scholarly journals Evaluation of the Candida sp. 99-125 Lipase Positional Selectivity for 1,3-Diolein Synthesis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Yanhong Bi ◽  
Zhangqun Duan ◽  
Wenjing Zhang ◽  
Lei Xu ◽  
Zhaoyu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Process ◽  
Enzymatic Production ◽  
Candida Sp ◽  
Engineering Strategy ◽  
Positional Selectivity

In this study, comparative experiments were carried out to investigate the positional selectivity of Candida sp. 99–125 lipase in preparing 1,3-diolein by using medium engineering strategy. The results indicated that the diolein yield was markedly enhanced from 56.5% to 86.7% with increasing log⁡P values of the solvents, while the selectivity of the examined lipase for the sn-1 over the sn-2 hydroxyl of glycerol was decreased, thus leading to a reduced 1,3-diolein to 1,2-diolein ratio. To evaluate the possibility of industrial enzymatic production of 1,3-diolein, larger-scale experiments were assessed. After being used repeatedly for eight batches, the diolein content reached 95.1%, while the 1,3-diolein to 1,2-diolein ratio was 7:1 following purification. Results of the kg level experiments significantly demonstrated the practicability of the enzymatic process and the efficiency of the purification strategy for the product.

Infecção relacionada à assistência à saúde: Prevalência em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Adulto

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e373997107
Author(s):  
Julyane Sampaio Trindade ◽  
Euzalice Gonçalves da Silva ◽  
Gleciane de Sousa Furtado ◽  
Dayara de Nazaré Rosa de Carvalho ◽  
Dandara de Fátima Ribeiro Bendelaque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Sp ◽  
Terapia Intensiva

Objetivo: Verificar a prevalência de infecções relacionadas à assistência à saúde em pacientes adultos atendidos em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva. Metodologia: Estudo descritivo, epidemiológico, retrospectivo com abordagem quantitativa sobre a ocorrência de IRAS na unidade de terapia intensiva adulta, em um hospital das Forças Armadas de Belém, Estado do Pará. Resultado: Foram selecionados 91 pacientes, sendo a maioria idosa, de ambos os gêneros e proveniente da internação clínica/cirúrgica. Quanto ao perfil das infecções, houve predomínio das relacionadas ao sistema respiratório com (73,6%), seguindo com o trato urinário com (17,6%) e corrente sanguínea com (3,3%). Dentre os microrganismos identificados existe o predomínio de Acinetobacter baumanni (28,6%) e Candida SP (28,6%). Os antimicrobianos mais utilizados foram: Ceftriaxona (35,5%), Tazocin (32,3%) e Vancomicina (29,0%). Conclusão: Considera-se ter alcançado seu objetivo quanto a prevalência de IRAS na UTI da instituição pesquisada, possibilitando a equipe de saúde elencar estratégicas e medidas de prevenção com maior especificidade e direcionamento voltado à realidade local. Este estudo contribuiu para o conhecimento sobre os dados de prevalência das IRAS no ambiente hospitalar tornando evidente a necessidade de maior vigilância epidemiológica das infecções em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva.

An efficient biotreatment process for polyvinyl alcohol containing textile wastewater

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 469-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandip S. Magdum ◽  
Gauri P. Minde ◽  
Upendra S. Adhyapak ◽  
V. Kalyanraman
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Process Optimization ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Chemical Oxidation ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Microbial Consortia ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Candida Sp ◽  
Textile Wastewater Treatment

The aim of this work was to optimize the biodegradation of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) containing actual textile wastewater for a sustainable treatment solution. The isolated microbial consortia of effective PVA degrader namely Candida Sp. and Pseudomonas Sp., which were responsible for symbiotic degradation of chemical oxidation demand (COD) and PVA from desizing wastewater. In the process optimization, the maximum aeration was essential to achieve a high degradation rate, where as stirring enhances further degradation and foam control. Batch experiments concluded with the need of 16 lpm/l and 150 rpm of air and stirring speed respectively for high rate of COD and PVA degradation. Optimized process leads to 2 days of hydraulic retention time (HRT) with 85–90% PVA degradation. Continuous study also confirmed above treatment process optimization with 85.02% of COD and 90.3% of PVA degradation of effluent with 2 days HRT. This study gives environment friendly and cost effective solution for PVA containing textile wastewater treatment.

Synthesis of Coumarin Derivatives as Versatile Scaffolds for GSK-3β Enzyme Inhibition

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla S. Francisco ◽  
Clara L. Javarini ◽  
Iatahanderson de S. Barcelos ◽  
Pedro A.B. Morais ◽  
Heberth de Paula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Glycogen Synthase ◽  
Synthetic Methods ◽  
Kinase Assay ◽  
Crystallographic Structure ◽  
Coumarin Derivatives ◽  
Enzymatic Production ◽  
Docking Simulations ◽  
In Silico Studies ◽  
Gsk 3Β

Background: Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) is involved in the phosphorylation and inactivation of glycogen synthase. GSK-3 inhibitors have been associated with a variety of diseases, including Alzheimer´s disease (AD), diabetes type II, neurologic disorders, and cancer. The inhibition of GSK-3β isoforms is likely to represent an effective strategy against AD. Objective: The present work aimed to design and synthesize coumarin derivatives to explore their potential as GSK-3β kinase inhibitors. Method: The through different synthetic methods were used to prepare coumarin derivatives. The GSK-3β activity was measured through the ADP-Glo™ Kinase Assay, which quantifies the kinasedependent enzymatic production of ADP from ATP, using a coupled-luminescence-based reaction. A docking study was performed by using the crystallographic structure of the staurosporine/GSK-3β complex [Protein Data Bank (PDB) code: 1Q3D]. Results: The eleven coumarin derivatives were obtained and evaluated as potential GSK-3β inhibitors. Additionally, in silico studies were performed. The results revealed that the compounds 5c, 5d, and 6b inhibited GSK-3β enzymatic activity by 38.97–49.62% at 1 mM. The other coumarin derivatives were tested at 1 mM, 1 µM, and 1 nM concentrations and were shown to be inhibitor candidates, with significant IC50 (1.224–6.875 µM) values, except for compound 7c (IC50 = 10.809 µM). Docking simulations showed polar interactions between compound 5b and Lys85 and Ser203, clarifying the mechanism of the most potent activity. Conclusion: The coumarin derivatives 3a and 5b, developed in this study, showed remarkable activity as GSK-3β inhibitors.

Investigação da Sensibilidade ao Fluconazol e Produção de Enzimas Hidrolíticas por Candida sp. Isoladas do Trato Respiratório de Pacientes Internados em um Hospital no Sul de Minas Gerais/Investigation of Fluconazole Sensibility and Hydrolytic Enzimes Pro

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-56
Author(s):  
Bruna Fernanda Fernandes Ferreira ◽  
Ligia Junqueira Ragazzini ◽  
Marileia Chaves Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Candida Sp

Objetivo: Identificar e caracterizar isolados de Candida do trato respiratório de pacientes, em relação à sensibilidade ao fluconazol e produção de enzimas hidrolíticas (fosfolipase e proteinase). Materiais e Métodos: 52 espécies de amostras do trato respiratório no período de 2001 a 2007 foram identificadas pelo método ChroMagar®. As amostras foram submetidas a teste de provas enzimáticas, para obtenção do grau de virulência e testadas quanto à susceptibilidade ao fluconazol, através do método Etest®. Resultados: Candida albicans foi a espécie prevalente, enquanto as demais somaram um total de 67,3%. Todas as amostras foram produtoras de proteinase e 88,5% de fosfolipase e a maioria sensível ao fluconazol, com exceção de C. glabrata que apresentou relevante resistência. Conclusão: Os resultados demonstraram um aumento de isolamento das espécies de Candida não-albicans em amostras clínicas, além de uma relevante resistência ao fluconazol por C. glabrata. Palavras chave: Candida sp; trato respiratório; fluconazol. 

scholarly journals A Novel Pseudomonas geniculata AGE Family Epimerase/Isomerase and Its Application in d-Mannose Synthesis

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1809
Author(s):  
Zhanzhi Liu ◽  
Ying Li ◽  
Jing Wu ◽  
Sheng Chen
Keyword(s):  
3D Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Optimal Temperature ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Enzymatic Production ◽  
Physiological Properties ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Optimal Reaction ◽  
Gene Age

d-mannose has exhibited excellent physiological properties in the food, pharmaceutical, and feed industries. Therefore, emerging attention has been applied to enzymatic production of d-mannose due to its advantage over chemical synthesis. The gene age of N-acetyl-d-glucosamine 2-epimerase family epimerase/isomerase (AGEase) derived from Pseudomonas geniculata was amplified, and the recombinant P. geniculata AGEase was characterized. The optimal temperature and pH of P. geniculata AGEase were 60 °C and 7.5, respectively. The Km, kcat, and kcat/Km of P. geniculata AGEase for d-mannose were 49.2 ± 8.5 mM, 476.3 ± 4.0 s−1, and 9.7 ± 0.5 s−1·mM−1, respectively. The recombinant P. geniculata AGEase was classified into the YihS enzyme subfamily in the AGE enzyme family by analyzing its substrate specificity and active center of the three-dimensional (3D) structure. Further studies on the kinetics of different substrates showed that the P. geniculata AGEase belongs to the d-mannose isomerase of the YihS enzyme. The P. geniculata AGEase catalyzed the synthesis of d-mannose with d-fructose as a substrate, and the conversion rate was as high as 39.3% with the d-mannose yield of 78.6 g·L−1 under optimal reaction conditions of 200 g·L−1d-fructose and 2.5 U·mL−1P. geniculata AGEase. This novel P. geniculata AGEase has potential applications in the industrial production of d-mannose.

Constraints

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raúl Mazo ◽  
Camille Salinesi ◽  
Daniel Diaz ◽  
Olfa Djebbi ◽  
Alberto Lora-Michiels
Keyword(s):  
Domain Engineering ◽  
Product Line ◽  
The Other ◽  
Feature Model ◽  
Product Configuration ◽  
Constraint Program ◽  
Engineering Strategy ◽  
Application Engineering ◽  
The One ◽  
Line Engineering

Drawing from an analogy between features based Product Line (PL) models and Constraint Programming (CP), this paper explores the use of CP in the Domain Engineering and Application Engineering activities that are put in motion in a Product Line Engineering strategy. Specifying a PL as a constraint program instead of a feature model carries out two important qualities of CP: expressiveness and direct automation. On the one hand, variables in CP can take values over boolean, integer, real or even complex domains and not only boolean values as in most PL languages such as the Feature-Oriented Domain Analysis (FODA). Specifying boolean, arithmetic, symbolic and reified constraint, provides a power of expression that spans beyond that provided by the boolean dependencies in FODA models. On the other hand, PL models expressed as constraint programs can directly be executed and analyzed by off-the-shelf solvers. This paper explores the issues of (a) how to specify a PL model using CP, including in the presence of multi-model representation, (b) how to verify PL specifications, (c) how to specify configuration requirements, and (d) how to support the product configuration activity. Tests performed on a benchmark of 50 PL models show that the approach is efficient and scales up easily to very large and complex PL specifications.

scholarly journals Characterization and optimization of extracellular enzymes production by Aspergillus niger strains isolated from date by-products

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reda Bellaouchi ◽  
Houssam Abouloifa ◽  
Yahya Rokni ◽  
Amina Hasnaoui ◽  
Nabil Ghabbour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Extracellular Enzymes ◽  
Enzyme Expression ◽  
Specific Enzyme ◽  
Enzymatic Production ◽  
High Production Rate ◽  
High Production ◽  
Incubation Temperatures ◽  
By Products

Abstract Background This work aims to study the optimal conditions of the fermentation culture medium used for the production of extracellular enzymes (amylase, cellulase, lipase, and protease) from previously isolated Aspergillus niger strains in date by-products. Results The five most powerful isolates selected based on the zone of degradation formed on Petri plates by the substrate were subjected to the quantitative evaluation of their enzymatic production. All five strains showed almost similar API-ZYM profiles, with minor variations observed at the level of some specific enzyme expression. The production of cellulase and amylase was depending on pH and incubation temperatures. ASP2 strain demonstrated the high production rate of amylase (at pH 5 and 30 °C) and cellulase (at pH 6 and 30 °C) for 96 h of incubation. Conclusion The A. niger showed the ability to produce several extracellular enzymes and can be used in the valorization of different agroindustrial residues.

scholarly journals Whole cell-based catalyst for enzymatic production of the osmolyte 2-O-α-glucosylglycerol

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina N. Schwaiger ◽  
Monika Cserjan-Puschmann ◽  
Gerald Striedner ◽  
Bernd Nidetzky
Keyword(s):  
Specific Activity ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Sucrose Phosphorylase ◽  
Bifidobacterium Adolescentis ◽  
Enzymatic Production ◽  
Intracellular Enzyme ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Thaw Cycle

Abstract Background Glucosylglycerol (2-O-α-d-glucosyl-sn-glycerol; GG) is a natural osmolyte from bacteria and plants. It has promising applications as cosmetic and food-and-feed ingredient. Due to its natural scarcity, GG must be prepared through dedicated synthesis, and an industrial bioprocess for GG production has been implemented. This process uses sucrose phosphorylase (SucP)-catalyzed glycosylation of glycerol from sucrose, applying the isolated enzyme in immobilized form. A whole cell-based enzyme formulation might constitute an advanced catalyst for GG production. Here, recombinant production in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) was compared systematically for the SucPs from Leuconostoc mesenteroides (LmSucP) and Bifidobacterium adolescentis (BaSucP) with the purpose of whole cell catalyst development. Results Expression from pQE30 and pET21 plasmids in E. coli BL21(DE3) gave recombinant protein at 40–50% share of total intracellular protein, with the monomeric LmSucP mostly soluble (≥ 80%) and the homodimeric BaSucP more prominently insoluble (~ 40%). The cell lysate specific activity of LmSucP was 2.8-fold (pET21; 70 ± 24 U/mg; N = 5) and 1.4-fold (pQE30; 54 ± 9 U/mg, N = 5) higher than that of BaSucP. Synthesis reactions revealed LmSucP was more regio-selective for glycerol glycosylation (~ 88%; position O2 compared to O1) than BaSucP (~ 66%), thus identifying LmSucP as the enzyme of choice for GG production. Fed-batch bioreactor cultivations at controlled low specific growth rate (µ = 0.05 h−1; 28 °C) for LmSucP production (pET21) yielded ~ 40 g cell dry mass (CDM)/L with an activity of 2.0 × 104 U/g CDM, corresponding to 39 U/mg protein. The same production from the pQE30 plasmid gave a lower yield of 6.5 × 103 U/g CDM, equivalent to 13 U/mg. A single freeze–thaw cycle exposed ~ 70% of the intracellular enzyme activity for GG production (~ 65 g/L, ~ 90% yield from sucrose), without releasing it from the cells during the reaction. Conclusions Compared to BaSucP, LmSucP is preferred for regio-selective GG production. Expression from pET21 and pQE30 plasmids enables high-yield bioreactor production of the enzyme as a whole cell catalyst. The freeze–thaw treated cells represent a highly active, solid formulation of the LmSucP for practical synthesis.

scholarly journals Herbal Products and Their Active Constituents Used Alone and in Combination with Antifungal Drugs against Drug-Resistant Candida sp.

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 655
Author(s):  
Anna Herman ◽  
Andrzej Przemysław Herman
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Membrane Transporters ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Herbal Products ◽  
Active Constituents ◽  
Over Expression ◽  
Candida Sp ◽  
Current State

Clinical isolates of Candida yeast are the most common cause of opportunistic fungal infections resistant to certain antifungal drugs. Therefore, it is necessary to detect more effective antifungal agents that would be successful in overcoming such infections. Among them are some herbal products and their active constituents.The purpose of this review is to summarize the current state of knowledge onherbal products and their active constituents havingantifungal activity against drug-resistant Candida sp. used alone and in combination with antifungal drugs.The possible mechanisms of their action on drug-resistant Candida sp. including (1) inhibition of budding yeast transformation into hyphae; (2) inhibition of biofilm formation; (3) inhibition of cell wall or cytoplasmic membrane biosynthesis; (4) ROS production; and (5) over-expression of membrane transporters will be also described.

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