scholarly journals The Assessment of the Supply of Calcium and Vitamin D in the Diet of Women Regularly Practicing Sport

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michał Wrzosek ◽  
Jakub Woźniak ◽  
Dorota Kozioł-Kaczorek ◽  
Dariusz Włodarek
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Calcium Intake ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cutoff Point ◽  
Skeletal System ◽  
Food Frequency ◽  
Vitamin D Intake ◽  
Group Members

Introduction. The appropriate intake of calcium and vitamin D in women’s diet is significant for a proper maintenance of the skeletal system. Research Aim. The aim of the research was to assess the calcium and vitamin D supply in a diet among women regularly practicing sport. Methodology. The research was completed by 593 women at the age of 18–50 (median 25) who played sports regularly (at least 2 times a week). To assess the calcium and vitamin D intake, short Food Frequency Questionnaires for calcium and vitamin D (VIDEO-FFQ) were used. The examined group was provided with the questionnaires via social media. To assess intake levels, the authors applied the group-based cutoff point method (calcium norm was EAR 800 mg/day; vitamin D norm was AI 15 μg/day). Results. The median of calcium and vitamin D intake in a diet was 502 mg/day and 5.2 μg/day, respectively (Q25 and Q75 for calcium was 387 mg/day and 627 mg/day, respectively, and for vitamin D was 3.4 μg/day and 8.2 μg/day, respectively). In relation to the EAR norm for calcium and AI norm for vitamin D, 92.0% of the examined participants in a group demonstrated lower than recommended calcium intake levels and 97.3% showed lower than recommended vitamin D intake levels. Calcium and vitamin D supplementation was used by 13.1% (in this subgroup, 11.5% of the examined group members did not need it) and 56.8% of the examined women (in this subgroup, 2.4% of the examined group did not need it), respectively. After including the calcium and vitamin D intake, the supply median for the whole group was 535 mg/day and 28.8 μg/day, respectively (Q25 and Q75 for calcium was 402 mg/day and 671 mg/day, and for vitamin D was 6.3 µg/day and 55.7 μg/day, respectively); 87.5% of the examined participants did not meet the EAR norms for calcium and 42.0% did not meet the AI norm for vitamin D. Among the women supplementing calcium, 58.9% did not reach the reference intake value; however, all women supplementing vitamin D fulfilled the expected nutritional need. Conclusions. It is important to educate women about the necessity to provide the body with proper calcium and vitamin D intake levels in a diet in order to avoid health problems resulting from the deficit of the nutrients.

scholarly journals Implications of Vitamin D Research in Chickens can Advance Human Nutrition and Perspectives for the Future

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew F Warren ◽  
Kimberly A Livingston
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Nutrition ◽  
Vitamin D Metabolites ◽  
Vitamin D Metabolism ◽  
Related Research ◽  
Vitamin D Intake ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract The risk of vitamin D insufficiency in humans is a global problem that requires improving ways to increase vitamin D intake. Supplements are a primary means for increasing vitamin D intake, but without a clear consensus on what constitutes vitamin D sufficiency, there is toxicity risk with taking supplements. Chickens have been used in many vitamin D-related research studies, especially studies involving vitamin D supplementation. Our state-of-the-art review evaluates vitamin D metabolism and how the different hydroxylated forms are synthesized. We provide an overview with how vitamin D is absorbed, transported, excreted, and what tissues in the body store vitamin D metabolites. We also discuss a number of studies involving vitamin D supplementation with broilers and laying hens. Vitamin D deficiency and toxicity are also described and how they can be caused. The vitamin D receptor (VDR) is important for vitamin D metabolism. However, there is much more that can be understood with VDR in chickens. Potential research aims involving vitamin D and chickens should explore VDR mechanisms which could lead to newer insights with VDR. Utilizing chickens in future research to help with elucidating vitamin D mechanisms has great potential to advance human nutrition. Finding ways to increase vitamin D intake will be necessary because the coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19) pandemic is leading to increased risk of vitamin D deficiency in many populations. Chickens can provide a dual purpose with addressing pandemic-caused vitamin D deficiency: 1) vitamin D supplementation gives chickens added value with possibly leading to vitamin D-enriched meat and egg products; and 2) chickens’ use in research provides data for translational research. Expanding vitamin D-related research in chickens to include more nutritional aims in vitamin D status has great implications with developing better strategies to improve human health.

scholarly journals Influence of vitamin D provision on the course of acute respiratory infections in children

2021 ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
Yu.V. Marushko ◽  
◽  
S.I. Esipova ◽  
T.V. Gishchak ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Skeletal System ◽  
D3 Receptors ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect

The review article provides data from modern studies confirming the multifaceted effect of vitamin D in the human body. Vitamin D3 receptors (VDRs) have been shown to be present in most organs and tissues of the body. This confirms the importance of vitamin D not only in the formation of the skeletal system, but also in many of its extraosseous effects. Calcitriol affects the modulation of cell growth, neuromuscular conduction, inflammation processes, and is also an important stimulator of innate immunity due to the synthesis of antimicrobial peptides that provide protection against bacteria and viruses. In recent years, the relationship between the concentration of vitamin D in the blood and the incidence of respiratory infections in children has been actively studied. Many studies have shown that low vitamin D status is characteristic of most children with respiratory infections, and an adequate level of 25(OH)D in serum has a positive effect on the frequency of these infections and the severity of their course. Most authors demonstrate the benefits of vitamin D supplementation in the prevention of respiratory diseases in children, but there is no consensus regarding the frequency and dosage of vitamin D. The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest. Key words: vitamin D, children, deficiency, respiratory diseases, prevention.

Evaluation of the hormonal and biochemical changes in obese and non-obese PCOS Iraqi women before and after vitamin D supplementation

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (o3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suaad Muhssen Ghazi ◽  
Fatin Shallal Farhan
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Obese People ◽  
Serum Vitamin D ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Granulose Cells

Vitamin D deficiency is common in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome. Vitamin D plays an important physiologic role in reproductive functions of ovarian follicular development and luteinization through altering anti-müllerian hormone signaling, follicular stimulating hormone activity and progesterone production in human granulose cells. Vitamin D is precipitated in adipose fat tissues, making it notable to be used for the body as a result; obese people with high body mass index are already highly expected to have low levels of serum vitamin D.

Vitamin D and sleep duration: Is there a bidirectional relationship?

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Mosavat ◽  
Aisling Smyth ◽  
Diana Arabiat ◽  
Lisa Whitehead
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Bone Homeostasis ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Bidirectional Relationship ◽  
Sleep Length

AbstractVitamin D contributes to numerous physiological processes within the body but primarily calcium and bone homeostasis. Emerging evidence highlights a novel role for vitamin D in maintaining and regulating optimal sleep. Sleep is a known regulator of bone health, highlighting the interconnectedness between vitamin D concentrations, sleep duration and bone metabolism. It is possible that the relationship between sleep length and vitamin D is bidirectional, with vitamin D playing a role in sleep health and conversely, sleep affecting vitamin D levels. Nevertheless, limited information on the direction of the interaction is available, and much remains to be learned concerning the complex relationship between insufficient sleep duration and vitamin D deficiency. Given the potential to implement interventions to improve sleep and vitamin D supplementation, understanding this relationship further could represent a novel way to support and improve health.

scholarly journals Immunological Aspects of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and the Putative Beneficial Role of Vitamin-D

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 5251
Author(s):  
Ming-Yieh Peng ◽  
Wen-Chih Liu ◽  
Jing-Quan Zheng ◽  
Chien-Lin Lu ◽  
Yi-Chou Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Innate Immunity ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Adaptive Immunity ◽  
Cd4 T Cells ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Alveolar Type ◽  
Tissue Destruction ◽  
Health Crisis

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is still an ongoing global health crisis. Immediately after the inhalation of SARS-CoV-2 viral particles, alveolar type II epithelial cells harbor and initiate local innate immunity. These particles can infect circulating macrophages, which then present the coronavirus antigens to T cells. Subsequently, the activation and differentiation of various types of T cells, as well as uncontrollable cytokine release (also known as cytokine storms), result in tissue destruction and amplification of the immune response. Vitamin D enhances the innate immunity required for combating COVID-19 by activating toll-like receptor 2. It also enhances antimicrobial peptide synthesis, such as through the promotion of the expression and secretion of cathelicidin and β-defensin; promotes autophagy through autophagosome formation; and increases the synthesis of lysosomal degradation enzymes within macrophages. Regarding adaptive immunity, vitamin D enhances CD4+ T cells, suppresses T helper 17 cells, and promotes the production of virus-specific antibodies by activating T cell-dependent B cells. Moreover, vitamin D attenuates the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines by CD4+ T cells through nuclear factor κB signaling, thereby inhibiting the development of a cytokine storm. SARS-CoV-2 enters cells after its spike proteins are bound to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors. Vitamin D increases the bioavailability and expression of ACE2, which may be responsible for trapping and inactivating the virus. Activation of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAS) is responsible for tissue destruction, inflammation, and organ failure related to SARS-CoV-2. Vitamin D inhibits renin expression and serves as a negative RAS regulator. In conclusion, vitamin D defends the body against SARS-CoV-2 through a novel complex mechanism that operates through interactions between the activation of both innate and adaptive immunity, ACE2 expression, and inhibition of the RAS system. Multiple observation studies have shown that serum concentrations of 25 hydroxyvitamin D are inversely correlated with the incidence or severity of COVID-19. The evidence gathered thus far, generally meets Hill’s causality criteria in a biological system, although experimental verification is not sufficient. We speculated that adequate vitamin D supplementation may be essential for mitigating the progression and severity of COVID-19. Future studies are warranted to determine the dosage and effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation among different populations of individuals with COVID-19.

scholarly journals Role of Vitamin D in Reducing the Frequency of Asthma Attacks in Patients with Frequent Exacerbation of Asthma

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
Mubeen Ahmed Memon ◽  
Sheeba Faryal Ansari ◽  
Mumtaz Ali Lakho ◽  
Mukhtiar Hussain Jaffery ◽  
Syed Zulfiquar Ali Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Corticosteroid Treatment ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
The Body ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Asthma Exacerbations ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Interventional Group

Introduction: Vitamin D deficiency is common among asthmatics with literature suggesting that its low levels in the body may trigger exacerbations and decrease the response to corticosteroid treatment. It has also shown to inhibit the production of cytokines, which in turn enhances the body’s response to corticosteroid treatment during an exacerbation. Therefore, maintenance of adequate levels of vitamin D in patients with asthma may reduce the risk of exacerbation and improve their general health. This study aims to explore the role of vitamin D supplementation in preventing asthma exacerbations. Methods: This single blind parallel arm interventional study was conducted in the pulmonology ward in a tertiary care hospital from June 2018 to April 2020. Two hundred (n= 200) participants with a history of frequent acute exacerbation of asthma were enrolled in the study via consecutive convenient non-probability technique. Participants were divided into two groups; the placebo and the interventional group that received 200,000 IU of vitamin D capsule. Results: Compared to day 0, mean episodes of exacerbation in the interventional group were significantly lower after 180 days (1.1 ± 0.4 vs. 0.61 ± 0.3; p-value <0.0001). Similarly, number of asthma attacks in past 7 days was significantly lower in intervention group after 180 days (4.4 ± 2.7 vs. 3.1 ± 1.5; p-value 0.0001) Conclusion: Vitamin D supplementation is a safe and cost-friendly approach to reducing asthma exacerbations. It may also help to improve the condition in severe asthmatics with low vitamin D levels.

scholarly journals Assessment of vitamin D intake among Libyan women – adaptation and validation of specific food frequency questionnaire

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1502028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fathia Faid ◽  
Marina Nikolic ◽  
Jelena Milesevic ◽  
Milica Zekovic ◽  
Agnes Kadvan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Food Frequency Questionnaire ◽  
Food Frequency ◽  
Vitamin D Intake ◽  
Specific Food

Vitamin D and atopic dermatitis

2021 ◽  
pp. 26-36
Author(s):  
Mariya Aleksandrovna Bochkareva ◽  
Svetlana Viktorovna Bulgakova ◽  
Anula Viktorovna Melikova
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Mineral Metabolism ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Skeletal System ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Global Health Problem

Allergic diseases, in particular, atopic dermatitis, are becoming a global health problem due to the rapid spread, both as an independent disease and as a predictor of the development of bronchial asthma. Discovery of all the processes of the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis will provide great opportunities for the prevention and treatment of this disease. In this regard, special attention is paid to vitamin D, which becomes more and more popular all over the world every year. In addition to the known and studied consequences of vitamin D deficiency for skeletal system health and mineral metabolism, recent studies have shown that calcitriol, the active form of vitamin D, is involved in many biological processes in the body, including the regulation of the immune system. The discovery of the vitamin D receptor on various cells of the body opens up new prospects for studying the course of various diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, vascular atherosclerosis, obesity, autoimmune diseases, oncology and allergies. The review will be devoted to this problem. 38 foreign and 2 domestic sources are cited.

scholarly journals Serum calcium level is associated with metabolic syndrome in the general population: FIN-D2D study

2011 ◽  
Vol 165 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Saltevo ◽  
Leo Niskanen ◽  
Hannu Kautiainen ◽  
Jorma Teittinen ◽  
Heikki Oksa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Calcium Intake ◽  
Calcium Level ◽  
Serum Calcium Level ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Vitamin D Intake ◽  
Study Population

BackgroundThe aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine the association between serum calcium and the components of metabolic syndrome (MetS).MethodsAs a part of the national prevention program of diabetes in Finland (FIN-D2D), a randomly selected study population of 4500 middle-aged men and women were recruited from three central hospital district areas. Anthropometric measurements were performed by a trained nurse. An oral glucose tolerance test was performed and serum calcium and lipids were measured. We assessed current medications, physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption, calcium intake, and vitamin D intake. The MetS was defined according to the criteria of the updated National Education Program. The study population consisted of 2896 individuals: 1396 men (62% of invited individuals) and 1500 women (66.7% of invited individuals).ResultsThe mean age was 60.3±8.3 years in men and 59.8±8.5 years in women. The prevalence of MetS was 50.7% in women and 55.8% in men. The prevalence of MetS and its components, except high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, increased linearly with increasing serum calcium (P<0.001), even after adjustment for age, physical activity, alcohol, vitamin D intake, calcium intake, and smoking. The threshold value for serum calcium for MetS was 2.50 mmol/l in this population. The association of MetS with total serum calcium was similar even after exclusion of patients treated with hypertensive drugs. The drug treatments for hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes increased in a similar pattern.ConclusionsSerum calcium level is associated with MetS and its components, except HDL-cholesterol.

scholarly journals Adherence to supplemental vitamin D intake and infant weight gain: a retrospective cohort study in rural southwestern China

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (11) ◽  
pp. 030006052096931
Author(s):  
Xiaofei Zheng ◽  
Qijun Wu ◽  
Dadong Weng ◽  
Yeju Fu ◽  
Duxian Yue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Infants And Toddlers ◽  
Rapid Weight Gain ◽  
Vitamin D Intake ◽  
The Impact

Objectives We tested the hypothesis that vitamin D supplementation is associated with early body mass index (BMI) patterns. Methods Using retrospective longitudinal data of infants and toddlers in a 2-year follow-up study, we identified BMI-for-age Z score (BAZ) growth trajectories using latent class growth modeling (LCGM) analysis. Logistic regression models were adopted to investigate the impact of vitamin D supplementation on BAZ patterns. Results Five BAZ trajectories were derived using LCGM. Higher intake of vitamin D supplement was significantly associated with lower odds of rapid weight gain or mild undernutrition in the first 2 years (odds ratios: 0.60–0.83 for class 2: early rapid growth; 0.69–0.82 for class 3: early weight loss, late rapid growth; 0.83–0.89 for class 4: suboptimal growth). Adherence to 400 IU Vitamin D ≥ 1 year was significantly associated with less likelihood of being in class 3 (odds ratio 0.17). Conclusions Among infants and toddlers aged 0 to 2 years, dietary supplementation of vitamin D is insufficient in rural areas of China. Insufficient vitamin D intake was found to be associated with suboptimal BAZ growth at early stages. Effective collaboration is needed between pediatricians and caregivers, to assure adherence to the nutritional guideline.

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