjects. There were 22 subjects (55.0%) who experienced andropause and 18 (45.0%) subjects who did not experience andropause. It was found that there was a significant relationship between waist circumference and the event of andropause among male employees in government institutions of Badung Regency (p = 0.001, OR = 11.7). Conclusion: The study has found that higher in waist circumference may contribute in the event of andropause. For further studies should takes a higher number of subjects to make it more accurate in wider population.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN PENDAPATAN DAN PENGETAHUAN KEPALA KELUARGA DENGAN KETERSEDIAAN JAMBAN SEHAT DI DESA GUNUNG MERLAWAN KECAMATAN TIGANDERKET KABUPATEN KARO TAHUN 2019

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
Bunga Mari Sembiring ◽  
Desi Veronika ◽  
Fithri Handayani Lubis
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family Head ◽  
Basic Sanitation ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Government ◽  
Relationship Of

To improve public health in the form of disease prevention, and health recovery by the government and society is the development of basic sanitation. Any of them has access to basic sanitation that is healthy latrines. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of income and knowledge of family heads with the availability of healthy latrines . The method of this study used observational analytics with a cross sectional study design. The population in this study was the family Head of the gunung merlawan village as much as 60 households in Tiganderket District Karo Regency. Samples were taken according to the number of samples of 60 households with 230 inhabitants. with this sampling technique is total sampling. Statistical tests using the chi square test using SPSS 20. The results of the study showed that there was a relationship between the level of income of family heads with the availability of family latrines. And that there is a relationship of knowledge with the availability of healthy latrines. It is recommended to health officer in the working area of Puskesmas Tiga Nderket and the Head of Gunung Merlawan village to increase their role in counseling the community in the use of healthy latrines in Gunung Merlawan village, Tiganderket .

scholarly journals Vaccination Hesitancy: The Case of Cervical Cancer Vaccination in Fako Division, Cameroon

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-43
Author(s):  
C. Neh Fru ◽  
Tassang Andrew ◽  
David Greenspan ◽  
F. Nchang Cho ◽  
Mokake Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
And Gender ◽  
High Level ◽  
Vaccination Hesitancy

Introduction: The fight against cervical cancer stumbles against resistance to accepting vaccines. Vaccination hesitancy is a worldwide phenomenon. It seems this phenomenon is more amplified in Africa. With the advent of COVID 19, many conspiracy theories against all the vaccines have emanated from various quarters. Vaccination against Human Papilloma Virus is no exception to the current dynamics. A study on this topic was carried out in the Fako Division-Cameroon. Structural and individual reasons could explain vaccination hesitancy. Objective: The objective of this study is to attempt an explanation of why vaccination hesitancy has to do with poor uptake of cervical cancer vaccines. Methodology: a community-based cross-sectional study was carried out in some towns of the Fako Division – Cameroon from 5 to January 20, 2021. Paper-based questionnaires were administered only to those who consented to participate in this study. And chi-square test was estimated to establish the association between participant socioeconomic characteristics and cervical cancer vaccine hesitancy Results: A total of 250 consecutively enrolled participants were included in the study. Women with a high level of education will readily accept vaccination against cervical cancer. About 71% of our sample does not trust government decisions regarding judgments against cervical cancer. If given a choice between medical treatment and prayers, 62% of our studied population will prefer prayers. There is some degree of bias against female children in our community. Conclusion: Many components constitute vaccination hesitancy. The corruption of political elites, brainwashing of masses by the new type of churches, self-convictions, ignorance, lack of knowledge on CC, and gender bias are some. They all increase on structural causes: the colonial background and the low socioeconomic status of these countries.

HUBUNGAN KARAKTERISTIK AKSEPTOR KB SUKU MADURA DENGAN PEMILIHAN JENIS KONTRASEPSI DI PUSKESMAS OMBEN KABUPATEN SAMPANG

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-71
Author(s):  
Nanda Rizaldi
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Service Workers ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Government

The amount of people in Indonesia always increase over and over each year so the government implement a program called KB or Family Planning which aims to control the birth rate of the country. In implementing KB program, there are many debatable pro-cons in people, one of them is Madurese people who assume that one of the contraceptives are considered inadequate to be used from a religious and cultural perspective. This study aims to find out the relationship between a Madurese family planning acceptor and the choice of contraception. The research method is analytic observational with Cross Sectional Study. The method of sampling is probability type, used the simple random sampling. This study used questionnaire to collect the data and chi-square test to analyse the data. The result of the study showed that the respondents who choose short-term contraception type is 95 people and the long-term contraception is 15 people. The result of the data analysis showed that there is a relationship of age (0,043), number of children (0,006), economical status (0,005), and socio-cultural (0,002) in choosing the contraception type. Meanwhile, the education (0,923) has no relation in the choose of contraception type.. It is expected that the prospective family planning acceptors can increase their knowledge of KB (Family Planning) and for the health service workers can increase the health promotion of KB so people can broaden their knowledge of KB.

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